glycogen storage disease due to glucose-6-phosphatase deficiency type IA
diseaseOn this page
Also known as G6P deficiency type 1aG6PC glycogen storage diseaseglucose-6-phosphatase deficiency glycogen storage diseaseglycogen storage disease 1Aglycogen storage disease caused by mutation in G6PCglycogen storage disease due to G6P deficiency type Iaglycogen storage disease Iaglycogen storage disease type 1aglycogen storage disease type Iaglycogenosis due to glucose-6-phosphatase deficiency type 1aglycogenosis due to glucose-6-phosphatase deficiency type Iaglycogenosis type IaGSD due to G6P deficiency type 1aGSD due to G6P deficiency type IaGSD type 1aGSD1GSD1AGSDIa
Summary
glycogen storage disease due to glucose-6-phosphatase deficiency type IA (MONDO:0009287) is a disease caused by G6PC1 (GenCC Definitive), with 5 cohort genes and 12 clinical trials. Top therapeutic interventions include lactic acid, prednisolone, and d-lactic acid.
At a glance
- Prevalence: 1-9 / 100 000 (Europe) [Orphanet-validated]
- Causal gene: G6PC1 (GenCC Definitive)
- Cohort genes: 5
- ClinVar variants: 587
- Clinical trials: 12
Clinical features
Epidemiology
Prevalence records
3 prevalence record(s), Orphanet:
| Type | Class | Value | Geography | Validation |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Prevalence at birth | 1-9 / 100 000 | 1 | Europe | Validated |
| Prevalence at birth | 1-9 / 100 000 | 1.7 | Italy | Validated |
| Prevalence at birth | 1-9 / 100 000 | 1.5 | Israel | Validated |
Identifiers
Disease identifiers
| Field | Value |
|---|---|
| Canonical name | glycogen storage disease due to glucose-6-phosphatase deficiency type IA |
| Mondo ID | MONDO:0009287 |
| MeSH | C538655 |
| OMIM | 232200 |
| Orphanet | 79258 |
| DOID | DOID:2749 |
| SNOMED CT | 444707001 |
| UMLS | C2919796 |
| MedGen | 415885 |
| GARD | 0007864 |
| Is cancer (heuristic) | no |
Also known as: G6P deficiency type 1a · G6PC glycogen storage disease · glucose-6-phosphatase deficiency glycogen storage disease · glycogen storage disease 1A · glycogen storage disease caused by mutation in G6PC · glycogen storage disease due to G6P deficiency type Ia · glycogen storage disease Ia · glycogen storage disease type 1a · glycogen storage disease type Ia · glycogenosis due to glucose-6-phosphatase deficiency type 1a · glycogenosis due to glucose-6-phosphatase deficiency type Ia · glycogenosis type Ia · GSD due to G6P deficiency type 1a · GSD due to G6P deficiency type Ia · GSD type 1a · GSD1 · GSD1A · GSDIa
Data availability: 587 ClinVar variants · 4 GenCC gene-disease records · 16 cell lines.
Disease family
Classification path: disease › human disease › disease by etiologic mechanism › disease of genetic or genomic mechanism › hereditary disease › inborn errors of metabolism › inborn carbohydrate metabolic disorder › disorder of glycogen metabolism › glycogen storage disease I › glycogen storage disease due to glucose-6-phosphatase deficiency type IA
Related subtypes (2): glycogen storage disease type 1 due to SLC37A4 mutation, glycogen storage disease Id
Genetics & variants
GWAS landscape
No GWAS associations recorded — common-variant (GWAS) studies don’t cover this disease (typical for Mendelian / rare diseases). See the curated gene cohort and Mendelian overlap below.
