hepatitis B virus infection
diseaseOn this page
Also known as chronic hepatitis BHepatitis BHepatitis B infectionHepatitis B virus caused hepatitisHepatitis B virus hepatitishepatitis type Bviral Hepatitis B
Summary
hepatitis B virus infection (MONDO:0005344) is a disease with 21 cohort genes (31 GWAS associations across 17 studies) and 1,160 clinical trials. The dominant Reactome pathway is Interferon gamma signaling (6 cohort genes). Top therapeutic interventions include entecavir anhydrous, tenofovir disoproxil, and tenofovir alafenamide.
At a glance
- Cohort genes: 21
- GWAS associations: 31
- Clinical trials: 1,160
Clinical features
No curated clinical features (Orphanet) for this disease.
Identifiers
Disease identifiers
| Field | Value |
|---|---|
| Canonical name | hepatitis B virus infection |
| Mondo ID | MONDO:0005344 |
| EFO | EFO:0004197 |
| MeSH | D006509 |
| DOID | DOID:2043 |
| ICD-11 | 1718385802 |
| NCIT | C3097 |
| SNOMED CT | 66071002 |
| UMLS | C0019163 |
| MedGen | 6807 |
| Is cancer (heuristic) | no |
Also known as: chronic hepatitis B · Hepatitis B · Hepatitis B infection · hepatitis B infection · Hepatitis B virus caused hepatitis · Hepatitis B virus hepatitis · hepatitis type B · viral Hepatitis B
Data availability: 31 GWAS associations (17 studies).
Disease family
An umbrella term covering 2 Mondo subtypes.
Classification path: disease › human disease › disease by etiologic mechanism › disease of primarily extrinsic mechanism › infectious disease › viral infectious disease › primary viral infectious disease › Hepadnaviridae infectious disease › hepatitis B virus infection
Subtypes (2): chronic hepatitis B virus infection, acute hepatitis B virus infection
Genetics & variants
GWAS landscape
31 GWAS associations across 17 studies. Top hits map to 15 distinct genes (as reported by GWAS).
Top associations by p-value
| rsID | p-value | Gene | Risk allele | Odds ratio |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| rs3077 | 2e-61 | HLA-DPA1 | G | 1.87 |
| rs28891489 | 5e-59 | HLA-DQB1 - MTCO3P1 | ? | |
| rs9277535 | 3e-54 | HLA-DPB1 | G | 1.77 |
| rs2856718 | 4e-37 | HLA-DQB1 - MTCO3P1 | A | 1.56 |
| rs7453920 | 5e-37 | HLA-DQB2 | G | 1.89 |
| rs1419881 | 1e-18 | TCF19 | ? | 1.37 |
| rs2647027 | 1e-15 | HLA-DQB1 | G | 0.2 |
| rs3130542 | 9e-14 | HCG27 - HLA-C | A | 1.33 |
| rs652888 | 7e-13 | EHMT2-AS1, EHMT2 | ? | 1.38 |
| rs4821116 | 2e-12 | UBE2L3 | G | 1.22 |
| rs7000921 | 3e-12 | LZTS1 - TMEM97P2 | C | 1.28 |
| rs202090928 | 6e-12 | CACNA1H | G | 2.35 |
| rs549882772 | 1e-11 | MAP7 | G | 2.67 |
| rs571378589 | 3e-11 | EXOG | A | 2.63 |
| rs10272859 | 9e-10 | CDK14 | G | 1.28 |
