Endocrine exophthalmos
disease diseaseOn this page
Also known as Graves’ eye diseaseGraves’ ophthalmopathyGraves’ orbitopathyTEDthyroid eye diseasethyroid-associated ophthalmopathy
Summary
Endocrine exophthalmos (MONDO:0001509) is a disease and 107 clinical trials. Top therapeutic interventions include teprotumumab, sodium chloride, and timolol. A subtype of disease of orbital part of eye adnexa — broader associated-gene and molecular evidence is on the parent page (see Disease family below).
At a glance
- Clinical trials: 107
Clinical features
No curated clinical features (Orphanet) for this disease.
Identifiers
Disease identifiers
| Field | Value |
|---|---|
| Canonical name | endocrine exophthalmos |
| Mondo ID | MONDO:0001509 |
| DOID | DOID:12359 |
| SNOMED CT | 276177000 |
| UMLS | C0155264 |
| MedGen | 509882 |
| Is cancer (heuristic) | no |
Also known as: Graves’ eye disease · Graves’ ophthalmopathy · Graves’ orbitopathy · TED · thyroid eye disease · thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy
Disease family
This is a subtype of disease of orbital part of eye adnexa. Genetic, therapeutic, and trial evidence is largely curated at the broader-term level — see the parent page for the associated-gene cohort and molecular evidence.
Classification path: disease › human disease › disease by body system or component › disorder of orbital region › eye adnexa disorder › disease of orbital part of eye adnexa › endocrine exophthalmos
Related subtypes (8): enophthalmos, acute orbital inflammation, lateral displacement of eye, intermittent proptosis, pulsating exophthalmos, chronic orbital inflammation, orbital cyst, constant exophthalmos
Subtypes (2): thyrotoxic exophthalmos, exophthalmic ophthalmoplegia
Genetics & variants
GWAS landscape
No GWAS associations recorded — common-variant (GWAS) studies don’t cover this disease (typical for Mendelian / rare diseases). See the curated gene cohort and Mendelian overlap below.
Variant details and genetic-evidence tiers
No tiered GWAS variants or ClinVar records for this disease.
Genes & proteins
No associated-gene cohort resolved for this disease. Atlas builds the molecular and therapeutic sections — associated genes, protein families, druggability, pathways, interactions, and drug associations — by aggregating over a disease’s associated genes (resolved via GWAS / GenCC / ClinVar / CIViC), and none resolved here. This is expected for antibody-mediated, autoimmune, or otherwise non-gene-defined conditions; the curated evidence for this disease is its clinical features, GWAS susceptibility, and clinical trials (above).
Function
No pathway enrichment — requires an associated-gene cohort.
Therapeutics
No druggable-target or therapeutic data for this disease’s cohort.
Clinical trials & evidence
Clinical trials
Clinical trials: 107.
Phase distribution (across all retrieved trials)
| Phase | Trials |
|---|---|
| PHASE3 | 32 |
| Not specified | 29 |
| PHASE4 | 14 |
| PHASE2 | 12 |
| PHASE2/PHASE3 | 7 |
| PHASE1/PHASE2 | 7 |
| PHASE1 | 6 |
Top trials by phase / activity
| NCT | Phase | Status | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| NCT03098225 | PHASE4 | NOT_YET_RECRUITING | A Trial to Evaluate the Efficacy of Orbital Radiotherapy in Graves’ Orbitopathy |
| NCT06927375 | PHASE4 | RECRUITING | A Study on the Combined Use of Tocilizumab and Flupentixol-Melitracen in the Treatment of Thyroid-Associated Ophthalmopathy |
| NCT07152340 | PHASE4 | RECRUITING | The Safety and Efficacy of Sequential Hormone Therapy and IBI311 Therapy in Patients With Active Moderate to Severe TAO in the Initial Treatment. |
| NCT07152366 | PHASE4 | RECRUITING | Efficacy and Safety of Sequential Hormone Therapy and Tetuzumab Therapy in Patients With Moderate to Severe TAO in the Active Stage After Glucocorticoid Treatment. |
| NCT07152392 | PHASE4 | RECRUITING | Evaluation of the Efficacy and Safety Observation of IBI311 Treatment in Patients With Inactive TAO |
| NCT07265258 | PHASE4 | NOT_YET_RECRUITING | A Study of Teprotumumab N01 in Subjects With Active Thyroid Eye Disease |
| NCT07308964 | PHASE4 | NOT_YET_RECRUITING | Comparison of the Efficacy and Safety of 4 vs. 8 Treatments With Tepezza (Teprotumumab) for Thyroid Eye Disease |
| NCT01599273 | PHASE4 | COMPLETED | Treatment of Upper Eyelid Retraction Related to Thyroid-associated Ophthalmopathy Using Subconjunctival Triamcinolone Injections |
| NCT01738243 | PHASE4 | TERMINATED | Hyaluronic Acid Gels for Upper Lid Retraction in Active Stage Thyroid Eye Disease |
| NCT01927406 | PHASE4 | WITHDRAWN | The Secondary Beneficial Effects of Prostaglandin Analog Treatment in Thyroid Eye Disease Patients. |
| NCT03107078 | PHASE4 | UNKNOWN | Using A Novel Classification System in Intravenous GCs Therapy of TAO: A Multi-central, Randomized, Open, Superior Trial |
| NCT03948191 | PHASE4 | COMPLETED | 99Tc-MDP for Thyroid-Associated Ophthalmopathy |
