Abdominal aortic aneurysm

disease
On this page

Also known as aortic aneurysm, familial abdominal 1

Summary

Abdominal aortic aneurysm (MONDO:0005350) is a disease with 36 cohort genes (256 GWAS associations across 22 studies) and 262 clinical trials. The dominant Reactome pathway is Plasma lipoprotein assembly, remodeling, and clearance (4 cohort genes). Top therapeutic interventions include atorvastatin, canakinumab, and evolocumab.

At a glance

  • Cohort genes: 36
  • GWAS associations: 256
  • Clinical trials: 262

Clinical features

No curated clinical features (Orphanet) for this disease.

Identifiers

Disease identifiers

FieldValue
Canonical nameabdominal aortic aneurysm
Mondo IDMONDO:0005350
EFOEFO:0004214
MeSHD017544
DOIDDOID:7693
ICD-111154633768
SNOMED CT233985008
UMLSC0162871
MedGen56524
Is cancer (heuristic)no

Also known as: aortic aneurysm, familial abdominal 1

Data availability: 256 GWAS associations (22 studies).

Disease family

An umbrella term covering 1 Mondo subtype.

Classification path: disease › human disease › disease by body system or component › cardiovascular disordervascular disorderarterial disorderaortic disorderaortic aneurysmabdominal aortic aneurysm

Related subtypes (1): thoracic aortic aneurysm

Subtypes (1): familial abdominal aortic aneurysm

Genetics & variants

GWAS landscape

256 GWAS associations across 22 studies. Top hits map to 27 distinct genes (as reported by GWAS).

Top associations by p-value

rsIDp-valueGeneRisk alleleOdds ratio
rs49775742e-114CDKN2B-AS1?0.18
chr9:220932998e-57A0.18
rs104558722e-55LPA?0.24
rs38270661e-48ZNF335?0.16
rs127403742e-42CELSR2?0.13
rs79947611e-39LINC00540 - FTH1P7?0.14
rs4293585e-39APOE?0.14
rs730150113e-38SMARCA4?0.17
rs49360987e-36ADAMTS8, ZBTB44-DT?0.11
rs174862782e-35CHRNA5?0.1
rs28911688e-35CDKN2B-AS1G0.2
rs1405708861e-34LPA?0.4
rs107572742e-33CDKN2B-AS1A1.24
rs4341821e-32RBBP8-AS1?0.1
rs9641841e-31ZPR1?0.13
rs70254861e-30DAB2IP?0.1
rs7311413e-30HDAC1P1, PLCE1?0.09
rs121261424e-30IL6R?0.09
rs111721134e-29LRP1?0.09
rs3898772e-25PLTPG0.15
rs176884142e-24SUGCT?0.09
rs93068946e-24GDF7?0.08
rs16603644e-22LINC02775 - SMYD2?0.08
chr13:228714461e-21A0.14
rs18929712e-21RNU7-159P - MMP13?0.09
chr18:201724053e-21A0.11
rs128574034e-21LINC00540 - FTH1P7A0.13
rs779253453e-20RNU1-146P - TCP1P3?0.14
rs28364111e-19ERG?0.08
rs29540212e-19TRIB1AL?0.07

Top studies (by case count)

StudyLead authorYearCasesControlsTitle
GCST90432152Roychowdhury T202337,214997,776Genome-wide association meta-analysis identifies risk loci for abdominal aortic aneurysm and highlights PCSK9 as a therapeutic target.
GCST90475994Verma A202416,289427,111Diversity and scale: Genetic architecture of 2068 traits in the VA Million Veteran Program.
GCST90399672Zhou W20228,1631,256,755Global Biobank Meta-analysis Initiative: Powering genetic discovery across human disease.
GCST011495Klarin D20207,642172,172Genetic Architecture of Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm in the Million Veteran Program.
GCST011496Klarin D20207,642172,172Genetic Architecture of Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm in the Million Veteran Program.
GCST003877Jones GT20164,97299,858Meta-Analysis of Genome-Wide Association Studies for Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Identifies Four New Disease-Specific Risk Loci.
GCST90478019Verma A20241,773118,830Diversity and scale: Genetic architecture of 2068 traits in the VA Million Veteran Program.
GCST90480202Verma A20241,773118,830Diversity and scale: Genetic architecture of 2068 traits in the VA Million Veteran Program.
GCST002193Bradley DT20131,7555,314A variant in LDLR is associated with abdominal aortic aneurysm.
GCST001312Bown MJ20111,7375,435Abdominal aortic aneurysm is associated with a variant in low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 1.

Variant details and genetic-evidence tiers

Tier distribution (top 50 variants)

TierVariants
Tier 1: coding3
Tier 2: splice/UTR4
Tier 3: regulatory1
Tier 4: intronic/intergenic42

MAF distribution

BucketVariants
common (>=0.05)50
low_freq (0.01-0.05)0
rare (<0.01)0
unknown0

Functional consequences

ConsequenceCount
intron_variant27
intergenic_variant8
unknown5
3_prime_UTR_variant4
missense_variant3
non_coding_transcript_exon_variant2
regulatory_region_variant1

