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Atlas / Disease / Drug dependence

Drug dependence

disease
On this page

Also known as chemical dependence

Summary

Drug dependence (MONDO:0005303) is a disease (an umbrella term covering 10 Mondo subtypes) with 7 cohort genes (35 GWAS associations across 17 studies) and 47 clinical trials. Top therapeutic interventions include buprenorphine, diltiazem, and naltrexone.

At a glance

  • Umbrella term: 10 Mondo subtypes
  • Cohort genes: 7
  • GWAS associations: 35
  • Clinical trials: 47

Clinical features

No curated clinical features (Orphanet) for this disease.

Identifiers

Disease identifiers

FieldValue
Canonical namedrug dependence
Mondo IDMONDO:0005303
EFOEFO:0003890
DOIDDOID:9974
NCITC3894
SNOMED CT191816009
UMLSC1510472
MedGen307144
Is cancer (heuristic)no

Also known as: chemical dependence

Data availability: 35 GWAS associations (17 studies).

Disease family

An umbrella term covering 10 Mondo subtypes.

Classification path: disease › human disease › disease by developmental or physiological process › psychiatric disorder › substance-related disorder › substance dependence › drug dependence

Subtypes (10): barbiturate dependence, hallucinogen dependence, cocaine dependence, methamphetamine dependence, alcohol and nicotine codependence, opiate dependence, cannabis dependence, phencyclidine abuse, alcohol dependence, nicotine dependence

Genetics & variants

GWAS landscape

35 GWAS associations across 17 studies. Top hits map to 10 distinct genes (as reported by GWAS).

Top associations by p-value

rsIDp-valueGeneRisk alleleOdds ratio
rs1406179009e-12LINC02225 - LINC02101?
rs23773391e-11NCK2G13.87
rs14656412e-11NCK2; NCK2; NCK2; NCK2; NCK2; NCK2; NCK2; NCK2; NCK2; NCK2; NFASC; NCK2; NCK2; NCK2T
rs98298964e-10KAT2B?1.47
rs23944761e-09SLC25A16T0.27
rs1165447092e-08RMI2 - LITAFT4.61
rs122845947e-08PKNOX2G1.77
rs1181290278e-08YAE1-DTC3.7
rs1164412401e-07GNAO1T2.75
rs117644303e-07CPVLT1.37
rs115002373e-07ARL14EP-DTC2.31
rs556706243e-07UBE2V1P14 - RRN3P4T1.87
rs14172058e-07GNG5P5 - RN7SL700PA0.06
rs168579491e-06UBE2V1P14 - RRN3P4A0.56
rs99008082e-06ELAC2 - LINC02093A0.08
rs1489952642e-06ADH5P2 - HMGB1P18C2.62
rs69063292e-06OFCC1 - RPL7AP36T0.42
rs792455422e-06HMGB1P47 - RNA5SP182A0.4
rs15735354e-06NELL1 - ANO5A0.03
rs773380734e-06RPL9P21 - TMEM72-AS1A2.72
rs2720434e-06DPP10 - MTCYBP39T0.63
rs47894005e-06MGAT5B - Metazoa_SRPA0.07
rs104556576e-06LINC02549T0.03
rs94589757e-06SNX9 - SYNJ2T0.03
rs1150622927e-06NRXN1T2.68
rs14602128e-06RSAD1 - MYCBPAPA2.32

Top studies (by case count)

