End stage renal failure

Summary

End stage renal failure (MONDO:0004375) is a disease with 6 cohort genes and 1,207 clinical trials. Top therapeutic interventions include cinacalcet, ferric citrate, and ferric pyrophosphate citrate.

At a glance

• Cohort genes: 6
• ClinVar variants: 6
• Clinical trials: 1,207

Clinical features

No curated clinical features (Orphanet) for this disease.

Identifiers

Disease identifiers

Field	Value
Canonical name	end stage renal failure
Mondo ID	MONDO:0004375
DOID	DOID:783
ICD-10-CM	N18.5, N18.6
NCIT	C9439
SNOMED CT	46177005
UMLS	C2316810
MedGen	384526
Is cancer (heuristic)	no

Also known as: chronic kidney disease, stage 5 · disease (ESRD), end stage renal · end stage kidney disease · end stage kidney failure · end stage renal disease · end stage renal disease (ESRD) · ESRD · ESRD, end stage renal disease · renal disease (ESRD), end stage · renal disease, end stage

Data availability: 6 ClinVar variants.

Disease family

Classification path: disease › human disease › disease by body system or component › urinary system disorder › kidney disorder › chronic kidney disease › end stage renal failure

Related subtypes (5): chronic pyelonephritis, chronic rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis, diabetic kidney disease, chronic renal failure syndrome, arterionephrosclerosis

Genetics & variants

GWAS landscape

No GWAS associations recorded — common-variant (GWAS) studies don’t cover this disease (typical for Mendelian / rare diseases). See the curated gene cohort and Mendelian overlap below.

Variant details and genetic-evidence tiers

ClinVar germline variants

6 retrieved; paginated sample, class counts are floors:

2 pathogenic, 1 benign, 1 conflicting classifications of pathogenicity, 1 uncertain significance, 1 pathogenic/likely pathogenic

ClinVar	Variant (HGVS)	Gene	Classification	Review
374506	NM_001378454.1(ALMS1):c.1732del (p.Arg578fs)	ALMS1	Pathogenic/Likely pathogenic	criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts
430696	NM_001002295.2(GATA3):c.1051-1G>C	GATA3	Pathogenic	criteria provided, single submitter
374141	NM_001009944.3(PKD1):c.2079dup (p.Pro694fs)	PKD1	Pathogenic	criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts
255039	NM_000092.5(COL4A4):c.4217-15T>C	COL4A4	Conflicting classifications of pathogenicity	criteria provided, conflicting classifications
374041	NM_000092.5(COL4A4):c.3055G>C (p.Glu1019Gln)	COL4A4	Uncertain significance	criteria provided, single submitter
1250700	NM_001031709.3(RNLS):c.111G>C (p.Glu37Asp)	LIPJ	Benign	criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts

Genes & proteins

Mendelian disease overlap and somatic drivers

GenCC: 0 · Orphanet: 10 · OMIM-shared: 0 · Dual-evidence (GWAS+Mendelian): 0

Orphanet rare-disease linkage (cohort genes)

Gene	Orphanet ID	Rare disease
COL4A4	Orphanet:653722	Digenic Alport syndrome
COL4A4	Orphanet:88918	Autosomal dominant Alport syndrome
COL4A4	Orphanet:88919	Autosomal recessive Alport syndrome
GATA3	Orphanet:2237	Hypoparathyroidism-sensorineural deafness-renal disease syndrome
GATA3	Orphanet:585936	B-lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoma with hyperdiploidy
ALMS1	Orphanet:64	Alström syndrome
PKD1	Orphanet:730	Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease
PKD1	Orphanet:88924	Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease type 1 with tuberous sclerosis
PRKD1	Orphanet:276145	Malignant epithelial tumor of salivary glands
PRKD1	Orphanet:708019	Congenital heart defect-ectodermal dysplasia- brachydactyly-telangiectasia syndrome

Cohort genes → proteins

6 cohort genes, 6 distinct canonical proteins.

