Dyskeratosis congenita, autosomal dominant 1
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Also known as autosomal dominant dyskeratosis congenitaDKCADKCA1dyskeratosis congenita autosomal dominantdyskeratosis congenita Scoggins typedyskeratosis congenita, autosomal dominant type 1dyskeratosis congenita, Scoggins type
Summary
Dyskeratosis congenita, autosomal dominant 1 (MONDO:0007485) is a disease caused by TERC (GenCC Definitive), with 9 cohort genes. The dominant Reactome pathway is Telomere Extension By Telomerase (3 cohort genes).
At a glance
- Causal gene: TERC (GenCC Definitive)
- Cohort genes: 9
- ClinVar variants: 469
Clinical features
No curated clinical features (Orphanet) for this disease.
Identifiers
Disease identifiers
| Field | Value |
|---|---|
| Canonical name | dyskeratosis congenita, autosomal dominant 1 |
| Mondo ID | MONDO:0007485 |
| MeSH | C565079 |
| OMIM | 127550 |
| DOID | DOID:0070014 |
| NCIT | C176921 |
| SNOMED CT | 707273001 |
| UMLS | C4551974 |
| MedGen | 1645250 |
| GARD | 0006299 |
| Is cancer (heuristic) | no |
Also known as: autosomal dominant dyskeratosis congenita · DKCA · DKCA1 · dyskeratosis congenita autosomal dominant · dyskeratosis congenita Scoggins type · dyskeratosis congenita, autosomal dominant 1 · dyskeratosis congenita, autosomal dominant type 1 · dyskeratosis congenita, Scoggins type
Data availability: 469 ClinVar variants · 6 GenCC gene-disease records.
Disease family
Classification path: disease › human disease › disease by etiologic mechanism › disease of genetic or genomic mechanism › hereditary disease › hereditary neoplastic syndrome › dyskeratosis congenita › dyskeratosis congenita, autosomal dominant 1
Related subtypes (15): dyskeratosis congenita, autosomal recessive 1, Revesz syndrome, dyskeratosis congenita, autosomal recessive 2, dyskeratosis congenita, autosomal recessive 3, dyskeratosis congenita, autosomal dominant 2, dyskeratosis congenita, autosomal dominant 3, dyskeratosis congenita, autosomal recessive 6, dyskeratosis congenita, autosomal dominant 6, autosomal recessive dyskeratosis congenita 4, dyskeratosis congenita, digenic, DKC1-related disorder, dyskeratosis congenita, autosomal dominant 4, dyskeratosis congenita, autosomal recessive 7, dyskeratosis congenita and related telomere biology disorder, dyskeratosis congenita, autosomal recessive 8
Genetics & variants
GWAS landscape
No GWAS associations recorded — common-variant (GWAS) studies don’t cover this disease (typical for Mendelian / rare diseases). See the curated gene cohort and Mendelian overlap below.
Variant details and genetic-evidence tiers
ClinVar germline variants
469 retrieved; paginated sample, class counts are floors:
356 uncertain significance, 25 pathogenic, 22 conflicting classifications of pathogenicity, 22 likely benign, 15 likely pathogenic, 11 benign/likely benign, 10 not provided, 4 pathogenic/likely pathogenic, 4 benign
| ClinVar | Variant (HGVS) | Gene | Classification | Review |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 40977 | NC_000003.12:g.169764745_169767720del | ACTRT3 | Pathogenic | no assertion criteria provided |
| 30265 | NR_001566.3(TERC):n.52_55delCTAA | LOC110806306 | Pathogenic | criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts |
| 39279 | NC_000003.12:g.169765299AG[1] | LOC110806306 | Pathogenic | no assertion criteria provided |
