Essential hypertension

Summary

Essential hypertension (MONDO:0001134) is a disease with 41 cohort genes (633 GWAS associations across 34 studies) and 306 clinical trials. Top therapeutic interventions include olmesartan medoxomil, perindopril, and azilsartan medoxomil.

At a glance

• Cohort genes: 41
• GWAS associations: 633
• ClinVar variants: 6
• Clinical trials: 306

Clinical features

No curated clinical features (Orphanet) for this disease.

Identifiers

Disease identifiers

Field	Value
Canonical name	essential hypertension
Mondo ID	MONDO:0001134
MeSH	D000075222
Orphanet	243761
DOID	DOID:10825
ICD-11	761947693
SNOMED CT	59621000
UMLS	C0085580
MedGen	88442
Is cancer (heuristic)	no

Also known as: idiopathic hypertension · primary hypertension

Data availability: 6 ClinVar variants · 633 GWAS associations (34 studies).

Disease family

An umbrella term covering 3 Mondo subtypes.

Classification path: disease › human disease › disease by body system or component › cardiovascular disorder › vascular disorder › arterial disorder › hypertensive disorder › essential hypertension

Related subtypes (11): secondary hypertension, pulmonary hypertension, early onset hypertension, chemotherapy-induced hypertension, intracranial hypertension, malignant hypertension, ocular hypertension, kallikrein hypertension, hypertension, pregnancy-induced, resistant hypertension, hypertensive urgency

Subtypes (3): malignant essential hypertension, benign essential hypertension, essential hypertension, genetic

Genetics & variants

GWAS landscape

633 GWAS associations across 34 studies. Top hits map to 9 distinct genes (as reported by GWAS).

Top associations by p-value

rsID	p-value	Gene	Risk allele	Odds ratio
chr4:80261400	7e-90		C	0.1
rs12509595	2e-83	PRDM8 - FGF5	T	0.1
chr7:150993088	3e-70		T	0.15
chr2:26691496	4e-61		T	0.08
rs1558902	2e-57	FTO	T	0.08
chr12:111446804	6e-55		C	0.07
chr10:61751548	3e-53		A	0.1
chr11:100767524	3e-53		A	0.08
chr5:32831833	6e-50		C	0.07
chr1:10736809	2e-48		C	0.07
rs16998073	2e-47	PRDM8 - FGF5	?
chr6:126840925	3e-47		T	0.07
chr15:90885291	7e-46		C	0.07
chr11:1865986	2e-43		C	0.06
chr19:7257979	8e-43		G	0.09
rs1421085	2e-41	FTO	T	0.08
chr12:115114632	2e-41		G	0.06
chr1:11835738	2e-41		A	0.08
chr1:11858036	2e-39		A	0.09
chr20:10986566	3e-39		G	0.06
chr11:1866576	4e-37		?	0.06
chr5:158391010	5e-37		G	0.06
chr20:8635941	1e-35		G	0.06
chr19:11416089	2e-35		G	0.06
chr15:90885060	5e-35		?	0.06
rs12978472	6e-35	INSR	C	0.09
chr20:59159857	7e-35		A	0.09
chr12:89631845	8e-35		A	0.06
chr5:32819073	3e-34		T	0.06
rs1275923	4e-34	KCNK3	C	0.06

Top studies (by case count)

Study	Lead author	Year	Cases	Controls	Title
GCST90475922	Verma A	2024	320,429	107,275	Diversity and scale: Genetic architecture of 2068 traits in the VA Million Veteran Program.
GCST90473522	UK Biobank Whole-Genome Sequencing Consortium	2025	184,088	274,352	Whole-genome sequencing of 490,640 UK Biobank participants.
GCST90667950	UK Biobank Whole-Genome Sequencing Consortium	2025	184,088	274,352	Whole-genome sequencing of 490,640 UK Biobank participants.
GCST90079962	Backman JD	2021	105,117	269,090	Exome sequencing and analysis of 454,787 UK Biobank participants.
GCST90083948	Backman JD	2021	105,117	269,090	Exome sequencing and analysis of 454,787 UK Biobank participants.
GCST90297593	Auwerx C	2024	97,860	179,146	Rare copy-number variants as modulators of common disease susceptibility.
GCST90297647	Auwerx C	2024	97,860	179,146	Rare copy-number variants as modulators of common disease susceptibility.
GCST90297697	Auwerx C	2024	97,860	179,146	Rare copy-number variants as modulators of common disease susceptibility.
GCST90297742	Auwerx C	2024	97,860	179,146	Rare copy-number variants as modulators of common disease susceptibility.
GCST90691960	Karczewski KJ	2025	94,062	325,488	Pan-UK Biobank genome-wide association analyses enhance discovery and resolution of ancestry-enriched effects.

Variant details and genetic-evidence tiers

Tier distribution (top 50 variants)

Tier	Variants
Tier 1: coding	0
Tier 2: splice/UTR	1
Tier 3: regulatory	0
Tier 4: intronic/intergenic	49

MAF distribution

Bucket	Variants
common (>=0.05)	16
low_freq (0.01-0.05)	1
rare (<0.01)	0
unknown	33

Functional consequences

Consequence	Count
unknown	38
intron_variant	9
intergenic_variant	2
3_prime_UTR_variant	1

Top variants

rsID	Chr	Pos	Alleles	MAF	Consequence	Gene	p-value	Tier
chr4:80261400							7e-90	Tier 4: intronic/intergenic
rs12509595	4	80261400	T>C,G	0.286	intergenic_variant	PRDM8 - FGF5	2e-83	Tier 4: intronic/intergenic
chr7:150993088							3e-70	Tier 4: intronic/intergenic
chr2:26691496							4e-61	Tier 4: intronic/intergenic
rs1558902	16	53769662	T>A	0.404	intron_variant	FTO	2e-57	Tier 4: intronic/intergenic
chr12:111446804							6e-55	Tier 4: intronic/intergenic
chr10:61751548							3e-53	Tier 4: intronic/intergenic
chr11:100767524							3e-53	Tier 4: intronic/intergenic
chr5:32831833							6e-50	Tier 4: intronic/intergenic
chr1:10736809							2e-48	Tier 4: intronic/intergenic
rs16998073	4	80263187	A>C,G,T	0.05	intergenic_variant	PRDM8 - FGF5	2e-47	Tier 4: intronic/intergenic
chr6:126840925							3e-47	Tier 4: intronic/intergenic
chr15:90885291							7e-46	Tier 4: intronic/intergenic
chr11:1865986							2e-43	Tier 4: intronic/intergenic
chr19:7257979							8e-43	Tier 4: intronic/intergenic
rs1421085	16	53767042	T>C	0.333	intron_variant	FTO	2e-41	Tier 4: intronic/intergenic
chr12:115114632							2e-41	Tier 4: intronic/intergenic
chr1:11835738							2e-41	Tier 4: intronic/intergenic
chr1:11858036				0.159			2e-39	Tier 4: intronic/intergenic
chr20:10986566							3e-39	Tier 4: intronic/intergenic
chr11:1866576							4e-37	Tier 4: intronic/intergenic
chr5:158391010							5e-37	Tier 4: intronic/intergenic
chr20:8635941							1e-35	Tier 4: intronic/intergenic
chr19:11416089							2e-35	Tier 4: intronic/intergenic
chr15:90885060							5e-35	Tier 4: intronic/intergenic
rs12978472	19	7257979	C>A,G,T	0.121	intron_variant	INSR	6e-35	Tier 4: intronic/intergenic
chr20:59159857							7e-35	Tier 4: intronic/intergenic
chr12:89631845							8e-35	Tier 4: intronic/intergenic
chr5:32819073				0.412			3e-34	Tier 4: intronic/intergenic
rs1275923	2	26709928	C>T	0.404	intron_variant	KCNK3	4e-34	Tier 4: intronic/intergenic