| NCT04583735 | PHASE4 | COMPLETED | A Study Evaluating TEPEZZA® Treatment in Patients With Chronic (Inactive) Thyroid Eye Disease |
| NCT05002998 | PHASE4 | COMPLETED | TEPEZZA® (Teprotumumab-trbw) Post-Marketing Requirement Study |
| NCT03131726 | PHASE3 | RECRUITING | Treatment of Graves´ophthalmopathy with Simvastatin (GO-S) |
| NCT05276063 | PHASE2/PHASE3 | ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING | A Phase 2b, Study of Linsitinib in Subjects With Active, Moderate to Severe Thyroid Eye Disease (TED) |
| NCT05987423 | PHASE3 | ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING | Study to Evaluate the Efficacy, Safety, Pharmacokinetics, and Pharmacodynamics of Satralizumab in Participants With Thyroid Eye Disease |
| NCT06106828 | PHASE3 | ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING | A Study to Evaluate the Efficacy, Safety, Pharmacokinetics, and Pharmacodynamics of Satralizumab in Participants With Thyroid Eye Disease |
| NCT06112340 | PHASE2/PHASE3 | RECRUITING | Extension Study of Two Doses of Linsitinib in Subjects With Active, Moderate to Severe Thyroid Eye Disease (TED) |
| NCT06248619 | PHASE3 | ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING | A Trial to Investigate Teprotumumab Subcutaneous Administration Compared With Placebo in Male and Female Adult Participants With Moderate-to-severe Active Thyroid Eye Disease |
| NCT06392906 | PHASE3 | RECRUITING | Orbital Radiotherapy in Grave’s Ophthalmopathy 1 Week vs 2 Weeks (OraGO-1 Trial) |
| NCT06625398 | PHASE3 | ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING | An Efficacy, Safety, and Tolerability Study of VRDN-003 in Participants With Chronic Thyroid Eye Disease (TED) |
| NCT06625411 | PHASE3 | ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING | An Efficacy, Safety, and Tolerability Study of VRDN-003 in Participants With Active Thyroid Eye Disease (TED) |
| NCT06812325 | PHASE3 | ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING | A Safety and Tolerability Study of VRDN-003 in Participants With Thyroid Eye Disease (TED) |
| NCT06989918 | PHASE3 | RECRUITING | MHB018A Treatment in Patients With Active Thyroid Eye Disease |
| NCT07113262 | PHASE3 | RECRUITING | A Clinical Study to Evaluate the Efficacy and Safety of IBI311 in Subjects With Inactive Thyroid Eye Disease |
| NCT07155668 | PHASE3 | ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING | A Safety, Tolerability and Pharmacokinetics Study of VRDN-003 in Participants With Thyroid Eye Disease (TED) |
| NCT07211776 | PHASE3 | RECRUITING | A Study to Assess the Efficacy and Safety of ZL-1109 in Chinese Participants With Active Thyroid Eye Disease |
| NCT07257185 | PHASE3 | RECRUITING | MHB018A Treatment in Patients With Chronic Thyroid Eye Disease |
| NCT07262476 | PHASE3 | RECRUITING | Open-Label Extension Study of MHB018A in Subjects With Thyroid Eye Disease |
| NCT00595335 | PHASE2/PHASE3 | COMPLETED | Trial of Rituximab for Graves’ Ophthalmopathy |
| NCT01297699 | PHASE3 | COMPLETED | Tocilizumab Treatment in Graves´ Ophthalmopathy (Graves´ Orbitopathy or Thyroid Eye Disease) |
| NCT01579539 | PHASE3 | COMPLETED | The Effect of Intravenous Glucocorticoids on the Tearfilm in Eyes With Thyroid-associated Ophthalmopathy |
| NCT02112643 | PHASE3 | WITHDRAWN | Selenium in Mild Thyroid Eye Disease in North America |
| NCT02155049 | PHASE3 | COMPLETED | Treatment of Soft Tissue Expansion in Inactive Thyroid Eye Disease Patients Using Drops of Prostaglandin Analogues |
| NCT02393183 | PHASE2/PHASE3 | WITHDRAWN | The Effect of a New Antioxidant Combination (ASTED) on Mild Thyroid Eye Disease (TED) |
| NCT02422368 | PHASE2/PHASE3 | WITHDRAWN | The Effect of a New Antioxidant Combination (ASTED) on Moderate to Severe Thyroid Eye Disease |
| NCT03298867 | PHASE3 | COMPLETED | Treatment of Graves’ Orbitopathy (Thyroid Eye Disease) to Reduce Proptosis With Teprotumumab Infusions in a Randomized, Placebo-Controlled, Clinical Study |
| NCT03461211 | PHASE3 | COMPLETED | Treatment of Graves’ Orbitopathy to Reduce Proptosis With Teprotumumab Infusions in an Open-Label Clinical Extension Study |
| NCT04548284 | PHASE3 | UNKNOWN | Study of Therapeutic Value of Periorbital Injection of Glucocorticoid in Mild TAO |
Drugs tested across these trials (top 30)
| Molecule | Max phase | Trials referencing |
|---|---|---|
| TEPROTUMUMAB | 4 | 10 |
| SODIUM CHLORIDE | 4 | 3 |
| TIMOLOL | 4 | 3 |
| DOXYCYCLINE HYCLATE | 4 | 2 |
| EFGARTIGIMOD ALFA | 4 | 2 |
| METHYLPREDNISOLONE | 4 | 2 |
| SATRALIZUMAB | 4 | 2 |
| BIMATOPROST | 4 | 1 |
| METHIMAZOLE | 4 | 1 |
| TOCILIZUMAB | 4 | 1 |
| BATOCLIMAB | 3 | 3 |
| LINSITINIB | 3 | 2 |
| SELENIUM | 3 | 2 |
| SODIUM SELENATE | 3 | 1 |
| VELIGROTUG | 2 | 4 |
| LONIGUTAMAB | 1 | 1 |
| CHEMBL1200567 | 0 | 2 |
| CHEMBL1744069 | 0 | 1 |
| CHEMBL4303730 | 0 | 1 |