| 39280 | NR_001566.3(TERC):n.100T>A | LOC110806306 | Pathogenic | no assertion criteria provided |
| 39282 | NR_001566.3(TERC):n.143G>A | LOC110806306 | Pathogenic | no assertion criteria provided |
| 39285 | NR_001566.3(TERC):n.211_224delCCTGCGGCGGGTCG | LOC110806306 | Pathogenic | no assertion criteria provided |
| 39288 | NR_001566.3(TERC):n.2G>C | LOC110806306 | Pathogenic | no assertion criteria provided |
| 39297 | NR_001566.3(TERC):n.48A>G | LOC110806306 | Pathogenic | no assertion criteria provided |
| 39299 | NR_001566.3(TERC):n.52_86del35 | LOC110806306 | Pathogenic | no assertion criteria provided |
| 39300 | NR_001566.3(TERC):n.79delC | LOC110806306 | Pathogenic | no assertion criteria provided |
| 39301 | NR_001566.3(TERC):n.96_97delCT | LOC110806306 | Pathogenic | no assertion criteria provided |
| 7321 | NR_001566.3(TERC):n.107_108delGCinsAG | LOC110806306 | Pathogenic | no assertion criteria provided |
| 7322 | NR_001566.3(TERC):n.204C>G | LOC110806306 | Pathogenic | no assertion criteria provided |
| 7325 | NR_001566.3(TERC):n.108_111delCTGA | LOC110806306 | Pathogenic | criteria provided, single submitter |
| 950972 | NC_000003.12:g.169764994del | LOC110806306 | Pathogenic | criteria provided, single submitter |
| 7319 | NC_000003.12:g.169763867_169764687del | LOC129937871 | Pathogenic | criteria provided, single submitter |
| 446379 | NC_000003.12:g.169764653_169764654delinsTT | TERC | Pathogenic/Likely pathogenic | criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts |
| 7320 | NR_001566.3(TERC):n.408C>G | TERC | Pathogenic | no assertion criteria provided |
| 12735 | NM_198253.3(TERT):c.2706G>C (p.Lys902Asn) | TERT | Pathogenic | no assertion criteria provided |
| 39103 | TERT:c.1710G>Y (p.Lys570Asn) | TERT | Pathogenic | no assertion criteria provided |
| 39108 | NM_198253.3(TERT):c.2110C>T (p.Pro704Ser) | TERT | Pathogenic/Likely pathogenic | criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts |
| 410651 | NM_198253.3(TERT):c.336dup (p.Glu113fs) | TERT | Pathogenic/Likely pathogenic | criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts |
| 38920 | NM_001099274.3(TINF2):c.847C>T (p.Pro283Ser) | TINF2 | Pathogenic/Likely pathogenic | criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts |
| 38922 | NM_001099274.3(TINF2):c.849dup (p.Thr284fs) | TINF2 | Pathogenic | criteria provided, single submitter |
| 4845227 | NM_001099274.3(TINF2):c.850A>C (p.Thr284Pro) | TINF2 | Pathogenic | no assertion criteria provided |
| 5624 | NM_001099274.3(TINF2):c.838A>G (p.Lys280Glu) | TINF2 | Pathogenic | criteria provided, single submitter |
| 5625 | NM_001099274.3(TINF2):c.845G>A (p.Arg282His) | TINF2 | Pathogenic | criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts |
| 5626 | NM_001099274.3(TINF2):c.844C>A (p.Arg282Ser) | TINF2 | Pathogenic | criteria provided, single submitter |
| 5627 | NM_001099274.3(TINF2):c.844C>T (p.Arg282Cys) | TINF2 | Pathogenic | criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts |
| 623236 | NM_001134225.2(INPP4A):c.36C>T (p.Ala12=) | INPP4A | Likely pathogenic | criteria provided, single submitter |
Genes & proteins
Mendelian disease overlap and somatic drivers
GenCC: 7 · Orphanet: 25 · OMIM-shared: 0 · Dual-evidence (GWAS+Mendelian): 0
GenCC gene–disease validity (cohort genes)
the Disease column is the GenCC-asserted condition — a cohort gene’s strongest validity may be for a related predisposition syndrome.
