Charcot-Marie-tooth disease, axonal, type 2DD

disease
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Also known as CMT2DD

Summary

Charcot-Marie-tooth disease, axonal, type 2DD (MONDO:0054833) is a disease caused by ATP1A1 (GenCC Strong), with 2 cohort genes.

At a glance

  • Prevalence: <1 / 1 000 000 (Worldwide) [Orphanet-validated]
  • Causal gene: ATP1A1 (GenCC Strong)
  • Cohort genes: 2
  • ClinVar variants: 38

Clinical features

Epidemiology

Prevalence records

2 prevalence record(s), Orphanet:

TypeClassValueGeographyValidation
Cases/families51WorldwideValidated
Point prevalence<1 / 1 000 000WorldwideValidated

Identifiers

Disease identifiers

FieldValue
Canonical nameCharcot-Marie-tooth disease, axonal, type 2DD
Mondo IDMONDO:0054833
OMIM618036
Orphanet521414
DOIDDOID:0111558
UMLSC4747974
MedGen1648475
GARD0017959
Is cancer (heuristic)no

Also known as: CMT2DD

Data availability: 38 ClinVar variants · 6 GenCC gene-disease records.

Disease family

Classification path: disease › human disease › disease by etiologic mechanism › disease of genetic or genomic mechanism › hereditary disease › autosomal genetic disease › autosomal dominant disease › Charcot-Marie-tooth disease, axonal, type 2DD