Variant details and genetic-evidence tiers
ClinVar germline variants
587 retrieved; paginated sample, class counts are floors:
211 likely benign, 140 uncertain significance, 88 pathogenic, 60 likely pathogenic, 32 conflicting classifications of pathogenicity, 31 pathogenic/likely pathogenic, 17 benign, 7 benign/likely benign, 1 not provided
| ClinVar | Variant (HGVS) | Gene | Classification | Review |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 557173 | NM_054012.4(ASS1):c.808G>C (p.Glu270Gln) | ASS1 | Pathogenic/Likely pathogenic | criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts |
| 1030625 | NM_000151.4(G6PC1):c.59A>G (p.Gln20Arg) | G6PC1 | Pathogenic/Likely pathogenic | criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts |
| 1071784 | NM_000151.4(G6PC1):c.160_224dup (p.Phe75_Lys76insArgLysLeuTrpAlaLeuAsnSerPheGlyTer) | G6PC1 | Pathogenic | criteria provided, single submitter |
| 1072073 | NC_000017.10:g.(?41055938)(41063453_?)del | G6PC1 | Pathogenic | criteria provided, single submitter |
| 1073829 | NC_000017.10:g.(?41059530)(41059655_?)del | G6PC1 | Pathogenic | criteria provided, single submitter |
| 1074029 | NM_000151.4(G6PC1):c.708G>A (p.Trp236Ter) | G6PC1 | Pathogenic | criteria provided, single submitter |
| 1076177 | NM_000151.4(G6PC1):c.324del (p.Cys109fs) | G6PC1 | Pathogenic | criteria provided, single submitter |
| 1076798 | NM_000151.4(G6PC1):c.365G>A (p.Gly122Asp) | G6PC1 | Pathogenic/Likely pathogenic | criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts |
| 11997 | NM_000151.4(G6PC1):c.379_380dup (p.Tyr128fs) | G6PC1 | Pathogenic | criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts |
| 11998 | NM_000151.4(G6PC1):c.247C>T (p.Arg83Cys) | G6PC1 | Pathogenic | criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts |
| 11999 | NM_000151.4(G6PC1):c.883C>T (p.Arg295Cys) | G6PC1 | Pathogenic/Likely pathogenic | criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts |
| 12000 | NM_000151.4(G6PC1):c.1039C>T (p.Gln347Ter) | G6PC1 | Pathogenic | criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts |
| 12001 | NM_000151.4(G6PC1):c.229T>C (p.Trp77Arg) | G6PC1 | Pathogenic | criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts |
| 12002 | NM_000151.4(G6PC1):c.230+4A>G | G6PC1 | Pathogenic | no assertion criteria provided |
| 12003 | NM_000151.4(G6PC1):c.648G>T (p.Leu216=) | G6PC1 | Pathogenic/Likely pathogenic | criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts |
| 12004 | NM_000151.4(G6PC1):c.113A>T (p.Asp38Val) | G6PC1 | Pathogenic | criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts |
| 12005 | NM_000151.4(G6PC1):c.328G>A (p.Glu110Lys) | G6PC1 | Pathogenic/Likely pathogenic | criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts |
| 12006 | NM_000151.4(G6PC1):c.370G>A (p.Ala124Thr) | G6PC1 | Pathogenic/Likely pathogenic | criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts |
| 12008 | NM_000151.4(G6PC1):c.562G>C (p.Gly188Arg) | G6PC1 | Pathogenic | criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts |
| 12009 | NM_000151.4(G6PC1):c.1022T>A (p.Ile341Asn) | G6PC1 | Pathogenic | criteria provided, single submitter |
| 12010 | NM_000151.4(G6PC1):c.497T>G (p.Val166Gly) | G6PC1 | Pathogenic | criteria provided, single submitter |
| 1328936 | NM_000151.4(G6PC1):c.592_593del (p.Ile198fs) | G6PC1 | Pathogenic | criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts |
| 1334156 | NM_000151.4(G6PC1):c.764C>T (p.Thr255Ile) | G6PC1 | Pathogenic/Likely pathogenic | criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts |
| 1682476 | NM_000151.4(G6PC1):c.54C>A (p.Tyr18Ter) | G6PC1 | Pathogenic/Likely pathogenic | criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts |
| 1682484 | NM_000151.4(G6PC1):c.202G>A (p.Gly68Arg) | G6PC1 | Pathogenic/Likely pathogenic | criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts |
| 1682491 | NM_000151.4(G6PC1):c.302del (p.Leu101fs) | G6PC1 | Pathogenic | criteria provided, single submitter |
| 1682496 | NM_000151.4(G6PC1):c.352G>A (p.Gly118Ser) | G6PC1 | Pathogenic | criteria provided, single submitter |
| 1682502 | NM_000151.4(G6PC1):c.403_404del (p.Leu135fs) | G6PC1 | Pathogenic | criteria provided, single submitter |
| 1682506 | NM_000151.4(G6PC1):c.450del (p.Cys150_Leu151insTer) | G6PC1 | Pathogenic | criteria provided, single submitter |
| 1682510 | NM_000151.4(G6PC1):c.503_506dup (p.Arg170fs) | G6PC1 | Pathogenic | criteria provided, single submitter |
Genes & proteins
Mendelian disease overlap and somatic drivers
GenCC: 4 · Orphanet: 7 · OMIM-shared: 0 · Dual-evidence (GWAS+Mendelian): 0
GenCC gene–disease validity (cohort genes)
the Disease column is the GenCC-asserted condition — a cohort gene’s strongest validity may be for a related predisposition syndrome.