| rs9277542 | 2e-09 | HLA-DPB1 | ? | |
| rs11866328 | 2e-08 | GRIN2A | G | 1.68 |
| rs615672 | 1e-06 | HLA-DRB1 - HLA-DQA1 | ? | |
| rs3128923 | 2e-06 | HLA-DPA2 - COL11A2P1 | ? | |
| rs1537862 | 2e-06 | AFG1L | ? | |
| rs421446 | 3e-06 | HSD17B8 - MIR219A1 | G | 1.47 |
| rs17401966 | 6e-06 | KIF1B | G | 1.89 |
Top studies (by case count)
| Study | Lead author | Year | Cases | Controls | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| GCST90651138 | Liu TY | 2025 | 9,726 | 190,942 | Diversity and longitudinal records: Genetic architecture of disease associations and polygenic risk in the Taiwanese Han population. |
| GCST90477056 | Verma A | 2024 | 2,229 | 447,136 | Diversity and scale: Genetic architecture of 2068 traits in the VA Million Veteran Program. |
| GCST001257 | Liu L | 2011 | 1,944 | 0 | A genome-wide association study with DNA pooling identifies the variant rs11866328 in the GRIN2A gene that affects disease progression of chronic HBV infection. |
| GCST90477055 | Verma A | 2024 | 1,940 | 118,553 | Diversity and scale: Genetic architecture of 2068 traits in the VA Million Veteran Program. |
| GCST90479751 | Verma A | 2024 | 1,940 | 118,553 | Diversity and scale: Genetic architecture of 2068 traits in the VA Million Veteran Program. |
| GCST003615 | Li Y | 2016 | 1,251 | 1,057 | Genome-wide association study identifies 8p21.3 associated with persistent hepatitis B virus infection among Chinese. |
| GCST002246 | Hu Z | 2013 | 951 | 0 | New loci associated with chronic hepatitis B virus infection in Han Chinese. |
| GCST012285 | Zeng Z | 2021 | 460 | 0 | Genome-wide association study identifies new loci associated with risk of HBV infection and disease progression. |
| GCST001150 | Mbarek H | 2011 | 458 | 2,056 | A genome-wide association study of chronic hepatitis B identified novel risk locus in a Japanese population. |
| GCST90481435 | Verma A | 2024 | 411 | 59,095 | Diversity and scale: Genetic architecture of 2068 traits in the VA Million Veteran Program. |
Variant details and genetic-evidence tiers
Tier distribution (top 50 variants)
| Tier | Variants |
|---|---|
| Tier 1: coding | 1 |
| Tier 2: splice/UTR | 4 |
| Tier 3: regulatory | 0 |
| Tier 4: intronic/intergenic | 17 |
MAF distribution
| Bucket | Variants |
|---|---|
| common (>=0.05) | 19 |
| low_freq (0.01-0.05) | 0 |
| rare (<0.01) | 3 |
| unknown | 0 |
Functional consequences
| Consequence | Count |
|---|---|
| intergenic_variant | 8 |
| intron_variant | 7 |
| 3_prime_UTR_variant | 4 |
| non_coding_transcript_exon_variant | 2 |
| missense_variant | 1 |
Top variants