Top variants

rsIDChrPosAllelesMAFConsequenceGenep-valueTier
rs4977574922098575A>G,T0.05intron_variantCDKN2B-AS12e-114Tier 4: intronic/intergenic
chr9:220932990.4878e-57Tier 4: intronic/intergenic
rs104558726160589086A>G0.05intron_variantLPA2e-55Tier 4: intronic/intergenic
rs38270662045957384C>T0.05intron_variantZNF3351e-48Tier 4: intronic/intergenic
rs127403741109274968G>T0.053_prime_UTR_variantCELSR22e-42Tier 2: splice/UTR
rs79947611322297307A>G,T0.05intergenic_variantLINC00540 - FTH1P71e-39Tier 4: intronic/intergenic
rs4293581944908684T>C0.05missense_variantAPOE5e-39Tier 1: coding
rs730150111911079088T>C0.05intergenic_variantSMARCA43e-38Tier 4: intronic/intergenic
rs493609811130410772A>G,T0.05intron_variantADAMTS8, ZBTB44-DT7e-36Tier 4: intronic/intergenic
rs174862781578575140A>C0.05intron_variantCHRNA52e-35Tier 4: intronic/intergenic
rs2891168922098620A>G0.464intron_variantCDKN2B-AS18e-35Tier 4: intronic/intergenic
rs1405708866160591981T>C0.05intron_variantLPA1e-34Tier 4: intronic/intergenic
rs10757274922096056A>C,G,T0.462intron_variantCDKN2B-AS12e-33Tier 4: intronic/intergenic
rs4341821822702893C>A,G,T0.05intron_variantRBBP8-AS11e-32Tier 4: intronic/intergenic
rs96418411116778201G>C0.053_prime_UTR_variantZPR11e-31Tier 2: splice/UTR
rs70254869121660124G>A0.05intron_variantDAB2IP1e-30Tier 4: intronic/intergenic
rs7311411094138924G>A0.05non_coding_transcript_exon_variantHDAC1P1, PLCE13e-30Tier 4: intronic/intergenic
rs121261421154452980G>A,C0.05intron_variantIL6R4e-30Tier 4: intronic/intergenic
rs111721131257133500T>C,G0.05intron_variantLRP14e-29Tier 4: intronic/intergenic
rs3898772045903845G>A,C,T0.204intron_variantPLTP2e-25Tier 4: intronic/intergenic
rs17688414740801371C>G,T0.05intron_variantSUGCT2e-24Tier 4: intronic/intergenic
rs9306894220678345A>G0.053_prime_UTR_variantGDF76e-24Tier 2: splice/UTR
rs16603641214232262A>C,T0.05intron_variantLINC02775 - SMYD24e-22Tier 4: intronic/intergenic
chr13:228714460.2191e-21Tier 4: intronic/intergenic
rs189297111102924877G>A0.05regulatory_region_variantRNU7-159P - MMP132e-21Tier 3: regulatory
chr18:201724050.4973e-21Tier 4: intronic/intergenic
rs128574031322291470A>G,T0.236intergenic_variantLINC00540 - FTH1P74e-21Tier 4: intronic/intergenic
rs779253451219777560A>G0.05intron_variantRNU1-146P - TCP1P33e-20Tier 4: intronic/intergenic
rs28364112138447907C>A,T0.05intron_variantERG1e-19Tier 4: intronic/intergenic
rs29540218125469835A>G0.05intron_variantTRIB1AL2e-19Tier 4: intronic/intergenic

Genes & proteins

Mendelian disease overlap and somatic drivers

GenCC: 0 · Orphanet: 36 · OMIM-shared: 0 · Dual-evidence (GWAS+Mendelian): 1

Dual-evidence genes (GWAS + Mendelian — highest-confidence targets)

GeneHGNCEvidence routes
FBN1FBN1GWAS, Orphanet

Orphanet rare-disease linkage (cohort genes)

GeneOrphanet IDRare disease
ZNF335Orphanet:329228Microcephalic primordial dwarfism due to ZNF335 deficiency
FERMT1Orphanet:2908Kindler epidermolysis bullosa
APOA5Orphanet:530849Familial apolipoprotein A5 deficiency
CDKN2AOrphanet:1333Familial pancreatic carcinoma
CDKN2AOrphanet:1501Adrenocortical carcinoma
CDKN2AOrphanet:252206Melanoma and neural system tumor syndrome
CDKN2AOrphanet:404560Familial atypical multiple mole melanoma syndrome
CDKN2AOrphanet:524Li-Fraumeni syndrome
CDKN2AOrphanet:585909B-lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoma with t(9;22)(q34.1;q11.2)
CDKN2AOrphanet:618Familial melanoma
CDKN2AOrphanet:99861Precursor T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia
CDKN2BOrphanet:618Familial melanoma
CDKN2BOrphanet:652Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1
PCSK9Orphanet:391665Homozygous familial hypercholesterolemia
ERGOrphanet:319Skeletal Ewing sarcoma
ERGOrphanet:370334Extraskeletal Ewing sarcoma
FBN1Orphanet:1885Isolated ectopia lentis
FBN1Orphanet:2084Glaucoma-ectopia lentis-microspherophakia-stiff joints-short stature syndrome
FBN1Orphanet:2462Shprintzen-Goldberg syndrome
FBN1Orphanet:2623Geleophysic dysplasia
FBN1Orphanet:2833Stiff skin syndrome
FBN1Orphanet:284963Marfan syndrome type 1
FBN1Orphanet:284979Neonatal Marfan syndrome
FBN1Orphanet:300382Progeroid and marfanoid aspect-lipodystrophy syndrome
FBN1Orphanet:3449Weill-Marchesani syndrome
FBN1Orphanet:91387Familial thoracic aortic aneurysm and aortic dissection
FBN1Orphanet:969Acromicric dysplasia
IL6ROrphanet:656326Autosomal recessive combined immunodeficiency due to IL6R deficiency
APOEOrphanet:329481Lipoprotein glomerulopathy
APOEOrphanet:412Dysbetalipoproteinemia
LDLROrphanet:391665Homozygous familial hypercholesterolemia
LRP1Orphanet:2340Keratosis follicularis spinulosa decalvans
LRP1Orphanet:79100Atrophoderma vermiculata
MMP9Orphanet:1040Metaphyseal anadysplasia
RBBP8Orphanet:313795Jawad syndrome
RBBP8Orphanet:808Seckel syndrome

Cohort genes → proteins

36 cohort genes, 34 distinct canonical proteins.

