Childhood germ cell tumor

Summary

Childhood germ cell tumor (MONDO:0003751) is a cancer and 107 clinical trials. Top therapeutic interventions include cisplatin, bleomycin, and thiotepa. A subtype of germ cell tumor — broader associated-gene and molecular evidence is on the parent page (see Disease family below).

At a glance

• Classification: Cancer
• Clinical trials: 107

Clinical features

No curated clinical features (Orphanet) for this disease.

Identifiers

Disease identifiers

Field	Value
Canonical name	childhood germ cell tumor
Mondo ID	MONDO:0003751
DOID	DOID:6053
NCIT	C7928
UMLS	C0279014
MedGen	75907
GARD	0023651
Is cancer (heuristic)	yes

Also known as: childhood germ cell neoplasm · childhood germ cell tumor · germ cell tumor · germ cell tumour · paediatric germ cell cancer · paediatric germ cell tumour · pediatric germ cell neoplasm · pediatric germ cell tumor

Disease family

This is a subtype of germ cell tumor. Genetic, therapeutic, and trial evidence is largely curated at the broader-term level — see the parent page for the associated-gene cohort and molecular evidence.

Classification path: disease › human disease › disease by etiologic mechanism › cancer or benign tumor › neoplastic disease or syndrome › neoplasm › germ cell tumor › childhood germ cell tumor

Related subtypes (12): fallopian tube germ cell tumor, retroperitoneal germ cell neoplasm, choriocarcinoma, malignant germ cell tumor, ovarian germ cell tumor, extragonadal germ cell tumor, gonadal germ cell tumor, germinomatous germ cell tumor, germ cell tumor of the vulva, nongerminomatous germ cell tumor, adult germ cell tumor, germ cell benign neoplasm

Subtypes (4): childhood central nervous system germ cell tumor, pediatric ovarian germ cell tumor, malignant childhood germ cell neoplasm, childhood gonadal germ cell tumor

Genetics & variants

GWAS landscape

No GWAS associations recorded — common-variant (GWAS) studies don’t cover this disease (typical for Mendelian / rare diseases). See the curated gene cohort and Mendelian overlap below.

Variant details and genetic-evidence tiers

No tiered GWAS variants or ClinVar records for this disease.

Genes & proteins

No associated-gene cohort resolved for this disease. Atlas builds the molecular and therapeutic sections — associated genes, protein families, druggability, pathways, interactions, and drug associations — by aggregating over a disease’s associated genes (resolved via GWAS / GenCC / ClinVar / CIViC), and none resolved here. This is expected for antibody-mediated, autoimmune, or otherwise non-gene-defined conditions; the curated evidence for this disease is its clinical features, GWAS susceptibility, and clinical trials (above).

Function

No pathway enrichment — requires an associated-gene cohort.

Therapeutics

No druggable-target or therapeutic data for this disease’s cohort.

Clinical trials & evidence

Clinical trials

Clinical trials: 107.

Phase distribution (across all retrieved trials)

Phase	Trials
PHASE2	36
Not specified	30
PHASE1	23
PHASE1/PHASE2	9
PHASE3	8
PHASE2/PHASE3	1