Related subtypes (191): autosomal dominant polycystic liver disease, cerebral arteriopathy, autosomal dominant, with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy, type 1, tuberous sclerosis, Treacher-Collins syndrome, hereditary breast ovarian cancer syndrome, autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease, Lynch syndrome, branchio-oto-renal syndrome, autosomal dominant Aarskog syndrome, acroosteolysis dominant type, ADULT syndrome, autosomal dominant Alport syndrome, amelogenesis imperfecta type 1B, Townes-Brocks syndrome, nevoid basal cell carcinoma syndrome, blepharophimosis, ptosis, and epicanthus inversus syndrome, autosomal dominant brachyolmia, branchiooculofacial syndrome, pheochromocytoma/paraganglioma syndrome 4, cataract-aberrant oral frenula-growth delay syndrome, cherubism, autosomal dominant chondrodysplasia punctata, autosomal dominant popliteal pterygium syndrome, blepharocheilodontic syndrome, cochleosaccular degeneration-cataract syndrome, renal coloboma syndrome, Beare-Stevenson cutis gyrata syndrome, autosomal dominant vibratory urticaria, neurohypophyseal diabetes insipidus, autosomal dominant Kenny-Caffey syndrome, Rapp-Hodgkin syndrome, Ehlers-Danlos syndrome, classic type, autosomal dominant Ehlers-Danlos syndrome, vascular type, multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1, Coffin-Siris syndrome 1, isolated congenital adermatoglyphia, Flynn-Aird syndrome, Frasier syndrome, hand-foot-genital syndrome, Holt-Oram syndrome, hyperkeratosis-hyperpigmentation syndrome, autosomal dominant ichthyosis vulgaris, hyper-IgE recurrent infection syndrome 1, autosomal dominant, autosomal dominant keratitis, autosomal dominant keratitis-ichthyosis-hearing loss syndrome, LADD syndrome, trichorhinophalangeal syndrome type II, Noonan syndrome with multiple lentigines, microcephaly with or without chorioretinopathy, lymphedema, or intellectual disability, Marfan syndrome, melanoma, cutaneous malignant, susceptibility to, 2, autosomal dominant primary microcephaly, autosomal dominant progressive external ophthalmoplegia, monilethrix, Muir-Torre syndrome, autosomal dominant myoglobinuria, autosomal dominant centronuclear myopathy, nail-patella syndrome, multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2B, autosomal dominant omodysplasia, pheochromocytoma/paraganglioma syndrome 1, Pelger-Huet anomaly, multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2A, piebaldism, autosomal dominant medullary cystic kidney disease with or without hyperuricemia, generalized juvenile polyposis/juvenile polyposis coli, juvenile polyposis/hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia syndrome, Peutz-Jeghers syndrome, contractures, pterygia, and spondylocarpotarsal fusion syndrome 1A, autosomal dominant distal renal tubular acidosis, retinoschisis, autosomal dominant, autosomal dominant Robinow syndrome, scapuloperoneal spinal muscular atrophy, autosomal dominant, autosomal dominant sideroblastic anemia, spondyloepiphyseal dysplasia tarda, autosomal dominant, proximal symphalangism, calcaneonavicular coalition, thanatophoric dysplasia type 1, trichorhinophalangeal syndrome type I, Muckle-Wells syndrome, autosomal dominant hypophosphatemic rickets, von Hippel-Lindau disease, Denys-Drash syndrome, autosomal dominant severe congenital neutropenia, Costello syndrome, EEC syndrome, multiple cutaneous and mucosal venous malformations, diffuse nonepidermolytic palmoplantar keratoderma, Timothy syndrome, pheochromocytoma/paraganglioma syndrome 2, spondyloepimetaphyseal dysplasia with multiple dislocations, Brooke-Spiegler syndrome, macrocephaly-autism syndrome, pheochromocytoma/paraganglioma syndrome 3, Duane-radial ray syndrome, PCWH syndrome, heart-hand syndrome, Slovenian type, congenital stationary night blindness autosomal dominant 3, mandibulofacial dysostosis-microcephaly syndrome, multiple endocrine neoplasia type 4, juvenile cataract-microcornea-renal glucosuria syndrome, Crouzon syndrome-acanthosis nigricans syndrome, Birk-Barel syndrome, thrombophilia due to protein S