| Gene | Classification | Inheritance | Disease | Records |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| G6PC1 | Definitive | Autosomal recessive | glycogen storage disease due to glucose-6-phosphatase deficiency type IA | 4 |
Orphanet rare-disease linkage (cohort genes)
| Gene | Orphanet ID | Rare disease |
|---|---|---|
| G6PC1 | Orphanet:79258 | Glycogen storage disease due to glucose-6-phosphatase deficiency type Ia |
| MMAB | Orphanet:79311 | Vitamin B12-responsive methylmalonic acidemia type cblB |
| SLC37A4 | Orphanet:79259 | Glycogen storage disease due to glucose-6-phosphatase deficiency type Ib |
| GAA | Orphanet:308552 | Glycogen storage disease due to acid maltase deficiency, infantile onset |
| GAA | Orphanet:420429 | Glycogen storage disease due to acid maltase deficiency, late-onset |
| ASS1 | Orphanet:247546 | Acute neonatal citrullinemia type I |
| ASS1 | Orphanet:247573 | Late-onset citrullinemia type I |
Cohort genes → proteins
5 cohort genes, 5 distinct canonical proteins.
Evidence partition
| Subset | Genes |
|---|---|
| multi_evidence | 5 |
Cohort genes (full)
| Symbol | HGNC | Ensembl | UniProt | Name | Evidence |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| G6PC1 | HGNC:4056 | ENSG00000131482 | P35575 | Glucose-6-phosphatase catalytic subunit 1 | gencc,clinvar |
| MMAB | HGNC:19331 | ENSG00000139428 | Q96EY8 | Corrinoid adenosyltransferase MMAB | clinvar |
| SLC37A4 | HGNC:4061 | ENSG00000137700 | O43826 | Glucose-6-phosphate exchanger SLC37A4 | clinvar |
| GAA | HGNC:4065 | ENSG00000171298 | P10253 | Lysosomal alpha-glucosidase | clinvar |
| ASS1 | HGNC:758 | ENSG00000130707 | P00966 | Argininosuccinate synthase | clinvar |
Cohort function summary
Lead sentence per gene, UniProt-curated.
| Symbol | Protein name | Function (lead sentence) |
|---|---|---|
| G6PC1 | Glucose-6-phosphatase catalytic subunit 1 | Hydrolyzes glucose-6-phosphate to glucose in the endoplasmic reticulum. |
| MMAB | Corrinoid adenosyltransferase MMAB | Converts cob(I)alamin to adenosylcobalamin (adenosylcob(III)alamin), a coenzyme for methylmalonyl-CoA mutase, therefore participates in the final step of the vitamin B12 conversion. |
| SLC37A4 | Glucose-6-phosphate exchanger SLC37A4 | Inorganic phosphate and glucose-6-phosphate antiporter of the endoplasmic reticulum. |
| GAA | Lysosomal alpha-glucosidase | Essential for the degradation of glycogen in lysosomes. |
| ASS1 | Argininosuccinate synthase | One of the enzymes of the urea cycle, the metabolic pathway transforming neurotoxic amonia produced by protein catabolism into inocuous urea in the liver of ureotelic animals. |
Protein-family classification
Druggable: 5 · Difficult: 0 · Unknown: 0 · Druggable fraction: 1.0
Family distribution
Cohort families vs a genome-wide background (hypergeometric, BH-FDR; fold = observed/expected). Counts kept; sorted by enrichment, so the catch-all Other/Unknown bucket no longer leads.