| rsID | Chr | Pos | Alleles | MAF | Consequence | Gene | p-value | Tier |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| rs3077 | 6 | 33065245 | A>C,G,T | 0.4 | 3_prime_UTR_variant | HLA-DPA1 | 2e-61 | Tier 2: splice/UTR |
| rs28891489 | 6 | 32682585 | T>A,C | 0.05 | intergenic_variant | HLA-DQB1 - MTCO3P1 | 5e-59 | Tier 4: intronic/intergenic |
| rs9277535 | 6 | 33087084 | A>G | 0.43 | 3_prime_UTR_variant | HLA-DPB1 | 3e-54 | Tier 2: splice/UTR |
| rs2856718 | 6 | 32702478 | C>A,G,T | 0.48 | intergenic_variant | HLA-DQB1 - MTCO3P1 | 4e-37 | Tier 4: intronic/intergenic |
| rs7453920 | 6 | 32762235 | A>G,T | 0.13 | intron_variant | HLA-DQB2 | 5e-37 | Tier 4: intronic/intergenic |
| rs1419881 | 6 | 31162816 | G>A,C,T | 0.05 | 3_prime_UTR_variant | TCF19 | 1e-18 | Tier 2: splice/UTR |
| rs2647027 | 6 | 32667828 | G>A,C | 0.321 | intergenic_variant | HLA-DQB1 | 1e-15 | Tier 4: intronic/intergenic |
| rs3130542 | 6 | 31264334 | A>G | 0.13 | intergenic_variant | HCG27 - HLA-C | 9e-14 | Tier 4: intronic/intergenic |
| rs652888 | 6 | 31883457 | A>C,G,T | 0.05 | non_coding_transcript_exon_variant | EHMT2-AS1, EHMT2 | 7e-13 | Tier 4: intronic/intergenic |
| rs4821116 | 22 | 21619030 | C>A,T | 0.41 | intron_variant | UBE2L3 | 2e-12 | Tier 4: intronic/intergenic |
| rs7000921 | 8 | 20535695 | T>C | 0.278 | intergenic_variant | LZTS1 - TMEM97P2 | 3e-12 | Tier 4: intronic/intergenic |
| rs202090928 | 16 | 1195441 | G>A,C | 0 | missense_variant | CACNA1H | 6e-12 | Tier 1: coding |
| rs549882772 | 6 | 136399631 | G>A | 0 | intron_variant | MAP7 | 1e-11 | Tier 4: intronic/intergenic |
| rs571378589 | 3 | 38527485 | A>G,T | 0 | intergenic_variant | EXOG | 3e-11 | Tier 4: intronic/intergenic |
| rs10272859 | 7 | 90689160 | G>A,C | 0.313 | intron_variant | CDK14 | 9e-10 | Tier 4: intronic/intergenic |
| rs9277542 | 6 | 33087470 | T>A,C | 0.05 | 3_prime_UTR_variant | HLA-DPB1 | 2e-09 | Tier 2: splice/UTR |
| rs11866328 | 16 | 9768699 | G>A,T | 0.05 | intron_variant | GRIN2A | 2e-08 | Tier 4: intronic/intergenic |
| rs615672 | 6 | 32606394 | G>A,C | 0.05 | intergenic_variant | HLA-DRB1 - HLA-DQA1 | 1e-06 | Tier 4: intronic/intergenic |
| rs3128923 | 6 | 33103545 | C>A,G | 0.05 | intergenic_variant | HLA-DPA2 - COL11A2P1 | 2e-06 | Tier 4: intronic/intergenic |
| rs1537862 | 6 | 108368952 | T>A,C | 0.05 | intron_variant | AFG1L | 2e-06 | Tier 4: intronic/intergenic |
| rs421446 | 6 | 33207006 | A>C,G | 0.05 | non_coding_transcript_exon_variant | HSD17B8 - MIR219A1 | 3e-06 | Tier 4: intronic/intergenic |
| rs17401966 | 1 | 10325413 | A>G | 0.269 | intron_variant | KIF1B | 6e-06 | Tier 4: intronic/intergenic |
Genes & proteins
Mendelian disease overlap and somatic drivers