| Gene | Classification | Inheritance | Disease | Records |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| TERC | Definitive | Autosomal dominant | dyskeratosis congenita, autosomal dominant 1 | 7 |
Orphanet rare-disease linkage (cohort genes)
| Gene | Orphanet ID | Rare disease |
|---|---|---|
| TERC | Orphanet:1775 | Dyskeratosis congenita |
| TERC | Orphanet:2032 | Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis |
| TERC | Orphanet:88 | Idiopathic aplastic anemia |
| TERT | Orphanet:146 | Differentiated thyroid carcinoma |
| TERT | Orphanet:1501 | Adrenocortical carcinoma |
| TERT | Orphanet:1775 | Dyskeratosis congenita |
| TERT | Orphanet:2032 | Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis |
| TERT | Orphanet:2495 | Meningioma |
| TERT | Orphanet:3322 | Hoyeraal-Hreidarsson syndrome |
| TERT | Orphanet:457246 | Clear cell sarcoma of kidney |
| TERT | Orphanet:618 | Familial melanoma |
| TERT | Orphanet:88 | Idiopathic aplastic anemia |
| TGM1 | Orphanet:100976 | Bathing suit ichthyosis |
| TGM1 | Orphanet:281122 | Self-improving collodion baby |
| TGM1 | Orphanet:281127 | Acral self-healing collodion baby |
| TGM1 | Orphanet:313 | Lamellar ichthyosis |
| TGM1 | Orphanet:79394 | Congenital ichthyosiform erythroderma |
| TINF2 | Orphanet:1775 | Dyskeratosis congenita |
| TINF2 | Orphanet:3088 | Revesz syndrome |
| TINF2 | Orphanet:3322 | Hoyeraal-Hreidarsson syndrome |
| RTEL1 | Orphanet:1775 | Dyskeratosis congenita |
| RTEL1 | Orphanet:2032 | Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis |
| RTEL1 | Orphanet:3322 | Hoyeraal-Hreidarsson syndrome |
| MECOM | Orphanet:402020 | Acute myeloid leukemia with inv(3)(q21q26.2) or t(3;3)(q21;q26.2) |
| MECOM | Orphanet:71289 | Radio-ulnar synostosis-amegakaryocytic thrombocytopenia syndrome |
Cohort genes → proteins
9 cohort genes, 7 distinct canonical proteins.
Evidence partition
| Subset | Genes |
|---|---|
| multi_evidence | 9 |
Cohort genes (full)
| Symbol | HGNC | Ensembl | UniProt | Name | Evidence |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| TERC | HGNC:11727 | ENSG00000270141 | telomerase RNA component | gencc,clinvar | |
| TERT | HGNC:11730 | ENSG00000164362 | O14746 | Telomerase reverse transcriptase | clinvar |
| TGM1 | HGNC:11777 | ENSG00000092295 | P22735 | Protein-glutamine gamma-glutamyltransferase K | clinvar |
| TINF2 | HGNC:11824 | ENSG00000092330 | Q9BSI4 | TERF1-interacting nuclear factor 2 | clinvar |
| RTEL1 | HGNC:15888 | ENSG00000258366 | Q9NZ71 | Regulator of telomere elongation helicase 1 | clinvar |
| ACTRT3 | HGNC:24022 | ENSG00000184378 | Q9BYD9 | Actin-related protein T3 | clinvar |
| MECOM | HGNC:3498 | ENSG00000085276 | Q03112 | Histone-lysine N-methyltransferase MECOM | clinvar |
| RTEL1-TNFRSF6B | HGNC:44095 | ENSG00000026036 | RTEL1-TNFRSF6B readthrough (NMD candidate) | clinvar | |
| INPP4A | HGNC:6074 | ENSG00000040933 | Q96PE3 | Inositol polyphosphate-4-phosphatase type I A | clinvar |
Cohort function summary
Lead sentence per gene, UniProt-curated.
| Symbol | Protein name | Function (lead sentence) |
|---|---|---|
| TERT | Telomerase reverse transcriptase | Telomerase is a ribonucleoprotein enzyme essential for the replication of chromosome termini in most eukaryotes. |
| TGM1 | Protein-glutamine gamma-glutamyltransferase K | Catalyzes the cross-linking of proteins and the conjugation of polyamines to proteins. |
| TINF2 | TERF1-interacting nuclear factor 2 | Component of the shelterin complex (telosome) that is involved in the regulation of telomere length and protection. |
| RTEL1 | Regulator of telomere elongation helicase 1 | A probable ATP-dependent DNA helicase implicated in telomere-length regulation, DNA repair and the maintenance of genomic stability. |
| MECOM | Histone-lysine N-methyltransferase MECOM | Functions as a transcriptional regulator binding to DNA sequences in the promoter region of target genes and regulating positively or negatively their expression. |
| INPP4A | Inositol polyphosphate-4-phosphatase type I A | Catalyzes the hydrolysis of the 4-position phosphate of phosphatidylinositol 3,4-bisphosphate (PtdIns(3,4)P2). |
Protein-family classification
Druggable: 2 · Difficult: 1 · Unknown: 6 · Druggable fraction: 0.22
Family distribution
Cohort families vs a genome-wide background (hypergeometric, BH-FDR; fold = observed/expected). Counts kept; sorted by enrichment, so the catch-all Other/Unknown bucket no longer leads.