StudyLead authorYearCasesControlsTitle
GCST008914Wetherill L20192,9274,364Genome-wide association study identifies loci associated with liability to alcohol and drug dependence that is associated with variability in reward-related ventral striatum activity in African- and European-Americans.
GCST003601Johnson EO20162,0171,725KAT2B polymorphism identified for drug abuse in African Americans with regulatory links to drug abuse pathways in human prefrontal cortex.
GCST90018924Sakaue S2021868482,988A cross-population atlas of genetic associations for 220 human phenotypes.
GCST000009Liu QR20065600Addiction molecular genetics: 639,401 SNP whole genome association identifies many “cell adhesion” genes.
GCST90042845Jiang L2021558145,548A generalized linear mixed model association tool for biobank-scale data.
GCST90651232Liu TY2025514230,991Diversity and longitudinal records: Genetic architecture of disease associations and polygenic risk in the Taiwanese Han population.
GCST90042846Jiang L2021501145,605A generalized linear mixed model association tool for biobank-scale data.
GCST90026484Cox J20213935,287Genome-wide association study of stimulant dependence.
GCST90026485Cox J20213935,278Genome-wide association study of stimulant dependence.
GCST90042847Jiang L2021280145,826A generalized linear mixed model association tool for biobank-scale data.

Variant details and genetic-evidence tiers

Tier distribution (top 50 variants)

TierVariants
Tier 1: coding0
Tier 2: splice/UTR1
Tier 3: regulatory0
Tier 4: intronic/intergenic25

MAF distribution

BucketVariants
common (>=0.05)19
low_freq (0.01-0.05)4
rare (<0.01)0
unknown3

Functional consequences

ConsequenceCount
intron_variant16
intergenic_variant7
intron_variant; intron_variant; intron_variant; intron_variant; intron_variant; intron_variant; intron_variant; intron_variant; intron_variant; intron_variant; intron_variant; intron_variant; intron_variant; intron_variant1
3_prime_UTR_variant1
non_coding_transcript_exon_variant1

Top variants

rsIDChrPosAllelesMAFConsequenceGenep-valueTier
rs140617900558073926G>Aintergenic_variantLINC02225 - LINC021019e-12Tier 4: intronic/intergenic
rs23773392105840835A>G0.016intron_variantNCK21e-11Tier 4: intronic/intergenic
rs14656412;2;2;2;2;2;2;2;2;2;1;2;2;2105822480C>A,G,T0.05intron_variant; intron_variant; intron_variant; intron_variant; intron_variant; intron_variant; intron_variant; intron_variant; intron_variant; intron_variant; intron_variant; intron_variant; intron_variant; intron_variantNCK2; NCK2; NCK2; NCK2; NCK2; NCK2; NCK2; NCK2; NCK2; NCK2; NFASC; NCK2; NCK2; NCK22e-11Tier 4: intronic/intergenic
rs9829896320135980C>A,T0.22intron_variantKAT2B4e-10Tier 4: intronic/intergenic
rs23944761068496075G>C,Tintron_variantSLC25A161e-09Tier 4: intronic/intergenic
rs1165447091611442913C>T0.013intron_variantRMI2 - LITAF2e-08Tier 4: intronic/intergenic
rs1228459411125309957A>C,G,T0.05intron_variantPKNOX27e-08Tier 4: intronic/intergenic
rs118129027739545812T>C0.04intron_variantYAE1-DT8e-08Tier 4: intronic/intergenic
rs1164412401656343996C>A,G,T3_prime_UTR_variantGNAO11e-07Tier 2: splice/UTR
rs11764430729022108C>T0.05intron_variantCPVL3e-07Tier 4: intronic/intergenic
rs115002371130054653G>C0.05intron_variantARL14EP-DT3e-07Tier 4: intronic/intergenic
rs556706242142785921C>T0.05intron_variantUBE2V1P14 - RRN3P43e-07Tier 4: intronic/intergenic
rs14172051347324744A>C,G,T0.05intron_variantGNG5P5 - RN7SL700P8e-07Tier 4: intronic/intergenic
rs168579492142719167A>G0.05intergenic_variantUBE2V1P14 - RRN3P41e-06Tier 4: intronic/intergenic
rs99008081713159478G>A0.04intron_variantELAC2 - LINC020932e-06Tier 4: intronic/intergenic
rs148995264180022203G>C0.05intron_variantADH5P2 - HMGB1P182e-06Tier 4: intronic/intergenic
rs6906329610013095T>C0.05intergenic_variantOFCC1 - RPL7AP362e-06Tier 4: intronic/intergenic
rs79245542551549888A>G0.05intron_variantHMGB1P47 - RNA5SP1822e-06Tier 4: intronic/intergenic
rs15735351121599402A>C,G,T0.44intergenic_variantNELL1 - ANO54e-06Tier 4: intronic/intergenic
rs773380731044509847G>A0.05non_coding_transcript_exon_variantRPL9P21 - TMEM72-AS14e-06Tier 4: intronic/intergenic
rs2720432115868208C>G,T0.05intron_variantDPP10 - MTCYBP394e-06Tier 4: intronic/intergenic
rs47894001777001815A>G0.08intergenic_variantMGAT5B - Metazoa_SRP5e-06Tier 4: intronic/intergenic
rs10455657668275038T>G0.19intron_variantLINC025496e-06Tier 4: intronic/intergenic
rs94589756157968709C>G,T0.45intergenic_variantSNX9 - SYNJ27e-06Tier 4: intronic/intergenic
rs115062292250318451G>T0.05intron_variantNRXN17e-06Tier 4: intronic/intergenic
rs14602121750501142A>C,T0.05intergenic_variantRSAD1 - MYCBPAP8e-06Tier 4: intronic/intergenic