ClinVar germline variants

6 retrieved; paginated sample, class counts are floors:

2 uncertain significance, 1 likely pathogenic, 1 association, 1 not provided, 1 pathogenic

ClinVar	Variant (HGVS)	Gene	Classification	Review
7864	NM_000961.4(PTGIS):c.1358+2T>C	PTGIS	Pathogenic	no assertion criteria provided
1179033	NM_000685.5(AGTR1):c.599dup (p.Asn200fs)	AGTR1	Likely pathogenic	criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts
931540	NM_000603.5(NOS3):c.284C>T (p.Thr95Ile)	NOS3	Uncertain significance	criteria provided, single submitter
1033155	NM_000961.4(PTGIS):c.283G>A (p.Asp95Asn)	PTGIS	Uncertain significance	criteria provided, single submitter
219224	NC_000016.10:g.20354332A>G	UMOD	association	no assertion criteria provided
585032	NM_000777.5(CYP3A5):c.1165C>T (p.Pro389Ser)	CYP3A5	not provided	no classification provided

Genes & proteins

Mendelian disease overlap and somatic drivers

GenCC: 0 · Orphanet: 19 · OMIM-shared: 0 · Dual-evidence (GWAS+Mendelian): 0

Orphanet rare-disease linkage (cohort genes)

Gene	Orphanet ID	Rare disease
SALL1	Orphanet:857	Townes-Brocks syndrome
UMOD	Orphanet:88950	UMOD-related autosomal dominant tubulointerstitial kidney disease
PRDM8	Orphanet:324290	PRDM8-related progressive myoclonus epilepsy
CHEK2	Orphanet:1331	Familial prostate cancer
CHEK2	Orphanet:145	Hereditary breast and/or ovarian cancer syndrome
CHEK2	Orphanet:440437	Familial colorectal cancer Type X
CHEK2	Orphanet:524	Li-Fraumeni syndrome
CHEK2	Orphanet:668	Osteosarcoma
B3GLCT	Orphanet:709	Peters plus syndrome
ANTXR2	Orphanet:2028	Juvenile hyaline fibromatosis
ANTXR2	Orphanet:2176	Infantile systemic hyalinosis
AGTR1	Orphanet:97369	Renal tubular dysgenesis of genetic origin
FOXC1	Orphanet:250923	Isolated aniridia
FOXC1	Orphanet:708	Peters anomaly
FOXC1	Orphanet:782	Axenfeld-Rieger syndrome
FOXC1	Orphanet:91483	Rieger anomaly
FOXC1	Orphanet:98978	Axenfeld anomaly
GUCY1A1	Orphanet:401945	Moyamoya disease with early-onset achalasia
MRAS	Orphanet:648	Noonan syndrome

Cohort genes → proteins

41 cohort genes, 35 distinct canonical proteins.

Evidence partition

Subset	Genes
gwas_only	35
multi_evidence	6

Cohort genes (full)

Symbol	HGNC	Ensembl	UniProt	Name	Evidence
SALL1	HGNC:10524	ENSG00000103449	Q9NSC2	Sal-like protein 1	gwas
SLC22A1	HGNC:10963	ENSG00000175003	O15245	Solute carrier family 22 member 1	gwas
UMOD	HGNC:12559	ENSG00000169344	P07911	Uromodulin	clinvar
PRDM8	HGNC:13993	ENSG00000152784	Q9NQV8	PR domain zinc finger protein 8	gwas
PCDH18	HGNC:14268	ENSG00000189184	Q9HCL0	Protocadherin-18	gwas
CHORDC1	HGNC:14525	ENSG00000110172	Q9UHD1	Cysteine and histidine-rich domain-containing protein 1	gwas
MTMR9	HGNC:14596	ENSG00000104643	Q96QG7	Myotubularin-related protein 9	gwas
OR4C3	HGNC:14697	ENSG00000176547	Q8NH37	Olfactory receptor 4C3	gwas
PPP1R3B	HGNC:14942	ENSG00000173281	Q86XI6	Protein phosphatase 1 regulatory subunit 3B	gwas
OR4X2	HGNC:15184	ENSG00000172208	Q8NGF9	Olfactory receptor 4X2	gwas
CHEK2	HGNC:16627	ENSG00000183765	O96017	Serine/threonine-protein kinase Chk2	gwas
RXFP2	HGNC:17318	ENSG00000133105	Q8WXD0	Relaxin receptor 2	gwas
PURG	HGNC:17930	ENSG00000172733	Q9UJV8	Purine-rich element-binding protein gamma	gwas
HSD17B12	HGNC:18646	ENSG00000149084	Q53GQ0	Very-long-chain 3-oxoacyl-CoA reductase	gwas
UNC79	HGNC:19966	ENSG00000133958	Q9P2D8	Protein unc-79 homolog	gwas
DNAJC1	HGNC:20090	ENSG00000136770	Q96KC8	DnaJ homolog subfamily C member 1	gwas
B3GLCT	HGNC:20207	ENSG00000187676	Q6Y288	Beta-1,3-glucosyltransferase	gwas
ILRUN	HGNC:21215	ENSG00000196821	Q9H6K1	Protein ILRUN	gwas
NME9	HGNC:21343	ENSG00000181322	Q86XW9	Thioredoxin domain-containing protein 6	gwas
ANTXR2	HGNC:21732	ENSG00000163297	P58335	Anthrax toxin receptor 2	gwas
HERPUD2	HGNC:21915	ENSG00000122557	Q9BSE4	Homocysteine-responsive endoplasmic reticulum-resident ubiquitin-like domain member 2 protein	gwas
NANOS3	HGNC:22048	ENSG00000187556	P60323	Nanos homolog 3	clinvar
REXO1	HGNC:24616	ENSG00000079313	Q8N1G1	RNA exonuclease 1 homolog	gwas
MAP9	HGNC:26118	ENSG00000164114	Q49MG5	Microtubule-associated protein 9	gwas
CYP3A5	HGNC:2638	ENSG00000106258	P20815	Cytochrome P450 3A5	clinvar
GXYLT1	HGNC:27482	ENSG00000151233	Q4G148	Glucoside xylosyltransferase 1	gwas
BAHCC1	HGNC:29279	ENSG00000266074	Q9P281	BAH and coiled-coil domain-containing protein 1	gwas
OR4C45	HGNC:31270	ENSG00000260811	A6NMZ5	Olfactory receptor 4C45	gwas
AGTR1	HGNC:336	ENSG00000144891	P30556	Type-1 angiotensin II receptor	clinvar
FOXC1	HGNC:3800	ENSG00000054598	Q12948	Forkhead box protein C1	gwas
MIR9-2HG	HGNC:42810	ENSG00000245526		MIR9-2 host gene	gwas
GUCY1A1	HGNC:4685	ENSG00000164116	Q02108	Guanylate cyclase soluble subunit alpha-1	gwas
PTPRD-DT	HGNC:49754	ENSG00000226717		PTPRD divergent transcript	gwas
MIR4713HG	HGNC:53124	ENSG00000259240		MIR4713 host gene	gwas
LINC02400	HGNC:53327	ENSG00000257784		long intergenic non-protein coding RNA 2400	gwas
LINC02468	HGNC:53406	ENSG00000256499		long intergenic non-protein coding RNA 2468	gwas
LINC02510	HGNC:53499	ENSG00000250341		long intergenic non-protein coding RNA 2510	gwas
MRAS	HGNC:7227	ENSG00000158186	O14807	Ras-related protein M-Ras	gwas
NOS3	HGNC:7876	ENSG00000164867	P29474	Nitric oxide synthase 3	clinvar
OR4B1	HGNC:8290	ENSG00000175619	Q8NGF8	Olfactory receptor 4B1	gwas
PTGIS	HGNC:9603	ENSG00000124212	Q16647	Prostacyclin synthase	clinvar