| Family | Genes | Fold | FDR |
|---|---|---|---|
| Enzyme (other) | 3 | 7.2× | 0.015 |
| Phosphatase | 1 | 16.8× | 0.063 |
| Transporter | 1 | 15.6× | 0.063 |
Per-gene assignment
| Symbol | Family | Druggable? | EC | InterPro (top 3) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| G6PC1 | Phosphatase | yes | 3.1.3.9 | PAP2/HPO, Glucose-6-phosphatase, PAP2/HPO_sf |
| MMAB | Enzyme (other) | yes | 2.5.1.17 | CblAdoTrfase-like, PduO-typ, CblAdoTrfase-like_sf |
| SLC37A4 | Transporter | yes | Sugar_P_transporter, MFS, MFS_dom | |
| GAA | Enzyme (other) | yes | 3.2.1.20 | Glyco_hydro_31_TIM, P_trefoil_dom, Gal_mutarotase_sf_dom |
| ASS1 | Enzyme (other) | yes | 6.3.4.5 | Arginosuc_synth, Rossmann-like_a/b/a_fold, Arginosuc_synth_CS |
Expression context
Cohort genes with no expression data: 0.
5 cohort genes are a single-cell marker in ≥1 SCXA experiment.
Breadth distribution (Bgee present_calls)
| Bucket | Genes |
|---|---|
| narrow (1-5 tissues) | 0 |
| moderate (6-20) | 0 |
| broad (>20) | 5 |
| unknown | 0 |
Top tissues across cohort
| Tissue | Cohort genes |
|---|---|
| right lobe of liver | 4 |
| liver | 3 |
| nephron tubule | 1 |
| right adrenal gland | 1 |
| right adrenal gland cortex | 1 |
| duodenum | 1 |
| granulocyte | 1 |
| left testis | 1 |
| right testis | 1 |
| palpebral conjunctiva | 1 |
Per-gene tissue summary (top 30)
| Symbol | Bgee breadth | FANTOM5 breadth | SCXA | Top tissues |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| G6PC1 | 66 | tissue_specific | marker | right lobe of liver, liver, nephron tubule |
| MMAB | 235 | ubiquitous | marker | right lobe of liver, right adrenal gland cortex, right adrenal gland |
| SLC37A4 | 134 | ubiquitous | marker | right lobe of liver, liver, duodenum |
| GAA | 261 | ubiquitous | marker | granulocyte, left testis, right testis |
| ASS1 | 292 | ubiquitous | marker | right lobe of liver, palpebral conjunctiva, liver |
Protein interactions among cohort
Intra-cohort edges: 1.
Hub genes (top 10 by interactor count)
| Symbol | Interactor count |
|---|---|
| ASS1 | 3,101 |
| G6PC1 | 2,193 |
| GAA | 2,116 |
| SLC37A4 | 1,242 |
| MMAB | 1,121 |
Intra-cohort edges
| A | B | Sources |
|---|---|---|
| G6PC1 | SLC37A4 | string_interaction |
Structural data
PDB: 5 · AlphaFold-only: 0 · No structure: 0
Cohort genes with PDB structures (top 30)
| Symbol | UniProt | PDB entries |
|---|---|---|
| SLC37A4 | O43826 | 25 |
| GAA | P10253 | 19 |
| G6PC1 | P35575 | 6 |
| MMAB | Q96EY8 | 6 |
| ASS1 | P00966 | 1 |
Function
Pathway analysis
Distinct Reactome pathways touched by cohort: 26. Enrichment computed across 5 evidence-associated genes (4 with Reactome annotation).
