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Drug-induced dyskinesia

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Summary

Drug-induced dyskinesia (MONDO:0006732) is a disease with 10 cohort genes (62 GWAS associations across 6 studies) and 1 clinical trial. Top therapeutic interventions include amantadine and topiramate.

At a glance

  • Cohort genes: 10
  • GWAS associations: 62
  • Clinical trials: 1

Clinical features

No curated clinical features (Orphanet) for this disease.

Identifiers

Disease identifiers

FieldValue
Canonical namedrug-induced dyskinesia
Mondo IDMONDO:0006732
EFOEFO:1000904
MeSHD004409
SNOMED CT102448004
UMLSC0013386
MedGen3935
MedDRA10013916
Is cancer (heuristic)no

Data availability: 62 GWAS associations (6 studies).

Disease family

Classification path: disease › human disease › disease by body system or component › nervous system disorder › drug-induced dyskinesia

Related subtypes (71): congenital nervous system disorder, central nervous system disorder, autoimmune disorder of the nervous system, cranial nerve neuropathy, peripheral nervous system disorder, neuronitis, diplegia of upper limb, retinal disorder, developmental disability, restless legs syndrome, movement disorder, toxic encephalopathy, Barre-Lieou syndrome, Gerstmann syndrome, drug-induced akathisia, stiff-person syndrome, Worster-Drought syndrome, corneal-cerebellar syndrome, pachygyria-intellectual disability-epilepsy syndrome, porencephaly-cerebellar hypoplasia-internal malformations syndrome, symmetrical thalamic calcifications, neonatal brainstem dysfunction, primary orthostatic hypotension, rippling muscle disease with myasthenia gravis, periodic paralysis, qualitative or quantitative protein defects in neuromuscular diseases, specific learning disability, cerebellar hypoplasia-tapetoretinal degeneration syndrome, locked-in syndrome, dopa-responsive dystonia, idiopathic recurrent stupor, chronic lymphocytic inflammation with pontine perivascular enhancement responsive to steroids, spontaneous periodic hypothermia, Sydenham chorea, duplication of the pituitary gland, Balint syndrome, paraneoplastic neurologic syndrome, persistent idiopathic facial pain, serotonin syndrome, hypothalamic adipsic hypernatraemia syndrome, exercise-induced malignant hyperthermia, perineural cyst, neuromuscular disease, neuromyelitis optica, AL amyloidosis, AA amyloidosis, neuroleptic malignant syndrome, infectious disorder of the nervous system, central nervous system malformation, synaptopathy, nervous system neoplasm, sensory ganglionopathy, radiculitis, wet beriberi, perceptual disorders, prepubertal anorexia nervosa, neurocutaneous syndrome, neurovascular disorder, Wallerian degeneration, nervous system injury, neurosarcoidosis, neuroendocrine disorder, tubulinopathy, atactic disorder, hereditary neurological disease, meningitis-retention syndrome, KIF1A related neurological disorder, neurological pain disorder, neurodevelopmental disorder, post 5-alpha-reductase inhibitors treatment syndrome, post-selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor sexual dysfunction

