Alzheimer disease 17

Summary

Alzheimer disease 17 (MONDO:0014036) is a disease caused by TREM2 (GenCC Strong), with 1 cohort gene and 2 clinical trials.

At a glance

• Causal gene: TREM2 (GenCC Strong)
• Cohort genes: 1
• Clinical trials: 2

Clinical features

No curated clinical features (Orphanet) for this disease.

Identifiers

Disease identifiers

Field	Value
Canonical name	Alzheimer disease 17
Mondo ID	MONDO:0014036
OMIM	615080
DOID	DOID:0110049
UMLS	C3554452
MedGen	767366
GARD	0027854
Is cancer (heuristic)	no

Also known as: AD17 · Alzheimer disease 17 · Alzheimer’s disease 17 · Alzheimer’s disease type 17

Data availability: 1 GenCC gene-disease record · 22 cell lines.

Disease family

Classification path: disease › human disease › disease by developmental or physiological process › psychiatric disorder › cognitive disorder › dementia › Alzheimer disease › Alzheimer disease 17

Related subtypes (4): Alzheimer disease 16, Alzheimer disease 18, Alzheimer disease 19, familial Alzheimer disease

Genetics & variants

GWAS landscape

No GWAS associations recorded — common-variant (GWAS) studies don’t cover this disease (typical for Mendelian / rare diseases). See the curated gene cohort and Mendelian overlap below.

Variant details and genetic-evidence tiers

No tiered GWAS variants or ClinVar records for this disease.

Genes & proteins

Mendelian disease overlap and somatic drivers

GenCC: 6 · Orphanet: 6 · OMIM-shared: 0 · Dual-evidence (GWAS+Mendelian): 0

GenCC gene–disease validity (cohort genes)

the Disease column is the GenCC-asserted condition — a cohort gene’s strongest validity may be for a related predisposition syndrome.

Gene	Classification	Inheritance	Disease	Records
TREM2	Strong	Autosomal recessive	Alzheimer disease 17	6

Orphanet rare-disease linkage (cohort genes)

Gene	Orphanet ID	Rare disease
TREM2	Orphanet:100069	Semantic dementia
TREM2	Orphanet:100070	Progressive non-fluent aphasia
TREM2	Orphanet:1020	Early-onset autosomal dominant Alzheimer disease
TREM2	Orphanet:275864	Behavioral variant of frontotemporal dementia
TREM2	Orphanet:2770	Nasu-Hakola disease
TREM2	Orphanet:803	Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

Cohort genes → proteins

1 cohort genes, 1 distinct canonical proteins.

Evidence partition

Subset	Genes
multi_evidence	1

Cohort genes (full)

Symbol	HGNC	Ensembl	UniProt	Name	Evidence
TREM2	HGNC:17761	ENSG00000095970	Q9NZC2	Triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2	gencc

Cohort function summary

Lead sentence per gene, UniProt-curated.

Symbol	Protein name	Function (lead sentence)
TREM2	Triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2	Forms a receptor signaling complex with TYROBP which mediates signaling and cell activation following ligand binding.

Protein-family classification

Druggable: 1 · Difficult: 0 · Unknown: 0 · Druggable fraction: 1.0

Family distribution

Cohort families vs a genome-wide background (hypergeometric, BH-FDR; fold = observed/expected). Counts kept; sorted by enrichment, so the catch-all Other/Unknown bucket no longer leads.

Family	Genes	Fold	FDR
Antibody/Immunoglobulin	1	29.2×	0.034

Per-gene assignment

Symbol	Family	Druggable?	EC	InterPro (top 3)
TREM2	Antibody/Immunoglobulin	yes		Ig_V-set, Ig-like_fold, Ig-like_dom_sf

Expression context

Cohort genes with no expression data: 0.

1 cohort gene are a single-cell marker in ≥1 SCXA experiment.

Breadth distribution (Bgee present_calls)

Bucket	Genes
narrow (1-5 tissues)	0
moderate (6-20)	0
broad (>20)	1
unknown	0

Top tissues across cohort

Tissue	Cohort genes
C1 segment of cervical spinal cord	1
amniotic fluid	1
spinal cord	1

Per-gene tissue summary (top 30)

Symbol	Bgee breadth	FANTOM5 breadth	SCXA	Top tissues
TREM2	186	broad	marker	C1 segment of cervical spinal cord, spinal cord, amniotic fluid

Protein interactions among cohort

Intra-cohort edges: 0.

Hub genes (top 10 by interactor count)

Symbol	Interactor count
TREM2	2,354

Structural data

PDB: 1 · AlphaFold-only: 0 · No structure: 0

Cohort genes with PDB structures (top 30)

Symbol	UniProt	PDB entries
TREM2	Q9NZC2	15

Function

Pathway analysis

Distinct Reactome pathways touched by cohort: 4. Enrichment computed across 1 evidence-associated genes (1 with Reactome annotation).

Pathways by enrichment

Over-representation of cohort genes vs the genome-wide background (hypergeometric test, Benjamini-Hochberg FDR; fold = observed/expected over 1 annotated cohort genes). Counts and members are kept as ground-truth; sorted by enrichment.