Cohort function summary

Lead sentence per gene, UniProt-curated.

Symbol	Protein name	Function (lead sentence)
SALL1	Sal-like protein 1	Transcriptional repressor involved in organogenesis.
SLC22A1	Solute carrier family 22 member 1	Electrogenic voltage-dependent transporter that mediates the transport of a variety of organic cations such as endogenous bioactive amines, cationic drugs and xenobiotics.
UMOD	Uromodulin	Functions in biogenesis and organization of the apical membrane of epithelial cells of the thick ascending limb of Henle’s loop (TALH), where it promotes formation of complex filamentous gel-like structure that may play a role in the water…
PRDM8	PR domain zinc finger protein 8	Probable histone methyltransferase, preferentially acting on ‘Lys-9’ of histone H3.
PCDH18	Protocadherin-18	Potential calcium-dependent cell-adhesion protein.
CHORDC1	Cysteine and histidine-rich domain-containing protein 1	Regulates centrosome duplication, probably by inhibiting the kinase activity of ROCK2.
MTMR9	Myotubularin-related protein 9	Acts as an adapter for myotubularin-related phosphatases.
OR4C3	Olfactory receptor 4C3	Odorant receptor.
PPP1R3B	Protein phosphatase 1 regulatory subunit 3B	Acts as a glycogen-targeting subunit for phosphatase PP1.
OR4X2	Olfactory receptor 4X2	Odorant receptor.
CHEK2	Serine/threonine-protein kinase Chk2	Serine/threonine-protein kinase which is required for checkpoint-mediated cell cycle arrest, activation of DNA repair and apoptosis in response to the presence of DNA double-strand breaks.
RXFP2	Relaxin receptor 2	Receptor for relaxin.
HSD17B12	Very-long-chain 3-oxoacyl-CoA reductase	Catalyzes the second of the four reactions of the long-chain fatty acids elongation cycle.
UNC79	Protein unc-79 homolog	Auxiliary subunit of the NALCN sodium channel complex, a voltage-gated ion channel responsible for the resting Na(+) permeability that controls neuronal excitability.
DNAJC1	DnaJ homolog subfamily C member 1	May modulate protein synthesis.
B3GLCT	Beta-1,3-glucosyltransferase	Beta-1,3-glucosyltransferase involved in one of the two pathways responsible for protein O-linked fucosylation, a unique post-translational modification of cysteine-knotted proteins that regulates various biological processes.
ILRUN	Protein ILRUN	Negative regulator of innate antiviral response.
NME9	Thioredoxin domain-containing protein 6	May be a regulator of microtubule physiology.
ANTXR2	Anthrax toxin receptor 2	Necessary for cellular interactions with laminin and the extracellular matrix.
HERPUD2	Homocysteine-responsive endoplasmic reticulum-resident ubiquitin-like domain member 2 protein	Could be involved in the unfolded protein response (UPR) pathway.
NANOS3	Nanos homolog 3	Plays a role in the maintenance of the undifferentiated state of germ cells regulating the spermatogonia cell cycle and inducing a prolonged transit in G1 phase.
REXO1	RNA exonuclease 1 homolog	Seems to have no detectable effect on transcription elongation in vitro.
MAP9	Microtubule-associated protein 9	Involved in organization of the bipolar mitotic spindle.
CYP3A5	Cytochrome P450 3A5	A cytochrome P450 monooxygenase involved in the metabolism of steroid hormones and vitamins.
GXYLT1	Glucoside xylosyltransferase 1	Glycosyltransferase which elongates the O-linked glucose attached to EGF-like repeats in the extracellular domain of Notch proteins by catalyzing the addition of xylose.
OR4C45	Olfactory receptor 4C45	Odorant receptor.
AGTR1	Type-1 angiotensin II receptor	Receptor for angiotensin II, a vasoconstricting peptide, which acts as a key regulator of blood pressure and sodium retention by the kidney.
FOXC1	Forkhead box protein C1	DNA-binding transcriptional factor that plays a role in a broad range of cellular and developmental processes such as eye, bones, cardiovascular, kidney and skin development.
MRAS	Ras-related protein M-Ras	Signal transducer in the Ras-MAPK signaling pathway that regulates cell proliferation and survival.
NOS3	Nitric oxide synthase 3	Produces nitric oxide (NO) which is implicated in vascular smooth muscle relaxation through a cGMP-mediated signal transduction pathway.
OR4B1	Olfactory receptor 4B1	Odorant receptor.
PTGIS	Prostacyclin synthase	Catalyzes the biosynthesis and metabolism of eicosanoids.

Protein-family classification

Druggable: 16 · Difficult: 6 · Unknown: 19 · Druggable fraction: 0.39

Family distribution

Cohort families vs a genome-wide background (hypergeometric, BH-FDR; fold = observed/expected). Counts kept; sorted by enrichment, so the catch-all Other/Unknown bucket no longer leads.