Genetics & variants

GWAS landscape

62 GWAS associations across 6 studies. Top hits map to 11 distinct genes (as reported by GWAS).

Top associations by p-value

rsIDp-valueGeneRisk alleleOdds ratio
rs1890932132e-09LINC02353 - MAPRE1P2?3.08
rs1508741343e-09LINC02353 - MAPRE1P2?3.09
rs1809248186e-09PLA2G10FP - SPRING1P3?0.32
rs1441252918e-09CAPN13 - GALNT14T5.45
rs70275092e-08BRD3?0.71
rs726731892e-08LRP8?2.76
rs123808925e-08BRD3 - ARF4P1?0.73
rs1380475895e-08BRD3 - ARF4P1?0.73
rs1408032695e-08BRD3 - ARF4P1?0.73
rs1455871415e-08BRD3 - ARF4P1?0.73
rs1483986795e-08BRD3 - ARF4P1?0.73
rs1504300505e-08BRD3 - ARF4P1?0.73
rs20787785e-08BRD3 - ARF4P1?0.73
rs5496132945e-08BRD3 - ARF4P1?0.73
rs96577035e-08BRD3 - ARF4P1?0.73
rs96577045e-08BRD3 - ARF4P1?0.73
rs108215455e-08BRD3 - ARF4P1?0.72
rs1427929195e-08BRD3 - ARF4P1?0.72
rs1458450845e-08BRD3 - ARF4P1?0.72
rs1465853565e-08BRD3 - ARF4P1?0.72
rs1489395775e-08BRD3 - ARF4P1?0.72
rs108215525e-08BRD3 - ARF4P1?0.73
rs108215545e-08BRD3 - ARF4P1?0.73
rs108215555e-08BRD3 - ARF4P1?0.73
rs108215565e-08BRD3 - ARF4P1?0.73
rs109939055e-08BRD3?0.73
rs109939185e-08BRD3 - ARF4P1?0.73
rs123770895e-08BRD3 - ARF4P1?0.73
rs14004631405e-08IGBP1P1 - SRP54-AS1?0.73
chr14:349455055e-08?0.73

Top studies (by case count)

StudyLead authorYearCasesControlsTitle
GCST90281037Sosero YL20241,6123,175Dopamine Pathway and Parkinson’s Risk Variants Are Associated with Levodopa-Induced Dyskinesia.
GCST011065Ryu HS20201720Genomic Analysis Identifies New Loci Associated With Motor Complications in Parkinson’s Disease.
GCST90624185Wan Y2025460Integrative Approaches Identify Genetic Determinants of Levodopa Induced Dyskinesia.
GCST90624186Wan Y2025460Integrative Approaches Identify Genetic Determinants of Levodopa Induced Dyskinesia.
GCST90281038Sosero YL202400Dopamine Pathway and Parkinson’s Risk Variants Are Associated with Levodopa-Induced Dyskinesia.
GCST90428054Martinez-Carrasco A202300Genetic meta-analysis of levodopa induced dyskinesia in Parkinson’s disease.

Variant details and genetic-evidence tiers

Tier distribution (top 50 variants)

TierVariants
Tier 1: coding0
Tier 2: splice/UTR0
Tier 3: regulatory1
Tier 4: intronic/intergenic45

MAF distribution

BucketVariants
common (>=0.05)40
low_freq (0.01-0.05)1
rare (<0.01)0
unknown5

Functional consequences

ConsequenceCount
intergenic_variant30
intron_variant14
regulatory_region_variant1
unknown1