Genes & proteins

Mendelian disease overlap and somatic drivers

GenCC: 0 · Orphanet: 0 · OMIM-shared: 0 · Dual-evidence (GWAS+Mendelian): 0

Cohort genes → proteins

7 cohort genes, 6 distinct canonical proteins.

Evidence partition

SubsetGenes
gwas_only7

Cohort genes (full)

SymbolHGNCEnsemblUniProtNameEvidence
SYNJ2HGNC:11504ENSG00000078269O15056Synaptojanin-2gwas
PKNOX2HGNC:16714ENSG00000165495Q96KN3Homeobox protein PKNOX2gwas
MGAT5BHGNC:24140ENSG00000167889Q3V5L5Alpha-1,6-mannosylglycoprotein 6-beta-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase Bgwas
GNG5P5HGNC:33554ENSG00000234590G protein subunit gamma 5 pseudogene 5gwas
NCK2HGNC:7665ENSG00000071051O43639Cytoplasmic protein NCK2gwas
NELL1HGNC:7750ENSG00000165973Q92832Protein kinase C-binding protein NELL1gwas
KAT2BHGNC:8638ENSG00000114166Q92831Histone acetyltransferase KAT2Bgwas

Cohort function summary

Lead sentence per gene, UniProt-curated.

SymbolProtein nameFunction (lead sentence)
SYNJ2Synaptojanin-2Inositol 5-phosphatase which may be involved in distinct membrane trafficking and signal transduction pathways.
MGAT5BAlpha-1,6-mannosylglycoprotein 6-beta-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase BGlycosyltransferase that acts on alpha-linked mannose of N-glycans and O-mannosyl glycans.
NCK2Cytoplasmic protein NCK2Adapter protein which associates with tyrosine-phosphorylated growth factor receptors or their cellular substrates.
NELL1Protein kinase C-binding protein NELL1Plays a role in the control of cell growth and differentiation.
KAT2BHistone acetyltransferase KAT2BFunctions as a histone acetyltransferase (HAT) to promote transcriptional activation.

Protein-family classification

Druggable: 1 · Difficult: 2 · Unknown: 4 · Druggable fraction: 0.14

Family distribution

Cohort families vs a genome-wide background (hypergeometric, BH-FDR; fold = observed/expected). Counts kept; sorted by enrichment, so the catch-all Other/Unknown bucket no longer leads.

FamilyGenesFoldFDR
Scaffold/PPI12.5×0.626
Enzyme (other)11.7×0.626
Transcription factor11.2×0.626
Other/Unknown41.0×0.626

Per-gene assignment

SymbolFamilyDruggable?ECInterPro (top 3)
SYNJ2Other/UnknownnoIPPc, RRM_dom, SAC_dom
PKNOX2Transcription factornoHD, KN_HD, Homeodomain-like_sf
MGAT5BOther/UnknownnoGT18_cat, MGAT5_Glycosyltransferase
GNG5P5Other/Unknownno
NCK2Scaffold/PPInoSH2, SH3_domain, NCK
NELL1Other/UnknownnoEGF-type_Asp/Asn_hydroxyl_site, EGF, VWF_dom
KAT2BEnzyme (other)yes2.3.1.48GNAT_dom, Bromodomain, PCAF_N

Expression context

Cohort genes with no expression data: 0.