Evidence partition

Subset	Genes
multi_evidence	6

Cohort genes (full)

Symbol	HGNC	Ensembl	UniProt	Name	Evidence
LIPJ	HGNC:21773	ENSG00000204022	Q5W064	Lipase member J	clinvar
COL4A4	HGNC:2206	ENSG00000081052	P53420	Collagen alpha-4(IV) chain	clinvar
GATA3	HGNC:4172	ENSG00000107485	P23771	Trans-acting T-cell-specific transcription factor GATA-3	clinvar
ALMS1	HGNC:428	ENSG00000116127	Q8TCU4	Centrosome-associated protein ALMS1	clinvar
PKD1	HGNC:9008	ENSG00000008710	P98161	Polycystin-1	clinvar
PRKD1	HGNC:9407	ENSG00000184304	Q15139	Serine/threonine-protein kinase D1	clinvar

Cohort function summary

Lead sentence per gene, UniProt-curated.

Symbol	Protein name	Function (lead sentence)
COL4A4	Collagen alpha-4(IV) chain	Type IV collagen is the major structural component of glomerular basement membranes (GBM), forming a ‘chicken-wire’ meshwork together with laminins, proteoglycans and entactin/nidogen.
GATA3	Trans-acting T-cell-specific transcription factor GATA-3	Transcriptional activator which binds to the enhancer of the T-cell receptor alpha and delta genes.
ALMS1	Centrosome-associated protein ALMS1	Involved in PCM1-dependent intracellular transport.
PKD1	Polycystin-1	Component of a heteromeric calcium-permeable ion channel formed by PKD1 and PKD2 that is activated by interaction between PKD1 and a Wnt family member, such as WNT3A and WNT9B.
PRKD1	Serine/threonine-protein kinase D1	Serine/threonine-protein kinase that converts transient diacylglycerol (DAG) signals into prolonged physiological effects downstream of PKC, and is involved in the regulation of MAPK8/JNK1 and Ras signaling, Golgi membrane integrity and tr…

Protein-family classification

Druggable: 2 · Difficult: 1 · Unknown: 3 · Druggable fraction: 0.33

Family distribution

Cohort families vs a genome-wide background (hypergeometric, BH-FDR; fold = observed/expected). Counts kept; sorted by enrichment, so the catch-all Other/Unknown bucket no longer leads.

Family	Genes	Fold	FDR
Antibody/Immunoglobulin	1	4.9×	0.396
Kinase	1	4.6×	0.396
Transcription factor	1	1.4×	0.719
Other/Unknown	3	0.9×	0.758

Per-gene assignment

Symbol	Family	Druggable?	EC	InterPro (top 3)
LIPJ	Other/Unknown	no		AB_hydrolase_lipase, Lipase_euk, AB_hydrolase_fold
COL4A4	Other/Unknown	no		Collagen_IV_NC, Collagen, CTDL_fold
GATA3	Transcription factor	no		Znf_GATA, Znf_NHR/GATA, TF_GATA-2/3
ALMS1	Other/Unknown	no		ALMS_motif, ALMS_repeat
PKD1	Antibody/Immunoglobulin	yes		GPS, LRRNT, PC1
PRKD1	Kinase	yes	2.7.11.13	Prot_kinase_dom, PH_domain, PKC_DAG/PE

Expression context

Cohort genes with no expression data: 0.

6 cohort genes are a single-cell marker in ≥1 SCXA experiment.