GenCC: 0 · Orphanet: 36 · OMIM-shared: 0 · Dual-evidence (GWAS+Mendelian): 0
Orphanet rare-disease linkage (cohort genes)
| Gene | Orphanet ID | Rare disease |
|---|---|---|
| UBE2L3 | Orphanet:536 | Systemic lupus erythematosus |
| KIF1B | Orphanet:29072 | Hereditary pheochromocytoma-paraganglioma |
| KIF1B | Orphanet:99946 | Autosomal dominant Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 2A1 |
| CSGALNACT1 | Orphanet:1425 | Desbuquois syndrome |
| GRIN2A | Orphanet:163721 | Rolandic epilepsy-speech dyspraxia syndrome |
| GRIN2A | Orphanet:1945 | Self-limited epilepsy with centrotemporal spikes |
| GRIN2A | Orphanet:289266 | Early-onset epileptic encephalopathy and intellectual disability due to GRIN2A mutation |
| GRIN2A | Orphanet:725 | Developmental and epileptic encephalopathy with spike-wave activation in sleep |
| GRIN2A | Orphanet:98818 | Landau-Kleffner syndrome |
| HLA-C | Orphanet:585909 | B-lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoma with t(9;22)(q34.1;q11.2) |
| HLA-DPA1 | Orphanet:900 | Granulomatosis with polyangiitis |
| HLA-DPB1 | Orphanet:133 | Chronic beryllium disease |
| HLA-DPB1 | Orphanet:900 | Granulomatosis with polyangiitis |
| HLA-DQB1 | Orphanet:2073 | Narcolepsy type 1 |
| HLA-DQB1 | Orphanet:477738 | Pediatric multiple sclerosis |
| HLA-DQB1 | Orphanet:703 | Bullous pemphigoid |
| HLA-DQB1 | Orphanet:83465 | Narcolepsy type 2 |
| HLA-DQB1 | Orphanet:930 | Idiopathic achalasia |
| HLA-DRB1 | Orphanet:2073 | Narcolepsy type 1 |
| HLA-DRB1 | Orphanet:220393 | Diffuse cutaneous systemic sclerosis |
| HLA-DRB1 | Orphanet:220402 | Limited cutaneous systemic sclerosis |
| HLA-DRB1 | Orphanet:220407 | Limited systemic sclerosis |
| HLA-DRB1 | Orphanet:3437 | Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada disease |
| HLA-DRB1 | Orphanet:397 | Giant cell arteritis |
| HLA-DRB1 | Orphanet:477738 | Pediatric multiple sclerosis |
| HLA-DRB1 | Orphanet:536 | Systemic lupus erythematosus |
| HLA-DRB1 | Orphanet:545 | Follicular lymphoma |
| HLA-DRB1 | Orphanet:703 | Bullous pemphigoid |
| HLA-DRB1 | Orphanet:747 | Autoimmune pulmonary alveolar proteinosis |
| HLA-DRB1 | Orphanet:797 | Sarcoidosis |
| HLA-DRB1 | Orphanet:83465 | Narcolepsy type 2 |
| HLA-DRB1 | Orphanet:85414 | Systemic-onset juvenile idiopathic arthritis |
| LPL | Orphanet:309015 | Familial lipoprotein lipase deficiency |
| ATP6V1B2 | Orphanet:3473 | Zimmermann-Laband syndrome |
| ATP6V1B2 | Orphanet:79499 | Autosomal dominant deafness-onychodystrophy syndrome |
| ATP6V1B2 | Orphanet:79500 | DOORS syndrome |
Cohort genes → proteins
21 cohort genes, 19 distinct canonical proteins.