5 cohort genes are a single-cell marker in ≥1 SCXA experiment.

Breadth distribution (Bgee present_calls)

BucketGenes
narrow (1-5 tissues)0
moderate (6-20)1
broad (>20)6
unknown0

Top tissues across cohort

TissueCohort genes
right frontal lobe2
cortical plate2
ventricular zone2
buccal mucosa cell2
C1 segment of cervical spinal cord1
inferior vagus X ganglion1
medial globus pallidus1
pigmented layer of retina1
sural nerve1
Brodmann (1909) area 91
oocyte1
colonic epithelium1
hair follicle1
lower esophagus mucosa1
endothelial cell1
lateral globus pallidus1
trabecular bone tissue1

Per-gene tissue summary (top 30)

SymbolBgee breadthFANTOM5 breadthSCXATop tissues
SYNJ2282ubiquitousmarkerinferior vagus X ganglion, medial globus pallidus, C1 segment of cervical spinal cord
PKNOX2236broadyespigmented layer of retina, sural nerve, right frontal lobe
MGAT5B158broadmarkerright frontal lobe, Brodmann (1909) area 9, oocyte
GNG5P59yescolonic epithelium, ventricular zone, cortical plate
NCK2289ubiquitousmarkercortical plate, lower esophagus mucosa, hair follicle
NELL1178broadmarkerendothelial cell, buccal mucosa cell, ventricular zone
KAT2B294ubiquitousmarkerlateral globus pallidus, trabecular bone tissue, buccal mucosa cell

Protein interactions among cohort

Intra-cohort edges: 0.

Hub genes (top 10 by interactor count)

SymbolInteractor count
KAT2B4,410
NCK22,521
NELL12,439
MGAT5B2,104
SYNJ21,729
PKNOX21,093
GNG5P50

Structural data

PDB: 4 · AlphaFold-only: 2 · No structure: 1

Cohort genes with PDB structures (top 30)

SymbolUniProtPDB entries
KAT2BQ9283125
NCK2O436399
SYNJ2O150561
NELL1Q928321

AlphaFold-only cohort genes (top 30 by pLDDT)

SymbolUniProtpLDDT
MGAT5BQ3V5L582.58
PKNOX2Q96KN361.38

Function

Pathway analysis

Distinct Reactome pathways touched by cohort: 83. Enrichment computed across 7 evidence-associated genes (4 with Reactome annotation).

Pathways by enrichment

Over-representation of cohort genes vs the genome-wide background (hypergeometric test, Benjamini-Hochberg FDR; fold = observed/expected over 4 annotated cohort genes). Counts and members are kept as ground-truth; sorted by enrichment.

