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Atlas / Disease / Chronic bronchitis

Chronic bronchitis

disease
On this page

Also known as bronchitis, chronic

Summary

Chronic bronchitis (MONDO:0005607) is a disease with 14 cohort genes (43 GWAS associations across 37 studies) and 128 clinical trials. Top therapeutic interventions include levofloxacin anhydrous, arformoterol, and telithromycin.

At a glance

  • Cohort genes: 14
  • GWAS associations: 43
  • Clinical trials: 128

Clinical features

No curated clinical features (Orphanet) for this disease.

Identifiers

Disease identifiers

FieldValue
Canonical namechronic bronchitis
Mondo IDMONDO:0005607
EFOEFO:0006505
MeSHD029481
ICD-11290835130
NCITC26722
SNOMED CT63480004
UMLSC0008677
MedGen3084
Is cancer (heuristic)no

Also known as: bronchitis, chronic

Data availability: 43 GWAS associations (37 studies).

Disease family

Classification path: disease › human disease › disease by body system or component › respiratory system disorder › lower respiratory tract disorder › bronchial disorder › bronchitis › chronic bronchitis

Related subtypes (1): croup

Genetics & variants

GWAS landscape

43 GWAS associations across 37 studies. Top hits map to 19 distinct genes (as reported by GWAS).

Top associations by p-value

rsIDp-valueGeneRisk alleleOdds ratio
rs558536982e-52CHRNA5T0.13
chr15:788961293e-52A0.14
rs174862784e-45CHRNA5A0.14
rs20365272e-44PSMA4 - CHRNA5G0.13
rs129143852e-16CHRNA3T0.13
rs124619643e-15CYP2F2P - CYP2A6A0.07
rs110835691e-14CYP2F2P - CYP2A6C0.08
rs124592492e-14CYP2F2P - CYP2A6T0.07
chr8:274073752e-12C0.08
chr2:1041592029e-12G0.06
chr9:62134683e-11C0.07
rs44164422e-10FAM13A?1.36
rs729327075e-10ICA1L?0.99
rs28699676e-10FAM13AC1.38
rs48382906e-10MAPKAP1 - PBX3-DT?0.99
rs65372931e-09GUSBP5 - KRT18P51G0.09
rs176127122e-09HLA-DQA1 - HLA-DQB1T0.1
rs973842e-09FADS2?0.99
rs131169992e-09GUSBP5 - KRT18P51?1.01
rs7670122e-09LINC01122 - RNU6-508P?1.01
rs556730003e-09RAPGEFL1 - WIPF2?1.01
rs76326285e-09CADM2?1.01
rs1885173801e-08WDR12?0.99
rs801955452e-08CAMK2DG9.08
rs124454012e-08PMFBP1?1.01
rs78464492e-08PINX1, PINX1?0.99
rs117290802e-08RPL36AP23 - LINC02945?0.99
rs126923983e-08CYS1A1.44
rs20147663e-08KLF7?0.99
rs1173916023e-08MIR4472-1 - LINC00051?0.97

Top studies (by case count)

StudyLead authorYearCasesControlsTitle
GCST90042674Jiang L202145,946351,009A generalized linear mixed model association tool for biobank-scale data.
GCST90476029Verma A202428,021402,026Diversity and scale: Genetic architecture of 2068 traits in the VA Million Veteran Program.
GCST90042687Jiang L202125,054392,709A generalized linear mixed model association tool for biobank-scale data.
GCST90476030Verma A202424,495409,429Diversity and scale: Genetic architecture of 2068 traits in the VA Million Veteran Program.
GCST90691967Karczewski KJ202511,764379,656Pan-UK Biobank genome-wide association analyses enhance discovery and resolution of ancestry-enriched effects.
GCST90691968Karczewski KJ202511,537379,656Pan-UK Biobank genome-wide association analyses enhance discovery and resolution of ancestry-enriched effects.
GCST90042701Jiang L202110,227346,364A generalized linear mixed model association tool for biobank-scale data.
GCST90038617Donertas HM202110,174474,424Common genetic associations between age-related diseases.
GCST90570616You D202510,159772,631A genome-wide cross-trait analysis characterizes the shared genetic architecture between lung and gastrointestinal diseases.
GCST90570617You D202510,159825,177A genome-wide cross-trait analysis characterizes the shared genetic architecture between lung and gastrointestinal diseases.

