Gastroenteritis

Summary

Gastroenteritis (MONDO:0002269) is a disease (an umbrella term covering 9 Mondo subtypes) with 23 GWAS associations across 40 studies and 142 clinical trials. Top therapeutic interventions include ondansetron, metamizole, and zinc sulfate. A subtype of intestinal disorder — broader associated-gene and molecular evidence is on the parent page (see Disease family below).

At a glance

• Umbrella term: 9 Mondo subtypes
• GWAS associations: 23
• Clinical trials: 142

Clinical features

No curated clinical features (Orphanet) for this disease.

Identifiers

Disease identifiers

Field	Value
Canonical name	gastroenteritis
Mondo ID	MONDO:0002269
EFO	EFO:1001463
MeSH	D005759
DOID	DOID:2326
NCIT	C34632
SNOMED CT	25374005
UMLS	C0017160
MedGen	8967
Is cancer (heuristic)	no

Also known as: infectious colitis, enteritis and gastroenteritis · inflammation of intestine · intestine inflammation

Data availability: 23 GWAS associations (40 studies).

Disease family

This is a subtype of intestinal disorder. Genetic, therapeutic, and trial evidence is largely curated at the broader-term level — see the parent page for the associated-gene cohort and molecular evidence.

Classification path: disease › human disease › disease by body system or component › digestive system disorder › intestinal disorder › gastroenteritis

Related subtypes (57): intestinal atresia, steatorrhea, angiodysplasia of intestine, endometriosis of intestine, hypertrophic pyloric stenosis, mucocele of appendix, diverticulitis, intestinal obstruction, postgastrectomy syndrome, chronic intestinal vascular insufficiency, bowel dysfunction, irritable bowel syndrome, Whipple disease, inflammatory bowel disease, intestinal polyp, necrotizing enterocolitis, intestinal perforation, neurogenic bowel, pneumatosis cystoides intestinalis, volvulus of midgut, abetalipoproteinemia, aplasia cutis congenita-intestinal lymphangiectasia syndrome, trichohepatoenteric syndrome, protein-losing enteropathy, chronic diarrhea with villous atrophy, Satoyoshi syndrome, glucose-galactose malabsorption, congenital diarrhea 7 with exudative enteropathy, chronic atrial and intestinal dysrhythmia, congenital enterocyte heparan sulfate deficiency, short bowel syndrome, intractable diarrhea-choanal atresia-eye anomalies syndrome, solitary rectal ulcer syndrome, NK-cell enteropathy, chronic intestinal failure, intestinal lymphangiectasia, refractory celiac disease, eosinophilic gastrointestinal disease, cryptogenic multifocal ulcerous stenosing enteritis, chronic enteropathy associated with SLCO2A1 gene, cytosolic phospholipase-A2 alpha deficiency associated bleeding disorder, malakoplakia, malabsorption syndrome, ischemic bowel disorder, intestinal neoplasm, intestinal motility disease, 4-hydroxyphenylacetic aciduria, parasitic intestinal disorder, Aeromonas hydrophila intestinal disease, large intestine disorder, small intestine disorder, primary desmosis coli, isolated mesenteric vein thrombosis, collagenous sprue, visceral leiomyopathy, African degenerative, intestinal dysmotility syndrome, intestinal fistula

Subtypes (9): inflammatory diarrhea, intestinal infectious disease, intestinal tuberculosis, colitis, appendicitis, campylobacteriosis, Salmonella gastroenteritis, eosinophilic gastroenteritis, enteritis

Genetics & variants

GWAS landscape

23 GWAS associations across 40 studies. Top hits map to 6 distinct genes (as reported by GWAS).

Top associations by p-value

rsID	p-value	Gene	Risk allele	Odds ratio
chr6:32333650	1e-34		T	0.35
rs115378818	6e-15	TSBP1, TSBP1-AS1	?	2.43
rs144717024	3e-12	TSBP1-AS1 - HLA-DRA	C	0.28
rs115809651	8e-10	FSTL5	A	3.52
chr1:67252804	1e-09		CA	0.1
rs143977447	2e-09	LINC03000 - LINC01938	A	2.38
rs547484470	4e-09	RNU6-229P - Y_RNA	A	3.71
rs116879283	1e-08	RN7SL292P - SGO1P2	C	2.96
chr9:12407328	1e-08		A	2.4
chr11:2769510	1e-08		G	1.45
chr1:151828978	2e-08		C	0.05
chr11:65673463	2e-08		C	2.04
chr18:12870288	2e-08		T	0.07
chr5:163057492	2e-08		C	0.7
rs138491114	3e-08	TBC1D22A	A	1.99
chr12:96546828	3e-08		CAA	1.24
chr19:52097124	3e-08		T	0.88
chr20:58048513	3e-08		T	1.93
rs772878892	5e-08	SYNAGE - C16orf78	G	3.6
chr8:69037583	5e-08		A	2.28
chr10:99523211	5e-08		C	0.04
chr5:131655942	5e-08		CA	1.61
rs6738711	5e-07	LINC01115, LINC01115	?