Evidence partition
| Subset | Genes |
|---|---|
| gwas_only | 21 |
Cohort genes (full)
| Symbol | HGNC | Ensembl | UniProt | Name | Evidence |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| SLC18A1 | HGNC:10934 | ENSG00000036565 | P54219 | Chromaffin granule amine transporter | gwas |
| TCF19 | HGNC:11629 | ENSG00000137310 | Q9Y242 | Transcription factor 19 | gwas |
| UBE2L3 | HGNC:12488 | ENSG00000185651 | P68036 | Ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2 L3 | gwas |
| LZTS1 | HGNC:13861 | ENSG00000061337 | Q9Y250 | Leucine zipper putative tumor suppressor 1 | gwas |
| EHMT2 | HGNC:14129 | ENSG00000204371 | Q96KQ7 | Histone-lysine N-methyltransferase EHMT2 | gwas |
| AFG1L | HGNC:16411 | ENSG00000135537 | Q8WV93 | AFG1-like ATPase | gwas |
| KIF1B | HGNC:16636 | ENSG00000054523 | O60333 | Kinesin-like protein KIF1B | gwas |
| CSGALNACT1 | HGNC:24290 | ENSG00000147408 | Q8TDX6 | Chondroitin sulfate N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase 1 | gwas |
| INTS10 | HGNC:25548 | ENSG00000104613 | Q9NVR2 | Integrator complex subunit 10 | gwas |
| MIR219A1 | HGNC:31597 | ENSG00000199036 | microRNA 219a-1 | gwas | |
| GRIN2A | HGNC:4585 | ENSG00000183454 | Q12879 | Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 2A | gwas |
| HLA-C | HGNC:4933 | ENSG00000204525 | P10321 | HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, C alpha chain | gwas |
| HLA-DPA1 | HGNC:4938 | ENSG00000231389 | P20036 | HLA class II histocompatibility antigen, DP alpha 1 chain | gwas |
| HLA-DPA2 | HGNC:4939 | ENSG00000231461 | major histocompatibility complex, class II, DP alpha 2 (pseudogene) | gwas | |
| HLA-DPB1 | HGNC:4940 | ENSG00000223865 | P04440 | HLA class II histocompatibility antigen, DP beta 1 chain | gwas |
| HLA-DQB1 | HGNC:4944 | ENSG00000179344 | P01920 | HLA class II histocompatibility antigen, DQ beta 1 chain | gwas |
| HLA-DQB2 | HGNC:4945 | ENSG00000232629 | P05538 | HLA class II histocompatibility antigen, DQ beta 2 chain | gwas |
| HLA-DRB1 | HGNC:4948 | ENSG00000196126 | P01911 | HLA class II histocompatibility antigen, DRB1 beta chain | gwas |
| LPL | HGNC:6677 | ENSG00000175445 | P06858 | Lipoprotein lipase | gwas |
| ATP6V1B2 | HGNC:854 | ENSG00000147416 | P21281 | V-type proton ATPase subunit B, brain isoform | gwas |
| CDK14 | HGNC:8883 | ENSG00000058091 | O94921 | Cyclin-dependent kinase 14 | gwas |
Cohort function summary
Lead sentence per gene, UniProt-curated.
| Symbol | Protein name | Function (lead sentence) |
|---|---|---|
| SLC18A1 | Chromaffin granule amine transporter | Electrogenic antiporter that exchanges one cationic monoamine with two intravesicular protons across the membrane of secretory and synaptic vesicles. |
| TCF19 | Transcription factor 19 | Potential transcription factor that may play a role in the regulation of genes involved in cell cycle G1/S transition. |
| UBE2L3 | Ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2 L3 | Ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2 that specifically acts with HECT-type and RBR family E3 ubiquitin-protein ligases. |
| LZTS1 | Leucine zipper putative tumor suppressor 1 | Involved in the regulation of cell growth. |
| EHMT2 | Histone-lysine N-methyltransferase EHMT2 | Histone methyltransferase that specifically mono- and dimethylates ‘Lys-9’ of histone H3 (H3K9me1 and H3K9me2, respectively) in euchromatin. |
| AFG1L | AFG1-like ATPase | Putative mitochondrial ATPase. |
| KIF1B | Kinesin-like protein KIF1B | Has a plus-end-directed microtubule motor activity and functions as a motor for transport of vesicles and organelles along microtubules. |
| CSGALNACT1 | Chondroitin sulfate N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase 1 | Transfers 1,4-N-acetylgalactosamine (GalNAc) from UDP-GalNAc to the non-reducing end of glucuronic acid (GlcUA). |