Evidence partition

SubsetGenes
gwas_only36

Cohort genes (full)

SymbolHGNCEnsemblUniProtNameEvidence
SORT1HGNC:11186ENSG00000134243Q99523Sortilingwas
ZPR1HGNC:13051ENSG00000109917O75312Zinc finger protein ZPR1gwas
MEPEHGNC:13361ENSG00000152595Q9NQ76Matrix extracellular phosphoglycoproteingwas
ZNF335HGNC:15807ENSG00000198026Q9H4Z2Zinc finger protein 335gwas
FERMT1HGNC:15889ENSG00000101311Q9BQL6Fermitin family homolog 1gwas
ABHD16BHGNC:16128ENSG00000183260Q9H3Z7ABHD16Bgwas
PCIF1HGNC:16200ENSG00000100982Q9H4Z3mRNA (2’-O-methyladenosine-N(6)-)-methyltransferasegwas
TRIB1HGNC:16891ENSG00000173334Q96RU8Tribbles homolog 1gwas
APOA5HGNC:17288ENSG00000110243Q6Q788Apolipoprotein A-Vgwas
DAB2IPHGNC:17294ENSG00000136848Q5VWQ8Disabled homolog 2-interacting proteingwas
CDKN2AHGNC:1787ENSG00000147889P42771Cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 2Agwas
CDKN2BHGNC:1788ENSG00000147883P42772Cyclin-dependent kinase 4 inhibitor Bgwas
SCGB1D1HGNC:18395ENSG00000168515O95968Secretoglobin family 1D member 1gwas
CHRNA3HGNC:1957ENSG00000080644P32297Neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit alpha-3gwas
PCSK9HGNC:20001ENSG00000169174Q8NBP7Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9gwas
SMYD2HGNC:20982ENSG00000143499Q9NRG4N-lysine methyltransferase SMYD2gwas
ADAMTS8HGNC:224ENSG00000134917Q9UP79A disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motifs 8gwas
CTAGE1HGNC:24346ENSG00000212710Q96RT6cTAGE family member 2gwas
PSRC1HGNC:24472ENSG00000134222Q6PGN9Proline/serine-rich coiled-coil protein 1gwas
CRISPLD2HGNC:25248ENSG00000103196Q9H0B8Cysteine-rich secretory protein LCCL domain-containing 2gwas
ANKRD44HGNC:25259ENSG00000065413Q8N8A2Serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 6 regulatory ankyrin repeat subunit Bgwas
LDAHHGNC:26145ENSG00000118961Q9H6V9Lipid droplet-associated hydrolasegwas
CELSR2HGNC:3231ENSG00000143126Q9HCU4Cadherin EGF LAG seven-pass G-type receptor 2gwas
CDPF1HGNC:33710ENSG00000205643Q6NVV7Cysteine-rich DPF motif domain-containing protein 1gwas
CDKN2B-AS1HGNC:34341ENSG00000240498CDKN2B and CDKN2A antisense cis and trans regulatory RNA 1gwas
ERGHGNC:3446ENSG00000157554P11308Transcriptional regulator ERGgwas
FBN1HGNC:3603ENSG00000166147P35555Fibrillin-1gwas
GDF7HGNC:4222ENSG00000143869Q7Z4P5Growth/differentiation factor 7gwas
LINC00540HGNC:43673ENSG00000276476long intergenic non-protein coding RNA 540gwas
IL6RHGNC:6019ENSG00000160712P08887Interleukin-6 receptor subunit alphagwas
APOEHGNC:613ENSG00000130203P02649Apolipoprotein Egwas
LDLRHGNC:6547ENSG00000130164P01130Low-density lipoprotein receptorgwas
LPAHGNC:6667ENSG00000198670P08519Apolipoprotein(a)gwas
LRP1HGNC:6692ENSG00000123384Q07954Prolow-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 1gwas
MMP9HGNC:7176ENSG00000100985P14780Matrix metalloproteinase-9gwas
RBBP8HGNC:9891ENSG00000101773Q99708DNA endonuclease RBBP8gwas

Cohort function summary

Lead sentence per gene, UniProt-curated.

SymbolProtein nameFunction (lead sentence)
SORT1SortilinFunctions as a sorting receptor in the Golgi compartment and as a clearance receptor on the cell surface.
ZPR1Zinc finger protein ZPR1Acts as a signaling molecule that communicates proliferative growth signals from the cytoplasm to the nucleus.
MEPEMatrix extracellular phosphoglycoproteinPromotes renal phosphate excretion and inhibits intestinal phosphate absorption.
ZNF335Zinc finger protein 335Component or associated component of some histone methyltransferase complexes may regulate transcription through recruitment of those complexes on gene promoters.
FERMT1Fermitin family homolog 1Involved in cell adhesion.
ABHD16BABHD16BHydrolyzes the sn-1 position of glycerophospholipids with high specificity towards phosphatidylserine (PS), PS-PLA1 enzyme.
PCIF1mRNA (2’-O-methyladenosine-N(6)-)-methyltransferaseCap-specific adenosine methyltransferase that catalyzes formation of N(6),2’-O-dimethyladenosine cap (m6A(m)) by methylating the adenosine at the second transcribed position of capped mRNAs.
TRIB1Tribbles homolog 1Adapter protein involved in protein degradation by interacting with COP1 ubiquitin ligase.
APOA5Apolipoprotein A-VMinor apolipoprotein mainly associated with HDL and to a lesser extent with VLDL.
DAB2IPDisabled homolog 2-interacting proteinFunctions as a scaffold protein implicated in the regulation of a large spectrum of both general and specialized signaling pathways.
CDKN2ACyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 2AActs as a negative regulator of the proliferation of normal cells by interacting strongly with CDK4 and CDK6.
CDKN2BCyclin-dependent kinase 4 inhibitor BInteracts strongly with CDK4 and CDK6.
SCGB1D1Secretoglobin family 1D member 1May bind androgens and other steroids, may also bind estramustine, a chemotherapeutic agent used for prostate cancer.
CHRNA3Neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit alpha-3Component of neuronal acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) that function as pentameric, ligand-gated cation channels with high calcium permeability among other activities. nAChRs are excitatory neurotrasnmitter receptors formed by a collection…
PCSK9Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9Crucial player in the regulation of plasma cholesterol homeostasis.
SMYD2N-lysine methyltransferase SMYD2Protein-lysine N-methyltransferase that methylates both histones and non-histone proteins, including p53/TP53 and RB1.
ADAMTS8A disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motifs 8Has anti-angiogenic properties.
PSRC1Proline/serine-rich coiled-coil protein 1Required for normal progression through mitosis.
CRISPLD2Cysteine-rich secretory protein LCCL domain-containing 2Promotes matrix assembly.
ANKRD44Serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 6 regulatory ankyrin repeat subunit BPutative regulatory subunit of protein phosphatase 6 (PP6) that may be involved in the recognition of phosphoprotein substrates.
LDAHLipid droplet-associated hydrolaseProbable serine lipid hydrolase associated with lipid droplets.
CELSR2Cadherin EGF LAG seven-pass G-type receptor 2Receptor that may have an important role in cell/cell signaling during nervous system formation.
ERGTranscriptional regulator ERGTranscriptional regulator.
FBN1Fibrillin-1Structural component of the 10-12 nm diameter microfibrils of the extracellular matrix, which conveys both structural and regulatory properties to load-bearing connective tissues.
GDF7Growth/differentiation factor 7May play an active role in the motor area of the primate neocortex.
IL6RInterleukin-6 receptor subunit alphaPart of the receptor for interleukin 6.
APOEApolipoprotein EAPOE is an apolipoprotein, a protein associating with lipid particles, that mainly functions in lipoprotein-mediated lipid transport between organs via the plasma and interstitial fluids.
LDLRLow-density lipoprotein receptorBinds low density lipoprotein /LDL, the major cholesterol-carrying lipoprotein of plasma, and transports it into cells by endocytosis.
LPAApolipoprotein(a)Apo(a) is the main constituent of lipoprotein(a) (Lp(a)).
LRP1Prolow-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 1Endocytic receptor involved in endocytosis and in phagocytosis of apoptotic cells.
MMP9Matrix metalloproteinase-9Matrix metalloproteinase that plays an essential role in local proteolysis of the extracellular matrix and in leukocyte migration.
RBBP8DNA endonuclease RBBP8Endonuclease that cooperates with the MRE11-RAD50-NBN (MRN) complex in DNA-end resection, the first step of double-strand break (DSB) repair through the homologous recombination (HR) pathway.