Top variants

rsIDChrPosAllelesMAFConsequenceGenep-valueTier
rs189093213432433662G>Aintergenic_variantLINC02353 - MAPRE1P22e-09Tier 4: intronic/intergenic
rs150874134432375035T>A,Cintergenic_variantLINC02353 - MAPRE1P23e-09Tier 4: intronic/intergenic
rs1809248181616951118A>G,T0.05intergenic_variantPLA2G10FP - SPRING1P36e-09Tier 4: intronic/intergenic
rs144125291230883189C>T0.07intergenic_variantCAPN13 - GALNT148e-09Tier 4: intronic/intergenic
rs70275099134062754C>G,T0.05intron_variantBRD32e-08Tier 4: intronic/intergenic
rs72673189153312628G>A0.05intron_variantLRP82e-08Tier 4: intronic/intergenic
rs123808929134075958G>A,C0.05intergenic_variantBRD3 - ARF4P15e-08Tier 4: intronic/intergenic
rs1380475899134075920C>A,T0.05intergenic_variantBRD3 - ARF4P15e-08Tier 4: intronic/intergenic
rs1408032699134075927C>G,T0.05intergenic_variantBRD3 - ARF4P15e-08Tier 4: intronic/intergenic
rs1455871419134075966G>A,C,T0.05intergenic_variantBRD3 - ARF4P15e-08Tier 4: intronic/intergenic
rs1483986799134076084C>G,T0.05intergenic_variantBRD3 - ARF4P15e-08Tier 4: intronic/intergenic
rs1504300509134075208C>A,T0.05intergenic_variantBRD3 - ARF4P15e-08Tier 4: intronic/intergenic
rs20787789134073839G>A0.05intergenic_variantBRD3 - ARF4P15e-08Tier 4: intronic/intergenic
rs5496132949134075985intergenic_variantBRD3 - ARF4P15e-08Tier 4: intronic/intergenic
rs96577039134077301G>A,T0.05intergenic_variantBRD3 - ARF4P15e-08Tier 4: intronic/intergenic
rs96577049134077438T>A0.05intergenic_variantBRD3 - ARF4P15e-08Tier 4: intronic/intergenic
rs108215459134068979T>G0.05regulatory_region_variantBRD3 - ARF4P15e-08Tier 3: regulatory
rs1427929199134075772T>C,G0.05intergenic_variantBRD3 - ARF4P15e-08Tier 4: intronic/intergenic
rs1458450849134075767C>A,G,T0.05intergenic_variantBRD3 - ARF4P15e-08Tier 4: intronic/intergenic
rs1465853569134075775T>A,C0.05intergenic_variantBRD3 - ARF4P15e-08Tier 4: intronic/intergenic
rs1489395779134075768A>C,G,T0.05intergenic_variantBRD3 - ARF4P15e-08Tier 4: intronic/intergenic
rs108215529134074870C>A0.05intergenic_variantBRD3 - ARF4P15e-08Tier 4: intronic/intergenic
rs108215549134076657C>A,T0.05intergenic_variantBRD3 - ARF4P15e-08Tier 4: intronic/intergenic
rs108215559134076668C>A,G0.05intergenic_variantBRD3 - ARF4P15e-08Tier 4: intronic/intergenic
rs108215569134077014C>A0.05intergenic_variantBRD3 - ARF4P15e-08Tier 4: intronic/intergenic
rs109939059134061966G>T0.05intron_variantBRD35e-08Tier 4: intronic/intergenic
rs109939189134076423G>A,C,T0.05intergenic_variantBRD3 - ARF4P15e-08Tier 4: intronic/intergenic
rs123770899134076173A>C,G0.05intergenic_variantBRD3 - ARF4P15e-08Tier 4: intronic/intergenic
rs14004631401434945504TCACA>Tintron_variantIGBP1P1 - SRP54-AS15e-08Tier 4: intronic/intergenic
chr14:349455055e-08Tier 4: intronic/intergenic

Genes & proteins

Mendelian disease overlap and somatic drivers

GenCC: 0 · Orphanet: 4 · OMIM-shared: 0 · Dual-evidence (GWAS+Mendelian): 0

Orphanet rare-disease linkage (cohort genes)

GeneOrphanet IDRare disease
CBFA2T3Orphanet:329469Acute megakaryoblastic leukemia in children without Down syndrome
LRPPRCOrphanet:70472Congenital lactic acidosis, Saguenay-Lac-Saint-Jean type
ADAM10Orphanet:178307Reticulate acropigmentation of Kitamura
EXTL3Orphanet:508533Skeletal dysplasia-T-cell immunodeficiency-developmental delay syndrome

Cohort genes → proteins

10 cohort genes, 10 distinct canonical proteins.