PathwayCohort genesFoldFDRSample cohort genes
DAG1 core M2 glycosylations1571.0×0.037MGAT5B
Regulation of cortical dendrite branching1571.0×0.037NCK2
Regulation of FOXO transcriptional activity by acetylation1285.5×0.037KAT2B
Activation of RAC11203.9×0.037NCK2
RUNX3 regulates NOTCH signaling1203.9×0.037KAT2B
YAP1- and WWTR1 (TAZ)-stimulated gene expression1190.3×0.037KAT2B
Regulation of beta-cell development1178.4×0.037KAT2B
Regulation of gene expression in late stage (branching morphogenesis) pancreatic bud precursor cells1178.4×0.037KAT2B
Physiological factors1167.9×0.037KAT2B
Ephrin signaling1142.8×0.037NCK2
NOTCH4 Intracellular Domain Regulates Transcription1142.8×0.037KAT2B
Signaling by NOTCH31129.8×0.037KAT2B
Signaling by NOTCH41124.1×0.037KAT2B
Nephrin family interactions1119.0×0.037NCK2
NOTCH3 Intracellular Domain Regulates Transcription1109.8×0.037KAT2B
Signaling by NOTCH1 PEST Domain Mutants in Cancer1102.0×0.037KAT2B
Signaling by NOTCH1 in Cancer1102.0×0.037KAT2B
Signaling by NOTCH1 HD+PEST Domain Mutants in Cancer1102.0×0.037KAT2B
Notch-HLH transcription pathway1102.0×0.037KAT2B
Formation of paraxial mesoderm1102.0×0.037KAT2B
Downstream signal transduction195.2×0.037NCK2
Pre-NOTCH Expression and Processing192.1×0.037KAT2B
PI Metabolism189.2×0.037SYNJ2
Signaling by NOTCH1189.2×0.037KAT2B
Positive epigenetic regulation of rRNA expression186.5×0.037KAT2B
FOXO-mediated transcription184.0×0.037KAT2B
Metalloprotease DUBs175.1×0.037KAT2B
RNA Polymerase I Promoter Clearance173.2×0.037KAT2B
RNA Polymerase I Transcription171.4×0.037KAT2B
RHOV GTPase cycle171.4×0.037NCK2

GO biological processes by enrichment

Over-representation of cohort genes vs the genome-wide background (hypergeometric test, Benjamini-Hochberg FDR; fold = observed/expected over 6 annotated cohort genes). Counts and members are kept as ground-truth; sorted by enrichment.

GO termCohort genesFoldFDRSample cohort genes
negative regulation of rRNA processing11404.3×0.018KAT2B
N-terminal peptidyl-lysine acetylation1936.2×0.018KAT2B
regulation of translation initiation in response to endoplasmic reticulum stress1936.2×0.018NCK2
positive regulation of translation in response to endoplasmic reticulum stress1702.2×0.018NCK2
positive regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter by glucose1561.7×0.018KAT2B
internal peptidyl-lysine acetylation1561.7×0.018KAT2B
negative regulation of centriole replication1401.2×0.018KAT2B
signal complex assembly1351.1×0.018NCK2
positive regulation of attachment of mitotic spindle microtubules to kinetochore1351.1×0.018KAT2B
negative regulation of osteoblast proliferation1255.3×0.018NELL1
positive regulation of endoplasmic reticulum stress-induced intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway1255.3×0.018NCK2
protein acetylation1234.1×0.018KAT2B
cellular response to parathyroid hormone stimulus1234.1×0.018KAT2B
negative regulation of PERK-mediated unfolded protein response1234.1×0.018NCK2
immunological synapse formation1216.1×0.018NCK2
regulation of osteoblast differentiation1216.1×0.018NELL1
positive regulation of fatty acid biosynthetic process1216.1×0.018KAT2B
dendritic spine development1200.6×0.018NCK2
positive regulation of ossification1156.0×0.022NELL1
negative regulation of ferroptosis1133.8×0.022KAT2B
positive regulation of gluconeogenesis1127.7×0.022KAT2B
regulation of cell division1127.7×0.022KAT2B
negative regulation of cell population proliferation214.0×0.022NCK2, KAT2B
positive regulation of glycolytic process1112.3×0.024KAT2B
phosphatidylinositol dephosphorylation1108.0×0.024SYNJ2
membrane organization185.1×0.029SYNJ2
lamellipodium assembly173.9×0.031NCK2
synaptic vesicle endocytosis172.0×0.031SYNJ2
limb development168.5×0.031KAT2B
positive regulation of bone mineralization165.3×0.031NELL1

Therapeutics

Drugs indicated or in trials for this disease

6 approved drugs — disease-direct ChEMBL indications, not inferred from the associated-gene cohort below.

