Amelocerebrohypohidrotic syndrome
disease diseaseOn this page
Also known as epilepsy dementia amelogenesis imperfectaepilepsy-dementia-amelogenesis imperfecta syndromeKohlschutter Tonz syndromeKOHLSCHUTTER-Tonz syndromeKTZS
Summary
Amelocerebrohypohidrotic syndrome (MONDO:0009185) is a disease caused by ROGDI (GenCC Definitive), with 3 cohort genes and 2 clinical trials.
At a glance
- Prevalence: <1 / 1 000 000 (Worldwide) [Orphanet-validated]
- Causal gene: ROGDI (GenCC Definitive)
- Cohort genes: 3
- ClinVar variants: 602
- Phenotypes (HPO): 14
- Clinical trials: 2
Clinical features
Epidemiology
Prevalence records
1 prevalence record(s), Orphanet:
| Type | Class | Value | Geography | Validation |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Point prevalence | <1 / 1 000 000 | Worldwide | Validated |
Signs & symptoms
Clinical features (HPO)
14 HPO clinical features (Orphanet curated; top 14 by frequency):
| HPO ID | Term | Frequency |
|---|---|---|
| HP:0001250 | Seizure | Very frequent (80-99%) |
| HP:0001257 | Spasticity | Very frequent (80-99%) |
| HP:0001268 | Mental deterioration | Very frequent (80-99%) |
| HP:0002353 | EEG abnormality | Very frequent (80-99%) |
| HP:0002376 | Developmental regression | Very frequent (80-99%) |
| HP:0006286 | Yellow-brown discoloration of the teeth | Very frequent (80-99%) |
| HP:0011073 | Abnormality of dental color | Very frequent (80-99%) |
| HP:0000682 | Abnormality of dental enamel | Very frequent (80-99%) |
| HP:0000705 | Amelogenesis imperfecta | Very frequent (80-99%) |
| HP:0000726 | Dementia | Very frequent (80-99%) |
| HP:0010864 | Intellectual disability, severe | Very frequent (80-99%) |
| HP:0000966 | Hypohidrosis | Frequent (30-79%) |
| HP:0000238 | Hydrocephalus | Occasional (5-29%) |
| HP:0004322 | Short stature | Occasional (5-29%) |
Identifiers
Disease identifiers
| Field | Value |
|---|---|
| Canonical name | amelocerebrohypohidrotic syndrome |
| Mondo ID | MONDO:0009185 |
| MeSH | C537213 |
| OMIM | 226750 |
| Orphanet | 1946 |
| DOID | DOID:0111668 |
| SNOMED CT | 109478007 |
| UMLS | C0406740 |
| MedGen | 98036 |
| GARD | 0003128 |
| Is cancer (heuristic) | no |
Also known as: amelocerebrohypohidrotic syndrome · epilepsy dementia amelogenesis imperfecta · epilepsy-dementia-amelogenesis imperfecta syndrome · Kohlschutter Tonz syndrome · KOHLSCHUTTER-Tonz syndrome · Kohlschutter-Tonz syndrome · KTZS
Data availability: 602 ClinVar variants · 6 GenCC gene-disease records.