Pathways by enrichment
Over-representation of cohort genes vs the genome-wide background (hypergeometric test, Benjamini-Hochberg FDR; fold = observed/expected over 4 annotated cohort genes). Counts and members are kept as ground-truth; sorted by enrichment.
| Pathway | Cohort genes | Fold | FDR | Sample cohort genes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Glycogen storage disease type Ia (G6PC) | 1 | 2855.0× | 0.004 | G6PC1 |
| Glycogen storage diseases | 1 | 1427.5× | 0.004 | GAA |
| Defective MMAB causes MMA, cblB type | 1 | 1427.5× | 0.004 | MMAB |
| Glycogen storage disease type II (GAA) | 1 | 1427.5× | 0.004 | GAA |
| ASS1 variants cause citrullinemia | 1 | 1427.5× | 0.004 | ASS1 |
| Diseases of metabolism | 2 | 40.2× | 0.004 | MMAB, GAA |
| Glycogen metabolism | 1 | 475.8× | 0.008 | GAA |
| Metabolism | 3 | 8.7× | 0.008 | MMAB, GAA, ASS1 |
| Cobalamin (Cbl) metabolism | 1 | 317.2× | 0.009 | MMAB |
| Urea cycle | 1 | 219.6× | 0.010 | ASS1 |
| Defects in cobalamin (B12) metabolism | 1 | 203.9× | 0.010 | MMAB |
| Diseases of carbohydrate metabolism | 1 | 203.9× | 0.010 | GAA |
| Glycogen breakdown (glycogenolysis) | 1 | 190.3× | 0.010 | GAA |
| Cobalamin (Cbl, vitamin B12) transport and metabolism | 1 | 158.6× | 0.012 | MMAB |
| Defects in vitamin and cofactor metabolism | 1 | 150.3× | 0.012 | MMAB |
| Gluconeogenesis | 1 | 109.8× | 0.015 | G6PC1 |
| FOXO-mediated transcription of oxidative stress, metabolic and neuronal genes | 1 | 95.2× | 0.016 | G6PC1 |
| Metabolism of water-soluble vitamins and cofactors | 1 | 45.3× | 0.032 | MMAB |
| Interaction of NuRD complexes with transcription factors | 1 | 31.7× | 0.040 | G6PC1 |
| Metabolism of carbohydrates and carbohydrate derivatives | 1 | 30.1× | 0.040 | GAA |
| Metabolism of vitamins and cofactors | 1 | 29.1× | 0.040 | MMAB |
| Disease | 2 | 6.5× | 0.040 | MMAB, GAA |
| Metabolism of amino acids and derivatives | 1 | 16.9× | 0.065 | ASS1 |
| Innate Immune System | 1 | 6.4× | 0.160 | GAA |
| Neutrophil degranulation | 1 | 5.8× | 0.169 | GAA |
| Immune System | 1 | 3.2× | 0.275 | GAA |
GO biological processes by enrichment
Over-representation of cohort genes vs the genome-wide background (hypergeometric test, Benjamini-Hochberg FDR; fold = observed/expected over 5 annotated cohort genes). Counts and members are kept as ground-truth; sorted by enrichment.