Breadth distribution (Bgee present_calls)

Bucket	Genes
narrow (1-5 tissues)	0
moderate (6-20)	0
broad (>20)	6
unknown	0

Top tissues across cohort

Tissue	Cohort genes
left testis	1
male germ line stem cell (sensu Vertebrata) in testis	1
right testis	1
metanephros cortex	1
pigmented layer of retina	1
renal medulla	1
endometrium epithelium	1
skin of hip	1
upper leg skin	1
buccal mucosa cell	1
cardia of stomach	1
periodontal ligament	1
cerebellar cortex	1
cerebellar hemisphere	1
right hemisphere of cerebellum	1
seminal vesicle	1
thoracic aorta	1
ventricular zone	1

Per-gene tissue summary (top 30)

Symbol	Bgee breadth	FANTOM5 breadth	SCXA	Top tissues
LIPJ	143		marker	male germ line stem cell (sensu Vertebrata) in testis, right testis, left testis
COL4A4	187	broad	marker	renal medulla, metanephros cortex, pigmented layer of retina
GATA3	220	broad	marker	upper leg skin, skin of hip, endometrium epithelium
ALMS1	275	ubiquitous	marker	buccal mucosa cell, periodontal ligament, cardia of stomach
PKD1	290		marker	right hemisphere of cerebellum, cerebellar hemisphere, cerebellar cortex
PRKD1	239	ubiquitous	marker	ventricular zone, seminal vesicle, thoracic aorta

Protein interactions among cohort

Intra-cohort edges: 1.

Hub genes (top 10 by interactor count)

Symbol	Interactor count
GATA3	5,990
ALMS1	2,976
PRKD1	2,131
PKD1	1,370
COL4A4	1,243
LIPJ	962

Intra-cohort edges

A	B	Sources
PKD1	PRKD1	string_interaction

Structural data

PDB: 3 · AlphaFold-only: 3 · No structure: 0

Cohort genes with PDB structures (top 30)

Symbol	UniProt	PDB entries
PKD1	P98161	13
GATA3	P23771	3
COL4A4	P53420	2

AlphaFold-only cohort genes (top 30 by pLDDT)

Symbol	UniProt	pLDDT
LIPJ	Q5W064	92.56
PRKD1	Q15139	68.99
ALMS1	Q8TCU4

Function

Pathway analysis

Distinct Reactome pathways touched by cohort: 46. Enrichment computed across 6 evidence-associated genes (6 with Reactome annotation).

Pathways by enrichment

Over-representation of cohort genes vs the genome-wide background (hypergeometric test, Benjamini-Hochberg FDR; fold = observed/expected over 6 annotated cohort genes). Counts and members are kept as ground-truth; sorted by enrichment.

Pathway	Cohort genes	Fold	FDR	Sample cohort genes
Anchoring fibril formation	1	126.9×	0.076	COL4A4
Developmental Lineage of Mammary Stem Cells	1	126.9×	0.076	GATA3
Formation of the nephric duct	1	105.7×	0.076	GATA3
Fibronectin matrix formation	1	95.2×	0.076	COL4A4
Crosslinking of collagen fibrils	1	95.2×	0.076	COL4A4
VxPx cargo-targeting to cilium	1	86.5×	0.076	PKD1
Attachment of bacteria to epithelial cells	1	82.8×	0.076	COL4A4
Laminin interactions	1	63.4×	0.076	COL4A4
Sphingolipid de novo biosynthesis	1	47.6×	0.076	PRKD1
Collagen chain trimerization	1	43.3×	0.076	COL4A4
Signaling by PDGF	1	42.3×	0.076	COL4A4
Centrosome maturation	1	42.3×	0.076	ALMS1
NCAM1 interactions	1	41.4×	0.076	COL4A4
Assembly of collagen fibrils and other multimeric structures	1	33.4×	0.076	COL4A4
Collagen degradation	1	29.3×	0.076	COL4A4
Collagen biosynthesis and modifying enzymes	1	28.4×	0.076	COL4A4
Sphingolipid metabolism	1	28.0×	0.076	PRKD1
Loss of Nlp from mitotic centrosomes	1	26.4×	0.076	ALMS1
Loss of proteins required for interphase microtubule organization from the centrosome	1	26.4×	0.076	ALMS1
Non-integrin membrane-ECM interactions	1	25.7×	0.076	COL4A4
AURKA Activation by TPX2	1	25.4×	0.076	ALMS1
ECM proteoglycans	1	25.0×	0.076	COL4A4
Differentiation of naive CD4+ T cells to T helper 2 cells (Th2 cells)	1	24.4×	0.076	GATA3
Recruitment of mitotic centrosome proteins and complexes	1	22.7×	0.076	ALMS1
Integrin cell surface interactions	1	22.4×	0.076	COL4A4
Regulation of PLK1 Activity at G2/M Transition	1	21.1×	0.076	ALMS1
Mitotic G2-G2/M phases	1	21.1×	0.076	ALMS1
G2/M Transition	1	21.1×	0.076	ALMS1
Recruitment of NuMA to mitotic centrosomes	1	19.4×	0.080	ALMS1
Anchoring of the basal body to the plasma membrane	1	18.8×	0.080	ALMS1