Disease family
Classification path: disease › human disease › disease by body system or component › syndromic disease › ectodermal dysplasia syndrome › amelocerebrohypohidrotic syndrome
Related subtypes (119): ADULT syndrome, autosomal dominant palmoplantar keratoderma and congenital alopecia, ameloonychohypohidrotic syndrome, ankyloblepharon-ectodermal defects-cleft lip/palate syndrome, anonychia with flexural pigmentation, Böök syndrome, blepharocheilodontic syndrome, Stern-Lubinsky-Durrie syndrome, dermatopathia pigmentosa reticularis, dermo-odonto dysplasia, Rapp-Hodgkin syndrome, Clouston syndrome, ectodermal dysplasia, trichoodontoonychial type, gingival fibromatosis-hypertrichosis syndrome, hypertrichosis cubiti-short stature syndrome, Johnson neuroectodermal syndrome, Marshall syndrome, Naegeli-Franceschetti-Jadassohn syndrome, oculodentodigital dysplasia, Cronkhite-Canada syndrome, scalp-ear-nipple syndrome, tooth and nail syndrome, tricho-dento-osseous syndrome, tricho-retino-dento-digital syndrome, acrofacial dysostosis, Weyers type, Ackerman syndrome, alopecia - contractures - dwarfism - intellectual disability syndrome, AREDYLD syndrome, Barber-Say syndrome, oculoosteocutaneous syndrome, cataract-hypertrichosis-intellectual disability syndrome, autosomal recessive palmoplantar keratoderma and congenital alopecia, cerebellar ataxia-ectodermal dysplasia syndrome, cranioectodermal dysplasia, conductive deafness-ptosis-skeletal anomalies syndrome, dermatoosteolysis, Kirghizian type, Dubowitz syndrome, ectodermal dysplasia-sensorineural deafness syndrome, ectodermal dysplasia-intellectual disability-central nervous system malformation syndrome, hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia-hypothyroidism-ciliary dyskinesia syndrome, cleft lip/palate-ectodermal dysplasia syndrome, EEM syndrome, Ellis-van Creveld syndrome, GAPO syndrome, ichthyosis-alopecia-eclabion-ectropion-intellectual disability syndrome, Leukomelanoderma-infantilism-intellectual disability-hypodontia-hypotrichosis syndrome, Dahlberg-Borer-Newcomer syndrome, cartilage-hair hypoplasia, oculotrichodysplasia, pilodental dysplasia-refractive errors syndrome, Bartsocas-Papas syndrome 1, ectodermal dysplasia-blindness syndrome, Schinzel-Giedion syndrome, Teebi-Shaltout syndrome, taurodontia-absent teeth-sparse hair syndrome, odontotrichomelic syndrome, trichomegaly-retina pigmentary degeneration-dwarfism syndrome, trichoodontoonychial dysplasia, CHIME syndrome, anhidrotic ectodermal dysplasia-immunodeficiency-osteopetrosis-lymphedema syndrome, Ito hypomelanosis, contractures-ectodermal dysplasia-cleft lip/palate syndrome, incontinentia pigmenti, Toriello-Lacassie-Droste syndrome, odontomicronychial dysplasia, ectodermal dysplasia with natal teeth, Turnpenny type, hidrotic ectodermal dysplasia, Christianson-Fourie type, trichodental syndrome, congenital hypotrichosis with juvenile macular dystrophy, tricho-oculo-dermo-vertebral syndrome, odonto-tricho-ungual-digito-palmar syndrome, Fried’s tooth and nail syndrome, limb-mammary syndrome, epidermolysis bullosa simplex due to plakophilin deficiency, arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy with wooly hair and keratoderma, Curly hair - acral keratoderma - caries syndrome, hypotrichosis-osteolysis-periodontitis-palmoplantar keratoderma syndrome, Lelis syndrome, Fontaine progeroid syndrome, ectodermal dysplasia-syndactyly syndrome, ectodermal dysplasia 5, hair/nail type, nail and teeth abnormalities-marginal palmoplantar keratoderma-oral hyperpigmentation syndrome, ectodermal dysplasia 12, hypohidrotic/hair/tooth/nail type, cardiofaciocutaneous syndrome, choroidal atrophy-alopecia syndrome, dyskeratosis congenita, hidrotic ectodermal dysplasia, Halal type, hypertrichosis lanuginosa congenita, hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia, odonto-onycho dysplasia-alopecia syndrome, pili torti-onychodysplasia syndrome, chondroectodermal dysplasia with night blindness, trichorhinophalangeal syndrome, trichothiodystrophy, trichodermodysplasia-dental alterations syndrome, autosomal dominant trichoodontoonychodysplasia-syndactyly, focal facial dermal dysplasia, KID syndrome, pure hair and nail ectodermal dysplasia, circumscribed palmoplantar hypokeratosis, trichodysplasia-amelogenesis imperfecta syndrome, dermotrichic syndrome, alves Castelo dos Santos syndrome, Brunoni syndrome, ectodermal dysplasia Bartalos type, ectodermal dysplasia margarita type, ectodermal dysplasia alopecia preaxial polydactyly, ectodermal dysplasia arthrogryposis diabetes mellitus, ectodermal dysplasia blindness, ectodermal dysplasia neurosensory deafness, ectodermal dysplasia 14, hair/tooth type with or without hypohidrosis, ectodermal dysplasia 15, hypohidrotic/hair type, linear hypopigmentation and craniofacial asymmetry with acral, ocular and brain anomalies, jones hersh yusk syndrome, ectodermal dysplasia 13, hair/tooth type, arthrogryposis-ectodermal dysplasia-other anomalies syndrome, ectodermal dysplasia WNT10A related, CTSC-related disorder, ectodermal dysplasia 17 with or without limb malformations
Genetics & variants
GWAS landscape
No GWAS associations recorded — common-variant (GWAS) studies don’t cover this disease (typical for Mendelian / rare diseases). See the curated gene cohort and Mendelian overlap below.