deficiency, autosomal dominant, dyskeratosis congenita, autosomal dominant 2, dyskeratosis congenita, autosomal dominant 3, colorectal cancer, hereditary nonpolyposis, type 6, colorectal cancer, hereditary nonpolyposis, type 7, brain small vessel disease 2A, autosomal dominant, intellectual disability, autosomal dominant 14, intellectual disability, autosomal dominant 15, intellectual disability, autosomal dominant 16, hypopigmentation-punctate palmoplantar keratoderma syndrome, intellectual disability-facial dysmorphism syndrome due to SETD5 haploinsufficiency, postaxial polydactyly-anterior pituitary anomalies-facial dysmorphism syndrome, intellectual developmental disorder with microcephaly and with or without ocular malformations or hypogonadotropic hypogonadism, intellectual disability, autosomal dominant 29, intellectual disability, autosomal dominant 30, Houge-Janssens syndrome 2, severe achondroplasia-developmental delay-acanthosis nigricans syndrome, dyskeratosis congenita, autosomal dominant 6, epidermolysis bullosa simplex 6, generalized, with scarring and hair loss, autosomal dominant complex spastic paraplegia, early-onset autosomal dominant Alzheimer disease, muscular dystrophy, limb-girdle, autosomal dominant, Feingold syndrome, Carney complex, neuronopathy, distal hereditary motor, autosomal dominant, autosomal dominant coarctation of aorta, autosomal dominant spondylocostal dysostosis, autosomal dominant hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia, Cowden disease, autosomal dominant distal myopathy, autosomal dominant rhegmatogenous retinal detachment, palmoplantar keratoderma-spastic paralysis syndrome, Alagille syndrome due to a JAG1 point mutation, PTEN hamartoma tumor syndrome, gastric adenocarcinoma and proximal polyposis of the stomach, autosomal dominant proximal renal tubular acidosis, autosomal dominant spastic ataxia, Waardenburg syndrome, hereditary retinoblastoma, autosomal dominant hypocalcemia, Li-Fraumeni syndrome, Loeys-Dietz syndrome, hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia, hereditary inclusion body myopathy-joint contractures-ophthalmoplegia syndrome, microcephalic osteodysplastic dysplasia, Saul-Wilson type, autosomal dominant intermediate Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease, autosomal dominant cutis laxa, autosomal dominant nonsyndromic hearing loss, autosomal dominant optic atrophy, autosomal dominant Emery-Dreifuss muscular dystrophy, autosomal dominant cerebellar ataxia, autosomal dominant osteopetrosis, autosomal dominant epidermolytic ichthyosis, ventricular arrhythmias due to cardiac ryanodine receptor calcium release deficiency syndrome, distal arthrogryposis type 2B1, neurofibromatosis, autosomal dominant cataract, arthrogryposis, distal, type 2B2, arthrogryposis, distal, type 2B3, Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease, demyelinating, type 1G, Delpire-McNeill syndrome, LAMA5-related multisystemic syndrome, autosomal dominant oculocutaneous albinism, Pilarowski-Bjornsson syndrome, intellectual disability, autosomal dominant, fatty acyl-CoA reductase 1 upregulation, GUCY2D-related dominant retinopathy, RPE65-related dominant retinopathy, autosomal dominant titinopathy, NOG-related symphalangism spectrum disorder, ALPL-related autosomal dominant hypophosphatasia, MYH10-related neurodevelopmental disorder with congenital anomalies, spastic paraplegia 30A, autosomal dominant, TMEM127-related tumor predisposition, MAX-related tumor predisposition, BMPR1A-related juvenile polyposis syndrome, RP1-related dominant retinopathy, Birt-Hogg-Dube syndrome, inclusion body myopathy and brain white matter abnormalities, KINSSHIP syndrome, autosomal dominant nebulin-related myopathy, IMPG1-related dominant retinopathy, PROM1-related dominant retinopathy, PURA-related severe neonatal hypotonia-seizures-encephalopathy syndrome, ALG8-related autosomal dominant polycystic kidney and/or liver disease, NOTCH1-related AOS spectrum disorder, FLNB-associated autosomal dominant filamin related bone disorder, familial antiphospholipid syndrome

