Cathepsin a-related arteriopathy-strokes-leukoencephalopathy

Summary

Cathepsin a-related arteriopathy-strokes-leukoencephalopathy (MONDO:0035551) is a disease with 1 cohort gene.

At a glance

• Cohort genes: 1
• ClinVar variants: 1

Clinical features

No curated clinical features (Orphanet) for this disease.

Identifiers

Disease identifiers

Field	Value
Canonical name	cathepsin a-related arteriopathy-strokes-leukoencephalopathy
Mondo ID	MONDO:0035551
Orphanet	575553
ICD-10-CM	I67.8
UMLS	C5680354
MedGen	1804103
GARD	0022320
Is cancer (heuristic)	no

Also known as: CARASAL

Data availability: 1 ClinVar variant.

Disease family

Classification path: disease › human disease › disease by body system or component › nervous system disorder › central nervous system disorder › brain disorder › cerebrovascular disorder › cathepsin a-related arteriopathy-strokes-leukoencephalopathy

Related subtypes (23): cerebral arteritis, intracranial thrombosis, occlusion precerebral artery, vascular dementia, stroke disorder, internal carotid artery stenosis, carotid artery disorder, brain ischemia, brain infarction, cerebral amyloid angiopathy, vascular brain injury, basal ganglia cerebrovascular disorder, intracranial arterial disease, intracranial vasospasm, subclavian steal syndrome, pseudotumor cerebri, cerebral sinovenous thrombosis, HTRA1-related autosomal dominant cerebral small vessel disease, familial porencephaly, microangiopathy and leukoencephalopathy, pontine, autosomal dominant, precerebral artery stenosis, cerebral artery stenosis, APP-related brain and vascular amyloidosis

Genetics & variants

GWAS landscape

No GWAS associations recorded — common-variant (GWAS) studies don’t cover this disease (typical for Mendelian / rare diseases). See the curated gene cohort and Mendelian overlap below.

Variant details and genetic-evidence tiers

ClinVar germline variants

1 retrieved; paginated sample, class counts are floors:

1 conflicting classifications of pathogenicity

ClinVar	Variant (HGVS)	Gene	Classification	Review
1373295	NM_000308.4(CTSA):c.919C>T (p.Arg307Cys)	CTSA	Conflicting classifications of pathogenicity	criteria provided, conflicting classifications

Genes & proteins

Mendelian disease overlap and somatic drivers

GenCC: 0 · Orphanet: 2 · OMIM-shared: 0 · Dual-evidence (GWAS+Mendelian): 0

Orphanet rare-disease linkage (cohort genes)

Gene	Orphanet ID	Rare disease
CTSA	Orphanet:351	Galactosialidosis
CTSA	Orphanet:575553	Cathepsin A-related arteriopathy-strokes-leukoencephalopathy

Cohort genes → proteins

1 cohort genes, 1 distinct canonical proteins.

Evidence partition

Subset	Genes
multi_evidence	1

Cohort genes (full)

Symbol	HGNC	Ensembl	UniProt	Name	Evidence
CTSA	HGNC:9251	ENSG00000064601	P10619	Lysosomal protective protein	clinvar

Cohort function summary

Lead sentence per gene, UniProt-curated.

Symbol	Protein name	Function (lead sentence)
CTSA	Lysosomal protective protein	Protective protein appears to be essential for both the activity of beta-galactosidase and neuraminidase, it associates with these enzymes and exerts a protective function necessary for their stability and activity.

Protein-family classification

Druggable: 1 · Difficult: 0 · Unknown: 0 · Druggable fraction: 1.0

Family distribution

Cohort families vs a genome-wide background (hypergeometric, BH-FDR; fold = observed/expected). Counts kept; sorted by enrichment, so the catch-all Other/Unknown bucket no longer leads.

Family	Genes	Fold	FDR
Protease	1	36.6×	0.027

Per-gene assignment

Symbol	Family	Druggable?	EC	InterPro (top 3)
CTSA	Protease	yes	3.4.16.5	Peptidase_S10, Ser_caboxypep_ser_AS, AB_hydrolase_fold

Expression context

Cohort genes with no expression data: 0.

1 cohort gene are a single-cell marker in ≥1 SCXA experiment.

Breadth distribution (Bgee present_calls)

Bucket	Genes
narrow (1-5 tissues)	0
moderate (6-20)	0
broad (>20)	1
unknown	0

Top tissues across cohort

Tissue	Cohort genes
left adrenal gland	1
right adrenal gland	1
right adrenal gland cortex	1

Per-gene tissue summary (top 30)

Symbol	Bgee breadth	FANTOM5 breadth	SCXA	Top tissues
CTSA	297	ubiquitous	marker	right adrenal gland, right adrenal gland cortex, left adrenal gland

Protein interactions among cohort

Intra-cohort edges: 0.