Variant details and genetic-evidence tiers
ClinVar germline variants
600 retrieved; paginated sample, class counts are floors:
266 likely benign, 240 uncertain significance, 29 pathogenic, 19 conflicting classifications of pathogenicity, 18 benign, 16 likely pathogenic, 9 benign/likely benign, 3 pathogenic/likely pathogenic
| ClinVar | Variant (HGVS) | Gene | Classification | Review |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1069190 | NM_024589.3(ROGDI):c.402C>A (p.Tyr134Ter) | ROGDI | Pathogenic | criteria provided, single submitter |
| 1072900 | NM_024589.3(ROGDI):c.652dup (p.Arg218fs) | ROGDI | Pathogenic | criteria provided, single submitter |
| 1378437 | NM_024589.3(ROGDI):c.52G>T (p.Glu18Ter) | ROGDI | Pathogenic | criteria provided, single submitter |
| 1418819 | NM_024589.3(ROGDI):c.103C>T (p.Gln35Ter) | ROGDI | Pathogenic | criteria provided, single submitter |
| 1453406 | NM_024589.3(ROGDI):c.581_593del (p.Ile194fs) | ROGDI | Pathogenic | criteria provided, single submitter |
| 1453951 | NM_024589.3(ROGDI):c.250C>T (p.Gln84Ter) | ROGDI | Pathogenic | criteria provided, single submitter |
| 1454706 | NM_024589.3(ROGDI):c.613C>T (p.Gln205Ter) | ROGDI | Pathogenic | criteria provided, single submitter |
| 1965952 | NM_024589.3(ROGDI):c.208C>T (p.Gln70Ter) | ROGDI | Pathogenic | criteria provided, single submitter |
| 1997122 | NM_024589.3(ROGDI):c.232C>T (p.Gln78Ter) | ROGDI | Pathogenic | criteria provided, single submitter |
| 2024107 | NM_024589.3(ROGDI):c.169A>T (p.Lys57Ter) | ROGDI | Pathogenic | criteria provided, single submitter |
| 2871016 | NM_024589.3(ROGDI):c.331C>T (p.Gln111Ter) | ROGDI | Pathogenic | criteria provided, single submitter |
| 2912225 | NM_024589.3(ROGDI):c.152dup (p.Thr52fs) | ROGDI | Pathogenic | criteria provided, single submitter |
| 3000675 | NM_024589.3(ROGDI):c.-3_45+8del | ROGDI | Pathogenic | criteria provided, single submitter |
| 31225 | NM_024589.3(ROGDI):c.229_230del (p.Leu77fs) | ROGDI | Pathogenic | criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts |
| 31226 | NM_024589.3(ROGDI):c.286C>T (p.Gln96Ter) | ROGDI | Pathogenic | criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts |
| 31228 | NM_024589.3(ROGDI):c.532-2A>T | ROGDI | Pathogenic | criteria provided, single submitter |
| 31229 | NM_024589.3(ROGDI):c.469C>T (p.Arg157Ter) | ROGDI | Pathogenic | criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts |
| 3243368 | NC_000016.10:g.(?4797440)(4802591_?)del | ROGDI | Pathogenic | criteria provided, single submitter |
| 3606336 | NM_024589.3(ROGDI):c.652del (p.Arg218fs) | ROGDI | Pathogenic | criteria provided, single submitter |
| 3775229 | NM_024589.3(ROGDI):c.646-2A>G | ROGDI | Pathogenic | criteria provided, single submitter |