DrugStatus
BuprenorphineApproved (phase 4)
DextroamphetamineApproved (phase 4)
Levomethadyl AcetateApproved (phase 4)
LofexidineApproved (phase 4)
MethadoneApproved (phase 4)
OxycodoneApproved (phase 4)

37 drugs in clinical trials for this disease (phase 2–3, investigational): efficacy not established — a trial record, not an indication.

DrugHighest phase
MemantinePhase 3
MinocyclinePhase 3
NalmefenePhase 3
NaloxonePhase 3
NaltrexonePhase 3
AtomoxetinePhase 2
BaclofenPhase 2
BupropionPhase 2
CarbamazepinePhase 2
ClonidinePhase 2
CycloserinePhase 2
DextromethorphanPhase 2
EscitalopramPhase 2
FlumazenilPhase 2
GabapentinPhase 2
GuanfacinePhase 2
IcosapentPhase 2
IsofluranePhase 2
LamotriginePhase 2
MethylphenidatePhase 2
MirtazapinePhase 2
MoclobemidePhase 2
ModafinilPhase 2
Nitric OxidePhase 2
Nitrous OxidePhase 2
OxytocinPhase 2
PergolidePhase 2
RamelteonPhase 2
ReserpinePhase 2
RisperidonePhase 2
RotigotinePhase 2
SemaglutidePhase 2
SertralinePhase 2
SevofluranePhase 2
TriazolamPhase 2
VareniclinePhase 2
ZolpidemPhase 2

Drug target analysis

Approved (phase 4): 1 · Phase ≥3: 2 · Phased (≥1): 2 · Undrugged: 5

Druggability breadth: 2 of 7 evidence-associated genes (29%) have a ChEMBL target (buckets above are over the deeply-mined display cohort).

Genes with an approved drug

The molecule shown is one approved compound that hits the gene — not necessarily a drug of choice or one indicated for this disease.

SymbolExample approved molecule
SYNJ2PYRVINIUM

Top cohort targets by molecule count

SymbolMoleculesMax phase
SYNJ234
KAT2B33
PKNOX200
MGAT5B00
GNG5P500
NCK200
NELL100

Drugs targeting cohort genes (top 30)

MoleculeMax phaseTargets in cohort
PYRVINIUM4SYNJ2
CHLORHEXIDINE4SYNJ2
COENZYME_A3KAT2B
EPIGALOCATECHIN GALLATE3KAT2B
AMPELOPSIN2SYNJ2
PLUMBAGIN1KAT2B

Bioactivity and enzyme data

Enzyme cohort genes (≥1 EC): 1.

Cohort genes with ChEMBL bioactivity (full, sorted by assay count)

SymbolAssaysType breakdown
KAT2B217Binding:217
SYNJ27Binding:7

Cohort enzymes (BRENDA EC)

SymbolEC numbersNames
KAT2B2.3.1.48histone acetyltransferase

Cohort genes with high screening signal

≥100 ChEMBL assays — a studied-ness signal; see Therapeutics for approved-drug status.

SymbolChEMBL assays
KAT2B217

Pharmacogenomics

Cohort genes with a PharmGKB record: 6; with CPIC/DPWG dosing guidelines: 0.

No cohort gene has a CPIC/DPWG genotype-guided dosing guideline (PharmGKB).

Chemical tractability of cohort targets

6 approved/phased compounds have measured bioactivity against a cohort gene (and aren’t yet in disease-level trials). This is a research / tractability signal, NOT a therapeutic recommendation — a bioactivity row often reflects off-target or screening binding (e.g. promiscuous kinase inhibitors against a cohort kinase), implying no disease mechanism.

CompoundMax phaseCohort target (bioactivity)
PYRVINIUM4SYNJ2
CHLORHEXIDINE4SYNJ2
COENZYME_A3KAT2B
EPIGALOCATECHIN GALLATE3KAT2B
AMPELOPSIN2SYNJ2
PLUMBAGIN1KAT2B

Druggability pyramid

Cohort genes binned by druggability tier (high → low):

TierDefinitionGenesSymbols
AApproved (phase 4 drug)1SYNJ2
BPhased (≥1) drug, not yet approved1KAT2B
CDruggable family + PDB, no drug0
DDruggable family + AlphaFold only, no drug0
EDifficult family or no structure, no drug5PKNOX2, MGAT5B, GNG5P5, NCK2, NELL1

Undrugged target profiles

5 cohort genes are undrugged. Ranked by ‘starting-point quality’ (assay depth + drugged-partner adjacency).