Top studies (by case count)

Study	Lead author	Year	Cases	Controls	Title
GCST90473820	UK Biobank Whole-Genome Sequencing Consortium	2025	33,403	425,037	Whole-genome sequencing of 490,640 UK Biobank participants.
GCST90667798	UK Biobank Whole-Genome Sequencing Consortium	2025	33,403	425,037	Whole-genome sequencing of 490,640 UK Biobank participants.
GCST90473016	UK Biobank Whole-Genome Sequencing Consortium	2025	24,873	433,567	Whole-genome sequencing of 490,640 UK Biobank participants.
GCST90667880	UK Biobank Whole-Genome Sequencing Consortium	2025	24,873	433,567	Whole-genome sequencing of 490,640 UK Biobank participants.
GCST90080237	Backman JD	2021	19,104	362,399	Exome sequencing and analysis of 454,787 UK Biobank participants.
GCST90084223	Backman JD	2021	19,104	362,399	Exome sequencing and analysis of 454,787 UK Biobank participants.
GCST90080236	Backman JD	2021	17,883	365,747	Exome sequencing and analysis of 454,787 UK Biobank participants.
GCST90084222	Backman JD	2021	17,883	365,747	Exome sequencing and analysis of 454,787 UK Biobank participants.
GCST90691975	Karczewski KJ	2025	17,088	330,270	Pan-UK Biobank genome-wide association analyses enhance discovery and resolution of ancestry-enriched effects.
GCST90436343	Zhou W	2018	15,747	334,783	Efficiently controlling for case-control imbalance and sample relatedness in large-scale genetic association studies.

Variant details and genetic-evidence tiers

Tier distribution (top 50 variants)

Tier	Variants
Tier 1: coding	0
Tier 2: splice/UTR	0
Tier 3: regulatory	0
Tier 4: intronic/intergenic	23

MAF distribution

Bucket	Variants
common (>=0.05)	2
low_freq (0.01-0.05)	1
rare (<0.01)	4
unknown	16

Functional consequences

Consequence	Count
unknown	14
intron_variant	5
intergenic_variant	3
synonymous_variant	1

Top variants

rsID	Chr	Pos	Alleles	MAF	Consequence	Gene	p-value	Tier
chr6:32333650							1e-34	Tier 4: intronic/intergenic
rs115378818	6	32333650	C>T		intron_variant	TSBP1, TSBP1-AS1	6e-15	Tier 4: intronic/intergenic
rs144717024	6	32429885	C>A	0.016	intron_variant	TSBP1-AS1 - HLA-DRA	3e-12	Tier 4: intronic/intergenic
rs115809651	4	161493471	G>A	0.05	intron_variant	FSTL5	8e-10	Tier 4: intronic/intergenic
chr1:67252804							1e-09	Tier 4: intronic/intergenic
rs143977447	5	165219146	C>A,T	0.005	intergenic_variant	LINC03000 - LINC01938	2e-09	Tier 4: intronic/intergenic
rs547484470	7	69466310	C>A,T	0.001	intergenic_variant	RNU6-229P - Y_RNA	4e-09	Tier 4: intronic/intergenic
rs116879283	7	52366447	T>C	0.006	intergenic_variant	RN7SL292P - SGO1P2	1e-08	Tier 4: intronic/intergenic
chr9:12407328							1e-08	Tier 4: intronic/intergenic
chr11:2769510							1e-08	Tier 4: intronic/intergenic
chr1:151828978							2e-08	Tier 4: intronic/intergenic
chr11:65673463							2e-08	Tier 4: intronic/intergenic
chr18:12870288							2e-08	Tier 4: intronic/intergenic
chr5:163057492							2e-08	Tier 4: intronic/intergenic
rs138491114	22	47037084	G>A	0.002	synonymous_variant	TBC1D22A	3e-08	Tier 4: intronic/intergenic
chr12:96546828							3e-08	Tier 4: intronic/intergenic
chr19:52097124							3e-08	Tier 4: intronic/intergenic
chr20:58048513							3e-08	Tier 4: intronic/intergenic
rs772878892	16	49370504	A>G		intron_variant	SYNAGE - C16orf78	5e-08	Tier 4: intronic/intergenic
chr8:69037583							5e-08	Tier 4: intronic/intergenic
chr10:99523211							5e-08	Tier 4: intronic/intergenic
chr5:131655942							5e-08	Tier 4: intronic/intergenic
rs6738711	2	786497	T>C	0.05	intron_variant	LINC01115, LINC01115	5e-07	Tier 4: intronic/intergenic