| 3775797 | NM_024589.3(ROGDI):c.63G>A (p.Trp21Ter) | ROGDI | Pathogenic | criteria provided, single submitter |
| 41465 | NM_024589.3(ROGDI):c.507del (p.Glu170fs) | ROGDI | Pathogenic | criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts |
| 453294 | NM_024589.3(ROGDI):c.506_507dup (p.Glu170fs) | ROGDI | Pathogenic/Likely pathogenic | criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts |
| 461607 | NM_024589.3(ROGDI):c.340C>T (p.Gln114Ter) | ROGDI | Pathogenic | criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts |
| 4710243 | NM_024589.3(ROGDI):c.402C>G (p.Tyr134Ter) | ROGDI | Pathogenic | criteria provided, single submitter |
| 4725854 | NM_024589.3(ROGDI):c.71_72insT (p.Asp25fs) | ROGDI | Pathogenic | criteria provided, single submitter |
| 504177 | NM_024589.3(ROGDI):c.334C>T (p.Gln112Ter) | ROGDI | Pathogenic/Likely pathogenic | criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts |
| 530797 | NM_024589.3(ROGDI):c.665dup (p.Ala223fs) | ROGDI | Pathogenic | criteria provided, single submitter |
| 565630 | NM_024589.3(ROGDI):c.117+1G>A | ROGDI | Pathogenic/Likely pathogenic | criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts |
| 654553 | NM_024589.3(ROGDI):c.302_308dup (p.Glu104fs) | ROGDI | Pathogenic | criteria provided, single submitter |
Genes & proteins
Mendelian disease overlap and somatic drivers
GenCC: 11 · Orphanet: 3 · OMIM-shared: 0 · Dual-evidence (GWAS+Mendelian): 0
GenCC gene–disease validity (cohort genes)
the Disease column is the GenCC-asserted condition — a cohort gene’s strongest validity may be for a related predisposition syndrome.
| Gene | Classification | Inheritance | Disease | Records |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ROGDI | Definitive | Autosomal recessive | amelocerebrohypohidrotic syndrome | 5 |
| SLC13A5 | Supportive | Autosomal recessive | amelocerebrohypohidrotic syndrome | 6 |
Orphanet rare-disease linkage (cohort genes)
| Gene | Orphanet ID | Rare disease |
|---|---|---|
| ROGDI | Orphanet:1946 | Amelocerebrohypohidrotic syndrome |
| SLC13A5 | Orphanet:1946 | Amelocerebrohypohidrotic syndrome |
| SLC13A5 | Orphanet:442835 | Non-specific early-onset epileptic encephalopathy |
Cohort genes → proteins
3 cohort genes, 3 distinct canonical proteins.
Evidence partition
| Subset | Genes |
|---|---|
| multi_evidence | 3 |
Cohort genes (full)
| Symbol | HGNC | Ensembl | UniProt | Name | Evidence |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ROGDI | HGNC:29478 | ENSG00000067836 | Q9GZN7 | Protein rogdi homolog | gencc,clinvar |
| SLC13A5 | HGNC:23089 | ENSG00000141485 | Q86YT5 | Na(+)/citrate cotransporter | gencc |
| ADCY9 | HGNC:240 | ENSG00000162104 | O60503 | Adenylate cyclase type 9 | clinvar |
Cohort function summary
Lead sentence per gene, UniProt-curated.