| Family | Genes | Fold | FDR |
|---|---|---|---|
| Antibody/Immunoglobulin | 1 | 3.2× | 0.687 |
| Enzyme (other) | 1 | 1.3× | 0.687 |
| Other/Unknown | 6 | 1.2× | 0.687 |
| Transcription factor | 1 | 0.9× | 0.687 |
Per-gene assignment
| Symbol | Family | Druggable? | EC | InterPro (top 3) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| TERC | Other/Unknown | no | ||
| TERT | Other/Unknown | no | RT_dom, Telomerase_RT, Telomerase_RBD | |
| TGM1 | Antibody/Immunoglobulin | yes | 2.3.2.13 | Transglutaminase_N, Transglutaminase-like, Transglutaminase_C |
| TINF2 | Other/Unknown | no | TINF2_N, TINF2 | |
| RTEL1 | Other/Unknown | no | Helicase-like_DEXD_c2, ATP-dep_Helicase_C, RAD3-like_helicase_DEAD | |
| ACTRT3 | Other/Unknown | no | Actin, Actin/actin-like_CS, ATPase_NBD | |
| MECOM | Transcription factor | no | SET_dom, Znf_C2H2_type, Znf_C2H2_sf | |
| RTEL1-TNFRSF6B | Other/Unknown | no | ||
| INPP4A | Enzyme (other) | yes | 3.1.3.66 | C2_dom, C2_domain_sf, INPP4 |
Expression context
Cohort genes with no expression data: 0.
5 cohort genes are a single-cell marker in ≥1 SCXA experiment.
Breadth distribution (Bgee present_calls)
| Bucket | Genes |
|---|---|
| narrow (1-5 tissues) | 0 |
| moderate (6-20) | 0 |
| broad (>20) | 9 |
| unknown | 0 |
Top tissues across cohort
| Tissue | Cohort genes |
|---|---|
| cerebellar hemisphere | 2 |
| right hemisphere of cerebellum | 2 |
| bone marrow cell | 1 |
| colonic epithelium | 1 |
| male germ line stem cell (sensu Vertebrata) in testis | 1 |
| olfactory bulb | 1 |
| stromal cell of endometrium | 1 |
| type B pancreatic cell | 1 |
| esophagus mucosa | 1 |
| lower esophagus mucosa | 1 |
| skin of leg | 1 |
| granulocyte | 1 |
| right adrenal gland | 1 |
| right adrenal gland cortex | 1 |
| sural nerve | 1 |
| left testis | 1 |
| right testis | 1 |
| sperm | 1 |
| cardia of stomach | 1 |
| pylorus | 1 |
Per-gene tissue summary (top 30)
| Symbol | Bgee breadth | FANTOM5 breadth | SCXA | Top tissues |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| TERC | 113 | ubiquitous | yes | bone marrow cell, colonic epithelium, male germ line stem cell (sensu Vertebrata) in testis |
| TERT | 105 | broad | yes | stromal cell of endometrium, type B pancreatic cell, olfactory bulb |
| TGM1 | 135 | broad | marker | lower esophagus mucosa, esophagus mucosa, skin of leg |
| TINF2 | 144 | ubiquitous | marker | granulocyte, right adrenal gland, right adrenal gland cortex |
| RTEL1 | 134 | ubiquitous | yes | sural nerve, right hemisphere of cerebellum, cerebellar hemisphere |
| ACTRT3 | 162 | broad | yes | sperm, left testis, right testis |
| MECOM | 276 | ubiquitous | marker | cardia of stomach, renal medulla, pylorus |
| RTEL1-TNFRSF6B | 135 | marker | right hemisphere of cerebellum, cerebellar hemisphere, cerebellum | |
| INPP4A | 279 | ubiquitous | marker | Brodmann (1909) area 23, endothelial cell, tibia |
Protein interactions among cohort
Intra-cohort edges: 3.