Family	Genes	Fold	FDR
GPCR	6	3.5×	0.061
Phosphatase	1	2.0×	0.789
Transporter	1	1.9×	0.789
Enzyme (other)	5	1.5×	0.789
Kinase	2	1.4×	0.789
Transcription factor	5	1.0×	0.847
Other/Unknown	19	0.8×	0.916
Antibody/Immunoglobulin	1	0.7×	0.916
Scaffold/PPI	1	0.4×	0.916

Per-gene assignment

Symbol	Family	Druggable?	EC	InterPro (top 3)
SALL1	Transcription factor	no		Znf_C2H2_type, Znf_C2H2_sf, Sal_C2H2-zinc-finger
SLC22A1	Transporter	yes		Orgcat_transp/SVOP, MFS_sugar_transport-like, Sugar_transporter_CS
UMOD	Other/Unknown	no		EGF-type_Asp/Asn_hydroxyl_site, EGF, ZP_dom
PRDM8	Transcription factor	no		SET_dom, Znf_C2H2_type, Znf_C2H2_sf
PCDH18	Other/Unknown	no		Cadherin-like_dom, Cadherin_N, Cadherin-like_sf
CHORDC1	Other/Unknown	no		CHORD_dom, CS_dom, HSP20-like_chaperone
MTMR9	Phosphatase	yes		Myotubularin-like_Pase_dom, PH-like_dom_sf, Prot-tyrosine_phosphatase-like
OR4C3	GPCR	yes		GPCR_Rhodpsn, Olfact_rcpt, GPCR_Rhodpsn_7TM
PPP1R3B	Other/Unknown	no		CBM21_dom, Pase-1_reg-su_3B/C/D_met, PP1_3B
OR4X2	GPCR	yes		GPCR_Rhodpsn, Olfact_rcpt, GPCR_Rhodpsn_7TM
CHEK2	Kinase	yes	2.7.11.1	FHA_dom, Prot_kinase_dom, Ser/Thr_kinase_AS
RXFP2	GPCR	yes		GPCR_Rhodpsn, Leu-rich_rpt, LDrepeatLR_classA_rpt
PURG	Other/Unknown	no		PUR-bd_fam
HSD17B12	Enzyme (other)	yes	1.1.1.62	SDR_fam, Sc_DH/Rdtase_CS, NAD(P)-bd_dom_sf
UNC79	Other/Unknown	no		ARM-type_fold, UNC79
DNAJC1	Transcription factor	no		SANT/Myb, DnaJ_domain, Homeodomain-like_sf
B3GLCT	Other/Unknown	no		Fringe-like_glycosylTrfase, Nucleotide-diphossugar_trans
ILRUN	Antibody/Immunoglobulin	yes		UBA-like_sf, Ig-like_fold, Nbr1_FW
NME9	Kinase	yes		Nucleoside_diP_kinase, Thioredoxin_domain, Thioredoxin_CS
ANTXR2	Other/Unknown	no		VWF_A, Anthrax_toxin_rcpt_C, Anthrax_toxin_rcpt_extracel
HERPUD2	Other/Unknown	no		Ubiquitin-like_dom, Ubiquitin-like_domsf, HERPUD1/2
NANOS3	Transcription factor	no		Nanos/Xcar2, Znf_nanos-typ, Nanos_sf
REXO1	Other/Unknown	no		RNaseH-like_sf, Ribonucl_H, REXO1-like_dom
MAP9	Other/Unknown	no		MAP9
CYP3A5	Enzyme (other)	yes	1.14.14.1	Cyt_P450, Cyt_P450_E_grp-II, Cyt_P450_E_CYP3A
GXYLT1	Other/Unknown	no		Glyco_trans_8, Nucleotide-diphossugar_trans, Glycosyltransferase_8
BAHCC1	Scaffold/PPI	no		BAH_dom, BAH_sf, Tudor_BAHCC1
OR4C45	GPCR	yes		GPCR_Rhodpsn, Olfact_rcpt, GPCR_Rhodpsn_7TM
AGTR1	GPCR	yes		ATII_AT1_rcpt, ATII_rcpt, GPCR_Rhodpsn
FOXC1	Transcription factor	no		Fork_head_dom, TF_fork_head_CS_1, TF_fork_head_CS_2
MIR9-2HG	Other/Unknown	no
GUCY1A1	Enzyme (other)	yes	4.6.1.2	A/G_cyclase, HNOB_dom_associated, A/G_cyclase_CS
PTPRD-DT	Other/Unknown	no
MIR4713HG	Other/Unknown	no
LINC02400	Other/Unknown	no
LINC02468	Other/Unknown	no
LINC02510	Other/Unknown	no
MRAS	Other/Unknown	no		Small_GTPase, Small_GTP-bd, Small_GTPase_Ras-type
NOS3	Enzyme (other)	yes	1.14.13.39	Flavdoxin-like, OxRdtase_FAD/NAD-bd, Flavoprot_Pyr_Nucl_cyt_Rdtase
OR4B1	GPCR	yes		GPCR_Rhodpsn, Olfact_rcpt, GPCR_Rhodpsn_7TM
PTGIS	Enzyme (other)	yes	5.3.99.4	Cyt_P450, Cyt_P450_E_grp-IV, Cyt_P450_CYP7A1-type

Expression context

Cohort genes with no expression data: 0.

29 cohort genes are a single-cell marker in ≥1 SCXA experiment.

Breadth distribution (Bgee present_calls)

Bucket	Genes
narrow (1-5 tissues)	4
moderate (6-20)	1
broad (>20)	36
unknown	0

Top tissues across cohort

Tissue	Cohort genes
ventricular zone	7
male germ line stem cell (sensu Vertebrata) in testis	7
colonic epithelium	4
liver	3
cortical plate	3
parietal pleura	3
primordial germ cell in gonad	3
renal medulla	2
right lobe of liver	2
ganglionic eminence	2
mucosa of stomach	2
calcaneal tendon	2
endothelial cell	2
hindlimb stylopod muscle	2
granulocyte	2
lower esophagus mucosa	2
buccal mucosa cell	2
Brodmann (1909) area 23	2
sperm	2
pigmented layer of retina	2

Per-gene tissue summary (top 30)