Protein-family classification

Druggable: 7 · Difficult: 10 · Unknown: 19 · Druggable fraction: 0.19

Family distribution

Cohort families vs a genome-wide background (hypergeometric, BH-FDR; fold = observed/expected). Counts kept; sorted by enrichment, so the catch-all Other/Unknown bucket no longer leads.

FamilyGenesFoldFDR
Scaffold/PPI73.4×0.028
Protease44.1×0.057
Other/Unknown190.9×0.828
Antibody/Immunoglobulin10.8×0.828
Kinase10.8×0.828
Transcription factor30.7×0.828
GPCR10.7×0.828

Per-gene assignment

SymbolFamilyDruggable?ECInterPro (top 3)
SORT1Scaffold/PPInoVPS10, WD40/YVTN_repeat-like_dom_sf, Sortilin_C
ZPR1Transcription factornoZnf_ZPR1, ZPR1, ZPR1_A/B_dom
MEPEOther/UnknownnoMEPE
ZNF335Transcription factornoZnf_C2H2_type, Znf_C2H2_sf, Zinc_finger/UBP_domain
FERMT1Scaffold/PPInoPH_domain, PH-like_dom_sf, FERM_central
ABHD16BOther/UnknownnoAB_hydrolase_1, AB_hydrolase_fold
PCIF1Scaffold/PPInoWW_dom, PCIF1_WW, HSP70_C_sf
TRIB1KinaseyesProt_kinase_dom, Kinase-like_dom_sf, Tribbles/Ser_Thr_kinase_40
APOA5Other/UnknownnoApoA_E, Apolipoprotein_A1/A4/E
DAB2IPScaffold/PPInoC2_dom, PH_domain, RasGAP_dom
CDKN2AScaffold/PPInoAnkyrin_rpt-contain_sf, Ank_Repeat/CDKN_Inhibitor, Tumor_suppres_ARF
CDKN2BScaffold/PPInoAnkyrin_rpt, Ankyrin_rpt-contain_sf, Ank_Repeat/CDKN_Inhibitor
SCGB1D1Other/UnknownnoSecretoglobin, Secretoglobin_sf
CHRNA3Other/UnknownnoNicotinic_acetylcholine_rcpt, Neurotrans-gated_channel_TM, Neur_channel
PCSK9Proteaseyes3.4.21.61Peptidase_S8/S53_dom, S8pro/Inhibitor_I9, Peptidase_S8_subtilisin-rel
SMYD2Transcription factornoSET_dom, Znf_MYND, TPR-like_helical_dom_sf
ADAMTS8ProteaseyesTSP1_rpt, Peptidase_M12B, Peptidase_M12B_N
CTAGE1Other/UnknownnocTAGE_MIA/OTOR
PSRC1Other/UnknownnoDDA3/GTSE-1, GTSE1_N
CRISPLD2Other/UnknownnoCRISP-related, LCCL, CAP_dom
ANKRD44Scaffold/PPInoAnkyrin_rpt, Ankyrin_rpt-contain_sf
LDAHOther/UnknownnoLDAH, AB_hydrolase_fold
CELSR2GPCRyesEGF-type_Asp/Asn_hydroxyl_site, GPS, EGF
CDPF1Other/UnknownnoCDPF1_dom, CDPF1
CDKN2B-AS1Other/Unknownno
ERGOther/UnknownnoEts_dom, Pointed_dom, SAM/pointed_sf
FBN1Other/UnknownnoEGF-type_Asp/Asn_hydroxyl_site, EGF, EGF-like_Ca-bd_dom
GDF7Other/UnknownnoTGF-b_propeptide, TGF-b_C, TGF-beta-like
LINC00540Other/Unknownno
IL6RAntibody/ImmunoglobulinyesHematopoietin_rcpt_L_F3_CS, Ig_sub2, Ig_sub
APOEOther/UnknownnoApoA_E, Apolipoprotein_A1/A4/E
LDLROther/UnknownnoLDLR_classB_rpt, EGF-type_Asp/Asn_hydroxyl_site, EGF
LPAProteaseyesKringle, Trypsin_dom, Peptidase_S1A
LRP1Other/UnknownnoLDLR_classB_rpt, EGF-type_Asp/Asn_hydroxyl_site, EGF
MMP9Proteaseyes3.4.24.35FN_type2_dom, Hemopexin-like_dom, Pept_M10_metallopeptidase
RBBP8Other/UnknownnoCtp1_C, CtIP_N, RBBP8-like

Expression context

Cohort genes with no expression data: 0.

30 cohort genes are a single-cell marker in ≥1 SCXA experiment.