| GO term | Cohort genes | Fold | FDR | Sample cohort genes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| glucose-6-phosphate transport | 2 | 1123.5× | 7e-05 | G6PC1, SLC37A4 |
| glycogen catabolic process | 2 | 481.5× | 2e-04 | G6PC1, GAA |
| gluconeogenesis | 2 | 129.6× | 0.002 | G6PC1, SLC37A4 |
| maltose metabolic process | 1 | 3370.4× | 0.002 | GAA |
| obsolete argininosuccinate metabolic process | 1 | 3370.4× | 0.002 | ASS1 |
| sucrose metabolic process | 1 | 3370.4× | 0.002 | GAA |
| obsolete vacuolar sequestering | 1 | 3370.4× | 0.002 | GAA |
| glucose metabolic process | 2 | 102.1× | 0.002 | SLC37A4, GAA |
| obsolete citrulline metabolic process | 1 | 1685.2× | 0.004 | ASS1 |
| glucose homeostasis | 2 | 52.2× | 0.004 | G6PC1, SLC37A4 |
| L-arginine biosynthetic process | 1 | 1123.5× | 0.004 | ASS1 |
| response to mycotoxin | 1 | 1123.5× | 0.004 | ASS1 |
| cellular response to oleic acid | 1 | 1123.5× | 0.004 | ASS1 |
| cellular response to amine stimulus | 1 | 1123.5× | 0.004 | ASS1 |
| diaphragm contraction | 1 | 842.6× | 0.005 | GAA |
| cellular response to ammonium ion | 1 | 674.1× | 0.006 | ASS1 |
| response to resveratrol | 1 | 674.1× | 0.006 | G6PC1 |
| negative regulation of leukocyte cell-cell adhesion | 1 | 561.7× | 0.006 | ASS1 |
| aspartate metabolic process | 1 | 421.3× | 0.007 | ASS1 |
| midgut development | 1 | 421.3× | 0.007 | ASS1 |
| cellular response to laminar fluid shear stress | 1 | 421.3× | 0.007 | ASS1 |
| tissue development | 1 | 374.5× | 0.008 | GAA |
| diaphragm development | 1 | 374.5× | 0.008 | ASS1 |
| response to carbohydrate | 1 | 337.0× | 0.008 | G6PC1 |
| cobalamin metabolic process | 1 | 306.4× | 0.008 | MMAB |
| urate metabolic process | 1 | 306.4× | 0.008 | G6PC1 |
| response to caloric restriction | 1 | 306.4× | 0.008 | G6PC1 |
| glycophagy | 1 | 280.9× | 0.008 | GAA |
| urea cycle | 1 | 259.3× | 0.008 | ASS1 |
| glucose 6-phosphate metabolic process | 1 | 259.3× | 0.008 | G6PC1 |
Therapeutics
Drug target analysis
Approved (phase 4): 1 · Phase ≥3: 1 · Phased (≥1): 1 · Undrugged: 4
Druggability breadth: 4 of 5 evidence-associated genes (80%) have a ChEMBL target (buckets above are over the deeply-mined display cohort).
Genes with an approved drug
The molecule shown is one approved compound that hits the gene — not necessarily a drug of choice or one indicated for this disease.
| Symbol | Example approved molecule |
|---|---|
| GAA | DIENESTROL |
Top cohort targets by molecule count
| Symbol | Molecules | Max phase |
|---|---|---|
| GAA | 112 | 4 |
| G6PC1 | 0 | 0 |
| MMAB | 0 | 0 |
| SLC37A4 | 0 | 0 |
| ASS1 | 0 | 0 |
Drugs targeting cohort genes (top 30)
| Molecule | Max phase | Targets in cohort |
|---|---|---|
| DIENESTROL | 4 | GAA |
| MIGLUSTAT | 4 | GAA |
| DICLOFENAC SODIUM | 4 | GAA |
| DIBUCAINE | 4 | GAA |
| AMLEXANOX | 4 | GAA |
| MIGALASTAT | 4 | GAA |
| ARIPIPRAZOLE | 4 | GAA |
| DULOXETINE | 4 | GAA |
| LABETALOL HYDROCHLORIDE | 4 | GAA |
| MORICIZINE HYDROCHLORIDE | 4 | GAA |
| PHENYLEPHRINE HYDROCHLORIDE | 4 | GAA |
| DEMECLOCYCLINE HYDROCHLORIDE | 4 | GAA |
| DOXAZOSIN MESYLATE | 4 | GAA |
| PRILOCAINE HYDROCHLORIDE | 4 | GAA |
| FLUOROMETHOLONE | 4 | GAA |
| PHENELZINE SULFATE | 4 | GAA |
| RABEPRAZOLE SODIUM | 4 | GAA |
| METHYSERGIDE MALEATE | 4 | GAA |
| ACRISORCIN | 4 | GAA |
| ECONAZOLE NITRATE | 4 | GAA |
| ISOETHARINE MESYLATE | 4 | GAA |
| QUINESTROL | 4 | GAA |
| DEFEROXAMINE MESYLATE | 4 | GAA |
| MAPROTILINE HYDROCHLORIDE | 4 | GAA |
| EPINEPHRINE BITARTRATE | 4 | GAA |
| PROCHLORPERAZINE MALEATE | 4 | GAA |
| IRBESARTAN | 4 | GAA |
| OXYTETRACYCLINE | 4 | GAA |
| DOPAMINE HYDROCHLORIDE | 4 | GAA |
| PRAZOSIN HYDROCHLORIDE | 4 | GAA |
Bioactivity and enzyme data
Enzyme cohort genes (≥1 EC): 4.