GO biological processes by enrichment

Over-representation of cohort genes vs the genome-wide background (hypergeometric test, Benjamini-Hochberg FDR; fold = observed/expected over 6 annotated cohort genes). Counts and members are kept as ground-truth; sorted by enrichment.

GO term	Cohort genes	Fold	FDR	Sample cohort genes
type IV hypersensitivity	1	2808.7×	0.009	GATA3
metanephric distal tubule morphogenesis	1	2808.7×	0.009	PKD1
obsolete negative regulation of cell proliferation involved in mesonephros development	1	2808.7×	0.009	GATA3
regulation of cellular response to X-ray	1	2808.7×	0.009	GATA3
obsolete negative regulation of fibroblast growth factor receptor signaling pathway involved in ureteric bud formation	1	2808.7×	0.009	GATA3
obsolete negative regulation of glial cell-derived neurotrophic factor receptor signaling pathway involved in ureteric bud formation	1	2808.7×	0.009	GATA3
positive regulation of endothelial cell migration	2	83.8×	0.009	GATA3, PRKD1
cartilage development	2	83.8×	0.009	GATA3, PKD1
pro-T cell differentiation	1	1404.3×	0.009	GATA3
regulation of skeletal muscle contraction by modulation of calcium ion sensitivity of myofibril	1	1404.3×	0.009	PRKD1
parathyroid hormone secretion	1	1404.3×	0.009	GATA3
nitrogen cycle metabolic process	1	1404.3×	0.009	PKD1
mesonephric tubule development	1	1404.3×	0.009	PKD1
regulation of nephron tubule epithelial cell differentiation	1	1404.3×	0.009	GATA3
kidney development	2	46.8×	0.009	GATA3, PKD1
anatomical structure morphogenesis	2	46.4×	0.009	GATA3, PKD1
lymph vessel morphogenesis	1	936.2×	0.010	PKD1
thymic T cell selection	1	936.2×	0.010	GATA3
nephric duct formation	1	936.2×	0.010	GATA3
metanephric proximal tubule development	1	936.2×	0.010	PKD1
immune system development	1	702.2×	0.010	GATA3
calcium-independent cell-matrix adhesion	1	702.2×	0.010	PKD1
ureter maturation	1	702.2×	0.010	GATA3
regulation of T-helper cell differentiation	1	702.2×	0.010	GATA3
mast cell differentiation	1	702.2×	0.010	GATA3
cellular response to norepinephrine stimulus	1	702.2×	0.010	PRKD1
metanephric ascending thin limb development	1	702.2×	0.010	PKD1
positive regulation of thyroid hormone generation	1	702.2×	0.010	GATA3
negative regulation of mammary gland epithelial cell proliferation	1	561.7×	0.011	GATA3
mesonephric duct development	1	561.7×	0.011	PKD1

Therapeutics

Drug target analysis

Approved (phase 4): 1 · Phase ≥3: 1 · Phased (≥1): 1 · Undrugged: 5

Druggability breadth: 3 of 6 evidence-associated genes (50%) have a ChEMBL target (buckets above are over the deeply-mined display cohort).

Genes with an approved drug

The molecule shown is one approved compound that hits the gene — not necessarily a drug of choice or one indicated for this disease.