Symbol	Bgee breadth	FANTOM5 breadth	SCXA	Top tissues
SALL1	195	broad	marker	ventricular zone, inferior vagus X ganglion, renal medulla
SLC22A1	163	tissue_specific	marker	right lobe of liver, liver, cartilage tissue
UMOD	104	tissue_specific	marker	renal medulla, adult organism, adult mammalian kidney
PRDM8	159	ubiquitous	marker	cortical plate, ganglionic eminence, mucosa of stomach
PCDH18	238	ubiquitous	marker	stromal cell of endometrium, calcaneal tendon, parietal pleura
CHORDC1	134	ubiquitous	marker	corpus callosum, endometrium, ventricular zone
MTMR9	289	broad	marker	endothelial cell, Brodmann (1909) area 46, substantia nigra pars compacta
OR4C3	1		yes	colonic epithelium, sural nerve, ventricular zone
PPP1R3B	141	ubiquitous	marker	skeletal muscle tissue, liver, hindlimb stylopod muscle
OR4X2	1		yes	granulocyte, colonic epithelium, ventricular zone
CHEK2	183	ubiquitous	marker	primordial germ cell in gonad, lower esophagus mucosa, male germ line stem cell (sensu Vertebrata) in testis
RXFP2	61	tissue_specific	yes	male germ line stem cell (sensu Vertebrata) in testis, buccal mucosa cell, monocyte
PURG	173	broad	yes	sperm, middle temporal gyrus, Brodmann (1909) area 23
HSD17B12	295	ubiquitous	marker	endothelial cell, pigmented layer of retina, retina
UNC79	106	broad	marker	right hemisphere of cerebellum, cerebellar cortex, cerebellar hemisphere
DNAJC1	278	ubiquitous	marker	secondary oocyte, pylorus, cardia of stomach
B3GLCT	218	ubiquitous	marker	left ventricle myocardium, calcaneal tendon, cardiac muscle of right atrium
ILRUN	290	ubiquitous	marker	gastrocnemius, tendon of biceps brachii, muscle of leg
NME9	161	broad	marker	right uterine tube, olfactory segment of nasal mucosa, male germ line stem cell (sensu Vertebrata) in testis
ANTXR2	243	ubiquitous	marker	mucosa of stomach, decidua, smooth muscle tissue
HERPUD2	260	ubiquitous	marker	cauda epididymis, caput epididymis, buccal mucosa cell
NANOS3	129	broad	yes	primordial germ cell in gonad, prefrontal cortex, amygdala
REXO1	173	ubiquitous	marker	right testis, left testis, right adrenal gland cortex
MAP9	265	ubiquitous	marker	lateral nuclear group of thalamus, Brodmann (1909) area 23, pons
CYP3A5	243	tissue_specific	marker	jejunal mucosa, right lobe of liver, liver
GXYLT1	236	ubiquitous	yes	pigmented layer of retina, parietal pleura, adrenal tissue
BAHCC1	190	ubiquitous	marker	right hemisphere of cerebellum, cerebellar hemisphere, cerebellar cortex
OR4C45	3		yes	male germ line stem cell (sensu Vertebrata) in testis, colonic epithelium, ventricular zone
AGTR1	224		marker	skin of hip, placenta, subcutaneous adipose tissue
FOXC1	267	ubiquitous	marker	parotid gland, vena cava, trigeminal ganglion

Protein interactions among cohort

Intra-cohort edges: 5.

Hub genes (top 10 by interactor count)

Symbol	Interactor count
CHEK2	4,795
NOS3	3,606
HSD17B12	2,937
FOXC1	2,896
AGTR1	2,651
MRAS	2,391
DNAJC1	2,375
SALL1	2,189
UMOD	2,084
PTGIS	2,053

Intra-cohort edges

A	B	Sources
ANTXR2	PRDM8	string_interaction
B3GLCT	RXFP2	string_interaction
CYP3A5	PTGIS	string_interaction
FOXC1	SALL1	intact
NOS3	PTGIS	string_interaction

Structural data

PDB: 19 · AlphaFold-only: 16 · No structure: 6

Cohort genes with PDB structures (top 30)

Symbol	UniProt	PDB entries
NOS3	P29474	105
CHEK2	O96017	38
SLC22A1	O15245	16
ANTXR2	P58335	14
GUCY1A1	Q02108	12
AGTR1	P30556	11
MRAS	O14807	11
UMOD	P07911	10
CYP3A5	P20815	6
UNC79	Q9P2D8	3
PPP1R3B	Q86XI6	2
DNAJC1	Q96KC8	2
PTGIS	Q16647	2
PCDH18	Q9HCL0	1
CHORDC1	Q9UHD1	1
RXFP2	Q8WXD0	1
ILRUN	Q9H6K1	1
NME9	Q86XW9	1
HERPUD2	Q9BSE4	1

AlphaFold-only cohort genes (top 30 by pLDDT)

Symbol	UniProt	pLDDT
MTMR9	Q96QG7	95.16
HSD17B12	Q53GQ0	94.55
OR4C3	Q8NH37	89.61
OR4C45	A6NMZ5	88.01
OR4B1	Q8NGF8	87.12
B3GLCT	Q6Y288	86.94
OR4X2	Q8NGF9	85.13
GXYLT1	Q4G148	85.06
PURG	Q9UJV8	72.82
NANOS3	P60323	71.75
MAP9	Q49MG5	62.53
REXO1	Q8N1G1	59.13
FOXC1	Q12948	56.09
PRDM8	Q9NQV8	55.64
SALL1	Q9NSC2	49.54
BAHCC1	Q9P281	40.51

Function

Pathway analysis

Distinct Reactome pathways touched by cohort: 85. Enrichment computed across 41 evidence-associated genes (23 with Reactome annotation).

Pathways by enrichment

Over-representation of cohort genes vs the genome-wide background (hypergeometric test, Benjamini-Hochberg FDR; fold = observed/expected over 23 annotated cohort genes). Counts and members are kept as ground-truth; sorted by enrichment.

Pathway	Cohort genes	Fold	FDR	Sample cohort genes
Nitric oxide stimulates guanylate cyclase	2	70.9×	0.030	GUCY1A1, NOS3
Formation of the ureteric bud	2	43.2×	0.041	SALL1, FOXC1
NOSIP mediated eNOS trafficking	1	248.3×	0.090	NOS3
NOSTRIN mediated eNOS trafficking	1	99.3×	0.090	NOS3
Abacavir transmembrane transport	1	99.3×	0.090	SLC22A1
Ciprofloxacin ADME	1	99.3×	0.090	SLC22A1
Abacavir ADME	1	62.1×	0.090	SLC22A1
SHOC2 M1731 mutant abolishes MRAS complex function	1	62.1×	0.090	MRAS
Gain-of-function MRAS complexes activate RAF signaling	1	62.1×	0.090	MRAS
Formation of intermediate mesoderm	1	62.1×	0.090	FOXC1
Neurotransmitter clearance	1	55.2×	0.090	SLC22A1
Relaxin receptors	1	55.2×	0.090	RXFP2
Tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4) synthesis, recycling, salvage and regulation	1	49.6×	0.090	NOS3
Androgen biosynthesis	1	45.1×	0.090	HSD17B12
Regulation of CDH11 gene transcription	1	45.1×	0.090	PRDM8
Synthesis of PIPs at the late endosome membrane	1	41.4×	0.090	MTMR9
Eicosanoids	1	41.4×	0.090	PTGIS
Uptake and function of anthrax toxins	1	41.4×	0.090	ANTXR2
eNOS activation	1	38.2×	0.090	NOS3
POU5F1 (OCT4), SOX2, NANOG activate genes related to proliferation	1	38.2×	0.090	SALL1
Specification of primordial germ cells	1	38.2×	0.090	NANOS3
Kidney development	1	35.5×	0.090	SALL1
Synthesis of IP2, IP, and Ins in the cytosol	1	33.1×	0.090	MTMR9
Synthesis of Prostaglandins (PG) and Thromboxanes (TX)	1	33.1×	0.090	PTGIS
SLC-mediated transport of organic cations	1	33.1×	0.090	SLC22A1
R-HSA-549132	1	33.1×	0.090	SLC22A1
Stabilization of p53	1	33.1×	0.090	CHEK2
Expression and translocation of olfactory receptors	4	4.9×	0.090	OR4C3, OR4X2, OR4C45, OR4B1
Chk1/Chk2(Cds1) mediated inactivation of Cyclin B:Cdk1 complex	1	29.2×	0.098	CHEK2
Norepinephrine Neurotransmitter Release Cycle	1	27.6×	0.098	SLC22A1