Hub genes (top 10 by interactor count)
| Symbol | Interactor count |
|---|---|
| TERT | 5,717 |
| MECOM | 2,442 |
| RTEL1 | 2,324 |
| ACTRT3 | 2,105 |
| TGM1 | 1,978 |
| TINF2 | 1,769 |
| INPP4A | 801 |
| TERC | 0 |
| RTEL1-TNFRSF6B | 0 |
Intra-cohort edges
| A | B | Sources |
|---|---|---|
| RTEL1 | TERT | string_interaction |
| RTEL1 | TINF2 | string_interaction |
| TERT | TINF2 | string_interaction |
Structural data
PDB: 5 · AlphaFold-only: 2 · No structure: 2
Cohort genes with PDB structures (top 30)
| Symbol | UniProt | PDB entries |
|---|---|---|
| TERT | O14746 | 23 |
| TINF2 | Q9BSI4 | 3 |
| RTEL1 | Q9NZ71 | 3 |
| TGM1 | P22735 | 1 |
| MECOM | Q03112 | 1 |
AlphaFold-only cohort genes (top 30 by pLDDT)
| Symbol | UniProt | pLDDT |
|---|---|---|
| ACTRT3 | Q9BYD9 | 94.47 |
| INPP4A | Q96PE3 | 80.39 |
Function
Pathway analysis
Distinct Reactome pathways touched by cohort: 53. Enrichment computed across 9 evidence-associated genes (6 with Reactome annotation).
Pathways by enrichment
Over-representation of cohort genes vs the genome-wide background (hypergeometric test, Benjamini-Hochberg FDR; fold = observed/expected over 6 annotated cohort genes). Counts and members are kept as ground-truth; sorted by enrichment.
| Pathway | Cohort genes | Fold | FDR | Sample cohort genes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Telomere Extension By Telomerase | 3 | 228.4× | 1e-05 | TERT, TINF2, RTEL1 |
| Extension of Telomeres | 2 | 200.3× | 0.001 | TERT, RTEL1 |
| Telomere Maintenance | 2 | 122.8× | 0.002 | TERT, RTEL1 |
| Chromosome Maintenance | 2 | 70.5× | 0.004 | TERT, RTEL1 |
| Regulation of MITF-M-dependent genes involved in DNA replication, damage repair and senescence | 1 | 271.9× | 0.031 | TERT |
| Telomere C-strand synthesis initiation | 1 | 135.9× | 0.031 | TINF2 |
| Kidney development | 1 | 135.9× | 0.031 | MECOM |
| Processive synthesis on the C-strand of the telomere | 1 | 126.9× | 0.031 | TINF2 |
| Telomere C-strand (Lagging Strand) Synthesis | 1 | 126.9× | 0.031 | TINF2 |
| Synthesis of IP2, IP, and Ins in the cytosol | 1 | 126.9× | 0.031 | INPP4A |
| Cytosolic iron-sulfur cluster assembly | 1 | 126.9× | 0.031 | RTEL1 |
| Synthesis of PIPs at the early endosome membrane | 1 | 119.0× | 0.031 | INPP4A |
| Removal of the Flap Intermediate from the C-strand | 1 | 105.7× | 0.031 | TINF2 |
| Resolution of D-Loop Structures | 1 | 105.7× | 0.031 | RTEL1 |
| Formation of the nephric duct | 1 | 105.7× | 0.031 | MECOM |
| Developmental Biology | 3 | 7.2× | 0.031 | TERT, TGM1, MECOM |
| Cell Cycle | 2 | 12.0× | 0.033 | TERT, RTEL1 |
| Inositol phosphate metabolism | 1 | 79.3× | 0.037 | INPP4A |
| Polymerase switching on the C-strand of the telomere | 1 | 70.5× | 0.039 | TINF2 |
| Resolution of D-loop Structures through Synthesis-Dependent Strand Annealing (SDSA) | 1 | 65.6× | 0.040 | RTEL1 |
| PI Metabolism | 1 | 59.5× | 0.042 | INPP4A |
| Homology Directed Repair | 1 | 51.4× | 0.044 | RTEL1 |
| HDR through Homologous Recombination (HRR) or Single Strand Annealing (SSA) | 1 | 51.4× | 0.044 | RTEL1 |
| DNA Double-Strand Break Repair | 1 | 41.4× | 0.050 | RTEL1 |
| PTEN Regulation | 1 | 38.1× | 0.050 | MECOM |
| Packaging Of Telomere Ends | 1 | 36.6× | 0.050 | TINF2 |
| Synthesis of PIPs at the plasma membrane | 1 | 35.2× | 0.050 | INPP4A |
| Recognition and association of DNA glycosylase with site containing an affected purine | 1 | 34.0× | 0.050 | TINF2 |
| Cleavage of the damaged purine | 1 | 34.0× | 0.050 | TINF2 |
| Phospholipid metabolism | 1 | 33.4× | 0.050 | INPP4A |
GO biological processes by enrichment
Over-representation of cohort genes vs the genome-wide background (hypergeometric test, Benjamini-Hochberg FDR; fold = observed/expected over 6 annotated cohort genes). Counts and members are kept as ground-truth; sorted by enrichment.