Pathway	Cohort genes	Fold	FDR	Sample cohort genes
Other semaphorin interactions	1	601.0×	0.004	TREM2
DAP12 interactions	1	475.8×	0.004	TREM2
DAP12 signaling	1	368.4×	0.004	TREM2
Immunoregulatory interactions between a Lymphoid and a non-Lymphoid cell	1	87.2×	0.011	TREM2

GO biological processes by enrichment

Over-representation of cohort genes vs the genome-wide background (hypergeometric test, Benjamini-Hochberg FDR; fold = observed/expected over 1 annotated cohort genes). Counts and members are kept as ground-truth; sorted by enrichment.

GO term	Cohort genes	Fold	FDR	Sample cohort genes
detection of peptidoglycan	1	16852.0×	5e-04	TREM2
regulation of toll-like receptor 6 signaling pathway	1	16852.0×	5e-04	TREM2
positive regulation of complement activation, classical pathway	1	16852.0×	5e-04	TREM2
detection of lipoteichoic acid	1	16852.0×	5e-04	TREM2
regulation of macrophage inflammatory protein 1 alpha production	1	16852.0×	5e-04	TREM2
import into cell	1	16852.0×	5e-04	TREM2
regulation of hippocampal neuron apoptotic process	1	16852.0×	5e-04	TREM2
regulation of plasma membrane bounded cell projection organization	1	16852.0×	5e-04	TREM2
positive regulation of C-C chemokine receptor CCR7 signaling pathway	1	16852.0×	5e-04	TREM2
excitatory synapse pruning	1	16852.0×	5e-04	TREM2
positive regulation of synapse pruning	1	16852.0×	5e-04	TREM2
positive regulation of CD40 signaling pathway	1	16852.0×	5e-04	TREM2
positive regulation of antigen processing and presentation of peptide antigen via MHC class II	1	8426.0×	8e-04	TREM2
negative regulation of cell activation	1	8426.0×	8e-04	TREM2
positive regulation of engulfment of apoptotic cell	1	8426.0×	8e-04	TREM2
negative regulation of triglyceride storage	1	5617.3×	9e-04	TREM2
positive regulation of high-density lipoprotein particle clearance	1	5617.3×	9e-04	TREM2
negative regulation of astrocyte activation	1	5617.3×	9e-04	TREM2
negative regulation of macrophage colony-stimulating factor signaling pathway	1	5617.3×	9e-04	TREM2
negative regulation of autophagic cell death	1	5617.3×	9e-04	TREM2
positive regulation of CAMKK-AMPK signaling cascade	1	5617.3×	9e-04	TREM2
respiratory burst after phagocytosis	1	4213.0×	0.001	TREM2
complement-mediated synapse pruning	1	4213.0×	0.001	TREM2
positive regulation of low-density lipoprotein particle clearance	1	4213.0×	0.001	TREM2
microglial cell activation involved in immune response	1	3370.4×	0.001	TREM2
detection of lipopolysaccharide	1	3370.4×	0.001	TREM2
positive regulation of macrophage fusion	1	3370.4×	0.001	TREM2
CXCL12-activated CXCR4 signaling pathway	1	3370.4×	0.001	TREM2
cellular response to lipoprotein particle stimulus	1	3370.4×	0.001	TREM2
regulation of oxidative stress-induced neuron intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway	1	3370.4×	0.001	TREM2

Therapeutics

Drug target analysis

Approved (phase 4): 0 · Phase ≥3: 0 · Phased (≥1): 0 · Undrugged: 1

Druggability breadth: 1 of 1 evidence-associated genes (100%) have a ChEMBL target (buckets above are over the deeply-mined display cohort).

Top cohort targets by molecule count

Symbol	Molecules	Max phase
TREM2	0	0

Bioactivity and enzyme data

Enzyme cohort genes (≥1 EC): 0.

Cohort genes with ChEMBL bioactivity (full, sorted by assay count)

Symbol	Assays	Type breakdown
TREM2	1	Binding:1

Pharmacogenomics

Cohort genes with a PharmGKB record: 1; with CPIC/DPWG dosing guidelines: 0.

No cohort gene has a CPIC/DPWG genotype-guided dosing guideline (PharmGKB).

Chemical tractability of cohort targets

0 approved/phased compounds have measured bioactivity against a cohort gene (and aren’t yet in disease-level trials). This is a research / tractability signal, NOT a therapeutic recommendation — a bioactivity row often reflects off-target or screening binding (e.g. promiscuous kinase inhibitors against a cohort kinase), implying no disease mechanism.

Druggability pyramid

Cohort genes binned by druggability tier (high → low):

Tier	Definition	Genes	Symbols
A	Approved (phase 4 drug)	0
B	Phased (≥1) drug, not yet approved	0
C	Druggable family + PDB, no drug	1	TREM2
D	Druggable family + AlphaFold only, no drug	0
E	Difficult family or no structure, no drug	0

Undrugged target profiles

1 cohort genes are undrugged. Ranked by ‘starting-point quality’ (assay depth + drugged-partner adjacency).

Symbol	ChEMBL assays	Drugged partners (top 3)
TREM2	1	—

Clinical trials & evidence

Clinical trials

Clinical trials: 2.

Phase distribution (across all retrieved trials)

Phase	Trials
Not specified	2

Top trials by phase / activity

NCT	Phase	Status	Title
NCT05637801	Not specified	ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING	A Pivotal Study of Sensory Stimulation in Alzheimer’s Disease (HOPE Study)
NCT04100889	Not specified	WITHDRAWN	A Non-Interventional Pilot Study to Explore the Role of Gut Flora in Alzheimer’s Disease