Variant details and genetic-evidence tiers

Tier distribution (top 50 variants)

TierVariants
Tier 1: coding0
Tier 2: splice/UTR3
Tier 3: regulatory0
Tier 4: intronic/intergenic34

MAF distribution

BucketVariants
common (>=0.05)34
low_freq (0.01-0.05)2
rare (<0.01)1
unknown0

Functional consequences

ConsequenceCount
intron_variant23
intergenic_variant7
unknown4
3_prime_UTR_variant2
5_prime_UTR_variant1

Top variants

rsIDChrPosAllelesMAFConsequenceGenep-valueTier
rs558536981578565597T>G0.3345_prime_UTR_variantCHRNA52e-52Tier 2: splice/UTR
chr15:788961290.3393e-52Tier 4: intronic/intergenic
rs174862781578575140A>C0.319intron_variantCHRNA54e-45Tier 4: intronic/intergenic
rs20365271578559273G>A,C,T0.302intergenic_variantPSMA4 - CHRNA52e-44Tier 4: intronic/intergenic
rs129143851578606381C>A,G,T0.05intron_variantCHRNA32e-16Tier 4: intronic/intergenic
rs124619641940835324A>G,T0.474intron_variantCYP2F2P - CYP2A63e-15Tier 4: intronic/intergenic
rs110835691940834416C>G0.36intron_variantCYP2F2P - CYP2A61e-14Tier 4: intronic/intergenic
rs124592491940833991T>C0.36intron_variantCYP2F2P - CYP2A62e-14Tier 4: intronic/intergenic
chr8:274073750.1792e-12Tier 4: intronic/intergenic
chr2:1041592020.4779e-12Tier 4: intronic/intergenic
chr9:62134680.2623e-11Tier 4: intronic/intergenic
rs4416442488945562T>C0.4intron_variantFAM13A2e-10Tier 4: intronic/intergenic
rs729327072202774672T>C0.053_prime_UTR_variantICA1L5e-10Tier 2: splice/UTR
rs2869967488948181T>C,G0.41intron_variantFAM13A6e-10Tier 4: intronic/intergenic
rs48382909125712777C>A,T0.05intergenic_variantMAPKAP1 - PBX3-DT6e-10Tier 4: intronic/intergenic
rs65372934144558609A>G0.05intron_variantGUSBP5 - KRT18P511e-09Tier 4: intronic/intergenic
rs17612712632648168A>G,T0.05intergenic_variantHLA-DQA1 - HLA-DQB12e-09Tier 4: intronic/intergenic
rs973841161856709T>A,C,G0.05intron_variantFADS22e-09Tier 4: intronic/intergenic
rs131169994144521212G>A0.05intron_variantGUSBP5 - KRT18P512e-09Tier 4: intronic/intergenic
rs767012259532004C>A,G,T0.05intron_variantLINC01122 - RNU6-508P2e-09Tier 4: intronic/intergenic
rs556730001740208512C>A,T0.05intergenic_variantRAPGEFL1 - WIPF23e-09Tier 4: intronic/intergenic
rs7632628385127014C>A0.05intron_variantCADM25e-09Tier 4: intronic/intergenic
rs1885173802202992249T>A,C,G0.05intergenic_variantWDR121e-08Tier 4: intronic/intergenic
rs801955454113635275A>G0.003intron_variantCAMK2D2e-08Tier 4: intronic/intergenic
rs124454011672114520A>C,G,T0.05intron_variantPMFBP12e-08Tier 4: intronic/intergenic
rs7846449810827160C>T0.05intron_variantPINX1, PINX12e-08Tier 4: intronic/intergenic
rs117290804111582716G>A0.05intron_variantRPL36AP23 - LINC029452e-08Tier 4: intronic/intergenic
rs12692398210060189G>A0.2intron_variantCYS13e-08Tier 4: intronic/intergenic
rs20147662207126660G>A0.05intron_variantKLF73e-08Tier 4: intronic/intergenic
rs1173916028142182514G>A0.05intron_variantMIR4472-1 - LINC000513e-08Tier 4: intronic/intergenic

Genes & proteins

Mendelian disease overlap and somatic drivers

GenCC: 0 · Orphanet: 5 · OMIM-shared: 0 · Dual-evidence (GWAS+Mendelian): 0

Orphanet rare-disease linkage (cohort genes)

GeneOrphanet IDRare disease
FAM13AOrphanet:2032Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis
MCTP2Orphanet:1596Distal deletion 15q syndrome
CFAP221Orphanet:244Primary ciliary dyskinesia
ATF6Orphanet:1872Cone rod dystrophy
ATF6Orphanet:49382Achromatopsia

Cohort genes → proteins

14 cohort genes, 12 distinct canonical proteins.