Breadth distribution (Bgee present_calls)

BucketGenes
narrow (1-5 tissues)0
moderate (6-20)1
broad (>20)35
unknown0

Top tissues across cohort

TissueCohort genes
male germ line stem cell (sensu Vertebrata) in testis4
right testis3
tibia3
right lobe of liver3
primordial germ cell in gonad3
adrenal tissue3
ganglionic eminence2
periodontal ligament2
trabecular bone tissue2
cerebellar hemisphere2
right hemisphere of cerebellum2
colonic mucosa2
mucosa of sigmoid colon2
left testis2
testis2
liver2
blood vessel layer2
choroid plexus epithelium2
mucosa of transverse colon2
apex of heart2

Per-gene tissue summary (top 30)

SymbolBgee breadthFANTOM5 breadthSCXATop tissues
SORT1291ubiquitousmarkerinferior vagus X ganglion, corpus epididymis, subthalamic nucleus
ZPR1267ubiquitousmarkercortical plate, ganglionic eminence, right testis
MEPE52tissue_specificmarkertibia, periodontal ligament, trabecular bone tissue
ZNF335199ubiquitousmarkergranulocyte, right hemisphere of cerebellum, cerebellar hemisphere
FERMT1235ubiquitousmarkermucosa of sigmoid colon, colonic mucosa, gingival epithelium
ABHD16B106yesright testis, left testis, testis
PCIF1231ubiquitousmarkermucosa of stomach, body of uterus, left uterine tube
TRIB1280ubiquitousmarkermucosa of urinary bladder, mucosa of sigmoid colon, visceral pleura
APOA545tissue_specificyesright lobe of liver, liver, skeletal muscle tissue of rectus abdominis
DAB2IP254ubiquitousmarkerright hemisphere of cerebellum, cerebellar hemisphere, cerebellar cortex
CDKN2A220ubiquitousmarkerparotid gland, cervix squamous epithelium, pituitary gland
CDKN2B219ubiquitousmarkerjejunal mucosa, colonic mucosa, lower esophagus mucosa
SCGB1D134tissue_specificmarkerright uterine tube, blood vessel layer, choroid plexus epithelium
CHRNA3179broadmarkerpigmented layer of retina, thymus, primordial germ cell in gonad
PCSK9147broadmarkerright lobe of liver, mucosa of transverse colon, male germ line stem cell (sensu Vertebrata) in testis
SMYD2285ubiquitousmarkerleft ventricle myocardium, heart right ventricle, apex of heart
ADAMTS8197tissue_specificmarkermiddle temporal gyrus, upper lobe of left lung, upper lobe of lung
CTAGE113tissue_specificyesright testis, left testis, testis
PSRC1222ubiquitousyesC1 segment of cervical spinal cord, ventricular zone, spinal cord
CRISPLD2278ubiquitousmarkerdecidua, tibia, pericardium
ANKRD44248ubiquitousmarkermonocyte, leukocyte, bone marrow cell
LDAH254ubiquitousmarkeradrenal tissue, male germ line stem cell (sensu Vertebrata) in testis, islet of Langerhans
CELSR2248ubiquitousmarkerganglionic eminence, ventricular zone, right frontal lobe
CDPF1174ubiquitousyespancreatic ductal cell, tibialis anterior, apex of heart
CDKN2B-AS1169ubiquitousmarkermucosa of transverse colon, rectum, transverse colon
ERG247broadmarkertendon of biceps brachii, descending thoracic aorta, thoracic aorta
FBN1275ubiquitousmarkersynovial joint, skin of hip, decidua
GDF7168broadmarkerseminal vesicle, endometrium, blood vessel layer
LINC00540136broadyesmale germ line stem cell (sensu Vertebrata) in testis, primordial germ cell in gonad, buccal mucosa cell
IL6R271ubiquitousmarkerblood, monocyte, leukocyte

Protein interactions among cohort

Intra-cohort edges: 19.

Hub genes (top 10 by interactor count)

SymbolInteractor count
CDKN2A9,311
APOE6,793
MMP96,708
FBN13,640
CDKN2B3,431
RBBP83,235
PCSK92,994
IL6R2,805
LRP12,662
ZPR12,581

Intra-cohort edges

ABSources
APOA5APOEstring_interaction
APOA5PSRC1string_interaction
APOA5TRIB1string_interaction
APOA5ZPR1string_interaction
APOELDLRintact
APOELPAstring_interaction
APOELRP1intact, string_interaction
CDKN2ACDKN2Bbiogrid_interaction
CELSR2PCSK9string_interaction
CELSR2PSRC1string_interaction
CELSR2SORT1string_interaction
LDLRPCSK9biogrid_interaction, intact, string_interaction
LPAPCSK9string_interaction
LRP1MMP9string_interaction
PCIF1ZNF335string_interaction
PCSK9PSRC1string_interaction
PCSK9SORT1string_interaction
PSRC1SORT1string_interaction
SORT1TRIB1string_interaction

Structural data

PDB: 16 · AlphaFold-only: 18 · No structure: 2

Cohort genes with PDB structures (top 30)

SymbolUniProtPDB entries
PCSK9Q8NBP765
LDLRP0113036
APOEP0264929
MMP9P1478029
SMYD2Q9NRG425
SORT1Q9952317
LPAP0851916
FBN1P3555511
IL6RP0888710
ERGP113088
LRP1Q079547
TRIB1Q96RU85
CDKN2AP427715
CHRNA3P322975
RBBP8Q997084
PCIF1Q9H4Z33

AlphaFold-only cohort genes (top 30 by pLDDT)

SymbolUniProtpLDDT
LDAHQ9H6V990.59
ANKRD44Q8N8A290.57
CDKN2BP4277290.12
SCGB1D1O9596889.74
CDPF1Q6NVV787.30
ABHD16BQ9H3Z786.64
FERMT1Q9BQL681.14
CRISPLD2Q9H0B880.67
ADAMTS8Q9UP7980.22
ZPR1O7531280.11
APOA5Q6Q78872.38
GDF7Q7Z4P572.03
CTAGE1Q96RT670.45
DAB2IPQ5VWQ865.74
PSRC1Q6PGN957.83
ZNF335Q9H4Z252.13
MEPEQ9NQ7643.45
CELSR2Q9HCU4

Function

Pathway analysis

Distinct Reactome pathways touched by cohort: 173. Enrichment computed across 36 evidence-associated genes (21 with Reactome annotation).

