Food allergy
diseaseOn this page
Also known as allergic disease from food materialallergy of food materialfood material allergic disease
Summary
Food allergy (MONDO:0700226) is a disease with 7 GWAS associations across 11 studies and 188 clinical trials. Top therapeutic interventions include omalizumab, montelukast, and abrocitinib. A subtype of allergic disease — broader associated-gene and molecular evidence is on the parent page (see Disease family below).
At a glance
- GWAS associations: 7
- Clinical trials: 188
Clinical features
No curated clinical features (Orphanet) for this disease.
Identifiers
Disease identifiers
| Field | Value |
|---|---|
| Canonical name | food allergy |
| Mondo ID | MONDO:0700226 |
| EFO | EFO:1001890 |
| MeSH | D005512 |
| DOID | DOID:3044 |
| SNOMED CT | 414285001 |
| UMLS | C4554344 |
| MedGen | 1635115 |
| Is cancer (heuristic) | no |
Also known as: allergic disease from food material · allergy of food material · food material allergic disease
Data availability: 7 GWAS associations (11 studies).
Disease family
This is a subtype of allergic disease. Genetic, therapeutic, and trial evidence is largely curated at the broader-term level — see the parent page for the associated-gene cohort and molecular evidence.
Classification path: disease › human disease › disease by body system or component › immune system disorder › hypersensitivity reaction disease › allergic disease › food allergy
Related subtypes (11): allergic respiratory disease, drug allergy, gastrointestinal allergy, latex allergy, atopic eczema, atopic IgE-mediated allergic disorder, eye allergy, vulvovaginitis, allergic seminal, allergic otitis media, alpha-gal syndrome, venom allergy
Genetics & variants
GWAS landscape
7 GWAS associations across 11 studies. Top hits map to 5 distinct genes (as reported by GWAS).
Top associations by p-value
| rsID | p-value | Gene | Risk allele | Odds ratio |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| rs146034586 | 2e-12 | SIPA1L2 | A | 1.84 |
| rs182185943 | 3e-12 | SPEN-AS1 | T | 2.22 |
| rs187636472 | 9e-12 | MDGA2 | A | 2.6 |
| rs62532186 | 1e-11 | SAMD12-AS1 - TNFRSF11B | C | 2.36 |
| rs138133765 | 2e-11 | NR3C1 | C | 2.68 |
| rs563977426 | 2e-11 | DTD1 | G | 2.56 |
| rs539702989 | 4e-11 | PITPNA - SLC43A2 | G | 3.79 |
Top studies (by case count)
| Study | Lead author | Year | Cases | Controls | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| GCST90077811 | Backman JD | 2021 | 2,207 | 329,547 | Exome sequencing and analysis of 454,787 UK Biobank participants. |
| GCST90081797 | Backman JD | 2021 | 2,207 | 329,547 | Exome sequencing and analysis of 454,787 UK Biobank participants. |
| GCST90038662 | Donertas HM | 2021 | 2,185 | 482,413 | Common genetic associations between age-related diseases. |
| GCST90077812 | Backman JD | 2021 | 2,000 | 327,052 | Exome sequencing and analysis of 454,787 UK Biobank participants. |
| GCST90081798 | Backman JD | 2021 | 2,000 | 327,052 | Exome sequencing and analysis of 454,787 UK Biobank participants. |
| GCST90479301 | Verma A | 2024 | 1,234 | 447,624 | Diversity and scale: Genetic architecture of 2068 traits in the VA Million Veteran Program. |
| GCST90479300 | Verma A | 2024 | 738 | 119,898 | Diversity and scale: Genetic architecture of 2068 traits in the VA Million Veteran Program. |
| GCST90480624 | Verma A | 2024 | 738 | 119,898 | Diversity and scale: Genetic architecture of 2068 traits in the VA Million Veteran Program. |
| GCST90482549 | Verma A | 2024 | 311 | 59,122 | Diversity and scale: Genetic architecture of 2068 traits in the VA Million Veteran Program. |
| GCST90436861 | Zhou W | 2018 | 184 | 404,817 | Efficiently controlling for case-control imbalance and sample relatedness in large-scale genetic association studies. |
Variant details and genetic-evidence tiers
Tier distribution (top 50 variants)
| Tier | Variants |