Evidence partition

SubsetGenes
gwas_only14

Cohort genes (full)

SymbolHGNCEnsemblUniProtNameEvidence
CSMD1HGNC:14026ENSG00000183117Q96PZ7CUB and sushi domain-containing protein 1gwas
CYS1HGNC:18525ENSG00000205795Q717R9Cystin-1gwas
FAM13AHGNC:19367ENSG00000138640O94988Protein FAM13Agwas
CHRNA3HGNC:1957ENSG00000080644P32297Neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit alpha-3gwas
MCTP2HGNC:25636ENSG00000140563Q6DN12Multiple C2 and transmembrane domain-containing protein 2gwas
CHID1HGNC:28474ENSG00000177830Q9BWS9Chitinase domain-containing protein 1gwas
CRACR2BHGNC:28703ENSG00000177685Q8N4Y2EF-hand calcium-binding domain-containing protein 4Agwas
CFAP221HGNC:33720ENSG00000163075Q4G0U5Cilia- and flagella-associated protein 221gwas
HYKKHGNC:34403ENSG00000188266A2RU49Hydroxylysine kinasegwas
RPL31P11HGNC:35849ENSG00000213075ribosomal protein L31 pseudogene 11gwas
HHIP-AS1HGNC:44182ENSG00000248890HHIP antisense RNA 1gwas
AP2A2HGNC:562ENSG00000183020O94973AP-2 complex subunit alpha-2gwas
IREB2HGNC:6115ENSG00000136381P48200Iron-responsive element-binding protein 2gwas
ATF6HGNC:791ENSG00000118217P18850Cyclic AMP-dependent transcription factor ATF-6 alphagwas

Cohort function summary

Lead sentence per gene, UniProt-curated.

SymbolProtein nameFunction (lead sentence)
CSMD1CUB and sushi domain-containing protein 1Potential suppressor of squamous cell carcinomas.
CHRNA3Neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit alpha-3Component of neuronal acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) that function as pentameric, ligand-gated cation channels with high calcium permeability among other activities. nAChRs are excitatory neurotrasnmitter receptors formed by a collection…
MCTP2Multiple C2 and transmembrane domain-containing protein 2Might play a role in the development of cardiac outflow tract.
CHID1Chitinase domain-containing protein 1Saccharide- and LPS-binding protein with possible roles in pathogen sensing and endotoxin neutralization.
CRACR2BEF-hand calcium-binding domain-containing protein 4APlays a role in store-operated Ca(2+) entry (SOCE).
CFAP221Cilia- and flagella-associated protein 221May play a role in cilium morphogenesis and ciliary function.
HYKKHydroxylysine kinaseCatalyzes the GTP-dependent phosphorylation of 5-hydroxy-L-lysine.
AP2A2AP-2 complex subunit alpha-2Component of the adaptor protein complex 2 (AP-2).
IREB2Iron-responsive element-binding protein 2RNA-binding protein that binds to iron-responsive elements (IRES), which are stem-loop structures found in the 5’-UTR of ferritin, and delta aminolevulinic acid synthase mRNAs, and in the 3’-UTR of transferrin receptor mRNA.
ATF6Cyclic AMP-dependent transcription factor ATF-6 alphaPrecursor of the transcription factor form (Processed cyclic AMP-dependent transcription factor ATF-6 alpha), which is embedded in the endoplasmic reticulum membrane.

Protein-family classification

Druggable: 4 · Difficult: 1 · Unknown: 9 · Druggable fraction: 0.29

Family distribution

Cohort families vs a genome-wide background (hypergeometric, BH-FDR; fold = observed/expected). Counts kept; sorted by enrichment, so the catch-all Other/Unknown bucket no longer leads.

FamilyGenesFoldFDR
Complement119.1×0.203
Antibody/Immunoglobulin24.2×0.203
Kinase12.0×0.503
Other/Unknown91.1×0.503
Transcription factor10.6×0.836

Per-gene assignment

SymbolFamilyDruggable?ECInterPro (top 3)
CSMD1ComplementyesSushi_SCR_CCP_dom, CUB_dom, Sperma_CUB_dom_sf
CYS1Other/UnknownnoCys1
FAM13AOther/UnknownnoRhoGAP_dom, Rho_GTPase_activation_prot, FAM13
CHRNA3Other/UnknownnoNicotinic_acetylcholine_rcpt, Neurotrans-gated_channel_TM, Neur_channel
MCTP2Other/UnknownnoC2_dom, MCTP_C, C2_domain_sf
CHID1Other/UnknownnoGlyco_hydro18_cat, Chitinase_II/V-like_cat, GH_hydrolase_sf
CRACR2BOther/UnknownnoEF_hand_dom, EF-hand-dom_pair, Ca-binding_regulatory
CFAP221Antibody/ImmunoglobulinyesIg-like_fold, CFAP221
HYKKKinaseyes2.7.1.81Aminoglycoside_PTrfase, Kinase-like_dom_sf, Pseudomonas-type_ThrB
RPL31P11Other/Unknownno
HHIP-AS1Other/Unknownno
AP2A2Antibody/ImmunoglobulinyesClathrin/coatomer_adapt-like_N, Clathrin_a-adaptin_app_sub_C, Clathrin_a/b/g-adaptin_app_Ig
IREB2Other/UnknownnoAconitaseA/IPMdHydase_ssu_swvl, Acoase/IPM_deHydtase_lsu_aba, Aconitase/IRP2
ATF6Transcription factornobZIP, bZIP_sf, ATF_bZIP_TF

Expression context

Cohort genes with no expression data: 0.