Genes & proteins

No associated-gene cohort resolved for this disease. Atlas builds the molecular and therapeutic sections — associated genes, protein families, druggability, pathways, interactions, and drug associations — by aggregating over a disease’s associated genes (resolved via GWAS / GenCC / ClinVar / CIViC), and none resolved here. This is expected for antibody-mediated, autoimmune, or otherwise non-gene-defined conditions; the curated evidence for this disease is its clinical features, GWAS susceptibility, and clinical trials (above).

Function

No pathway enrichment — requires an associated-gene cohort.

Therapeutics

Drugs indicated for this disease

0 approved, 7 in late-stage (phase 3) trials. Disease-direct ChEMBL indications, not inferred from the associated-gene cohort below.

Drug	Development status
Domperidone	Phase 3 (in late-stage trials)
Metoclopramide	Phase 3 (in late-stage trials)
Ondansetron	Phase 3 (in late-stage trials)
Papaverine	Phase 3 (in late-stage trials)
Poliovirus Vaccine Inactivated	Phase 3 (in late-stage trials)
Prulifloxacin	Phase 3 (in late-stage trials)
Tannic Acid	Phase 3 (in late-stage trials)

Earlier-phase candidates (phase 2, investigational — efficacy not yet established): Microcrystalline Cellulose, Nitazoxanide, Omalizumab.

Clinical trials & evidence

Clinical trials

Clinical trials: 142.

Phase distribution (across all retrieved trials)

Phase	Trials
Not specified	82
PHASE3	24
PHASE4	17
PHASE2/PHASE3	6
PHASE2	5
PHASE1	4
PHASE1/PHASE2	3
EARLY_PHASE1	1