|---|---|
| Tier 1: coding | 0 |
| Tier 2: splice/UTR | 0 |
| Tier 3: regulatory | 0 |
| Tier 4: intronic/intergenic | 7 |
MAF distribution
| Bucket | Variants |
|---|---|
| common (>=0.05) | 0 |
| low_freq (0.01-0.05) | 0 |
| rare (<0.01) | 7 |
| unknown | 0 |
Functional consequences
| Consequence | Count |
|---|---|
| intron_variant | 5 |
| intergenic_variant | 2 |
Top variants
| rsID | Chr | Pos | Alleles | MAF | Consequence | Gene | p-value | Tier |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| rs146034586 | 1 | 232535256 | A>T | 0.002 | intron_variant | SIPA1L2 | 2e-12 | Tier 4: intronic/intergenic |
| rs182185943 | 1 | 15810681 | T>G | 0.001 | intron_variant | SPEN-AS1 | 3e-12 | Tier 4: intronic/intergenic |
| rs187636472 | 14 | 47445922 | A>C,G | 0.001 | intron_variant | MDGA2 | 9e-12 | Tier 4: intronic/intergenic |
| rs62532186 | 8 | 118915485 | C>T | 0.001 | intergenic_variant | SAMD12-AS1 - TNFRSF11B | 1e-11 | Tier 4: intronic/intergenic |
| rs138133765 | 5 | 143323405 | C>T | 0 | intron_variant | NR3C1 | 2e-11 | Tier 4: intronic/intergenic |
| rs563977426 | 20 | 18601414 | G>A | 0.001 | intron_variant | DTD1 | 2e-11 | Tier 4: intronic/intergenic |
| rs539702989 | 17 | 1568650 | G>A,C | 0 | intergenic_variant | PITPNA - SLC43A2 | 4e-11 | Tier 4: intronic/intergenic |
Genes & proteins
No associated-gene cohort resolved for this disease. Atlas builds the molecular and therapeutic sections — associated genes, protein families, druggability, pathways, interactions, and drug associations — by aggregating over a disease’s associated genes (resolved via GWAS / GenCC / ClinVar / CIViC), and none resolved here. This is expected for antibody-mediated, autoimmune, or otherwise non-gene-defined conditions; the curated evidence for this disease is its clinical features, GWAS susceptibility, and clinical trials (above).
Function
No pathway enrichment — requires an associated-gene cohort.
Therapeutics
Drugs indicated for this disease
0 approved, 1 in late-stage (phase 3) trials. Disease-direct ChEMBL indications, not inferred from the associated-gene cohort below.
| Drug | Development status |
|---|---|
| Ligelizumab | Phase 3 (in late-stage trials) |
Earlier-phase candidates (phase 2, investigational — efficacy not yet established): Acalabrutinib, Ibrutinib, Omalizumab.
Clinical trials & evidence
Clinical trials
Clinical trials: 188.
Phase distribution (across all retrieved trials)
| Phase | Trials |
|---|---|
| Not specified | 145 |
| PHASE2 | 19 |
| PHASE1/PHASE2 | 8 |
| PHASE4 | 7 |
| PHASE1 | 7 |
| PHASE3 | 1 |
| EARLY_PHASE1 | 1 |
Top trials by phase / activity
| NCT | Phase | Status | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| NCT02112734 | PHASE4 | ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING | Can Vitamin D Supplementation in the First Year of Life Prevent Food Allergy in Infants? The VITALITY Trial: Parts 1&2 |
| NCT06437171 | PHASE4 | ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING | FeNO as a Marker of Allergic Reactions to OFC and Response of OMA Treatment in Multiple FA |
| NCT06618963 | PHASE4 | RECRUITING | Effect of Omalizumab in the Skin of Food Allergy Patients |
| NCT01618929 | PHASE4 | COMPLETED | Effects of Montelukast in Asthmatic Children With and Without Food Allergy |
| NCT02552537 | PHASE4 | COMPLETED | iFAAM: The Impact of Proton-pump Inhibitors (Antacids) on Threshold Dose Distributions |
| NCT03964051 | PHASE4 | TERMINATED | Protection From Food Induced Anaphylaxis by Reducing the Serum Level of Specific IgE (Protana). |
| NCT04037176 | PHASE4 | COMPLETED | Behandling af Boern Med Foedevareallergi Med Omalizumab (Xolair) |
| NCT05678959 | PHASE3 | TERMINATED | Long-term Extension Study of Ligelizumab in Food Allergy |
| NCT05695261 | PHASE2 | RECRUITING | Evaluating the Safety and Efficacy of Oral Encapsulated Microbiota Transplantation Therapy in Peanut Allergic Patients |