13 cohort genes are a single-cell marker in ≥1 SCXA experiment.

Breadth distribution (Bgee present_calls)

BucketGenes
narrow (1-5 tissues)0
moderate (6-20)0
broad (>20)14
unknown0

Top tissues across cohort

TissueCohort genes
secondary oocyte2
primordial germ cell in gonad2
germinal epithelium of ovary2
body of pancreas2
olfactory segment of nasal mucosa2
tibia2
Brodmann (1909) area 231
middle temporal gyrus1
primary visual cortex1
adult mammalian kidney1
kidney epithelium1
renal medulla1
jejunal mucosa1
oocyte1
pigmented layer of retina1
thymus1
buccal mucosa cell1
right testis1
stromal cell of endometrium1
mucosa of transverse colon1

Per-gene tissue summary (top 30)

SymbolBgee breadthFANTOM5 breadthSCXATop tissues
CSMD1179broadmarkerBrodmann (1909) area 23, middle temporal gyrus, primary visual cortex
CYS1186broadmarkerkidney epithelium, renal medulla, adult mammalian kidney
FAM13A293ubiquitousmarkersecondary oocyte, oocyte, jejunal mucosa
CHRNA3179broadmarkerpigmented layer of retina, thymus, primordial germ cell in gonad
MCTP2234broadmarkergerminal epithelium of ovary, secondary oocyte, buccal mucosa cell
CHID1252ubiquitousmarkerstromal cell of endometrium, body of pancreas, right testis
CRACR2B187ubiquitousmarkerbody of pancreas, olfactory segment of nasal mucosa, mucosa of transverse colon
CFAP221181broadmarkerright uterine tube, sperm, bronchial epithelial cell
HYKK170ubiquitousmarkerolfactory segment of nasal mucosa, calcaneal tendon, ileal mucosa
RPL31P11112yescortical plate, placenta, primordial germ cell in gonad
HHIP-AS1187broadmarkermale germ line stem cell (sensu Vertebrata) in testis, sural nerve, tibia
AP2A2134ubiquitousmarkerright hemisphere of cerebellum, cerebellum, cerebellar cortex
IREB2272ubiquitousmarkertibia, germinal epithelium of ovary, palpebral conjunctiva
ATF6283ubiquitousmarkercorpus epididymis, skin of hip, upper leg skin

Protein interactions among cohort

Intra-cohort edges: 6.

Hub genes (top 10 by interactor count)

SymbolInteractor count
IREB23,944
AP2A23,243
ATF63,053
HYKK1,592
CSMD11,577
CHID11,204
CHRNA31,095
CFAP2211,000
MCTP2876
FAM13A830

Intra-cohort edges

ABSources
CHRNA3FAM13Astring_interaction
CHRNA3HYKKstring_interaction
CHRNA3IREB2string_interaction
FAM13AHYKKstring_interaction
FAM13AIREB2string_interaction
HYKKIREB2string_interaction

Structural data

PDB: 5 · AlphaFold-only: 7 · No structure: 2

Cohort genes with PDB structures (top 30)

SymbolUniProtPDB entries
CHRNA3P322975
CSMD1Q96PZ71
MCTP2Q6DN121
CHID1Q9BWS91
IREB2P482001

AlphaFold-only cohort genes (top 30 by pLDDT)

SymbolUniProtpLDDT
HYKKA2RU4993.89
AP2A2O9497385.30
CRACR2BQ8N4Y278.45
CYS1Q717R966.42
CFAP221Q4G0U563.53
FAM13AO9498861.00
ATF6P1885056.09

Function

Pathway analysis

Distinct Reactome pathways touched by cohort: 69. Enrichment computed across 14 evidence-associated genes (8 with Reactome annotation).

Pathways by enrichment

Over-representation of cohort genes vs the genome-wide background (hypergeometric test, Benjamini-Hochberg FDR; fold = observed/expected over 8 annotated cohort genes). Counts and members are kept as ground-truth; sorted by enrichment.