Evidence partition

SubsetGenes
gwas_only10

Cohort genes (full)

SymbolHGNCEnsemblUniProtNameEvidence
LINC01549HGNC:1277ENSG00000232560A6NIU2Putative uncharacterized protein encoded by LINC01549gwas
CBFA2T3HGNC:1537ENSG00000129993O75081Transcriptional corepressor CBFA2T3gwas
LRPPRCHGNC:15714ENSG00000138095P42704Leucine-rich PPR motif-containing protein, mitochondrialgwas
ADAM10HGNC:188ENSG00000137845O14672Disintegrin and metalloproteinase domain-containing protein 10gwas
GALNT14HGNC:22946ENSG00000158089Q96FL9Polypeptide N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase 14gwas
TMEM132CHGNC:25436ENSG00000181234Q8N3T6Transmembrane protein 132Cgwas
LINC02693HGNC:27904ENSG00000212719A8MQB3Putative uncharacterized protein LINC02693gwas
TMEM158HGNC:30293ENSG00000249992Q8WZ71Transmembrane protein 158gwas
SCGB1D4HGNC:31748ENSG00000197745Q6XE38Secretoglobin family 1D member 4gwas
EXTL3HGNC:3518ENSG00000012232O43909Exostosin-like 3gwas

Cohort function summary

Lead sentence per gene, UniProt-curated.

SymbolProtein nameFunction (lead sentence)
CBFA2T3Transcriptional corepressor CBFA2T3Transcriptional corepressor which facilitates transcriptional repression via its association with DNA-binding transcription factors and recruitment of other corepressors and histone-modifying enzymes.
LRPPRCLeucine-rich PPR motif-containing protein, mitochondrialMay play a role in RNA metabolism in both nuclei and mitochondria.
ADAM10Disintegrin and metalloproteinase domain-containing protein 10Transmembrane metalloprotease which mediates the ectodomain shedding of a myriad of transmembrane proteins, including adhesion proteins, growth factor precursors and cytokines being essential for development and tissue homeostasis.
GALNT14Polypeptide N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase 14Catalyzes the initial reaction in O-linked oligosaccharide biosynthesis, the transfer of an N-acetyl-D-galactosamine residue to a serine or threonine residue on the protein receptor.
TMEM158Transmembrane protein 158Receptor for brain injury-derived neurotrophic peptide (BINP), a synthetic 13-mer peptide.
SCGB1D4Secretoglobin family 1D member 4Seems to be involved in the regulation of chemotactic cell migration and invasion.
EXTL3Exostosin-like 3Glycosyltransferase which regulates the biosynthesis of heparan sulfate (HS).

Protein-family classification

Druggable: 3 · Difficult: 1 · Unknown: 6 · Druggable fraction: 0.3

Family distribution

Cohort families vs a genome-wide background (hypergeometric, BH-FDR; fold = observed/expected). Counts kept; sorted by enrichment, so the catch-all Other/Unknown bucket no longer leads.

FamilyGenesFoldFDR
Protease13.7×0.484
Enzyme (other)22.4×0.484
Other/Unknown61.1×0.701
Transcription factor10.8×0.725

Per-gene assignment

SymbolFamilyDruggable?ECInterPro (top 3)
LINC01549Other/Unknownno
CBFA2T3Transcription factornoZnf_MYND, TAFH_NHR1, CBFA2T1/2/3
LRPPRCOther/UnknownnoPPR_rpt, TPR-like_helical_dom_sf, PROP1-like_PPR_dom
ADAM10Proteaseyes3.4.24.81Peptidase_M12B, Disintegrin_dom, MetalloPept_cat_dom_sf
GALNT14Enzyme (other)yes2.4.1.41Ricin_B_lectin, Glyco_trans_2-like, Nucleotide-diphossugar_trans
TMEM132COther/UnknownnoTMEM132, TMEM132_N, TMEM132_C
LINC02693Other/UnknownnoDUF5545
TMEM158Other/UnknownnoTMEM158
SCGB1D4Other/UnknownnoSecretoglobin, Secretoglobin_sf
EXTL3Enzyme (other)yes2.4.1.223Exostosin, GT64_dom, Nucleotide-diphossugar_trans

Expression context

Cohort genes with no expression data: 0.

9 cohort genes are a single-cell marker in ≥1 SCXA experiment.