Genetics & variants

GWAS landscape

No GWAS associations recorded — common-variant (GWAS) studies don’t cover this disease (typical for Mendelian / rare diseases). See the curated gene cohort and Mendelian overlap below.

Variant details and genetic-evidence tiers

ClinVar germline variants

38 retrieved; paginated sample, class counts are floors:

12 benign, 10 uncertain significance, 7 likely pathogenic, 3 conflicting classifications of pathogenicity, 2 pathogenic/likely pathogenic, 2 pathogenic, 1 likely benign, 1 benign/likely benign

ClinVarVariant (HGVS)GeneClassificationReview
1299690NM_000701.8(ATP1A1):c.1645G>A (p.Gly549Arg)ATP1A1Pathogenic/Likely pathogeniccriteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts
545677NM_000701.8(ATP1A1):c.143T>G (p.Leu48Arg)ATP1A1Pathogeniccriteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts
545678NM_000701.8(ATP1A1):c.1798C>G (p.Pro600Ala)ATP1A1Pathogeniccriteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts
545680NM_000701.8(ATP1A1):c.1775T>C (p.Ile592Thr)ATP1A1Pathogenic/Likely pathogeniccriteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts
1029934NM_000701.8(ATP1A1):c.2531T>C (p.Leu844Pro)ATP1A1Likely pathogeniccriteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts
1174506NM_000701.8(ATP1A1):c.1001A>G (p.Glu334Gly)ATP1A1Likely pathogenicno assertion criteria provided
1685248NM_000701.8(ATP1A1):c.1799C>G (p.Pro600Arg)ATP1A1Likely pathogeniccriteria provided, single submitter
3337828NM_000701.8(ATP1A1):c.1028G>A (p.Cys343Tyr)ATP1A1Likely pathogeniccriteria provided, single submitter
3572864NM_000701.8(ATP1A1):c.620C>T (p.Ser207Phe)ATP1A1Likely pathogeniccriteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts
545679NM_000701.8(ATP1A1):c.1798C>A (p.Pro600Thr)ATP1A1Likely pathogeniccriteria provided, single submitter
995868NM_000701.8(ATP1A1):c.2809_2819del (p.Cys937fs)ATP1A1Likely pathogeniccriteria provided, single submitter
1704508NM_000701.8(ATP1A1):c.12+3G>TATP1A1Conflicting classifications of pathogenicitycriteria provided, conflicting classifications
2431048NM_000701.8(ATP1A1):c.1789G>A (p.Ala597Thr)ATP1A1Conflicting classifications of pathogenicityno assertion criteria provided
545681NM_000701.8(ATP1A1):c.2432A>C (p.Asp811Ala)ATP1A1Conflicting classifications of pathogenicityno assertion criteria provided
1699367NM_000701.8(ATP1A1):c.8A>C (p.Lys3Thr)ATP1A1Uncertain significancecriteria provided, single submitter
1941986NM_000701.8(ATP1A1):c.1939C>T (p.Arg647Cys)ATP1A1Uncertain significancecriteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts
2665056NM_000701.8(ATP1A1):c.518G>A (p.Arg173Gln)ATP1A1Uncertain significancecriteria provided, single submitter
2671759NM_000701.8(ATP1A1):c.3007G>A (p.Glu1003Lys)ATP1A1Uncertain significancecriteria provided, single submitter
2986874NM_000701.8(ATP1A1):c.1538G>A (p.Arg513Lys)ATP1A1Uncertain significancecriteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts
2995966NM_000701.8(ATP1A1):c.676A>C (p.Thr226Pro)ATP1A1Uncertain significancecriteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts
3066218NM_000701.8(ATP1A1):c.1888G>C (p.Gly630Arg)ATP1A1Uncertain significancecriteria provided, single submitter
3255528NM_000701.8(ATP1A1):c.490A>T (p.Met164Leu)ATP1A1Uncertain significancecriteria provided, single submitter
3896782NM_000701.8(ATP1A1):c.65A>G (p.Lys22Arg)ATP1A1Uncertain significancecriteria provided, single submitter
1687417NM_000701.8(ATP1A1):c.2957C>T (p.Thr986Ile)ATP1A1-AS1Uncertain significancecriteria provided, single submitter
1181423NM_000701.8(ATP1A1):c.3043+38T>CATP1A1Benigncriteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts
1225564NM_000701.8(ATP1A1):c.2952-37C>TATP1A1Benigncriteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts
1227676NM_000701.8(ATP1A1):c.1024-100T>GATP1A1Benigncriteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts
1261446NM_000701.8(ATP1A1):c.1223-32G>AATP1A1Benigncriteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts
1267145NM_000701.8(ATP1A1):c.1110G>A (p.Thr370=)ATP1A1Benigncriteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts
1274903NM_000701.8(ATP1A1):c.3043+8T>CATP1A1Benigncriteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts

Genes & proteins

Mendelian disease overlap and somatic drivers

GenCC: 11 · Orphanet: 2 · OMIM-shared: 0 · Dual-evidence (GWAS+Mendelian): 0

GenCC gene–disease validity (cohort genes)

the Disease column is the GenCC-asserted condition — a cohort gene’s strongest validity may be for a related predisposition syndrome.

GeneClassificationInheritanceDiseaseRecords
ATP1A1StrongAutosomal dominantCharcot-Marie-tooth disease, axonal, type 2DD11

Orphanet rare-disease linkage (cohort genes)

GeneOrphanet IDRare disease
ATP1A1Orphanet:521414Autosomal dominant Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 2DD
ATP1A1Orphanet:564178Primary hypomagnesemia-refractory seizures-intellectual disability syndrome

Cohort genes → proteins

2 cohort genes, 2 distinct canonical proteins.

Evidence partition

SubsetGenes
multi_evidence2

Cohort genes (full)

SymbolHGNCEnsemblUniProtNameEvidence
ATP1A1HGNC:799ENSG00000163399P05023Sodium/potassium-transporting ATPase subunit alpha-1gencc,clinvar
ATP1A1-AS1HGNC:28262ENSG00000203865Q5TC04Putative uncharacterized protein ATP1A1-AS1clinvar

Cohort function summary

Lead sentence per gene, UniProt-curated.