Top trials by phase / activity

NCT	Phase	Status	Title
NCT07285785	PHASE4	RECRUITING	Rifaximin 200 mg Plus Oral Rehydration vs Oral Rehydration Alone in Children With Acute Diarrhea
NCT00124787	PHASE4	COMPLETED	A Trial Comparing the Effect of Oral Dimenhydrinate Versus Placebo in Children With Gastroenteritis
NCT00392145	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Emergency Department Rapid Intravenous Rehydration (RIVR) for Pediatric Gastroenteritis
NCT01165866	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Ondansetron Versus Metoclopramide in Treatment of Vomiting in Gastroenteritis
NCT01234883	PHASE4	TERMINATED	Intravenous (IV) Solutions for Dehydration in Children With Gastroenteritis
NCT01398696	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Impact of Four Patient Information Leaflets (PIL) on Patient Behaviour
NCT01480947	PHASE4	COMPLETED	The Treatment Effect of Bio-Three on Children With Enteritis
NCT01564290	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Use of Probiotic Yogurt in the Treatment of Acute Diarrhea in Children
NCT01571856	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Efficacy of Use of Zinc in the Treatment of Acute Diarrhea in Infants
NCT01577043	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Efficacy of Racecadotril in Acute Watery Diarrhea in Children
NCT01870635	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Ondansetron Administration to WELL Children With Gastroenteritis Associated Vomiting in EDs in Pakistan
NCT01870648	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Ondansetron Administration to Children With Gastroenteritis, Vomiting and SOME Dehydration in EDs in Pakistan
NCT01960725	PHASE4	COMPLETED	An Alternate Dosing Schedule for Pentavalent Rotavirus Vaccine (RotaTeq)
NCT02025452	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Novel Diagnostics and Probiotics to Improve Management of Paediatric Acute Gastroenteritis
NCT02169817	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Evaluation Of Bacillus Clausii In Treatment Of Acute Diarrhea In Latin American Children
NCT03539913	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Efficacy and Safety of Probiotics in the Treatment of Acute Gastroenteritis in Children
NCT04682860	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Management of Abdominal Pain in Acute Gastroenteritis Patients With Hyoscine Butylbromide
NCT05876585	PHASE3	NOT_YET_RECRUITING	Clinical Trial to Investigate the Efficacy and Safety of Ondansetron (Danset - Adwia) Versus Placebo Plus the Standard of Care in the Treatment of Nausea and Vomiting in Adult Patients With Acute Gastroenteritis
NCT06592794	PHASE3	ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING	A Study to Investigate the Safety and Efficacy of mRNA-1403 in Participants ≥18 Years of Age for the Prevention of Acute Gastroenteritis
NCT00130832	PHASE3	COMPLETED	Concomitant Use and Staggered Use of Vaccine and Oral Poliovirus (OPV) in Healthy Infants (V260-014)(COMPLETED)
NCT00231218	PHASE3	COMPLETED	Echinacea, Propolis and Vitamin C for URI Prevention in Preschoolers
NCT00311831	PHASE3	COMPLETED	The Implementation of a Gastroenteritis Education Program
NCT00457353	PHASE3	COMPLETED	ENterogermina® (Bacillus Clausii) In the manaGeMent of diarrheA in Children
NCT00457873	PHASE3	COMPLETED	Isotonic Versus Hypotonic Fluid for Maintenance IV Therapy
NCT00496054	PHASE3	COMPLETED	Safety,Tolerability and Immunogenicity of Vaccination With Rotateq in Healthy Infants in India (V260-021)
NCT00689312	PHASE3	COMPLETED	Palatability of Oral Rehydration Solutions
NCT00718237	PHASE3	COMPLETED	Phase III Placebo-controlled Study of V260 (RotaTeq™) in Japanese Healthy Infants (V260-029)(COMPLETED)
NCT01046656	PHASE3	COMPLETED	L Reuteri for the Prevention of Nosocomial Diarrhea
NCT01257672	PHASE3	COMPLETED	Symptomatic Treatment of Acute Gastroenteritis
NCT01295918	PHASE3	COMPLETED	Probiotic Lactobacillus Reuteri to Prevent Antibiotic-associated Diarrhea and Clostridium Difficile-related Infections in Hospitalized Children
NCT01737086	PHASE2/PHASE3	TERMINATED	Comparing the Efficacy of Two Oral Rehydration Solutions, With or Without the Probiotic Lactobacillus Reuteri DSM 17938 and Zinc, on the Duration and Severity of Acute Gastroenteritis in 6 - 36 Months Old Children in Out-patient Care
NCT01773967	PHASE2/PHASE3	COMPLETED	Impact of Emergency Department Probiotic (LGG) Treatment of Pediatric Gastroenteritis
NCT01853124	PHASE3	COMPLETED	Emergency Department Probiotic Treatment of Pediatric Gastroenteritis
NCT02028910	PHASE3	TERMINATED	Efficacy of Ondansetron on Vomiting Due to Acute Gastroenteritis in Pediatric During Winter
NCT02165813	PHASE2/PHASE3	TERMINATED	Oral Nitazoxanide in Acute Gastroenteritis in Australian Indigenous Children
NCT02246439	PHASE3	COMPLETED	BEKINDA (Ondansetron 24 mg Bimodal Release Tablets) for Vomiting Due to Presumed Acute Gastroenteritis or Gastritis
NCT02619201	PHASE3	UNKNOWN	Antiemetic Efficacy of Ondansetron Versus Metoclopramide
NCT02644200	PHASE3	COMPLETED	Gelatin Tannate as Treatment for Acute Childhood Gastroenteritis
NCT02699385	PHASE3	TERMINATED	A Study to Evaluate the Safety and Efficacy of Domperidone in Pediatric Participants With Nausea and Vomiting Due to Acute Gastroenteritis
NCT02711241	PHASE3	TERMINATED	Optimal Analgesia in Acute Gastroenteritis

Drugs tested across these trials (top 30)

Molecule	Max phase	Trials referencing
ONDANSETRON	4	9
METAMIZOLE	4	4
ZINC SULFATE	4	3
DOMPERIDONE	4	2
SODIUM CHLORIDE	4	2
ASCORBIC ACID	4	1
DIMENHYDRINATE	4	1
MANNITOL	4	1
METOCLOPRAMIDE	4	1
NITAZOXANIDE	4	1
OMALIZUMAB	4	1
RACECADOTRIL	4	1
SORBITOL	4	1
GELATIN	3	2
PAPAVERINE	3	1
POWDERED CELLULOSE	3	1
TYPHOID VI POLYSACCHARIDE VACCINE	3	1
ECADOTRIL	2	1