Pathways by enrichment

Over-representation of cohort genes vs the genome-wide background (hypergeometric test, Benjamini-Hochberg FDR; fold = observed/expected over 21 annotated cohort genes). Counts and members are kept as ground-truth; sorted by enrichment.

PathwayCohort genesFoldFDRSample cohort genes
Plasma lipoprotein assembly, remodeling, and clearance443.5×2e-04APOA5, APOE, LDLR, LPA
Post-translational protein phosphorylation523.9×2e-04MEPE, APOA5, PCSK9, FBN1, APOE
Regulation of Insulin-like Growth Factor (IGF) transport and uptake by Insulin-like Growth Factor Binding Proteins (IGFBPs)520.6×2e-04MEPE, APOA5, PCSK9, FBN1, APOE
Plasma lipoprotein remodeling368.0×5e-04APOA5, APOE, LPA
Metabolism of fat-soluble vitamins354.4×7e-04APOE, LDLR, LRP1
Chylomicron clearance2217.5×9e-04APOE, LDLR
Visual phototransduction337.1×0.002APOE, LDLR, LRP1
Retinoid metabolism and transport335.5×0.002APOE, LDLR, LRP1
Chylomicron remodeling2108.8×0.003APOA5, APOE
Binding and Uptake of Ligands by Scavenger Receptors251.8×0.010APOE, LRP1
LDL clearance251.8×0.010PCSK9, LDLR
Degradation of the extracellular matrix316.8×0.010ADAMTS8, FBN1, MMP9
Metabolism of vitamins and cofactors316.6×0.010APOE, LDLR, LRP1
Plasma lipoprotein clearance245.3×0.011APOE, LDLR
G1 Phase237.5×0.014CDKN2A, CDKN2B
Sensory Perception313.6×0.014APOE, LDLR, LRP1
Evasion of Oncogene Induced Senescence Due to p14ARF Defects1543.8×0.017CDKN2A
Evasion of Oxidative Stress Induced Senescence Due to p14ARF Defects1543.8×0.017CDKN2A
Oncogene Induced Senescence232.0×0.017CDKN2A, CDKN2B
Vesicle-mediated transport46.6×0.023SORT1, APOE, LDLR, LRP1
Evasion of Oncogene Induced Senescence Due to Defective p16INK4A binding to CDK41271.9×0.026CDKN2A
Evasion of Oxidative Stress Induced Senescence Due to Defective p16INK4A binding to CDK41271.9×0.026CDKN2A
Defective Intrinsic Pathway for Apoptosis Due to p14ARF Loss of Function1271.9×0.026CDKN2A
Cyclin D associated events in G1222.2×0.026CDKN2A, CDKN2B
Post-translational protein modification54.6×0.026MEPE, APOA5, CDKN2A, ADAMTS8, APOE
Diseases of Cellular Senescence1181.3×0.031CDKN2A
Evasion of Oncogene Induced Senescence Due to p16INK4A Defects1181.3×0.031CDKN2A
Evasion of Oncogene Induced Senescence Due to Defective p16INK4A binding to CDK4 and CDK61181.3×0.031CDKN2A
Evasion of Oxidative Stress Induced Senescence Due to p16INK4A Defects1181.3×0.031CDKN2A
Evasion of Oxidative Stress Induced Senescence Due to Defective p16INK4A binding to CDK4 and CDK61181.3×0.031CDKN2A

GO biological processes by enrichment

Over-representation of cohort genes vs the genome-wide background (hypergeometric test, Benjamini-Hochberg FDR; fold = observed/expected over 31 annotated cohort genes). Counts and members are kept as ground-truth; sorted by enrichment.

GO termCohort genesFoldFDRSample cohort genes
cholesterol homeostasis525.2×7e-04APOA5, PCSK9, LDAH, APOE, LDLR
positive regulation of low-density lipoprotein particle receptor catabolic process2362.4×0.002PCSK9, APOE
negative regulation of receptor recycling2217.4×0.002PCSK9, LDLR
very-low-density lipoprotein particle clearance2217.4×0.002APOA5, APOE
acylglycerol homeostasis2217.4×0.002APOA5, APOE
positive regulation of lysosomal protein catabolic process2217.4×0.002LDLR, LRP1
cholesterol metabolic process425.3×0.002APOA5, PCSK9, APOE, LDLR
triglyceride metabolic process342.9×0.003APOA5, PCSK9, APOE
high-density lipoprotein particle clearance2155.3×0.003APOE, LDLR
lipoprotein catabolic process2155.3×0.003APOE, LDLR
regulation of protein metabolic process2135.9×0.003APOE, LDLR
negative regulation of protein metabolic process2135.9×0.003APOE, LDLR
amyloid-beta clearance by cellular catabolic process2135.9×0.003LDLR, LRP1
positive regulation of amyloid-beta clearance2135.9×0.003APOE, LRP1
negative regulation of MAPK cascade329.1×0.005TRIB1, DAB2IP, APOE
negative regulation of low-density lipoprotein particle clearance298.8×0.005PCSK9, LDLR
negative regulation of smooth muscle cell migration298.8×0.005TRIB1, LRP1
response to caloric restriction298.8×0.005APOE, LDLR
negative regulation of amyloid fibril formation283.6×0.007APOE, LDLR
phospholipid efflux272.5×0.008APOA5, APOE
regulation of cholesterol metabolic process272.5×0.008APOE, LDLR
receptor-mediated endocytosis321.5×0.008APOE, LDLR, LRP1
lipoprotein metabolic process260.4×0.010APOA5, PCSK9
amyloid-beta clearance260.4×0.010LDLR, LRP1
synaptic transmission, cholinergic251.8×0.013CHRNA3, APOE
positive regulation of endocytosis251.8×0.013APOE, LRP1
negative regulation of endothelial cell migration249.4×0.013DAB2IP, APOE
negative regulation of cell population proliferation56.8×0.013DAB2IP, CDKN2A, CDKN2B, SMYD2, ADAMTS8
regulation of protein-containing complex assembly247.3×0.014DAB2IP, APOE
lysosomal transport245.3×0.015PCSK9, LRP1

Therapeutics

Drugs indicated for this disease

0 approved, 1 in late-stage (phase 3) trials. Disease-direct ChEMBL indications, not inferred from the associated-gene cohort below.