Symbol	Example approved molecule
PRKD1	INGENOL MEBUTATE

Top cohort targets by molecule count

Symbol	Molecules	Max phase
PRKD1	26	4
LIPJ	0	0
COL4A4	0	0
GATA3	0	0
ALMS1	0	0
PKD1	0	0

Drugs targeting cohort genes (top 30)

Molecule	Max phase	Targets in cohort
INGENOL MEBUTATE	4	PRKD1
MIDOSTAURIN	4	PRKD1
TAMOXIFEN	4	PRKD1
NERATINIB	4	PRKD1
BRIGATINIB	4	PRKD1
NINTEDANIB	4	PRKD1
SUNITINIB	4	PRKD1
CRIZOTINIB	4	PRKD1
GEFITINIB	4	PRKD1
SURAMIN	3	PRKD1
FASUDIL	3	PRKD1
ALVOCIDIB	3	PRKD1
LESTAURTINIB	3	PRKD1
PHORBOL MYRISTATE ACETATE	2	PRKD1
EDELFOSINE	2	PRKD1
UPROSERTIB	2	PRKD1
UCN-01	2	PRKD1
SU-014813	2	PRKD1
AT-9283	2	PRKD1
BI-2536	2	PRKD1
KW-2449	1	PRKD1
BMS-387032	1	PRKD1
PF-03758309	1	PRKD1
SRA-737	1	PRKD1
GSK-690693	1	PRKD1
AST-487	1	PRKD1

Bioactivity and enzyme data

Enzyme cohort genes (≥1 EC): 1.

Cohort genes with ChEMBL bioactivity (full, sorted by assay count)

Symbol	Assays	Type breakdown
PRKD1	660	Binding:650, Functional:10
PKD1	27	Binding:27

Cohort enzymes (BRENDA EC)

Symbol	EC numbers	Names
PRKD1	2.7.11.13	protein kinase C

Cohort genes with high screening signal

≥100 ChEMBL assays — a studied-ness signal; see Therapeutics for approved-drug status.

Symbol	ChEMBL assays
PRKD1	660

Pharmacogenomics

Cohort genes with a PharmGKB record: 6; with CPIC/DPWG dosing guidelines: 0.

No cohort gene has a CPIC/DPWG genotype-guided dosing guideline (PharmGKB).

Chemical tractability of cohort targets

26 approved/phased compounds have measured bioactivity against a cohort gene (and aren’t yet in disease-level trials). This is a research / tractability signal, NOT a therapeutic recommendation — a bioactivity row often reflects off-target or screening binding (e.g. promiscuous kinase inhibitors against a cohort kinase), implying no disease mechanism.

Compound	Max phase	Cohort target (bioactivity)
INGENOL MEBUTATE	4	PRKD1
MIDOSTAURIN	4	PRKD1
TAMOXIFEN	4	PRKD1
NERATINIB	4	PRKD1
BRIGATINIB	4	PRKD1
NINTEDANIB	4	PRKD1
SUNITINIB	4	PRKD1
CRIZOTINIB	4	PRKD1
GEFITINIB	4	PRKD1
SURAMIN	3	PRKD1
FASUDIL	3	PRKD1
ALVOCIDIB	3	PRKD1
LESTAURTINIB	3	PRKD1
PHORBOL MYRISTATE ACETATE	2	PRKD1
EDELFOSINE	2	PRKD1
UPROSERTIB	2	PRKD1
UCN-01	2	PRKD1
SU-014813	2	PRKD1
AT-9283	2	PRKD1
BI-2536	2	PRKD1
KW-2449	1	PRKD1
BMS-387032	1	PRKD1
PF-03758309	1	PRKD1
SRA-737	1	PRKD1
GSK-690693	1	PRKD1
AST-487	1	PRKD1

Druggability pyramid

Cohort genes binned by druggability tier (high → low):

Tier	Definition	Genes	Symbols
A	Approved (phase 4 drug)	1	PRKD1
B	Phased (≥1) drug, not yet approved	0
C	Druggable family + PDB, no drug	1	PKD1
D	Druggable family + AlphaFold only, no drug	0
E	Difficult family or no structure, no drug	4	LIPJ, COL4A4, GATA3, ALMS1

Undrugged target profiles

5 cohort genes are undrugged. Ranked by ‘starting-point quality’ (assay depth + drugged-partner adjacency).