Hub genes (top 10 by interactor count)

Symbol	Interactor count
CTSA	2,964

Structural data

PDB: 1 · AlphaFold-only: 0 · No structure: 0

Cohort genes with PDB structures (top 30)

Symbol	UniProt	PDB entries
CTSA	P10619	12

Function

Pathway analysis

Distinct Reactome pathways touched by cohort: 5. Enrichment computed across 1 evidence-associated genes (1 with Reactome annotation).

Pathways by enrichment

Over-representation of cohort genes vs the genome-wide background (hypergeometric test, Benjamini-Hochberg FDR; fold = observed/expected over 1 annotated cohort genes). Counts and members are kept as ground-truth; sorted by enrichment.

Pathway	Cohort genes	Fold	FDR	Sample cohort genes
Defective NEU1 causes sialidosis	1	2855.0×	0.002	CTSA
Sialic acid metabolism	1	326.3×	0.006	CTSA
Glycosphingolipid catabolism	1	292.8×	0.006	CTSA
MHC class II antigen presentation	1	89.2×	0.014	CTSA
Neutrophil degranulation	1	23.1×	0.043	CTSA

GO biological processes by enrichment

Over-representation of cohort genes vs the genome-wide background (hypergeometric test, Benjamini-Hochberg FDR; fold = observed/expected over 1 annotated cohort genes). Counts and members are kept as ground-truth; sorted by enrichment.

GO term	Cohort genes	Fold	FDR	Sample cohort genes
negative regulation of chaperone-mediated autophagy	1	5617.3×	7e-04	CTSA
regulation of chaperone-mediated autophagy	1	3370.4×	7e-04	CTSA
regulation of protein stability	1	125.8×	0.013	CTSA
intracellular protein transport	1	64.8×	0.019	CTSA
proteolysis	1	34.2×	0.029	CTSA

Therapeutics

Drug target analysis

Approved (phase 4): 1 · Phase ≥3: 1 · Phased (≥1): 1 · Undrugged: 0

Druggability breadth: 1 of 1 evidence-associated genes (100%) have a ChEMBL target (buckets above are over the deeply-mined display cohort).

Genes with an approved drug

The molecule shown is one approved compound that hits the gene — not necessarily a drug of choice or one indicated for this disease.

Symbol	Example approved molecule
CTSA	ISOFLUROPHATE

Top cohort targets by molecule count

Symbol	Molecules	Max phase
CTSA	2	4

Drugs targeting cohort genes (top 30)

Molecule	Max phase	Targets in cohort
ISOFLUROPHATE	4	CTSA
BORTEZOMIB	4	CTSA

Bioactivity and enzyme data

Enzyme cohort genes (≥1 EC): 1.

Cohort genes with ChEMBL bioactivity (full, sorted by assay count)

Symbol	Assays	Type breakdown
CTSA	19	Binding:13, ADMET:6

Cohort enzymes (BRENDA EC)

Symbol	EC numbers	Names
CTSA	3.4.16.5	carboxypeptidase C

Pharmacogenomics

Cohort genes with a PharmGKB record: 1; with CPIC/DPWG dosing guidelines: 0.

No cohort gene has a CPIC/DPWG genotype-guided dosing guideline (PharmGKB).

Chemical tractability of cohort targets

2 approved/phased compounds have measured bioactivity against a cohort gene (and aren’t yet in disease-level trials). This is a research / tractability signal, NOT a therapeutic recommendation — a bioactivity row often reflects off-target or screening binding (e.g. promiscuous kinase inhibitors against a cohort kinase), implying no disease mechanism.

Compound	Max phase	Cohort target (bioactivity)
ISOFLUROPHATE	4	CTSA
BORTEZOMIB	4	CTSA

Druggability pyramid

Cohort genes binned by druggability tier (high → low):

Tier	Definition	Genes	Symbols
A	Approved (phase 4 drug)	1	CTSA
B	Phased (≥1) drug, not yet approved	0
C	Druggable family + PDB, no drug	0
D	Druggable family + AlphaFold only, no drug	0
E	Difficult family or no structure, no drug	0

Undrugged target profiles

0 cohort genes are undrugged. Ranked by ‘starting-point quality’ (assay depth + drugged-partner adjacency).

Clinical trials & evidence

Clinical trials

Clinical trials: 0.