SymbolProtein nameFunction (lead sentence)
ATP1A1Sodium/potassium-transporting ATPase subunit alpha-1This is the catalytic component of the active enzyme, which catalyzes the hydrolysis of ATP coupled with the exchange of sodium and potassium ions across the plasma membrane.

Protein-family classification

Druggable: 0 · Difficult: 1 · Unknown: 1 · Druggable fraction: 0.0

Family distribution

Cohort families vs a genome-wide background (hypergeometric, BH-FDR; fold = observed/expected). Counts kept; sorted by enrichment, so the catch-all Other/Unknown bucket no longer leads.

FamilyGenesFoldFDR
Transcription factor14.1×0.455
Other/Unknown10.9×0.805

Per-gene assignment

SymbolFamilyDruggable?ECInterPro (top 3)
ATP1A1Transcription factorno7.2.2.3P_typ_ATPase, ATPase_P-typ_cation-transptr_N, P-type_ATPase_IIC
ATP1A1-AS1Other/Unknownno

Expression context

Cohort genes with no expression data: 0.

2 cohort genes are a single-cell marker in ≥1 SCXA experiment.

Breadth distribution (Bgee present_calls)

BucketGenes
narrow (1-5 tissues)0
moderate (6-20)0
broad (>20)2
unknown0

Top tissues across cohort

TissueCohort genes
left lobe of thyroid gland2
right lobe of thyroid gland2
renal medulla1
tendon of biceps brachii1

Per-gene tissue summary (top 30)

SymbolBgee breadthFANTOM5 breadthSCXATop tissues
ATP1A1305ubiquitousmarkerrenal medulla, right lobe of thyroid gland, left lobe of thyroid gland
ATP1A1-AS1178ubiquitousmarkertendon of biceps brachii, left lobe of thyroid gland, right lobe of thyroid gland

Protein interactions among cohort

Intra-cohort edges: 0.

Hub genes (top 10 by interactor count)

SymbolInteractor count
ATP1A13,520
ATP1A1-AS10

Structural data

PDB: 1 · AlphaFold-only: 1 · No structure: 0

Cohort genes with PDB structures (top 30)

SymbolUniProtPDB entries
ATP1A1P0502313

AlphaFold-only cohort genes (top 30 by pLDDT)

SymbolUniProtpLDDT
ATP1A1-AS1Q5TC0465.72

Function

Pathway analysis

Distinct Reactome pathways touched by cohort: 11. Enrichment computed across 2 evidence-associated genes (1 with Reactome annotation).

Pathways by enrichment

Over-representation of cohort genes vs the genome-wide background (hypergeometric test, Benjamini-Hochberg FDR; fold = observed/expected over 1 annotated cohort genes). Counts and members are kept as ground-truth; sorted by enrichment.

PathwayCohort genesFoldFDRSample cohort genes
Ion transport by P-type ATPases1207.6×0.023ATP1A1
Ion homeostasis1203.9×0.023ATP1A1
Potential therapeutics for SARS1114.2×0.023ATP1A1
Cardiac conduction1108.8×0.023ATP1A1
Ion channel transport196.0×0.023ATP1A1
Muscle contraction177.2×0.024ATP1A1
SARS-CoV Infections155.4×0.028ATP1A1
Viral Infection Pathways130.8×0.044ATP1A1
Transport of small molecules125.1×0.044ATP1A1
Infectious disease124.8×0.044ATP1A1
Disease113.1×0.076ATP1A1

GO biological processes by enrichment

Over-representation of cohort genes vs the genome-wide background (hypergeometric test, Benjamini-Hochberg FDR; fold = observed/expected over 1 annotated cohort genes). Counts and members are kept as ground-truth; sorted by enrichment.