Symbol	ChEMBL assays	Drugged partners (top 3)
PKD1	27	PRKD1
LIPJ	0	—
COL4A4	0	—
GATA3	0	—
ALMS1	0	—

Clinical trials & evidence

Clinical trials

Clinical trials: 1,207.

Phase distribution (across all retrieved trials)

Phase	Trials
Not specified	660
PHASE4	133
PHASE2	111
PHASE3	72
PHASE1	58
PHASE1/PHASE2	39
PHASE2/PHASE3	20
EARLY_PHASE1	7

Top trials by phase / activity

NCT	Phase	Status	Title
NCT01475123	PHASE4	ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING	Prospective Study of End Stage Renal Disease Patients With Coronary Artery Disease Treated by Oral Nicorandil
NCT02823821	PHASE4	RECRUITING	Randomised Evaluation of Sodium Dialysate Levels on Vascular Events
NCT03055598	PHASE4	ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING	Ferric Citrate in ESRD Pilot Project
NCT03862859	PHASE4	RECRUITING	The Danish Warfarin-Dialysis Study - Safety and Efficacy of Warfarin in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation on Dialysis
NCT04094038	PHASE4	ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING	The Effect of Intradialytic Parenteral Nutrition on Nutritional Status and Quality of Life in Hemodialysis Patients
NCT05309785	PHASE4	ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING	Safety and Efficacy of Canagliflozin in Advanced CKD
NCT05411744	PHASE4	ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING	One-month Latent Tuberculosis Treatment for Renal Transplant Candidates
NCT06597201	PHASE4	RECRUITING	Evaluate the Efficacy and Safety of Amino Acid (15) Peritoneal Dialysis Solution in Peritoneal Dialysis Patients with Malnutrition.
NCT07017270	PHASE4	NOT_YET_RECRUITING	Glucagon-like-peptide-1 Receptor Agonists in Patients Receiving Maintenance Dialysis
NCT07160452	PHASE4	NOT_YET_RECRUITING	Levocarnitine for Reducing ESA Requirements in Hemodialysis Patients With Renal Anemia
NCT07259772	PHASE4	ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING	Anesthetic Effect of Ropivacaine on Local Infiltration Anesthesia in Arteriovenous Fistula Surgery
NCT07271420	PHASE4	RECRUITING	Blood Pressure Control With Thiazide Diuretics in Peritoneal Dialysis Patients
NCT07370441	PHASE4	ENROLLING_BY_INVITATION	Amino Acid (15) Peritoneal Dialysis Solution for Nutritional Improvement in Peritoneal Dialysis Patients
NCT00035178	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Pharmacokinetics/Pharmacodynamics of Argatroban Injection in End-Stage Renal Disease Patients Undergoing Hemodialysis
NCT00053547	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Safety and Effectiveness of Zemplar Injection in Decreasing iPTH Levels in Pediatric ESRD Subjects on Hemodialysis
NCT00062699	PHASE4	TERMINATED	Evaluate the Survival Benefits of Zemplar Versus Calcijex in Subjects w/ Stage V Chronic Kidney Disease on Hemodialysis
NCT00110890	PHASE4	COMPLETED	A Research Study for Patients With End-Stage Renal Disease (ESRD)
NCT00115115	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Donor Dopamine and Initial Graft Function
NCT00117104	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Evaluating Aranesp® in Subjects With End Stage Renal Disease onChronic Hemodialysis
NCT00125775	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Does Extra-High Dose Hepatitis B Vaccination Confer Longer Serological Protection in Peritoneal Dialysis Patients?