SymbolChEMBL assaysDrugged partners (top 3)
PKNOX20—
MGAT5B0—
GNG5P50—
NCK20—
NELL10—

Clinical trials & evidence

Clinical trials

Clinical trials: 47.

Phase distribution (across all retrieved trials)

PhaseTrials
Not specified30
PHASE47
PHASE33
PHASE2/PHASE32
PHASE1/PHASE22
PHASE12
PHASE21

Top trials by phase / activity

NCTPhaseStatusTitle
NCT00367874PHASE4COMPLETEDTreatment of Polydrug-Using Opiate Dependents During Withdrawal
NCT00604188PHASE4COMPLETEDA Randomized Acceptability and Safety Study of Suboxone Induction in Heroin Users (P05042)(COMPLETED)
NCT00605033PHASE4COMPLETEDA Randomized Acceptability and Safety Study of the Transfer From Subutex to Suboxone in Opioid- Dependent Subjects (Study P04843)(COMPLETED)
NCT00798538PHASE4COMPLETEDIntegration of Buprenorphine Into HIV Clinical Settings - Primary Care Model (PCM)
NCT00975416PHASE4TERMINATEDOxytocin and Cognitive Behavioral Therapy in Drug Dependence
NCT01843023PHASE4COMPLETEDExtended Release Naltrexone for Opioid-Dependent Youth
NCT02396979PHASE4COMPLETEDIntervention of HIV, Drug Use and the Criminal Justice System in Malaysia
NCT00260481PHASE2/PHASE3COMPLETEDPrometa Pharmacotherapy for Methamphetamine Dependence
NCT00278447PHASE3COMPLETEDAddiction Health Evaluation And Disease Management (AHEAD) Study
NCT00876941PHASE3COMPLETEDAssessing Screening Plus Brief Intervention’s Resulting Efficacy (ASPIRE) to Stop Drug Use
NCT01382316PHASE3COMPLETEDMaking Alcoholics Anonymous Easier
NCT02543944PHASE2/PHASE3COMPLETEDImproving Treatment Outcomes for Prescription Opioid Dependence
NCT00183118PHASE1/PHASE2COMPLETEDRussia PREVENT (HIV Prevention Partnership in Russian Alcohol Treatment)
NCT01246401PHASE1/PHASE2COMPLETEDNaltrexone for Opioid Dependent Released Human Immunodeficiency Virus Positive (HIV+) Criminal Justice Populations
NCT04003948PHASE2COMPLETEDPreliminary Efficacy and Safety of Ibogaine in the Treatment of Methadone Detoxification
NCT00593463PHASE1COMPLETEDDrug Discrimination in Methadone-Maintained Humans Study 1
NCT01068847PHASE1COMPLETEDDrug Discrimination in Methadone-Maintained Humans Study 3
NCT03539575Not specifiedACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITINGCB1R in Synthetic Psychoactive Cannabinoids
NCT04141202Not specifiedRECRUITINGStructured Physical Exercise in Short-term Inpatient Treatment of Substance Use Disorder
NCT00005765Not specifiedCOMPLETEDBehavioral Economics of Human Drug Self-Administration
NCT00047866Not specifiedCOMPLETEDBrain Function in Response to Motivational Stimuli
NCT00265512Not specifiedCOMPLETEDLINK: Aftercare Monitoring Project
NCT00579267Not specifiedCOMPLETEDReliability and Validity of the MINI International Neuropsychiatric Interview for Children and Adolescents (MINI-KID)
NCT00675532Not specifiedWITHDRAWNTesting a Primary Care Model for the Treatment of Opioid Dependence Using Long-acting Injectable Naltrexone (Vivitrol).
NCT00706901Not specifiedCOMPLETEDImpact of Group Motivational Interviewing and In-Home-Messaging-Devices for Dually Diagnosed Veterans
NCT00882648Not specifiedCOMPLETEDThe Effect of Fetal Gender on Maternal Substance Abuse Treatment
NCT01036126Not specifiedCOMPLETEDAutomatic Versus Evaluative Components of Cue Reactivity
NCT01052675Not specifiedCOMPLETEDPharmacological, Clinical and Statistical Assessment of a New Tool Available for Pharmacodependence Report Evaluation
NCT01096550Not specifiedCOMPLETEDIntensive Outpatient Versus Outpatient Treatment With Buprenorphine Among African Americans
NCT01171677Not specifiedCOMPLETEDImpact of Exercise and Affirmations (IntenSati) on Addiction-related Cognitive and Psychosocial Deficits
NCT01338506Not specifiedCOMPLETEDIntegrated Treatment of OEF/OIF Veterans With PTSD & Substance Use Disorders
NCT01449981Not specifiedCOMPLETEDDevelopment and Testing of Adolescent Twelve-Step Facilitation
NCT01550341Not specifiedCOMPLETEDHIV, Buprenorphine, and the Criminal Justice System
NCT02124980Not specifiedCOMPLETEDAutomated Recovery Line for Medication Assisted Treatment
NCT02130921Not specifiedCOMPLETEDEnhancing the Role of Commune Health Workers in HIV and Drug Control: A Randomized Controlled Trial
NCT02224508Not specifiedCOMPLETEDEvaluation of a Health Plan Initiative to Mitigate Chronic Opioid Therapy Risks
NCT02281175Not specifiedCOMPLETEDHow to Ease the Withdrawal of Tranquilizers Among Older Consumers?
NCT02525731Not specifiedCOMPLETEDTargeting Effective Analgesia in Clinics for HIV - Patient Cohort
NCT02564341Not specifiedCOMPLETEDTargeting Effective Analgesia in Clinics for HIV - Intervention
NCT02656745Not specifiedCOMPLETEDClinical Trial of Smoking Cessation Mobile Phone Program