PathwayCohort genesFoldFDRSample cohort genes
Trafficking of myristoylated proteins to the cilium1285.5×0.043CYS1
ATF6 (ATF6-alpha) activates chaperones1237.9×0.043ATF6
Nef Mediated CD8 Down-regulation1203.9×0.043AP2A2
Highly sodium permeable postsynaptic acetylcholine nicotinic receptors1203.9×0.043CHRNA3
Nef Mediated CD4 Down-regulation1158.6×0.043AP2A2
Highly calcium permeable nicotinic acetylcholine receptors1158.6×0.043CHRNA3
ATF6 (ATF6-alpha) activates chaperone genes1142.8×0.043ATF6
Lysine catabolism1142.8×0.043HYKK
Highly calcium permeable postsynaptic nicotinic acetylcholine receptors1129.8×0.043CHRNA3
Presynaptic nicotinic acetylcholine receptors1119.0×0.043CHRNA3
WNT5A-dependent internalization of FZD2, FZD5 and ROR21109.8×0.043AP2A2
Retrograde neurotrophin signalling1102.0×0.043AP2A2
Acetylcholine binding and downstream events1102.0×0.043CHRNA3
PERK regulates gene expression1102.0×0.043ATF6
Postsynaptic nicotinic acetylcholine receptors1102.0×0.043CHRNA3
WNT5A-dependent internalization of FZD4195.2×0.043AP2A2
VLDLR internalisation and degradation189.2×0.043AP2A2
Trafficking of GluR2-containing AMPA receptors184.0×0.043AP2A2
Nef-mediates down modulation of cell surface receptors by recruiting them to clathrin adapters179.3×0.043AP2A2
The role of Nef in HIV-1 replication and disease pathogenesis179.3×0.043AP2A2
Modulation of host responses by IFN-stimulated genes175.1×0.043ATF6
LDL clearance168.0×0.046AP2A2
Plasma lipoprotein clearance159.5×0.050AP2A2
ATF4 activates genes in response to endoplasmic reticulum stress151.0×0.056ATF6
Unfolded Protein Response (UPR)144.6×0.060ATF6
Iron uptake and transport143.3×0.060IREB2
Host Interactions of HIV factors142.0×0.060AP2A2
PCP/CE pathway137.6×0.064AP2A2
Beta-catenin independent WNT signaling136.6×0.064AP2A2
Dengue Virus Attachment and Entry132.4×0.070AP2A2

GO biological processes by enrichment

Over-representation of cohort genes vs the genome-wide background (hypergeometric test, Benjamini-Hochberg FDR; fold = observed/expected over 11 annotated cohort genes). Counts and members are kept as ground-truth; sorted by enrichment.

GO termCohort genesFoldFDRSample cohort genes
regulation of acetylcholine secretion, neurotransmission11532.0×0.022CHRNA3
positive regulation of ATF6-mediated unfolded protein response11532.0×0.022ATF6
oviduct epithelium development1510.7×0.034CSMD1
synaptic transmission involved in micturition1383.0×0.034CHRNA3
mammary gland branching involved in pregnancy1383.0×0.034CSMD1
obsolete lysine catabolic process1218.9×0.034HYKK
ATF6-mediated unfolded protein response1191.5×0.034ATF6
postsynaptic neurotransmitter receptor internalization1191.5×0.034AP2A2
response to acetylcholine1191.5×0.034CHRNA3
behavioral response to nicotine1170.2×0.034CHRNA3
store-operated calcium entry1153.2×0.034CRACR2B
obsolete protoporphyrinogen IX biosynthetic process1153.2×0.034IREB2
conditioned place preference1153.2×0.034CSMD1
erythrocyte homeostasis1117.8×0.036IREB2
mucociliary clearance1117.8×0.036CFAP221
regulation of smooth muscle contraction1109.4×0.036CHRNA3
intestinal absorption1109.4×0.036IREB2
startle response1102.1×0.036CSMD1
cerebrospinal fluid circulation180.6×0.043CFAP221
synaptic transmission, cholinergic173.0×0.043CHRNA3
female gonad development173.0×0.043CSMD1
regulation of neurotransmitter secretion169.6×0.043MCTP2
regulation of dendrite morphogenesis166.6×0.043CHRNA3
sperm flagellum assembly161.3×0.043CFAP221
acetylcholine receptor signaling pathway156.7×0.043CHRNA3
neuromuscular synaptic transmission154.7×0.043CHRNA3
motile cilium assembly152.8×0.043CFAP221
multicellular organismal-level iron ion homeostasis152.8×0.043IREB2
clathrin-dependent endocytosis152.8×0.043AP2A2
membrane depolarization146.4×0.048CHRNA3

Therapeutics

Drugs indicated for this disease

12 approved, 7 in late-stage (phase 3) trials. Disease-direct ChEMBL indications, not inferred from the associated-gene cohort below.

DrugDevelopment status
AzithromycinApproved (phase 4)
BudesonideApproved (phase 4)
CefdinirApproved (phase 4)
Cefditoren PivoxilApproved (phase 4)
CefiximeApproved (phase 4)
Cefuroxime AxetilApproved (phase 4)
CiprofloxacinApproved (phase 4)
ClarithromycinApproved (phase 4)
Fluticasone PropionateApproved (phase 4)
OfloxacinApproved (phase 4)
RoflumilastApproved (phase 4)
TelithromycinApproved (phase 4)
AmoxicillinPhase 3 (in late-stage trials)
ArformoterolPhase 3 (in late-stage trials)
Clavulanic AcidPhase 3 (in late-stage trials)
Faropenem MedoxomilPhase 3 (in late-stage trials)
MoxifloxacinPhase 3 (in late-stage trials)
PrulifloxacinPhase 3 (in late-stage trials)
SalmeterolPhase 3 (in late-stage trials)

Earlier-phase candidates (phase 2, investigational — efficacy not yet established): Acetylcysteine, Erdosteine, Ivacaftor, Tozorakimab.