Cohort genes with ChEMBL bioactivity (full, sorted by assay count)
| Symbol | Assays | Type breakdown |
|---|---|---|
| GAA | 280 | Binding:267, Functional:13 |
| G6PC1 | 8 | Binding:8 |
| SLC37A4 | 5 | Binding:5 |
| MMAB | 1 | Binding:1 |
| ASS1 | 1 | Binding:1 |
Cohort enzymes (BRENDA EC)
| Symbol | EC numbers | Names |
|---|---|---|
| G6PC1 | 3.1.3.9 | glucose-6-phosphatase |
| MMAB | 2.5.1.17 | corrinoid adenosyltransferase |
| GAA | 3.2.1.20 | alpha-glucosidase |
| ASS1 | 6.3.4.5 | argininosuccinate synthase |
Cohort genes with high screening signal
≥100 ChEMBL assays — a studied-ness signal; see Therapeutics for approved-drug status.
| Symbol | ChEMBL assays |
|---|---|
| GAA | 280 |
Pharmacogenomics
Cohort genes with a PharmGKB record: 5; with CPIC/DPWG dosing guidelines: 0.
No cohort gene has a CPIC/DPWG genotype-guided dosing guideline (PharmGKB).
Chemical tractability of cohort targets
30 approved/phased compounds have measured bioactivity against a cohort gene (and aren’t yet in disease-level trials). This is a research / tractability signal, NOT a therapeutic recommendation — a bioactivity row often reflects off-target or screening binding (e.g. promiscuous kinase inhibitors against a cohort kinase), implying no disease mechanism.
| Compound | Max phase | Cohort target (bioactivity) |
|---|---|---|
| DIENESTROL | 4 | GAA |
| MIGLUSTAT | 4 | GAA |
| DICLOFENAC SODIUM | 4 | GAA |
| DIBUCAINE | 4 | GAA |
| AMLEXANOX | 4 | GAA |
| MIGALASTAT | 4 | GAA |
| ARIPIPRAZOLE | 4 | GAA |
| DULOXETINE | 4 | GAA |
| LABETALOL HYDROCHLORIDE | 4 | GAA |
| MORICIZINE HYDROCHLORIDE | 4 | GAA |
| PHENYLEPHRINE HYDROCHLORIDE | 4 | GAA |
| DEMECLOCYCLINE HYDROCHLORIDE | 4 | GAA |
| DOXAZOSIN MESYLATE | 4 | GAA |
| PRILOCAINE HYDROCHLORIDE | 4 | GAA |
| FLUOROMETHOLONE | 4 | GAA |
| PHENELZINE SULFATE | 4 | GAA |
| RABEPRAZOLE SODIUM | 4 | GAA |
| METHYSERGIDE MALEATE | 4 | GAA |
| ACRISORCIN | 4 | GAA |
| ECONAZOLE NITRATE | 4 | GAA |
| ISOETHARINE MESYLATE | 4 | GAA |
| QUINESTROL | 4 | GAA |
| DEFEROXAMINE MESYLATE | 4 | GAA |
| MAPROTILINE HYDROCHLORIDE | 4 | GAA |
| EPINEPHRINE BITARTRATE | 4 | GAA |
| PROCHLORPERAZINE MALEATE | 4 | GAA |
| IRBESARTAN | 4 | GAA |
| OXYTETRACYCLINE | 4 | GAA |
| DOPAMINE HYDROCHLORIDE | 4 | GAA |
| PRAZOSIN HYDROCHLORIDE | 4 | GAA |
Druggability pyramid
Cohort genes binned by druggability tier (high → low):
| Tier | Definition | Genes | Symbols |
|---|---|---|---|
| A | Approved (phase 4 drug) | 1 | GAA |
| B | Phased (≥1) drug, not yet approved | 0 | |
| C | Druggable family + PDB, no drug | 4 | G6PC1, MMAB, SLC37A4, ASS1 |
| D | Druggable family + AlphaFold only, no drug | 0 | |
| E | Difficult family or no structure, no drug | 0 |
Undrugged target profiles
4 cohort genes are undrugged. Ranked by ‘starting-point quality’ (assay depth + drugged-partner adjacency).