DrugDevelopment status
Tranexamic AcidPhase 3 (in late-stage trials)

Earlier-phase candidates (phase 2, investigational — efficacy not yet established): Amlodipine, Canakinumab, Cyclosporine, Metformin, Pemirolast, Perindopril, Ticagrelor.

Drug target analysis

Approved (phase 4): 4 · Phase ≥3: 5 · Phased (≥1): 5 · Undrugged: 31

Druggability breadth: 15 of 36 evidence-associated genes (42%) have a ChEMBL target (buckets above are over the deeply-mined display cohort).

Genes with an approved drug

The molecule shown is one approved compound that hits the gene — not necessarily a drug of choice or one indicated for this disease.

SymbolExample approved molecule
CHRNA3VARENICLINE
PCSK9NILOTINIB
LDLRNILOTINIB
MMP9CHLOROXINE

Top cohort targets by molecule count

SymbolMoleculesMax phase
MMP9264
CHRNA3214
SORT113
PCSK914
LDLR14
ZPR100
MEPE00
ZNF33500
FERMT100
ABHD16B00

Drugs targeting cohort genes (top 30)

MoleculeMax phaseTargets in cohort
VARENICLINE4CHRNA3
MECAMYLAMINE4CHRNA3
NICOTINE4CHRNA3
ONDANSETRON4CHRNA3
TROPISETRON4CHRNA3
ACETYLCHOLINE4CHRNA3
BUPROPION4CHRNA3
GRANISETRON4CHRNA3
NILOTINIB4LDLR, PCSK9
CHLOROXINE4MMP9
BUDESONIDE4MMP9
PRAZOSIN4MMP9
ZOLEDRONIC ACID4MMP9
SECOBARBITAL4MMP9
DACARBAZINE4MMP9
CHLORHEXIDINE4MMP9
ECONAZOLE4MMP9
BUSULFAN4MMP9
REMINERTANT3SORT1
DEXMECAMYLAMINE3CHRNA3
CYTISINICLINE3CHRNA3
CURCUMIN3MMP9
CAFFEIC ACID3MMP9
MARIMASTAT3MMP9
QUERCETIN3MMP9
PRINOMASTAT3MMP9
ALTINICLINE2CHRNA3
RADAFAXINE2CHRNA3
ANABASEINE2CHRNA3
STILONIUM IODIDE2CHRNA3

Bioactivity and enzyme data

Enzyme cohort genes (≥1 EC): 2.

Cohort genes with ChEMBL bioactivity (full, sorted by assay count)

SymbolAssaysType breakdown
MMP9713Binding:685, ADMET:20, Functional:8
CHRNA3436Binding:343, Functional:91, ADMET:2
PCSK9202Binding:201, ADMET:1
SMYD2148Binding:148
LDLR55Binding:54, Functional:1
SORT117Binding:15, ADMET:2
ERG14Binding:10, Functional:3, ADMET:1
DAB2IP8Binding:8
IL6R5Binding:5
FERMT12Binding:2
CDKN2A2Binding:2
PCIF11Binding:1
TRIB11Binding:1
ANKRD441Binding:1

Cohort enzymes (BRENDA EC)

SymbolEC numbersNames
PCSK93.4.21.61Kexin
MMP93.4.24.35gelatinase B

Cohort genes with high screening signal

≥100 ChEMBL assays — a studied-ness signal; see Therapeutics for approved-drug status.

SymbolChEMBL assays
CHRNA3436
PCSK9202
SMYD2148
MMP9713

Pharmacogenomics

Cohort genes with a PharmGKB record: 35; with CPIC/DPWG dosing guidelines: 0.

No cohort gene has a CPIC/DPWG genotype-guided dosing guideline (PharmGKB).

Chemical tractability of cohort targets

29 approved/phased compounds have measured bioactivity against a cohort gene (and aren’t yet in disease-level trials). This is a research / tractability signal, NOT a therapeutic recommendation — a bioactivity row often reflects off-target or screening binding (e.g. promiscuous kinase inhibitors against a cohort kinase), implying no disease mechanism.

CompoundMax phaseCohort target (bioactivity)
VARENICLINE4CHRNA3
MECAMYLAMINE4CHRNA3
NICOTINE4CHRNA3
ONDANSETRON4CHRNA3
TROPISETRON4CHRNA3
ACETYLCHOLINE4CHRNA3
BUPROPION4CHRNA3
GRANISETRON4CHRNA3
NILOTINIB4LDLR, PCSK9
CHLOROXINE4MMP9
BUDESONIDE4MMP9
PRAZOSIN4MMP9
ZOLEDRONIC ACID4MMP9
SECOBARBITAL4MMP9
DACARBAZINE4MMP9
CHLORHEXIDINE4MMP9
ECONAZOLE4MMP9
BUSULFAN4MMP9
REMINERTANT3SORT1
DEXMECAMYLAMINE3CHRNA3
CYTISINICLINE3CHRNA3
CAFFEIC ACID3MMP9
MARIMASTAT3MMP9
QUERCETIN3MMP9
PRINOMASTAT3MMP9
ALTINICLINE2CHRNA3
RADAFAXINE2CHRNA3
ANABASEINE2CHRNA3
STILONIUM IODIDE2CHRNA3

Druggability pyramid

Cohort genes binned by druggability tier (high → low):

TierDefinitionGenesSymbols
AApproved (phase 4 drug)4CHRNA3, PCSK9, LDLR, MMP9
BPhased (≥1) drug, not yet approved1SORT1
CDruggable family + PDB, no drug3TRIB1, IL6R, LPA
DDruggable family + AlphaFold only, no drug2ADAMTS8, CELSR2
EDifficult family or no structure, no drug26ZPR1, MEPE, ZNF335, FERMT1, ABHD16B, PCIF1, APOA5, DAB2IP, CDKN2A, CDKN2B (+16 more)

Undrugged target profiles

31 cohort genes are undrugged. Ranked by ‘starting-point quality’ (assay depth + drugged-partner adjacency).