Breadth distribution (Bgee present_calls)

BucketGenes
narrow (1-5 tissues)0
moderate (6-20)0
broad (>20)10
unknown0

Top tissues across cohort

TissueCohort genes
buccal mucosa cell2
cerebellar hemisphere2
right hemisphere of cerebellum2
stromal cell of endometrium2
C1 segment of cervical spinal cord1
spinal cord1
endometrium epithelium1
adrenal tissue1
biceps brachii1
skeletal muscle tissue of rectus abdominis1
amniotic fluid1
trigeminal ganglion1
adult mammalian kidney1
lower esophagus mucosa1
nephron tubule1
decidua1
upper arm skin1
cerebellar cortex1
nucleus accumbens1
putamen1

Per-gene tissue summary (top 30)

SymbolBgee breadthFANTOM5 breadthSCXATop tissues
LINC01549173tissue_specificmarkerbuccal mucosa cell, spinal cord, C1 segment of cervical spinal cord
CBFA2T3197broadmarkerendometrium epithelium, right hemisphere of cerebellum, cerebellar hemisphere
LRPPRC303ubiquitousmarkerskeletal muscle tissue of rectus abdominis, biceps brachii, adrenal tissue
ADAM10298ubiquitousmarkerstromal cell of endometrium, amniotic fluid, trigeminal ganglion
GALNT14194broadmarkerlower esophagus mucosa, adult mammalian kidney, nephron tubule
TMEM132C199broadmarkerdecidua, buccal mucosa cell, upper arm skin
LINC02693242ubiquitousmarkercerebellar hemisphere, cerebellar cortex, right hemisphere of cerebellum
TMEM158217ubiquitousmarkerseminal vesicle, nucleus accumbens, putamen
SCGB1D444tissue_specificyesright uterine tube, endometrium, fallopian tube
EXTL3210ubiquitousmarkerstromal cell of endometrium, ventricular zone, cortical plate

Protein interactions among cohort

Intra-cohort edges: 0.

Hub genes (top 10 by interactor count)

SymbolInteractor count
ADAM103,603
LRPPRC3,567
CBFA2T32,092
EXTL31,202
TMEM132C852
GALNT14809
TMEM158509
SCGB1D4333
LINC026937
LINC015490

Structural data

PDB: 4 · AlphaFold-only: 6 · No structure: 0

Cohort genes with PDB structures (top 30)

SymbolUniProtPDB entries
EXTL3O439094
ADAM10O146723
LRPPRCP427042
CBFA2T3O750811

AlphaFold-only cohort genes (top 30 by pLDDT)

SymbolUniProtpLDDT
GALNT14Q96FL989.23
SCGB1D4Q6XE3887.72
TMEM132CQ8N3T669.84
LINC01549A6NIU264.51
TMEM158Q8WZ7158.36
LINC02693A8MQB339.55

Function

Pathway analysis

Distinct Reactome pathways touched by cohort: 45. Enrichment computed across 10 evidence-associated genes (4 with Reactome annotation).

Pathways by enrichment

Over-representation of cohort genes vs the genome-wide background (hypergeometric test, Benjamini-Hochberg FDR; fold = observed/expected over 4 annotated cohort genes). Counts and members are kept as ground-truth; sorted by enrichment.