Drug target analysis

Approved (phase 4): 1 · Phase ≥3: 1 · Phased (≥1): 1 · Undrugged: 13

Druggability breadth: 2 of 14 evidence-associated genes (14%) have a ChEMBL target (buckets above are over the deeply-mined display cohort).

Genes with an approved drug

The molecule shown is one approved compound that hits the gene — not necessarily a drug of choice or one indicated for this disease.

SymbolExample approved molecule
CHRNA3VARENICLINE

Top cohort targets by molecule count

SymbolMoleculesMax phase
CHRNA3214
CSMD100
CYS100
FAM13A00
MCTP200
CHID100
CRACR2B00
CFAP22100
HYKK00
RPL31P1100

Drugs targeting cohort genes (top 30)

MoleculeMax phaseTargets in cohort
VARENICLINE4CHRNA3
MECAMYLAMINE4CHRNA3
NICOTINE4CHRNA3
ONDANSETRON4CHRNA3
TROPISETRON4CHRNA3
ACETYLCHOLINE4CHRNA3
BUPROPION4CHRNA3
GRANISETRON4CHRNA3
DEXMECAMYLAMINE3CHRNA3
CYTISINICLINE3CHRNA3
ALTINICLINE2CHRNA3
RADAFAXINE2CHRNA3
ANABASEINE2CHRNA3
STILONIUM IODIDE2CHRNA3
RIVANICLINE2CHRNA3
GTS-212CHRNA3
AZD14462CHRNA3
SOFINICLINE2CHRNA3
TEBANICLINE2CHRNA3
18-METHOXYCORONARIDINE2CHRNA3
TC-22161CHRNA3

Bioactivity and enzyme data

Enzyme cohort genes (≥1 EC): 1.

Cohort genes with ChEMBL bioactivity (full, sorted by assay count)

SymbolAssaysType breakdown
CHRNA3436Binding:343, Functional:91, ADMET:2
AP2A21Binding:1

Cohort enzymes (BRENDA EC)

SymbolEC numbersNames
HYKK2.7.1.81hydroxylysine kinase

Cohort genes with high screening signal

≥100 ChEMBL assays — a studied-ness signal; see Therapeutics for approved-drug status.

SymbolChEMBL assays
CHRNA3436

Pharmacogenomics

Cohort genes with a PharmGKB record: 12; with CPIC/DPWG dosing guidelines: 0.

No cohort gene has a CPIC/DPWG genotype-guided dosing guideline (PharmGKB).

Chemical tractability of cohort targets

21 approved/phased compounds have measured bioactivity against a cohort gene (and aren’t yet in disease-level trials). This is a research / tractability signal, NOT a therapeutic recommendation — a bioactivity row often reflects off-target or screening binding (e.g. promiscuous kinase inhibitors against a cohort kinase), implying no disease mechanism.

CompoundMax phaseCohort target (bioactivity)
VARENICLINE4CHRNA3
MECAMYLAMINE4CHRNA3
NICOTINE4CHRNA3
ONDANSETRON4CHRNA3
TROPISETRON4CHRNA3
ACETYLCHOLINE4CHRNA3
BUPROPION4CHRNA3
GRANISETRON4CHRNA3
DEXMECAMYLAMINE3CHRNA3
CYTISINICLINE3CHRNA3
ALTINICLINE2CHRNA3
RADAFAXINE2CHRNA3
ANABASEINE2CHRNA3
STILONIUM IODIDE2CHRNA3
RIVANICLINE2CHRNA3
GTS-212CHRNA3
AZD14462CHRNA3
SOFINICLINE2CHRNA3
TEBANICLINE2CHRNA3
18-METHOXYCORONARIDINE2CHRNA3
TC-22161CHRNA3

Druggability pyramid

Cohort genes binned by druggability tier (high → low):

TierDefinitionGenesSymbols
AApproved (phase 4 drug)1CHRNA3
BPhased (≥1) drug, not yet approved0
CDruggable family + PDB, no drug1CSMD1
DDruggable family + AlphaFold only, no drug3CFAP221, HYKK, AP2A2
EDifficult family or no structure, no drug9CYS1, FAM13A, MCTP2, CHID1, CRACR2B, RPL31P11, HHIP-AS1, IREB2, ATF6

Undrugged target profiles

13 cohort genes are undrugged. Ranked by ‘starting-point quality’ (assay depth + drugged-partner adjacency).