GO biological processes by enrichment

Over-representation of cohort genes vs the genome-wide background (hypergeometric test, Benjamini-Hochberg FDR; fold = observed/expected over 29 annotated cohort genes). Counts and members are kept as ground-truth; sorted by enrichment.

GO term	Cohort genes	Fold	FDR	Sample cohort genes
blood vessel diameter maintenance	3	64.6×	0.004	AGTR1, FOXC1, NOS3
obsolete nitric oxide mediated signal transduction	2	89.4×	0.025	GUCY1A1, NOS3
apoptotic signaling pathway	3	23.2×	0.025	UMOD, NANOS3, PTGIS
regulation of blood pressure	3	22.9×	0.025	UMOD, GUCY1A1, NOS3
inductive cell-cell signaling	1	581.1×	0.033	SALL1
citric acid secretion	1	581.1×	0.033	UMOD
glomerular epithelium development	1	581.1×	0.033	FOXC1
retrograde trans-synaptic signaling by nitric oxide, modulating synaptic transmission	1	581.1×	0.033	GUCY1A1
positive regulation of hematopoietic stem cell differentiation	1	581.1×	0.033	FOXC1
O-acyl-L-carnitine transmembrane transport	1	581.1×	0.033	SLC22A1
organ or tissue specific immune response	1	290.6×	0.033	UMOD
regulation of the force of heart contraction by chemical signal	1	290.6×	0.033	NOS3
apoptotic process involved in outflow tract morphogenesis	1	290.6×	0.033	FOXC1
response to water deprivation	1	290.6×	0.033	UMOD
negative regulation of muscle hyperplasia	1	290.6×	0.033	NOS3
smooth muscle hyperplasia	1	290.6×	0.033	NOS3
acetylcholine transport	1	290.6×	0.033	SLC22A1
protein transport into plasma membrane raft	1	290.6×	0.033	UMOD
negative regulation of glycogen catabolic process	1	290.6×	0.033	PPP1R3B
tetrahydrobiopterin metabolic process	1	290.6×	0.033	NOS3
olfactory bulb mitral cell layer development	1	290.6×	0.033	SALL1
protein localization to extracellular region	1	290.6×	0.033	UMOD
kidney epithelium development	1	290.6×	0.033	SALL1
ureteric bud invasion	1	290.6×	0.033	SALL1
metanephric thick ascending limb development	1	290.6×	0.033	UMOD
protein localization to vacuole	1	290.6×	0.033	UMOD
negative regulation of apoptotic process involved in outflow tract morphogenesis	1	290.6×	0.033	FOXC1
positive regulation of core promoter binding	1	290.6×	0.033	FOXC1
ureteric bud development	2	31.4×	0.033	SALL1, FOXC1
limb development	2	28.4×	0.033	SALL1, B3GLCT

Therapeutics

Drugs indicated for this disease

1 approved, 26 in late-stage (phase 3) trials. Disease-direct ChEMBL indications, not inferred from the associated-gene cohort below.

Drug	Development status
Spironolactone	Approved (phase 4)
Aliskiren	Phase 3 (in late-stage trials)
Amlodipine	Phase 3 (in late-stage trials)
Atenolol	Phase 3 (in late-stage trials)
Azilsartan	Phase 3 (in late-stage trials)
Azilsartan Medoxomil	Phase 3 (in late-stage trials)
Candesartan	Phase 3 (in late-stage trials)
Candesartan Cilexetil	Phase 3 (in late-stage trials)
Captopril	Phase 3 (in late-stage trials)
Carvedilol	Phase 3 (in late-stage trials)
Chlorthalidone	Phase 3 (in late-stage trials)
Eplerenone	Phase 3 (in late-stage trials)
Eprosartan	Phase 3 (in late-stage trials)
Fimasartan	Phase 3 (in late-stage trials)
Furosemide	Phase 3 (in late-stage trials)
Hydrochlorothiazide	Phase 3 (in late-stage trials)
Imidapril	Phase 3 (in late-stage trials)
Indapamide	Phase 3 (in late-stage trials)
Irbesartan	Phase 3 (in late-stage trials)
Losartan	Phase 3 (in late-stage trials)
Olmesartan	Phase 3 (in late-stage trials)
Olmesartan Medoxomil	Phase 3 (in late-stage trials)
Simvastatin	Phase 3 (in late-stage trials)
Sitokiren	Phase 3 (in late-stage trials)
Telmisartan	Phase 3 (in late-stage trials)
Valsartan	Phase 3 (in late-stage trials)
XL550	Phase 3 (in late-stage trials)

Earlier-phase candidates (phase 2, investigational — efficacy not yet established): Alcohol, Allopurinol, Aprocitentan, Arginine, Bexagliflozin, Enalapril, Firibastat, Lercanidipine, Lisinopril Anhydrous, Melatonin, Nebivolol, Osilodrostat, Sacubitril, Tadalafil.

Drug target analysis

Approved (phase 4): 6 · Phase ≥3: 6 · Phased (≥1): 8 · Undrugged: 33

Druggability breadth: 11 of 41 evidence-associated genes (27%) have a ChEMBL target (buckets above are over the deeply-mined display cohort).

Genes with an approved drug

The molecule shown is one approved compound that hits the gene — not necessarily a drug of choice or one indicated for this disease.