| GO term | Cohort genes | Fold | FDR | Sample cohort genes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DNA strand displacement | 1 | 2808.7× | 0.003 | RTEL1 |
| RNA-templated transcription | 1 | 2808.7× | 0.003 | TERT |
| DNA strand elongation | 1 | 2808.7× | 0.003 | TERT |
| siRNA transcription | 1 | 2808.7× | 0.003 | TERT |
| positive regulation of transdifferentiation | 1 | 2808.7× | 0.003 | TERT |
| regulation of telomere maintenance via telomere lengthening | 1 | 2808.7× | 0.003 | TINF2 |
| negative regulation of telomere maintenance in response to DNA damage | 1 | 2808.7× | 0.003 | RTEL1 |
| positive regulation of telomeric loop disassembly | 1 | 2808.7× | 0.003 | RTEL1 |
| positive regulation of telomere maintenance | 2 | 170.2× | 0.003 | TINF2, RTEL1 |
| telomere maintenance | 2 | 89.2× | 0.003 | TERT, RTEL1 |
| RNA-templated DNA biosynthetic process | 1 | 1404.3× | 0.004 | TERT |
| positive regulation of hair cycle | 1 | 1404.3× | 0.004 | TERT |
| telomeric loop disassembly | 1 | 1404.3× | 0.004 | RTEL1 |
| cell envelope organization | 1 | 936.2× | 0.005 | TGM1 |
| mitotic telomere maintenance via semi-conservative replication | 1 | 936.2× | 0.005 | RTEL1 |
| negative regulation of t-circle formation | 1 | 936.2× | 0.005 | RTEL1 |
| telomere assembly | 1 | 702.2× | 0.006 | TINF2 |
| positive regulation of telomere capping | 1 | 561.7× | 0.007 | RTEL1 |
| positive regulation of telomere maintenance via telomere lengthening | 1 | 468.1× | 0.008 | RTEL1 |
| positive regulation of protein localization to nucleolus | 1 | 468.1× | 0.008 | TERT |
| establishment of protein localization to telomere | 1 | 351.1× | 0.010 | TERT |
| siRNA processing | 1 | 312.1× | 0.010 | TERT |
| telomere maintenance in response to DNA damage | 1 | 312.1× | 0.010 | RTEL1 |
| telomere maintenance via recombination | 1 | 255.3× | 0.011 | TERT |
| protein localization to chromosome, telomeric region | 1 | 255.3× | 0.011 | TINF2 |
| telomere capping | 1 | 216.1× | 0.012 | TINF2 |
| heterochromatin organization | 1 | 216.1× | 0.012 | MECOM |
| negative regulation of DNA recombination | 1 | 187.2× | 0.013 | RTEL1 |
| cornification | 1 | 175.5× | 0.013 | TGM1 |
| regulation of double-strand break repair via homologous recombination | 1 | 165.2× | 0.013 | RTEL1 |
Therapeutics
Drug target analysis
Approved (phase 4): 1 · Phase ≥3: 1 · Phased (≥1): 1 · Undrugged: 8
Druggability breadth: 3 of 9 evidence-associated genes (33%) have a ChEMBL target (buckets above are over the deeply-mined display cohort).