Top trials by phase / activity

NCT	Phase	Status	Title
NCT02375204	PHASE3	ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING	Standard-Dose Combination Chemotherapy or High-Dose Combination Chemotherapy and Stem Cell Transplant in Treating Patients with Relapsed or Refractory Germ Cell Tumors
NCT02582697	PHASE3	RECRUITING	Accelerated v’s Standard BEP Chemotherapy for Patients With Intermediate and Poor-risk Metastatic Germ Cell Tumours
NCT03067181	PHASE3	RECRUITING	Active Surveillance, Bleomycin, Etoposide, Carboplatin or Cisplatin in Treating Pediatric and Adult Patients With Germ Cell Tumors
NCT05874063	PHASE3	RECRUITING	Thromboprophylaxis in Good and Intermediate Prognosis Advanced Germ Cell Tumors
NCT00002596	PHASE3	COMPLETED	Combination Chemotherapy With or Without Bone Marrow or Stem Cell Transplantation in Treating Men With Untreated Germ Cell Tumors
NCT00274950	PHASE3	UNKNOWN	Observation and/or Combination Chemotherapy After Surgery or Biopsy in Treating Young Patients With Extracranial Germ Cell Tumors
NCT00572572	PHASE3	COMPLETED	Aprepitant + a 5HT3 + Dexamethasone in Patients With Germ Cell Tumors
NCT00716976	PHASE3	COMPLETED	Sodium Thiosulfate in Preventing Hearing Loss in Young Patients Receiving Cisplatin for Newly Diagnosed Germ Cell Tumor, Hepatoblastoma, Medulloblastoma, Neuroblastoma, Osteosarcoma, or Other Malignancy
NCT06341998	PHASE2/PHASE3	COMPLETED	Clinical Study of Chemotherapy in the Treatment of Recurrent/Refractory Yolk Sac Tumor in Children
NCT01873326	PHASE2	ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING	Paclitaxel, Ifosfamide and Cisplatin (TIP) Versus Bleomycin, Etoposide and Cisplatin (BEP) for Patients With Previously Untreated Intermediate- and Poor-risk Germ Cell Tumors
NCT03158064	PHASE2	ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING	Evaluating Immune Therapy, Duravalumab (MEDI4736) With Tremelimumab for Relapsed/Refractory Germ Cell Tumors
NCT04804007	PHASE2	RECRUITING	Maintenance Oral Etoposide or Observation Following High-dose Chemo for GCT
NCT04876456	PHASE2	ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING	A Phase II Trial of Cabozantinib With Patients With Refractory GCTs
NCT05092451	PHASE1/PHASE2	RECRUITING	Phase I/II Study of CAR.70- Engineered IL15-transduced Cord Blood-derived NK Cells in Conjunction With Lymphodepleting Chemotherapy for the Management of Relapse/Refractory Hematological Malignances
NCT05455918	PHASE2	RECRUITING	Paclitaxel/Ifosfamide/Cisplatin Chemotherapy for High Risk Pediatric Germ Cell Tumor
NCT06418789	PHASE2	RECRUITING	High-dose Chemotherapy as Second-line Drug Therapy for Relapsed Germ Cell Tumors
NCT06866964	PHASE2	RECRUITING	A Single-arm, Phase II Clinical Trial of ASPIRin to prEvent Venous Thromboembolism in Patients With Advanced Germ Cell Tumors Receiving Chemotherapy
NCT06937866	PHASE1/PHASE2	RECRUITING	Maintenance Zanzalintinib With Etoposide After HDCT in GCT
NCT07188441	PHASE2	RECRUITING	Treatment of Newly Diagnosed Central Malignant Germ Cell Tumor People With Teniposide Injection Combined With Cisplatin.
NCT00002472	PHASE2	COMPLETED	Cisplatin and Etoposide Prior to Radiation Therapy in Treating Patients With CNS Tumors
NCT00002515	PHASE2	COMPLETED	Combination Chemotherapy Followed by Bone Marrow Transplantation in Treating Patients With Rare Cancer
NCT00003173	PHASE2	COMPLETED	High-Dose Thiotepa Plus Peripheral Stem Cell Transplantation in Treating Patients With Refractory Solid Tumors
NCT00003811	PHASE2	COMPLETED	Combination Chemotherapy Plus Amifostine in Treating Children With Malignant Germ Cell Tumors
NCT00003852	PHASE2	TERMINATED	Combination Chemotherapy Plus Peripheral Stem Cell Transplantation in Treating Patients With Germ Cell Tumors
NCT00005952	PHASE1/PHASE2	COMPLETED	Temozolomide Plus Peripheral Stem Cell Transplantation in Treating Children With Newly Diagnosed Malignant Glioma or Recurrent CNS or Other Solid Tumors
NCT00024258	PHASE2	COMPLETED	Arsenic Trioxide in Treating Patients With Advanced Neuroblastoma or Other Childhood Solid Tumors
NCT00047320	PHASE2	COMPLETED	Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy With or Without Second-Look Surgery Followed by Radiation Therapy With or Without Peripheral Stem Cell Transplantation in Treating Patients With Intracranial Germ Cell Tumors
NCT00127049	PHASE2	UNKNOWN	Trial of Gemcitabine, Cisplatin, and Ifosfamide in Patients With Relapsed Non-Seminomatous Germ-Cell Tumors
NCT00179816	PHASE1/PHASE2	UNKNOWN	Tandem Peripheral Blood Stem Cell (PBSC) Rescue for High Risk Solid Tumors
NCT00187109	PHASE1/PHASE2	COMPLETED	Recombinant Human Thrombopoietin in Children Receiving Ifosfamide, Carboplatin, and Etoposide Chemotherapy
NCT00198172	PHASE2	TERMINATED	Phase II Study of Cisplatin Plus Epirubicin Salvage Chemo in Refractory Germ Cell Tumors
NCT00432094	PHASE2	COMPLETED	Autologous Peripheral Blood Stem Cell Transplant for Germ Cell Tumors
NCT00788125	PHASE1/PHASE2	TERMINATED	Dasatinib, Ifosfamide, Carboplatin, and Etoposide in Treating Young Patients With Metastatic or Recurrent Malignant Solid Tumors
NCT00864318	PHASE2	COMPLETED	Dose Intensification Study in Refractory Germ Cell Tumors With Relapse and Bad Prognosis
NCT00983398	PHASE1/PHASE2	UNKNOWN	Melphalan, Carboplatin, Mannitol, and Sodium Thiosulfate in Treating Patients With Recurrent or Progressive CNS Embryonal or Germ Cell Tumors
NCT01466231	PHASE2	COMPLETED	Everolimus in Refractory Testicular Germ Cell Cancer
NCT01743482	PHASE2	COMPLETED	Pazopanib in Advanced and Cisplatin-resistant Germ Cell Tumors
NCT01782339	PHASE2	COMPLETED	A Novel Single Arm Phase II Study for Relapsed Germ Cell Tumours With Poor Prognosis
NCT01966913	PHASE1/PHASE2	UNKNOWN	Salvage Chemotherapy for Poor Prognosis Germ Cell Tumors
NCT02161692	PHASE2	COMPLETED	Conventional Dose Versus High Dose Sequential Chemotherapy for Poor Prognosis Germ Cell Tumors