Symbol	Example approved molecule
SLC22A1	PROGESTERONE
CHEK2	NERATINIB
CYP3A5	KETOCONAZOLE
AGTR1	IRBESARTAN
GUCY1A1	BENZYDAMINE
NOS3	CHLORZOXAZONE

Top cohort targets by molecule count

Symbol	Molecules	Max phase
AGTR1	88	4
SLC22A1	86	4
CHEK2	30	4
CYP3A5	17	4
NOS3	6	4
GUCY1A1	2	4
HSD17B12	1	2
PTGIS	1	2
SALL1	0	0
UMOD	0	0

Drugs targeting cohort genes (top 30)

Molecule	Max phase	Targets in cohort
PROGESTERONE	4	SLC22A1
CLOTRIMAZOLE	4	AGTR1, SLC22A1
IMIPRAMINE	4	SLC22A1
TAPENTADOL	4	SLC22A1
ETHOPROPAZINE	4	SLC22A1
TRAMADOL	4	SLC22A1
REPAGLINIDE	4	SLC22A1
QUINIDINE	4	SLC22A1
CLONIDINE	4	SLC22A1
ESTRADIOL	4	SLC22A1
KETOCONAZOLE	4	CYP3A5, SLC22A1
CLEMASTINE	4	SLC22A1
DOXEPIN	4	SLC22A1
RITONAVIR	4	AGTR1, CYP3A5, SLC22A1
QUININE	4	SLC22A1
PHENFORMIN	4	SLC22A1
MEPENZOLATE BROMIDE	4	SLC22A1
RANITIDINE	4	SLC22A1
PRAZOSIN	4	AGTR1, SLC22A1
TRIMETHOPRIM	4	SLC22A1
DILTIAZEM	4	SLC22A1
PROPRANOLOL	4	AGTR1, SLC22A1
BITHIONOL	4	SLC22A1
MEPTAZINOL	4	SLC22A1
PYRIMETHAMINE	4	SLC22A1
CLOMIPRAMINE	4	SLC22A1
GUANABENZ	4	SLC22A1
AMSACRINE	4	SLC22A1
ONDANSETRON	4	SLC22A1
IRINOTECAN	4	SLC22A1

Bioactivity and enzyme data

Enzyme cohort genes (≥1 EC): 6.

Cohort genes with ChEMBL bioactivity (full, sorted by assay count)

Symbol	Assays	Type breakdown
CHEK2	690	Binding:687, Functional:2, ADMET:1
CYP3A5	604	ADMET:585, Binding:19
AGTR1	421	Binding:315, Functional:105, ADMET:1
NOS3	188	Binding:178, ADMET:6, Functional:4
SLC22A1	97	Functional:41, Binding:35, ADMET:21
GUCY1A1	45	Binding:40, Functional:5
HSD17B12	12	Binding:12
PTGIS	12	Binding:12
RXFP2	5	Functional:3, Binding:2
ANTXR2	3	Binding:3
PRDM8	1	Binding:1

Cohort enzymes (BRENDA EC)

Symbol	EC numbers	Names
CHEK2	2.7.11.1	non-specific serine/threonine protein kinase
HSD17B12	1.1.1.62	17beta-estradiol 17-dehydrogenase
CYP3A5	1.14.14.1	unspecific monooxygenase
GUCY1A1	4.6.1.2	guanylate cyclase
NOS3	1.14.13.39	nitric-oxide synthase (NADPH)
PTGIS	5.3.99.4	prostaglandin-I synthase

Cohort genes with high screening signal

≥100 ChEMBL assays — a studied-ness signal; see Therapeutics for approved-drug status.

Symbol	ChEMBL assays
CHEK2	690
CYP3A5	604
AGTR1	421
NOS3	188

Pharmacogenomics

Cohort genes with a PharmGKB record: 35; with CPIC/DPWG dosing guidelines: 1.

Cohort genes with a CPIC/DPWG dosing guideline

Symbol	CPIC guidelines
CYP3A5	1

Chemical tractability of cohort targets

30 approved/phased compounds have measured bioactivity against a cohort gene (and aren’t yet in disease-level trials). This is a research / tractability signal, NOT a therapeutic recommendation — a bioactivity row often reflects off-target or screening binding (e.g. promiscuous kinase inhibitors against a cohort kinase), implying no disease mechanism.

Compound	Max phase	Cohort target (bioactivity)
PROGESTERONE	4	SLC22A1
CLOTRIMAZOLE	4	AGTR1, SLC22A1
IMIPRAMINE	4	SLC22A1
TAPENTADOL	4	SLC22A1
ETHOPROPAZINE	4	SLC22A1
TRAMADOL	4	SLC22A1
REPAGLINIDE	4	SLC22A1
QUINIDINE	4	SLC22A1
CLONIDINE	4	SLC22A1
ESTRADIOL	4	SLC22A1
KETOCONAZOLE	4	CYP3A5, SLC22A1
CLEMASTINE	4	SLC22A1
DOXEPIN	4	SLC22A1
RITONAVIR	4	AGTR1, CYP3A5, SLC22A1
QUININE	4	SLC22A1
PHENFORMIN	4	SLC22A1
MEPENZOLATE BROMIDE	4	SLC22A1
RANITIDINE	4	SLC22A1
PRAZOSIN	4	AGTR1, SLC22A1
TRIMETHOPRIM	4	SLC22A1
DILTIAZEM	4	SLC22A1
PROPRANOLOL	4	AGTR1, SLC22A1
BITHIONOL	4	SLC22A1
MEPTAZINOL	4	SLC22A1
PYRIMETHAMINE	4	SLC22A1
CLOMIPRAMINE	4	SLC22A1
GUANABENZ	4	SLC22A1
AMSACRINE	4	SLC22A1
ONDANSETRON	4	SLC22A1
IRINOTECAN	4	SLC22A1

Druggability pyramid

Cohort genes binned by druggability tier (high → low):

Tier	Definition	Genes	Symbols
A	Approved (phase 4 drug)	6	SLC22A1, CHEK2, CYP3A5, AGTR1, GUCY1A1, NOS3
B	Phased (≥1) drug, not yet approved	2	HSD17B12, PTGIS
C	Druggable family + PDB, no drug	3	RXFP2, ILRUN, NME9
D	Druggable family + AlphaFold only, no drug	5	MTMR9, OR4C3, OR4X2, OR4C45, OR4B1
E	Difficult family or no structure, no drug	25	SALL1, UMOD, PRDM8, PCDH18, CHORDC1, PPP1R3B, PURG, UNC79, DNAJC1, B3GLCT (+15 more)

Undrugged target profiles

33 cohort genes are undrugged. Ranked by ‘starting-point quality’ (assay depth + drugged-partner adjacency).

Symbol	ChEMBL assays	Drugged partners (top 3)
SALL1	0	—
UMOD	0	—
PRDM8	1	—
PCDH18	0	—
CHORDC1	0	—
MTMR9	0	—
OR4C3	0	—
PPP1R3B	0	—
OR4X2	0	—
RXFP2	5	—
PURG	0	—
UNC79	0	—
DNAJC1	0	—
B3GLCT	0	—
ILRUN	0	—
NME9	0	—
ANTXR2	3	—
HERPUD2	0	—
NANOS3	0	—
REXO1	0	—
MAP9	0	—
GXYLT1	0	—
BAHCC1	0	—
OR4C45	0	—
FOXC1	0	—
MIR9-2HG	0	—
PTPRD-DT	0	—
MIR4713HG	0	—
LINC02400	0	—
LINC02468	0	—

Clinical trials & evidence

Clinical trials

Clinical trials: 306.