PathwayCohort genesFoldFDRSample cohort genes
Signaling by NOTCH1 t(7;9)(NOTCH1:M1580_K2555) Translocation Mutant1713.8×0.029ADAM10
Constitutive Signaling by NOTCH1 t(7;9)(NOTCH1:M1580_K2555) Translocation Mutant1407.9×0.029ADAM10
Mitochondrial RNA degradation1407.9×0.029LRPPRC
Signaling by NOTCH1 HD Domain Mutants in Cancer1317.2×0.029ADAM10
NOTCH4 Activation and Transmission of Signal to the Nucleus1259.6×0.029ADAM10
Mitochondrial mRNA modification1259.6×0.029LRPPRC
Constitutive Signaling by NOTCH1 HD Domain Mutants1190.3×0.029ADAM10
Signaling by NOTCH21178.4×0.029ADAM10
Signaling by NOTCH31129.8×0.029ADAM10
Signaling by NOTCH41124.1×0.029ADAM10
NOTCH3 Activation and Transmission of Signal to the Nucleus1119.0×0.029ADAM10
NOTCH2 Activation and Transmission of Signal to the Nucleus1109.8×0.029ADAM10
Signaling by NOTCH1 PEST Domain Mutants in Cancer1102.0×0.029ADAM10
Signaling by NOTCH1 in Cancer1102.0×0.029ADAM10
Signaling by NOTCH1 HD+PEST Domain Mutants in Cancer1102.0×0.029ADAM10
Signaling by NOTCH1189.2×0.029ADAM10
Activated NOTCH1 Transmits Signal to the Nucleus189.2×0.029ADAM10
HS-GAG biosynthesis186.5×0.029EXTL3
Signaling by EGFR181.6×0.029ADAM10
EPH-ephrin mediated repulsion of cells154.9×0.039ADAM10
XBP1(S) activates chaperone genes153.9×0.039EXTL3
Constitutive Signaling by NOTCH1 PEST Domain Mutants149.2×0.039ADAM10
Constitutive Signaling by NOTCH1 HD+PEST Domain Mutants149.2×0.039ADAM10
O-linked glycosylation of mucins146.0×0.039GALNT14
Collagen degradation143.9×0.039ADAM10
Signaling by NOTCH143.9×0.039ADAM10
EPH-Ephrin signaling141.4×0.040ADAM10
Degradation of the extracellular matrix129.4×0.054ADAM10
Amyloid fiber formation125.7×0.059ADAM10
Post-translational protein phosphorylation125.0×0.059ADAM10

GO biological processes by enrichment

Over-representation of cohort genes vs the genome-wide background (hypergeometric test, Benjamini-Hochberg FDR; fold = observed/expected over 5 annotated cohort genes). Counts and members are kept as ground-truth; sorted by enrichment.

GO termCohort genesFoldFDRSample cohort genes
constitutive protein ectodomain proteolysis13370.4×0.006ADAM10
regulation of vasculature development13370.4×0.006ADAM10
epidermal growth factor receptor ligand maturation11685.2×0.006ADAM10
negative regulation of mitochondrial mRNA catabolic process11685.2×0.006LRPPRC
positive regulation of detection of glucose11685.2×0.006EXTL3
positive regulation of cell growth273.3×0.006ADAM10, EXTL3
protein catabolic process at postsynapse11123.5×0.007ADAM10
mitochondrial mRNA polyadenylation1842.6×0.008LRPPRC
mitochondrial RNA catabolic process1561.7×0.011LRPPRC
regulation of mitochondrial translation1481.5×0.011LRPPRC
postsynapse organization1481.5×0.011ADAM10
regulation of aerobic respiration1421.3×0.011CBFA2T3
monocyte activation1374.5×0.011ADAM10
pore complex assembly1374.5×0.011ADAM10
negative regulation of keratinocyte differentiation1337.0×0.011EXTL3
negative regulation of inflammatory response to wounding1337.0×0.011EXTL3
quinolinate biosynthetic process1306.4×0.011EXTL3
mitochondrion transport along microtubule1280.9×0.011LRPPRC
granulocyte differentiation1240.7×0.012CBFA2T3
amyloid precursor protein catabolic process1240.7×0.012ADAM10
positive regulation of T cell chemotaxis1224.7×0.012ADAM10
negative regulation of glycolytic process1210.7×0.012CBFA2T3
positive regulation of tumor necrosis factor-mediated signaling pathway1210.7×0.012ADAM10
positive regulation of keratinocyte proliferation1198.3×0.012EXTL3
regulation of neurotransmitter receptor localization to postsynaptic specialization membrane1177.4×0.013ADAM10
regulation of Notch signaling pathway1168.5×0.013ADAM10
membrane protein ectodomain proteolysis1129.6×0.016ADAM10
response to tumor necrosis factor1124.8×0.016ADAM10
heparan sulfate proteoglycan biosynthetic process1112.3×0.017EXTL3
regulation of postsynapse organization1105.3×0.018ADAM10

Therapeutics

Drugs indicated for this disease

No approved or late-stage (phase ≥3) drug is indicated for this disease; the following are in earlier-phase trials only.