NCT00155363	PHASE4	UNKNOWN	Effect of Different Hemodialysis Modality on Adiponectin,Vascular Function and Clinical Prognosis
NCT00172809	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Interferon Treatment for Patients With Chronic Hepatitis C and End Stage Renal Disease
NCT00182559	PHASE4	COMPLETED	The Vienna Prograf and Endothelial Progenitor Cell Study
NCT00247507	PHASE4	UNKNOWN	The Effects of Acetylcysteine on Alleviating Damage of Oxidative Stress in Hemodialysis Patients
NCT00257920	PHASE4	COMPLETED	A Study of Zemplar® Injection and Hectorol® Injection on Intestinal Absorption of Calcium in Chronic Kidney Disease
NCT00261625	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Can Alendronate Suppress Calcification and Improve Bone Density in Chronic Peritoneal Dialysis Patients?
NCT00294502	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Antibiotic Lock Solutions in the Prevention of Catheter Related Bacteremia
NCT00295191	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Multiple Interventions Related to Dialysis Procedures in Order to Reduce Cardiovascular Morbidity and Mortality in HD Patients(EGESTUDY)
NCT00307463	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Effects of Strict Volume Control in Hypertensive Hemodialysis Patients on Cardiac Structure and Chronic Inflammation
NCT00328809	PHASE4	WITHDRAWN	Spironolactone Safety in Dialysis Patients
NCT00369538	PHASE4	SUSPENDED	Specific Blockage of Angiotensine 2 and Podocyturia in Glomerular Nephropathies With Hypertension and Proteinuria
NCT00374803	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Study of Myfortic in Combination With Tacrolimus and Thymoglobulin in Early Corticosteroid Withdrawal
NCT00379899	PHASE4	COMPLETED	ADVANCE: Study to Evaluate Cinacalcet Plus Low Dose Vitamin D on Vascular Calcification in Subjects With Chronic Kidney Disease Receiving Hemodialysis
NCT00400595	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Use of Ointments in Prevention of Catheter Related Infections in PD
NCT00411177	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Comparison of Post-dilution On-line Hemodiafiltration and Hemodialysis
NCT00413803	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Comparison of Four and Eight Hours Dialysis Sessions in Thrice Weekly Hemodialysis
NCT00510549	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Comparison of the Impact of Dialysis Treatment Type on Patient Survival
NCT00532597	PHASE4	UNKNOWN	Effects of On-Line Hemodiafiltration(HDF) on Vascular Health in Chronic Hemodialysis Patients
NCT00556933	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Improved Induction and Maintenance Immunosuppression in Kidney Transplantation
NCT00567489	PHASE4	COMPLETED	IMPENDIA- PEN VS Dianeal Only Improved Metabolic Control In Diabetic CAPD and APD Patients

Drugs tested across these trials (top 30)

Molecule	Max phase	Trials referencing
CINACALCET	4	21
FERRIC CITRATE	4	9
FERRIC PYROPHOSPHATE CITRATE	4	9
ICODEXTRIN	4	8
PARICALCITOL	4	7
CALCITRIOL	4	6
MYCOPHENOLIC ACID	4	6
ANAKINRA	4	5
LEVOCARNITINE	4	5
SPIRONOLACTONE	4	5
GLECAPREVIR	4	4
LOSARTAN	4	4
TACROLIMUS ANHYDROUS	4	4
ACETYLCYSTEINE	4	3
APIXABAN	4	3
BELATACEPT	4	3
EPOETIN ALFA	4	3
HEPARIN	4	3
MYCOPHENOLATE MOFETIL	4	3
PIOGLITAZONE	4	3
ROXADUSTAT	4	3
SIROLIMUS	4	3
TENAPANOR	4	3
WARFARIN	4	3
ALFACALCIDOL	4	2
BASILIXIMAB	4	2
BOCEPREVIR	4	2
CALCIUM CARBONATE	4	2
DACLIZUMAB	4	2
DAPTOMYCIN	4	2