| Symbol | Protein name | Function (lead sentence) |
|---|---|---|
| SLC13A5 | Na(+)/citrate cotransporter | High-affinity sodium/citrate cotransporter that mediates the entry of citrate into cells, which is a critical participant of biochemical pathways. |
| ADCY9 | Adenylate cyclase type 9 | Adenylyl cyclase that catalyzes the formation of the signaling molecule cAMP in response to activation of G protein-coupled receptors. |
Protein-family classification
Druggable: 0 · Difficult: 0 · Unknown: 3 · Druggable fraction: 0.0
Family distribution
Cohort families vs a genome-wide background (hypergeometric, BH-FDR; fold = observed/expected). Counts kept; sorted by enrichment, so the catch-all Other/Unknown bucket no longer leads.
| Family | Genes | Fold | FDR |
|---|---|---|---|
| Other/Unknown | 3 | 1.8× | 0.174 |
Per-gene assignment
| Symbol | Family | Druggable? | EC | InterPro (top 3) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ROGDI | Other/Unknown | no | RAVE2/Rogdi | |
| SLC13A5 | Other/Unknown | no | SLC13A/DASS, Na/sul_symport_CS | |
| ADCY9 | Other/Unknown | no | A/G_cyclase, A/G_cyclase_CS, Nucleotide_cyclase |
Expression context
Cohort genes with no expression data: 0.
2 cohort genes are a single-cell marker in ≥1 SCXA experiment.
Breadth distribution (Bgee present_calls)
| Bucket | Genes |
|---|---|
| narrow (1-5 tissues) | 0 |
| moderate (6-20) | 0 |
| broad (>20) | 3 |
| unknown | 0 |
Top tissues across cohort
| Tissue | Cohort genes |
|---|---|
| C1 segment of cervical spinal cord | 1 |
| cerebellar hemisphere | 1 |
| right hemisphere of cerebellum | 1 |
| liver | 1 |
| parotid gland | 1 |
| right lobe of liver | 1 |
| choroid plexus epithelium | 1 |
| secondary oocyte | 1 |
| vastus lateralis | 1 |
Per-gene tissue summary (top 30)
| Symbol | Bgee breadth | FANTOM5 breadth | SCXA | Top tissues |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ROGDI | 250 | ubiquitous | marker | right hemisphere of cerebellum, C1 segment of cervical spinal cord, cerebellar hemisphere |
| SLC13A5 | 148 | broad | yes | right lobe of liver, liver, parotid gland |
| ADCY9 | 296 | ubiquitous | marker | secondary oocyte, choroid plexus epithelium, vastus lateralis |
Protein interactions among cohort
Intra-cohort edges: 1.
Hub genes (top 10 by interactor count)
| Symbol | Interactor count |
|---|---|
| SLC13A5 | 1,574 |
| ADCY9 | 1,492 |
| ROGDI | 603 |
Intra-cohort edges
| A | B | Sources |
|---|---|---|
| ROGDI | SLC13A5 | string_interaction |
Structural data
PDB: 3 · AlphaFold-only: 0 · No structure: 0
Cohort genes with PDB structures (top 30)
| Symbol | UniProt | PDB entries |
|---|---|---|
| ADCY9 | O60503 | 6 |
| SLC13A5 | Q86YT5 | 4 |
| ROGDI | Q9GZN7 | 2 |
Function
Pathway analysis
Distinct Reactome pathways touched by cohort: 50. Enrichment computed across 3 evidence-associated genes (2 with Reactome annotation).
Pathways by enrichment
Over-representation of cohort genes vs the genome-wide background (hypergeometric test, Benjamini-Hochberg FDR; fold = observed/expected over 2 annotated cohort genes). Counts and members are kept as ground-truth; sorted by enrichment.