SymbolChEMBL assaysDrugged partners (top 3)
FAM13A0CHRNA3
HYKK0CHRNA3
CSMD10—
CYS10—
MCTP20—
CHID10—
CRACR2B0—
CFAP2210—
RPL31P110—
HHIP-AS10—
AP2A21—
IREB20—
ATF60—

Clinical trials & evidence

Clinical trials

Clinical trials: 128.

Phase distribution (across all retrieved trials)

PhaseTrials
Not specified73
PHASE424
PHASE214
PHASE312
PHASE2/PHASE32
PHASE1/PHASE22
EARLY_PHASE11

Top trials by phase / activity

NCTPhaseStatusTitle
NCT00132938PHASE4COMPLETEDPERSPECTIVE: Telithromycin - Acute Exacerbation of Chronic Bronchitis
NCT00132951PHASE4TERMINATEDKEYS: Study Comparing Clinical Health Outcomes of Telithromycin Versus Azithromycin in Outpatients With Community-acquired Lower Respiratory Tract Infections
NCT00175565PHASE4COMPLETEDInhaled Steroid Reduces Systemic Inflammation in COPD
NCT00181207PHASE4COMPLETEDAirway Clearance for Prevention of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) Exacerbation
NCT00184977PHASE4COMPLETEDCOPD on Primary Care Treatment (COOPT)
NCT00245453PHASE4WITHDRAWNOutpatient Registry Trial of Respiratory Tract Infections in Adults
NCT00288223PHASE4TERMINATEDTelithromycin in Acute Exacerbation of Chronic Bronchitis
NCT00538148PHASE4COMPLETEDTelithromycin: in the Treatment of Acute Exacerbation of Chronic Bronchitis in Adult Outpatients With COPD
NCT00633776PHASE4WITHDRAWNPerforomist Versus Foradil Evaluated by Inspiratory Capacity and High Resolution Computed Tomography (HRCT)
NCT00656747PHASE4COMPLETEDMoxifloxacin Versus Amoxicillin Clavulanic Acid in Treatment of Acute Exacerbation of Chronic Bronchitis
NCT00680056PHASE4COMPLETEDAdd-on Effects of Tiotropium Over Formoterol in Exercise Tolerance on Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Patients
NCT00720226PHASE4COMPLETEDEfficacy of Losartan in Preventing Progression of COPD
NCT01361984PHASE4UNKNOWNSunovion Brovana Versus Serevent Inspiratory Capacity High Resolution Computed Tomography
NCT01431625PHASE4UNKNOWNEffects of Exercise Training on Systemic Inflammation an Muscle Repair According to the Obstructive Chronic Pulmonary Disease (COPD) Phenotype
NCT02416102PHASE4TERMINATEDEffect of Losartan on Airway Mucociliary Dysfunction in Patients With COPD and Chronic Bronchitis
NCT02515799PHASE4COMPLETEDMucolytic Effectiveness of Tacholiquine ® in Chronic Bronchitis
NCT03073798PHASE4COMPLETEDThe Effectiveness of Roflumilast in Improving Mucociliary Clearance in Patients With COPD and Chronic Bronchitis
NCT03251911PHASE4WITHDRAWNVX-770 for the Treatment of Chronic Bronchitis
NCT04069312PHASE4COMPLETEDRoflumilast or Azithromycin to Prevent COPD Exacerbations (RELIANCE)
NCT04834531PHASE4UNKNOWNEffect of Zhuli Capsule on Phlegm-heat Syndrome (Tan-re Zheng)
NCT05075057PHASE4UNKNOWNImmunogenicity and Safety of an Inactivated COVID-19 Vaccine in Patients Aged ≥60 Years With Chronic Bronchitis and COPD
NCT05075083PHASE4UNKNOWNImmunogenicity and Safety of an Inactivated COVID-19 Vaccine in Elderly People With Chronic Bronchitis and COPD
NCT05104216PHASE4UNKNOWNImmunogenicity and Safety of a Third Dose and Immune Persistence of BBIBP-Corv Vaccine in Elderly People With Chronic Bronchitis and COPD
NCT05843669PHASE4COMPLETEDA Study to Explore if Long-term Use of Mucinex Can Help With Symptoms in Patients With Stable Chronic Bronchitis.
NCT00042718PHASE3COMPLETEDA Study of the Effectiveness and Safety of High Dose, Short-course Levofloxacin in the Treatment of Acute Bacterial Exacerbation (Worsening) of Chronic Bronchitis.
NCT00064402PHASE3COMPLETEDDetermine the Safety and Efficacy of (R,R)-Formoterol in the Treatment of Subjects With COPD
NCT00064415PHASE3COMPLETEDTo Evaluate the Long-term Safety of (R,R)-Formoterol in Subjects With COPD
NCT00254566PHASE3COMPLETEDA Trial To Evaluate Two Antibiotics For The Treatment Of Acute Exacerbation Of Chronic Bronchitis (AECB)
NCT00255983PHASE3TERMINATEDA Trial to Evaluate the Efficacy and Safety of Faropenem Medoxomil In the Treatment of Chronic Bronchitis
NCT00257140PHASE2/PHASE3COMPLETEDA Study of the Safety and Effectiveness of Levofloxacin Compared With Cefaclor in the Treatment of Adults With Chronic Bronchitis Experiencing Rapid Onset of Worsening of Symptoms Caused by Bacteria
NCT00269932PHASE3COMPLETEDA Study of the Safety and Effectiveness of Oral Levofloxacin Compared With Cefuroxime Axetil in the Treatment of Adults With Persistent Bronchitis Experiencing Rapid Onset of Severe Worsening of Symptoms Caused by Bacteria
NCT00473460PHASE3COMPLETEDIntermittent Moxifloxacin Therapy For The Prevention Of Acute Exacerbations In Patients With Chronic Bronchitis
NCT00642447PHASE2/PHASE3COMPLETEDHelium:Oxygen Noninvasive Positive Pressure Ventilation in Patients Exposed to Sulfur Mustard
NCT00644449PHASE3COMPLETEDA Multicenter, Randomized, Double-Blind, Double-Dummy Trial of Azithromycin SR Compared With Levofloxacin for the Treatment of Acute Symptoms of Chronic Bronchitis
NCT00649831PHASE3COMPLETEDA Multicentre, Randomised, Open-Label Study To Compare The Efficacy And Safety Of Azithromycin For 5 Days With Those Of Amoxicillin-Clavulanic Acid In Patients With Chronic Bronchitis
NCT01071161PHASE3COMPLETEDThe Effect of Azithromycin in Patients With Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) and Chronic Productive Cough
NCT02261350PHASE3TERMINATEDPost-hospitalisation Nutritional Support and Gait Speed in COPD
NCT03489837PHASE3COMPLETEDPhase III Study to Evaluate the Efficacy and Safety of HOB-048 CR Tab. in Comparison With HOB-048 Syrup in Patients With Cough Due to Acute or Chronic Bronchitis
NCT00035828PHASE2COMPLETEDA Blinded Study Comparing the Safety and Efficacy of a Fully Human Anti-IL8 Monoclonal Antibody (ABX-IL8) to Placebo in Patients With Chronic Bronchitis and COPD
NCT00051792PHASE1/PHASE2COMPLETEDYoga for Treating Shortness of Breath in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)