Genes with an approved drug
The molecule shown is one approved compound that hits the gene — not necessarily a drug of choice or one indicated for this disease.
| Symbol | Example approved molecule |
|---|---|
| TERT | BERBERINE |
Top cohort targets by molecule count
| Symbol | Molecules | Max phase |
|---|---|---|
| TERT | 10 | 4 |
| TERC | 0 | 0 |
| TGM1 | 0 | 0 |
| TINF2 | 0 | 0 |
| RTEL1 | 0 | 0 |
| ACTRT3 | 0 | 0 |
| MECOM | 0 | 0 |
| RTEL1-TNFRSF6B | 0 | 0 |
| INPP4A | 0 | 0 |
Drugs targeting cohort genes (top 30)
| Molecule | Max phase | Targets in cohort |
|---|---|---|
| BERBERINE | 4 | TERT |
| DOXORUBICIN | 4 | TERT |
| RESVERATROL | 3 | TERT |
| EPIGALOCATECHIN GALLATE | 3 | TERT |
| PERIFOSINE | 3 | TERT |
| ISOMETAMIDIUM | 2 | TERT |
| HOMIDIUM BROMIDE | 2 | TERT |
| ALLICIN | 2 | TERT |
| OLEIC ACID | 2 | TERT |
| ETHACRIDINE | 2 | TERT |
Bioactivity and enzyme data
Enzyme cohort genes (≥1 EC): 2.
Cohort genes with ChEMBL bioactivity (full, sorted by assay count)
| Symbol | Assays | Type breakdown |
|---|---|---|
| TERT | 391 | Binding:389, Functional:2 |
| TGM1 | 11 | Binding:11 |
| MECOM | 1 | Binding:1 |
Cohort enzymes (BRENDA EC)
| Symbol | EC numbers | Names |
|---|---|---|
| TGM1 | 2.3.2.13 | protein-glutamine gamma-glutamyltransferase |
| INPP4A | 3.1.3.66 | phosphatidylinositol-3,4-bisphosphate 4-phosphatase |
Cohort genes with high screening signal
≥100 ChEMBL assays — a studied-ness signal; see Therapeutics for approved-drug status.
| Symbol | ChEMBL assays |
|---|---|
| TERT | 391 |
Pharmacogenomics
Cohort genes with a PharmGKB record: 8; with CPIC/DPWG dosing guidelines: 0.
No cohort gene has a CPIC/DPWG genotype-guided dosing guideline (PharmGKB).
Chemical tractability of cohort targets
10 approved/phased compounds have measured bioactivity against a cohort gene (and aren’t yet in disease-level trials). This is a research / tractability signal, NOT a therapeutic recommendation — a bioactivity row often reflects off-target or screening binding (e.g. promiscuous kinase inhibitors against a cohort kinase), implying no disease mechanism.
| Compound | Max phase | Cohort target (bioactivity) |
|---|---|---|
| BERBERINE | 4 | TERT |
| DOXORUBICIN | 4 | TERT |
| RESVERATROL | 3 | TERT |
| EPIGALOCATECHIN GALLATE | 3 | TERT |
| PERIFOSINE | 3 | TERT |
| ISOMETAMIDIUM | 2 | TERT |
| HOMIDIUM BROMIDE | 2 | TERT |
| ALLICIN | 2 | TERT |
| OLEIC ACID | 2 | TERT |
| ETHACRIDINE | 2 | TERT |
Druggability pyramid
Cohort genes binned by druggability tier (high → low):
| Tier | Definition | Genes | Symbols |
|---|---|---|---|
| A | Approved (phase 4 drug) | 1 | TERT |
| B | Phased (≥1) drug, not yet approved | 0 | |
| C | Druggable family + PDB, no drug | 1 | TGM1 |
| D | Druggable family + AlphaFold only, no drug | 1 | INPP4A |
| E | Difficult family or no structure, no drug | 6 | TERC, TINF2, RTEL1, ACTRT3, MECOM, RTEL1-TNFRSF6B |
Undrugged target profiles
8 cohort genes are undrugged. Ranked by ‘starting-point quality’ (assay depth + drugged-partner adjacency).
| Symbol | ChEMBL assays | Drugged partners (top 3) |
|---|---|---|
| TERC | 0 | — |
| TGM1 | 11 | — |
| TINF2 | 0 | — |
| RTEL1 | 0 | — |
| ACTRT3 | 0 | — |
| MECOM | 1 | — |
| RTEL1-TNFRSF6B | 0 | — |
| INPP4A | 0 | — |
Clinical trials & evidence
Clinical trials
Clinical trials: 0.