GO termCohort genesFoldFDRSample cohort genes
negative regulation of glucocorticoid biosynthetic process116852.0×0.001ATP1A1
positive regulation of striated muscle contraction18426.0×0.001ATP1A1
negative regulation of heart contraction14213.0×0.002ATP1A1
establishment or maintenance of transmembrane electrochemical gradient12808.7×0.002ATP1A1
response to glycoside12407.4×0.002ATP1A1
positive regulation of heart contraction12106.5×0.002ATP1A1
membrane repolarization during cardiac muscle cell action potential11685.2×0.002ATP1A1
osmosensory signaling pathway11532.0×0.002ATP1A1
cell communication by electrical coupling involved in cardiac conduction11404.3×0.002ATP1A1
relaxation of cardiac muscle11296.3×0.002ATP1A1
membrane repolarization11296.3×0.002ATP1A1
sodium ion export across plasma membrane11053.2×0.002ATP1A1
cellular response to steroid hormone stimulus11053.2×0.002ATP1A1
regulation of the force of heart contraction1991.3×0.002ATP1A1
intracellular potassium ion homeostasis1991.3×0.002ATP1A1
regulation of sodium ion transport1936.2×0.002ATP1A1
intracellular sodium ion homeostasis1766.0×0.002ATP1A1
cardiac muscle cell action potential involved in contraction1702.2×0.002ATP1A1
potassium ion import across plasma membrane1366.4×0.003ATP1A1
proton transmembrane transport1312.1×0.004ATP1A1
regulation of blood pressure1221.7×0.005ATP1A1
sodium ion transmembrane transport1203.0×0.005ATP1A1
potassium ion transmembrane transport1135.9×0.008ATP1A1
response to xenobiotic stimulus169.1×0.014ATP1A1

Therapeutics

Drug target analysis

Approved (phase 4): 1 · Phase ≥3: 1 · Phased (≥1): 1 · Undrugged: 1

Druggability breadth: 1 of 2 evidence-associated genes (50%) have a ChEMBL target (buckets above are over the deeply-mined display cohort).

Genes with an approved drug

The molecule shown is one approved compound that hits the gene — not necessarily a drug of choice or one indicated for this disease.

SymbolExample approved molecule
ATP1A1DIGOXIN

Top cohort targets by molecule count

SymbolMoleculesMax phase
ATP1A154
ATP1A1-AS100

Drugs targeting cohort genes (top 30)

MoleculeMax phaseTargets in cohort
DIGOXIN4ATP1A1
OMEPRAZOLE4ATP1A1
DIGITOXIN4ATP1A1
LANSOPRAZOLE4ATP1A1
ROSTAFUROXIN2ATP1A1

Bioactivity and enzyme data

Enzyme cohort genes (≥1 EC): 1.

Cohort genes with ChEMBL bioactivity (full, sorted by assay count)

SymbolAssaysType breakdown
ATP1A150Binding:50

Cohort enzymes (BRENDA EC)

SymbolEC numbersNames
ATP1A17.2.2.3P-type Na+ transporter

Pharmacogenomics

Cohort genes with a PharmGKB record: 1; with CPIC/DPWG dosing guidelines: 0.

No cohort gene has a CPIC/DPWG genotype-guided dosing guideline (PharmGKB).

Chemical tractability of cohort targets

5 approved/phased compounds have measured bioactivity against a cohort gene (and aren’t yet in disease-level trials). This is a research / tractability signal, NOT a therapeutic recommendation — a bioactivity row often reflects off-target or screening binding (e.g. promiscuous kinase inhibitors against a cohort kinase), implying no disease mechanism.

CompoundMax phaseCohort target (bioactivity)
DIGOXIN4ATP1A1
OMEPRAZOLE4ATP1A1
DIGITOXIN4ATP1A1
LANSOPRAZOLE4ATP1A1
ROSTAFUROXIN2ATP1A1

Druggability pyramid

Cohort genes binned by druggability tier (high → low):

TierDefinitionGenesSymbols
AApproved (phase 4 drug)1ATP1A1
BPhased (≥1) drug, not yet approved0
CDruggable family + PDB, no drug0
DDruggable family + AlphaFold only, no drug0
EDifficult family or no structure, no drug1ATP1A1-AS1

Undrugged target profiles

1 cohort genes are undrugged. Ranked by ‘starting-point quality’ (assay depth + drugged-partner adjacency).

SymbolChEMBL assaysDrugged partners (top 3)
ATP1A1-AS10

Clinical trials & evidence

Clinical trials

Clinical trials: 0.