Phase distribution (across all retrieved trials)

Phase	Trials
Not specified	100
PHASE3	83
PHASE4	45
PHASE1	37
PHASE2	31
PHASE2/PHASE3	5
EARLY_PHASE1	3
PHASE1/PHASE2	2

Top trials by phase / activity

NCT	Phase	Status	Title
NCT05880056	PHASE4	RECRUITING	Study of Bisoprolol (Nerkardou - Nerhadou International) 5 and 10 mg Oral Dissolvable Film (ODF) Treatment in Egyptian Patients With Essential Hypertension
NCT05917275	PHASE4	RECRUITING	Multi-Omics to Predict the Blood Pressure Response to Antihypertensives
NCT06041529	PHASE4	ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING	Study to Evaluate the Efficacy and Safety of TEL/AML/CTD in Elderly Patients With Essential Hypertension
NCT06501651	PHASE4	NOT_YET_RECRUITING	Sacubitril/Valsartan Treats Patients With Essential Hypertension and Type 2 Diabetic Nephropathy
NCT07607275	PHASE4	NOT_YET_RECRUITING	Effect of the Traditional Chinese Medicine Yufeng Ningxin in Patients With Hypertension
NCT00157963	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Hydrochlorothiazide (+) Losartan Potassium vs. Amlodipine Comparative Study (0954A-314)
NCT00295555	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Doxazosin Effects on ABPM in Hypertensive Patients With Diabetic Nephropathy
NCT00311155	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Olmesartan and an add-on Treatment in Patients With Mild to Moderate Hypertension
NCT00328965	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Lacidipine In Mild To Moderate Essential Hypertension Patients With Type 2 Diabetes In Korea
NCT00366119	PHASE4	UNKNOWN	Safety and Efficacy of Ramipril in the Treatment of Essential Hypertension
NCT00408512	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Pharmacosurveillance and Pharmacogenetics of First-line Diuretics in Hypertension: The StayOnDiur Study
NCT00438945	PHASE4	COMPLETED	The Effect of Eprosartan on Hormones and Kidney Function in Patients With Essential Hypertension
NCT00457483	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Nijmegen Antihypertensive Management Improvement Study
NCT00509470	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Evaluation of Effect of Combination With Telmisartan and Hydrochlorothiazide in Hypertensives Uncontrolled on Amlodipine
NCT00654875	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Efficacy and Safety of Once Daily Dosing of Aliskiren (300 mg (qd) Once a Day) to Twice Daily Dosing of Aliskiren (150 mg (Bid) Twice a Day) in Treating Moderate Hypertension.
NCT00716950	PHASE4	UNKNOWN	Valsartan and Amlodipine Compared to Losartan and Amlodipine in Hypertensive Patients
NCT00741585	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Prognostic Value of the Circadian Pattern of Ambulatory Blood Pressure for Multiple Risk Assessment
NCT00765947	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Efficacy and Tolerability of an Aliskiren-based Treatment Algorithm in Patients With Mild to Moderate Hypertension
NCT00794885	PHASE4	COMPLETED	China Stroke Primary Prevention Trial
NCT00819104	PHASE4	COMPLETED	A Study to Compare the Efficacy, Safety and Tolerability of Selomax With Its Individual Components
NCT00841308	PHASE4	UNKNOWN	Home Blood Pressure in Hypertension Management
NCT00890591	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Efficacy and Safety of Olmesartan Medoxomil in Stage 1 and 2 Essential Hypertension
NCT00994617	PHASE4	UNKNOWN	Monotherapy Versus Dual Therapy for Initial Treatment for Hypertension
NCT01011660	PHASE4	UNKNOWN	Effects of Angiotensin II Receptor Blocker Compared With Diuretics in High-risk Hypertensive Patients
NCT01042392	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Efficacy of Aliskiren Compared to Ramipril in the Treatment of Moderate Systolic Hypertensive Patients
NCT01120990	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Hybrid Blood Pressure Monitor Validation
NCT01131546	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Efficacy and Safety of Levamlodipine Besylate Compared to Amlodipine Maleate in Patients With Essential Hypertension
NCT01132768	PHASE4	TERMINATED	The Confirmatory Olmesartan Plaque Regression Study
NCT01180413	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Intensive Vasodilator Therapy in Patients With Essential Hypertension
NCT01241487	PHASE4	COMPLETED	A National Multicentre Study to Assess the Efficacy of the Fixed Combination of Valsartan and Amlodipine in Hypertensive Patients Not Controlled by Monotherapy
NCT01629225	PHASE4	UNKNOWN	GRK4 Polymorphisms Blood Pressure Response to Candesartan
NCT01825759	PHASE4	UNKNOWN	Danshen Dropping Pill for Coronary Heart Disease Heart and Artery Structure and Function
NCT02031861	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Efficacy Study of Nifedipine Controlled-Release Tablets (Xin Ran) to Treat Mild to Moderate Essential Hypertension
NCT02058446	PHASE4	COMPLETED	PMS Study of Amlodipine/Valsartan for the Treatment of Hypertension
NCT02062645	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Study of Efficacy and Safety of CVAA489 in Hypertensive Patients
NCT02184858	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Dose Titration of Lisinopril in Children Aged 1 to 18 Years With Primary or Secondary Hypertension
NCT02214498	PHASE4	UNKNOWN	Treatment of HYpertension: Morning Versus Evening
NCT02357615	PHASE4	UNKNOWN	Efficacy Study of Nifedipine Controlled-Release Tablets (Xin Ran) to Treat Early Morning Blood Pressure and Central Arterial Pressure
NCT02517866	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Azilsartan Medoxomil in the Treatment of Essential Hypertension and Type 2 Diabetes in Asia
NCT02612298	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Efficacy and Safety of Arotinolol Hydrochloride on Morning Blood Pressure and Heart Rate

Drugs tested across these trials (top 30)

Molecule	Max phase	Trials referencing
OLMESARTAN MEDOXOMIL	4	26
PERINDOPRIL	4	21
AZILSARTAN MEDOXOMIL	4	18
LOSARTAN	4	17
AMLODIPINE	4	10
ENALAPRIL	4	9
HYDROCHLOROTHIAZIDE	4	9
CHLORTHALIDONE	4	7
ALISKIREN	4	6
LISINOPRIL ANHYDROUS	4	6
EPLERENONE	4	5
CANDESARTAN CILEXETIL	4	4
IRBESARTAN	4	4
TELMISARTAN	4	4
VALSARTAN	4	4
EPROSARTAN	4	3
RAMIPRIL	4	3
AMILORIDE	4	2
ATENOLOL	4	2
INDAPAMIDE	4	2
LEVAMLODIPINE	4	2
SACUBITRIL	4	2
ALLOPURINOL	4	1
APROCITENTAN	4	1
BEXAGLIFLOZIN	4	1
CANRENONE	4	1
CARVEDILOL	4	1
DIGOXIN	4	1
FOLIC ACID	4	1
FOSINOPRIL	4	1