| Symbol | ChEMBL assays | Drugged partners (top 3) |
|---|---|---|
| G6PC1 | 8 | — |
| MMAB | 1 | — |
| SLC37A4 | 5 | — |
| ASS1 | 1 | — |
Clinical trials & evidence
Clinical trials
Clinical trials: 12.
Phase distribution (across all retrieved trials)
| Phase | Trials |
|---|---|
| Not specified | 8 |
| PHASE1/PHASE2 | 3 |
| PHASE3 | 1 |
Top trials by phase / activity
| NCT | Phase | Status | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| NCT05139316 | PHASE3 | COMPLETED | A Study of Adeno-Associated Virus Serotype 8-Mediated Gene Transfer of Glucose-6-Phosphatase in Patients With Glycogen Storage Disease Type Ia (GSDIa) |
| NCT06735755 | PHASE1/PHASE2 | RECRUITING | A Phase 1/2, Dose-Exploration Study to Evaluate the Safety and Efficacy of BEAM-301 in Patients With Glycogen Storage Disease Type Ia (GSDIa) |
| NCT03517085 | PHASE1/PHASE2 | COMPLETED | Safety and Dose-Finding Study of DTX401 (AAV8G6PC) in Adults With Glycogen Storage Disease Type Ia (GSDIa) |
| NCT04311307 | PHASE1/PHASE2 | COMPLETED | Endogenous Glucose Production in Patients With Glycogen Storage Disease Type Ia |
| NCT06636383 | Not specified | RECRUITING | Glycogen Storage Disease Type Ia (GSDIa) Disease Monitoring Program |
| NCT06843330 | Not specified | RECRUITING | Accuracy of Lactate Meter in GSDIa |
| NCT07459582 | Not specified | RECRUITING | Accuracy of Home Lactate Meter and Accu-chek Glucometer in Patients With Glycogen Storage Disease |
| NCT01854242 | Not specified | COMPLETED | Study of the Relationship Between Glycogen Storage Disease Type Ia and Inflammatory Bowel Disease |
| NCT02054832 | Not specified | COMPLETED | Sleep and Quality of Life in Patients With Glycogen Storage Disease on Standard Versus Modified Uncooked Cornstarch |
| NCT03970278 | Not specified | COMPLETED | Study of Long-Term Safety and Efficacy on Gene Therapy in Glycogen Storage Disease Type Ia |
| NCT04708015 | Not specified | COMPLETED | Retrospective Study of Glucose Monitoring for Glycemic Control in Patients With GSDIa |
| NCT04909346 | Not specified | TERMINATED | Adeno-Associated Virus (AAV) Antibody Study in Subjects OTC Deficiency, GSDIa, and Wilson Disease |
Drugs tested across these trials (top 30)
| Molecule | Max phase | Trials referencing |
|---|---|---|
| LACTIC ACID | 4 | 1 |
| PREDNISOLONE | 4 | 1 |
| D-LACTIC ACID | 3 | 1 |
| PARIGLASGENE BRECAPARVOVEC | 1 | 2 |
Related Atlas pages
- Cohort genes: G6PC1, MMAB, SLC37A4, GAA, ASS1
- Drugs: Lactic Acid, Prednisolone, D-Lactic Acid