SymbolChEMBL assaysDrugged partners (top 3)
PSRC10SORT1, PCSK9
CELSR20SORT1, PCSK9
SMYD2148
ZPR10
MEPE0
ZNF3350
FERMT12
ABHD16B0
PCIF11
TRIB11
APOA50
DAB2IP8
CDKN2A2
CDKN2B0
SCGB1D10
ADAMTS80
CTAGE10
CRISPLD20
ANKRD441
LDAH0
CDPF10
CDKN2B-AS10
ERG14
FBN10
GDF70
LINC005400
IL6R5
APOE0
LPA0
LRP10

Clinical trials & evidence

Clinical trials

Clinical trials: 262.

Phase distribution (across all retrieved trials)

PhaseTrials
Not specified228
PHASE29
PHASE17
PHASE45
EARLY_PHASE15
PHASE2/PHASE34
PHASE33
PHASE1/PHASE21

Top trials by phase / activity

NCTPhaseStatusTitle
NCT00662480PHASE4UNKNOWNRandomized Preventive Vascular Screening Trial of 65-74 Year Old Men in the Central Region of Denmark
NCT01062802PHASE4COMPLETEDStatin Use in Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Repair
NCT01683084PHASE4COMPLETEDStudy of the Effectiveness of Telmisartan in Slowing the Progression of Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms
NCT03231397PHASE4TERMINATEDPredictors of AAA Expansion and/or Rupture
NCT04061798PHASE4TERMINATEDACT Guided Heparinization During Open Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Repair.
NCT06001918PHASE2/PHASE3RECRUITINGNectero EAST System Clinical Study
NCT00233688PHASE3COMPLETEDStudy of the Endovascular QUANTUM LP™ Stent Graft System in Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms (AAA)
NCT00442065PHASE2/PHASE3COMPLETEDARBITER-II: Aorfix™ Bifurcated Safety and Performance Trial: Phase II, Angulated Vessels
NCT01225094PHASE2/PHASE3COMPLETEDCurcumin to Prevent Complications After Elective Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm (AAA) Repair
NCT01368679PHASE3WITHDRAWNA Clinical Study to Evaluate the Safety and Performance of the Modular AAA Stent-Graft System
NCT02125890PHASE3COMPLETEDEffect of Tranexamic Acid in Ruptured Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms
NCT03507413PHASE2/PHASE3UNKNOWNMetformin Therapy in Non-diabetic AAA Patients
NCT04500756PHASE2RECRUITINGLimiting AAA With Metformin (LIMIT) Trial
NCT00235118PHASE1/PHASE2COMPLETEDCordis Bilateral AAA Device Compared to Open Surgical Repair of Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms (ARIBA)
NCT00246038PHASE2WITHDRAWNThe Boston Scientific ENOVUS Trial
NCT00610090PHASE2TERMINATEDSafety Study for the Treatment of Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms
NCT01118520PHASE2COMPLETEDAARDVARK (Aortic Aneurysmal Regression of Dilation: Value of ACE-Inhibition on RisK)
NCT01354184PHASE2COMPLETEDCRD007 for the Treatment of Abdominal Aorta Aneurysm (The AORTA Trial)
NCT02007252PHASE2TERMINATEDACZ885 for the Treatment of Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm
NCT02022436PHASE2COMPLETEDEvaluation of Predictors of Aortic Aneurysm Growth and Rupture
NCT02070653PHASE2COMPLETEDThe Efficacy of Ticagrelor on Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm (AAA) Expansion
NCT04224051PHASE2UNKNOWNMetformin for Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Growth Inhibition
NCT00646048PHASE1COMPLETEDA Phase I Evaluation of the Safety of the TriVascular Stent-Graft System in the Treatment of Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms
NCT01082185PHASE1COMPLETEDSouth American Abdominal Stent Graft Trial
NCT01328197PHASE1COMPLETEDTreovance Stent-Graft With Navitel Delivery System for Patients With Infrarenal Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms
NCT01346943PHASE1UNKNOWNThe Altura Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm (AAA) Endograft Safety and Feasibility Study
NCT02295137PHASE1UNKNOWNImage Fusion of Preprocedural CTA With Real Time Fluoroscopy to Enhance EVAR Repair
NCT02469376PHASE1TERMINATEDEvaluation of a New Imagingtechnologie for Thrombosis
NCT02846883PHASE1TERMINATEDSafety and Efficacy of Allogeneic MSCs in Promoting T-regulatory Cells in Patients With Small Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms
NCT06081153EARLY_PHASE1NOT_YET_RECRUITINGMechanistic Clinical Trial of PCSK9 Inhibition for AAA
NCT07473102EARLY_PHASE1RECRUITINGPET Imaging of MMP Activation in AAA: Clinical Component
NCT01882634EARLY_PHASE1COMPLETEDScreening Programme for Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm by Hand-Held-Ultrasonography in Primary Health Care
NCT04586452EARLY_PHASE1COMPLETEDNIH CCR2 AAA Study
NCT04592991EARLY_PHASE1TERMINATEDCCR2 AAA Pilot Study
NCT01248533Not specifiedENROLLING_BY_INVITATIONScreening for Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm in 65 Year Old Males in Oslo
NCT01538056Not specifiedRECRUITINGPhysician Modified Endovascular Grafts
NCT02009644Not specifiedACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITINGClinical Study of the Treovance Stent-Graft for Patients With Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms
NCT02387255Not specifiedRECRUITINGMagnetic Resonance Elastography in Patients With Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms
NCT02548546Not specifiedRECRUITINGEstimation of Biomechanical Aortic Wall Properties in Healthy and Aneurysmal Aortas Using Novel Imaging Techniques
NCT03180996Not specifiedACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITINGGlobal Fenestrated Anaconda Clinical STudy

Drugs tested across these trials (top 30)

MoleculeMax phaseTrials referencing
ATORVASTATIN41
CANAKINUMAB41
EVOLOCUMAB41
FLUORODOPA F 1841
IODIXANOL41
PERINDOPRIL ARGININE41
TELMISARTAN41
CURCUMIN31
CHEMBL458734301
CHEMBL143419601