Drugs tested across these trials (top 30)

MoleculeMax phaseTrials referencing
BUPRENORPHINE44
DILTIAZEM43
NALTREXONE43
CLONIDINE42
VALPROIC ACID42
CYCLOSERINE41
ISRADIPINE41
METAPROTERENOL SULFATE41
METHADONE41
NIFEDIPINE41
OXYTOCIN41
VERAPAMIL41
DEXVERAPAMIL21
IBOGAINE21
CHEMBL45284503
CHEMBL430335801
CHEMBL121585501
CHEMBL526637101
(R)-ISRADIPINE01
(S)-ISRADIPINE01

About this page

Generated deterministically by Sugi Atlas from primary biomedical databases via BioBTree. Every record on this page traces to a primary source.

Generated
Atlas version
v1.1.4
BioBTree
v2.0.2

Sources 71

This page pulls from 71 datasets indexed by BioBTree:

alphafoldantibodybgeebgee_evidencebindingdbbiogrid_interactionbrendabrenda_kineticscellosauruschembl_activitychembl_assaychembl_documentchembl_moleculechembl_targetcivic_evidenceclingen_dosageclinical_trialsclinvarctd_gene_interactiondbsnpdepmapdiamond_similaritydoidefoensemblentrezesm2_similarityfantom5_genefantom5_promotergenccgenerifgogtopdbgtopdb_interactiongwasgwas_studyhgncintactinterpromedgenmeshmimmondomondochildmondoparentncitorphanetpatentpatent_compoundpdbpfampharmgkb_clinicalpharmgkb_genepharmgkb_guidelinepharmgkb_variantpubchempubchem_activitypubchem_assayreactomerefseqrhearnacentralsctidscxa_expressionscxa_gene_experimentsignorstring_interactiontranscriptufeatureumlsuniprot