| Pathway | Cohort genes | Fold | FDR | Sample cohort genes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SLC-mediated transport of organic anions | 1 | 1903.3× | 0.014 | SLC13A5 |
| Sodium-coupled sulphate, di- and tri-carboxylate transporters | 1 | 1142.0× | 0.014 | SLC13A5 |
| Adenylate cyclase activating pathway | 1 | 571.0× | 0.014 | ADCY9 |
| Adenylate cyclase inhibitory pathway | 1 | 380.7× | 0.014 | ADCY9 |
| PKA activation in glucagon signalling | 1 | 335.9× | 0.014 | ADCY9 |
| PKA activation | 1 | 317.2× | 0.014 | ADCY9 |
| Activation of GABAB receptors | 1 | 300.5× | 0.014 | ADCY9 |
| PKA-mediated phosphorylation of CREB | 1 | 285.5× | 0.014 | ADCY9 |
| GABA B receptor activation | 1 | 271.9× | 0.014 | ADCY9 |
| Anti-inflammatory response favouring Leishmania parasite infection | 1 | 196.9× | 0.014 | ADCY9 |
| Leishmania parasite growth and survival | 1 | 196.9× | 0.014 | ADCY9 |
| Calmodulin induced events | 1 | 190.3× | 0.014 | ADCY9 |
| CaM pathway | 1 | 190.3× | 0.014 | ADCY9 |
| Ca-dependent events | 1 | 184.2× | 0.014 | ADCY9 |
| Aquaporin-mediated transport | 1 | 184.2× | 0.014 | ADCY9 |
| Glucagon signaling in metabolic regulation | 1 | 173.0× | 0.014 | ADCY9 |
| G-protein mediated events | 1 | 163.1× | 0.014 | ADCY9 |
| DAG and IP3 signaling | 1 | 158.6× | 0.014 | ADCY9 |
| GABA receptor activation | 1 | 158.6× | 0.014 | ADCY9 |
| Response of endothelial cells to shear stress | 1 | 150.3× | 0.014 | ADCY9 |
| FCGR3A-mediated IL10 synthesis | 1 | 146.4× | 0.014 | ADCY9 |
| Opioid Signalling | 1 | 132.8× | 0.014 | ADCY9 |
| PLC beta mediated events | 1 | 132.8× | 0.014 | ADCY9 |
| Vasopressin regulates renal water homeostasis via Aquaporins | 1 | 132.8× | 0.014 | ADCY9 |
| Cellular responses to mechanical stimuli | 1 | 129.8× | 0.014 | ADCY9 |
| ADORA2B mediated anti-inflammatory cytokines production | 1 | 126.9× | 0.014 | ADCY9 |
| GPER1 signaling | 1 | 124.1× | 0.014 | ADCY9 |
| Transport of small molecules | 2 | 25.1× | 0.014 | SLC13A5, ADCY9 |
| G alpha (z) signalling events | 1 | 116.5× | 0.015 | ADCY9 |
| Signaling by Hedgehog | 1 | 92.1× | 0.017 | ADCY9 |
GO biological processes by enrichment
Over-representation of cohort genes vs the genome-wide background (hypergeometric test, Benjamini-Hochberg FDR; fold = observed/expected over 3 annotated cohort genes). Counts and members are kept as ground-truth; sorted by enrichment.
| GO term | Cohort genes | Fold | FDR | Sample cohort genes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| succinate transport | 1 | 5617.3× | 0.004 | SLC13A5 |
| oxaloacetate transport | 1 | 2808.7× | 0.004 | SLC13A5 |
| fumarate transport | 1 | 2808.7× | 0.004 | SLC13A5 |
| citrate transport | 1 | 1872.4× | 0.004 | SLC13A5 |
| alpha-ketoglutarate transport | 1 | 1404.3× | 0.004 | SLC13A5 |
| pH reduction | 1 | 802.5× | 0.006 | ROGDI |
| locomotion | 1 | 510.7× | 0.007 | ROGDI |
| cAMP biosynthetic process | 1 | 468.1× | 0.007 | ADCY9 |
| enamel mineralization | 1 | 401.2× | 0.007 | ROGDI |
| adenylate cyclase-activating adrenergic receptor signaling pathway | 1 | 401.2× | 0.007 | ADCY9 |
| cellular response to lithium ion | 1 | 374.5× | 0.007 | SLC13A5 |
| locomotor rhythm | 1 | 351.1× | 0.007 | ROGDI |
| cellular response to glucagon stimulus | 1 | 280.9× | 0.008 | ADCY9 |
| vascular endothelial cell response to laminar fluid shear stress | 1 | 244.2× | 0.009 | ADCY9 |