Drugs tested across these trials (top 30)

MoleculeMax phaseTrials referencing
LEVOFLOXACIN ANHYDROUS46
ARFORMOTEROL45
TELITHROMYCIN45
LOSARTAN44
AZITHROMYCIN43
OFLOXACIN43
SALMETEROL43
IVACAFTOR42
ROFLUMILAST42
ACETYLCYSTEINE41
CLARITHROMYCIN41
CLAVULANIC ACID41
ERDOSTEINE41
FLUTICASONE PROPIONATE41
FORMOTEROL FUMARATE41
MOXIFLOXACIN41
TYLOXAPOL41
FAROPENEM MEDOXOMIL31
FLUTICASONE31
LEVODROPROPIZINE31
TOZORAKIMAB31
ABX-IL821
COFIRASERSEN21
CHEMBL429938106
CHEMBL121584805
CHEMBL543550001
CHEMBL189339501
CHEMBL430343001
FORMOTEROL FUMARATE HYDRATE01

About this page

Generated deterministically by Sugi Atlas from primary biomedical databases via BioBTree. Every record on this page traces to a primary source.

Generated
Atlas version
v1.1.2
BioBTree
v2.0.2

Sources 70

This page pulls from 70 datasets indexed by BioBTree:

alphafoldantibodybgeebgee_evidencebindingdbbiogrid_interactionbrendabrenda_kineticscellosauruschembl_activitychembl_assaychembl_documentchembl_moleculechembl_targetcivic_evidenceclingen_dosageclinical_trialsclinvarctd_gene_interactiondbsnpdepmapdiamond_similarityefoensemblentrezesm2_similarityfantom5_genefantom5_promotergenccgenerifgogtopdbgtopdb_interactiongwasgwas_studyhgncicd11intactinterpromedgenmeshmimmondomondochildmondoparentncitorphanetpatent_compoundpdbpfampharmgkb_clinicalpharmgkb_genepharmgkb_guidelinepharmgkb_variantpubchempubchem_activitypubchem_assayreactomerefseqrhearnacentralsctidscxa_expressionscxa_gene_experimentsignorstring_interactiontranscriptufeatureumlsuniprot