Earlier-phase candidates (phase 2, investigational — efficacy not yet established): Levetiracetam.

Drug target analysis

Approved (phase 4): 0 · Phase ≥3: 0 · Phased (≥1): 1 · Undrugged: 9

Druggability breadth: 3 of 10 evidence-associated genes (30%) have a ChEMBL target (buckets above are over the deeply-mined display cohort).

Top cohort targets by molecule count

SymbolMoleculesMax phase
ADAM1022
LINC0154900
CBFA2T300
LRPPRC00
GALNT1400
TMEM132C00
LINC0269300
TMEM15800
SCGB1D400
EXTL300

Drugs targeting cohort genes (top 30)

MoleculeMax phaseTargets in cohort
ILOMASTAT2ADAM10
APRATASTAT2ADAM10

Bioactivity and enzyme data

Enzyme cohort genes (≥1 EC): 3.

Cohort genes with ChEMBL bioactivity (full, sorted by assay count)

SymbolAssaysType breakdown
ADAM1064Binding:60, ADMET:4
LRPPRC4Binding:4
GALNT141Binding:1

Cohort enzymes (BRENDA EC)

SymbolEC numbersNames
ADAM103.4.24.81ADAM10 endopeptidase
GALNT142.4.1.41polypeptide N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase
EXTL32.4.1.223glucuronosyl-galactosyl-proteoglycan 4-alpha-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase

Pharmacogenomics

Cohort genes with a PharmGKB record: 8; with CPIC/DPWG dosing guidelines: 0.

No cohort gene has a CPIC/DPWG genotype-guided dosing guideline (PharmGKB).

Chemical tractability of cohort targets

2 approved/phased compounds have measured bioactivity against a cohort gene (and aren’t yet in disease-level trials). This is a research / tractability signal, NOT a therapeutic recommendation — a bioactivity row often reflects off-target or screening binding (e.g. promiscuous kinase inhibitors against a cohort kinase), implying no disease mechanism.

CompoundMax phaseCohort target (bioactivity)
ILOMASTAT2ADAM10
APRATASTAT2ADAM10

Druggability pyramid

Cohort genes binned by druggability tier (high → low):

TierDefinitionGenesSymbols
AApproved (phase 4 drug)0
BPhased (≥1) drug, not yet approved1ADAM10
CDruggable family + PDB, no drug1EXTL3
DDruggable family + AlphaFold only, no drug1GALNT14
EDifficult family or no structure, no drug7LINC01549, CBFA2T3, LRPPRC, TMEM132C, LINC02693, TMEM158, SCGB1D4

Undrugged target profiles

9 cohort genes are undrugged. Ranked by ‘starting-point quality’ (assay depth + drugged-partner adjacency).

SymbolChEMBL assaysDrugged partners (top 3)
LINC015490—
CBFA2T30—
LRPPRC4—
GALNT141—
TMEM132C0—
LINC026930—
TMEM1580—
SCGB1D40—
EXTL30—

Clinical trials & evidence

Clinical trials

Clinical trials: 1.

Phase distribution (across all retrieved trials)

PhaseTrials
PHASE21

Top trials by phase / activity

NCTPhaseStatusTitle
NCT01789047PHASE2TERMINATEDTopiramate as an Adjunct to Amantadine in the Treatment of Dyskinesia in Parkinson’s Disease

Drugs tested across these trials (top 30)

MoleculeMax phaseTrials referencing
AMANTADINE41
TOPIRAMATE41

About this page

Generated deterministically by Sugi Atlas from primary biomedical databases via BioBTree. Every record on this page traces to a primary source.

Generated
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This page pulls from 70 datasets indexed by BioBTree:

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