Drugs tested across these trials (top 30)

Molecule	Max phase	Trials referencing
CISPLATIN	4	12
BLEOMYCIN	4	10
THIOTEPA	4	5
2-MERCAPTOETHANESULFONIC ACID	4	4
CYCLOPHOSPHAMIDE ANHYDROUS	4	3
AMIFOSTINE	4	2
BRENTUXIMAB VEDOTIN	4	2
DASATINIB ANHYDROUS	4	2
ETOPOSIDE PHOSPHATE	4	2
IFOSFAMIDE	4	2
SODIUM THIOSULFATE	4	2
TREMELIMUMAB	4	2
APREPITANT	4	1
ARSENIC TRIOXIDE	4	1
CARBOPLATIN	4	1
EPIRUBICIN HYDROCHLORIDE	4	1
ETOPOSIDE	4	1
FILGRASTIM	4	1
MANNITOL	4	1
PAZOPANIB	4	1
SORBITOL	4	1
TOPOTECAN HYDROCHLORIDE	4	1
VINBLASTINE SULFATE	4	1
RECOMBINANT HUMAN THROMBOPOIETIN	3	1
GENISTEIN	2	1
CHEMBL3753202	0	2
CHEMBL376464	0	1
CHEMBL4583196	0	1
CHEMBL4068768	0	1
CHEMBL4171277	0	1