| neuromuscular process | 1 | 175.5× | 0.011 | ROGDI |
| renal water homeostasis | 1 | 170.2× | 0.011 | ADCY9 |
| odontogenesis of dentin-containing tooth | 1 | 100.3× | 0.018 | ROGDI |
| bone mineralization | 1 | 90.6× | 0.018 | ROGDI |
| hemopoiesis | 1 | 89.2× | 0.018 | ROGDI |
| neurogenesis | 1 | 69.3× | 0.022 | ROGDI |
| memory | 1 | 61.1× | 0.023 | ROGDI |
| transmembrane transport | 1 | 56.2× | 0.024 | SLC13A5 |
| adenylate cyclase-activating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway | 1 | 37.7× | 0.034 | ADCY9 |
| gene expression | 1 | 26.6× | 0.045 | ROGDI |
| brain development | 1 | 26.5× | 0.045 | ROGDI |
| in utero embryonic development | 1 | 24.0× | 0.047 | ADCY9 |
| response to xenobiotic stimulus | 1 | 23.0× | 0.048 | ROGDI |
| intracellular signal transduction | 1 | 12.7× | 0.082 | ADCY9 |
| positive regulation of cell population proliferation | 1 | 11.2× | 0.090 | ROGDI |
| signal transduction | 1 | 5.3× | 0.176 | ADCY9 |
Therapeutics
Drug target analysis
Approved (phase 4): 0 · Phase ≥3: 0 · Phased (≥1): 0 · Undrugged: 3
Druggability breadth: 2 of 3 evidence-associated genes (67%) have a ChEMBL target (buckets above are over the deeply-mined display cohort).
Top cohort targets by molecule count
| Symbol | Molecules | Max phase |
|---|---|---|
| ROGDI | 0 | 0 |
| SLC13A5 | 0 | 0 |
| ADCY9 | 0 | 0 |
Bioactivity and enzyme data
Enzyme cohort genes (≥1 EC): 0.
Cohort genes with ChEMBL bioactivity (full, sorted by assay count)
| Symbol | Assays | Type breakdown |
|---|---|---|
| ADCY9 | 18 | Binding:16, Functional:2 |
| SLC13A5 | 14 | Binding:11, Functional:3 |
Pharmacogenomics
Cohort genes with a PharmGKB record: 3; with CPIC/DPWG dosing guidelines: 0.
No cohort gene has a CPIC/DPWG genotype-guided dosing guideline (PharmGKB).
Chemical tractability of cohort targets
0 approved/phased compounds have measured bioactivity against a cohort gene (and aren’t yet in disease-level trials). This is a research / tractability signal, NOT a therapeutic recommendation — a bioactivity row often reflects off-target or screening binding (e.g. promiscuous kinase inhibitors against a cohort kinase), implying no disease mechanism.
Druggability pyramid
Cohort genes binned by druggability tier (high → low):
| Tier | Definition | Genes | Symbols |
|---|---|---|---|
| A | Approved (phase 4 drug) | 0 | |
| B | Phased (≥1) drug, not yet approved | 0 | |
| C | Druggable family + PDB, no drug | 0 | |
| D | Druggable family + AlphaFold only, no drug | 0 | |
| E | Difficult family or no structure, no drug | 3 | ROGDI, SLC13A5, ADCY9 |
Undrugged target profiles
3 cohort genes are undrugged. Ranked by ‘starting-point quality’ (assay depth + drugged-partner adjacency).
| Symbol | ChEMBL assays | Drugged partners (top 3) |
|---|---|---|
| ROGDI | 0 | — |
| SLC13A5 | 14 | — |
| ADCY9 | 18 | — |
Clinical trials & evidence
Clinical trials
Clinical trials: 2.
Phase distribution (across all retrieved trials)
| Phase | Trials |
|---|---|
| Not specified | 2 |
Top trials by phase / activity
| NCT | Phase | Status | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| NCT04681781 | Not specified | ENROLLING_BY_INVITATION | SLC13A5 Deficiency Natural History Study - Remote Only |
| NCT06144957 | Not specified | ENROLLING_BY_INVITATION | SLC13A5 Deficiency Natural History Study - United States Only |