| NCT06467994 | PHASE2 | RECRUITING | Boiled Tree Nut for Oral Immunotherapy in Food-allergic Children |
| NCT06943534 | PHASE2 | RECRUITING | Omalizumab Weight-Based Dosing Efficacy Trial |
| NCT00247156 | PHASE1/PHASE2 | COMPLETED | An Autism Study Using Nambudripad’s Food Allergy Elimination Treatments |
| NCT00329784 | PHASE2 | COMPLETED | Promoting Tolerance to Peanut in High-Risk Children |
| NCT00602160 | PHASE2 | UNKNOWN | Therapeutic Effect of Chinese Herbal Medicine on Food Allergy |
| NCT00949078 | PHASE2 | COMPLETED | Omalizumab in the Treatment of Peanut Allergy |
| NCT01366846 | PHASE2 | COMPLETED | Persistence of Oral Tolerance to Peanut |
| NCT01373242 | PHASE1/PHASE2 | COMPLETED | Sublingual Immunotherapy for Peanut Allergy and Induction of Tolerance |
| NCT01781637 | PHASE1/PHASE2 | COMPLETED | Peanut Reactivity Reduced by Oral Tolerance in an Anti-IgE Clinical Trial |
| NCT01846208 | PHASE2 | COMPLETED | Baked Egg or Egg Oral Immunotherapy for Children With Egg Allergy |
| NCT02223182 | PHASE1/PHASE2 | COMPLETED | Efficacy and Safety of Viaskin Milk in Children With IgE-Mediated Cow’s Milk Allergy |
| NCT02304991 | PHASE2 | COMPLETED | FARE Peanut SLIT and Early Tolerance Induction |
| NCT02626611 | PHASE2 | COMPLETED | Multi Immunotherapy to Test Tolerance and Xolair |
| NCT02643862 | PHASE1/PHASE2 | COMPLETED | Study Using Xolair in Rush Multi Oral Immunotherapy in Multi Food Allergic Patients |
| NCT02879006 | PHASE2 | UNKNOWN | E-B-FAHF-2, Multi OIT and Xolair (Omalizumab) for Food Allergy |
| NCT03149315 | PHASE2 | COMPLETED | Inhibition of Anaphylaxis by Ibrutinib |
| NCT03181009 | PHASE2 | COMPLETED | Multi OIT to Test Immune Markers After Minimum Maintenance Dose |
| NCT03679676 | PHASE2 | COMPLETED | Clinical Study Using Biologics to Improve Multi OIT Outcomes (COMBINE) |
| NCT03799328 | PHASE2 | COMPLETED | Low Dose Multi-OIT for Food Allergy (LoMo) |
| NCT03907397 | PHASE2 | COMPLETED | Immune Basis and Clinical Implications of Threshold-based Phenotypes of Peanut Allergy |
| NCT04761835 | PHASE2 | WITHDRAWN | STEP-IT-UP - Peanut Allergy Study for Infants |
| NCT04856865 | PHASE1/PHASE2 | COMPLETED | ADP101 for Oral Immunotherapy in Food-Allergic Children and Adults |
| NCT04974970 | PHASE1/PHASE2 | TERMINATED | Pilot Study on Immunotherapy for the Treatment of Persistant Peanut Allergy |
| NCT05038904 | PHASE2 | COMPLETED | Preventing Anaphylaxis With Acalabrutinib |
| NCT05243719 | PHASE1/PHASE2 | TERMINATED | Open-label Extension Study of ADP101 |
| NCT06103656 | PHASE2 | COMPLETED | E-B-FAHF-2, Multi OIT and Xolair for Food Allergy |
| NCT06369467 | PHASE1 | RECRUITING | Short-Term Linvoseltamab Treatment on Top of Chronic Dupilumab Treatment for Adults With Severe Immunoglobulin E (IgE)-Mediated Food Allergy |
| NCT01070498 | PHASE1 | COMPLETED | Trichuris Suis Ova in Peanut and Tree Nut Allergy |
| NCT01164293 | PHASE1 | COMPLETED | Atopy Patch Test in Children With Food Allergy-related Gastrointestinal Symptoms |
| NCT02286999 | PHASE1 | WITHDRAWN | Probiotic Supplementation in Breastfed Newborn Infants |
| NCT03463135 | PHASE1 | COMPLETED | A Study to Assess Primarily the Tolerability and Safety of SAR439794 After Repeated Sublingual Daily Administration in Peanut Allergic Adult and Adolescent Patients |
Drugs tested across these trials (top 30)
| Molecule | Max phase | Trials referencing |
|---|---|---|
| OMALIZUMAB | 4 | 4 |
| MONTELUKAST | 4 | 3 |
| ABROCITINIB | 4 | 1 |
| ACALABRUTINIB | 4 | 1 |
| CHOLECALCIFEROL | 4 | 1 |
| DEFATTED POWDER OF ARACHIS HYPOGAEA L., SEMEN (PEANUTS) | 4 | 1 |
| ERGOCALCIFEROL | 4 | 1 |
| ESOMEPRAZOLE | 4 | 1 |
| OMEPRAZOLE | 4 | 1 |
| LIGELIZUMAB | 3 | 1 |
| LINVOSELTAMAB | 3 | 1 |
| CHEMBL5205127 | 0 | 1 |
| CHEMBL4747506 | 0 | 1 |
| CHEMBL5187554 | 0 | 1 |
| CHEMBL5276925 | 0 | 1 |
| 17 | 0 | 1 |