| INTS10 | Integrator complex subunit 10 | Component of the integrator complex, a multiprotein complex that terminates RNA polymerase II (Pol II) transcription in the promoter-proximal region of genes. |
| GRIN2A | Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 2A | Component of N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors (NMDARs) that function as heterotetrameric, ligand-gated cation channels with high calcium permeability and voltage-dependent block by Mg(2+). |
| HLA-C | HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, C alpha chain | Antigen-presenting major histocompatibility complex class I (MHCI) molecule with an important role in reproduction and antiviral immunity. |
| HLA-DPA1 | HLA class II histocompatibility antigen, DP alpha 1 chain | Binds peptides derived from antigens that access the endocytic route of antigen presenting cells (APC) and presents them on the cell surface for recognition by the CD4 T-cells. |
| HLA-DPB1 | HLA class II histocompatibility antigen, DP beta 1 chain | Binds peptides derived from antigens that access the endocytic route of antigen presenting cells (APC) and presents them on the cell surface for recognition by the CD4 T-cells. |
| HLA-DQB1 | HLA class II histocompatibility antigen, DQ beta 1 chain | Binds peptides derived from antigens that access the endocytic route of antigen presenting cells (APC) and presents them on the cell surface for recognition by the CD4 T-cells. |
| HLA-DQB2 | HLA class II histocompatibility antigen, DQ beta 2 chain | Binds peptides derived from antigens that access the endocytic route of antigen presenting cells (APC) and presents them on the cell surface for recognition by the CD4 T-cells. |
| HLA-DRB1 | HLA class II histocompatibility antigen, DRB1 beta chain | A beta chain of antigen-presenting major histocompatibility complex class II (MHCII) molecule. |
| LPL | Lipoprotein lipase | Key enzyme in triglyceride metabolism. |
| ATP6V1B2 | V-type proton ATPase subunit B, brain isoform | Non-catalytic subunit of the V1 complex of vacuolar(H+)-ATPase (V-ATPase), a multisubunit enzyme composed of a peripheral complex (V1) that hydrolyzes ATP and a membrane integral complex (V0) that translocates protons. |
| CDK14 | Cyclin-dependent kinase 14 | Serine/threonine-protein kinase involved in the control of the eukaryotic cell cycle, whose activity is controlled by an associated cyclin. |
Protein-family classification
Druggable: 11 · Difficult: 3 · Unknown: 7 · Druggable fraction: 0.52
Family distribution
Cohort families vs a genome-wide background (hypergeometric, BH-FDR; fold = observed/expected). Counts kept; sorted by enrichment, so the catch-all Other/Unknown bucket no longer leads.
| Family | Genes | Fold | FDR |
|---|---|---|---|
| Antibody/Immunoglobulin | 6 | 8.3× | 4e-04 |
| Transporter | 1 | 3.7× | 0.591 |
| Enzyme (other) | 3 | 1.7× | 0.591 |
| Scaffold/PPI | 2 | 1.6× | 0.604 |
| Kinase | 1 | 1.3× | 0.753 |
| Other/Unknown | 7 | 0.6× | 0.989 |
| Transcription factor | 1 | 0.4× | 0.989 |
Per-gene assignment
| Symbol | Family | Druggable? | EC | InterPro (top 3) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SLC18A1 | Transporter | yes | Tet-R_TetA/multi-R_MdtG-like, MFS, MFS_dom | |
| TCF19 | Transcription factor | no | FHA_dom, Znf_PHD, SMAD_FHA_dom_sf | |
| UBE2L3 | Enzyme (other) | yes | 2.3.2.23 | UBC, UBQ-conjugating_enzyme/RWD, UBQ-conjugating_AS |
| LZTS1 | Other/Unknown | no | LZTS | |
| EHMT2 | Scaffold/PPI | no | 2.1.1.355 | SET_dom, Ankyrin_rpt, Pre-SET_dom |
| AFG1L | Other/Unknown | no | ATPase_AFG1-like, P-loop_NTPase | |
| KIF1B | Scaffold/PPI | no | FHA_dom, Kinesin_motor_dom, PH_domain | |
| CSGALNACT1 | Enzyme (other) | yes | 2.4.1.174 | Chond_GalNAc, Nucleotide-diphossugar_trans, CS_glycosyltransferase |
| INTS10 | Other/Unknown | no | Int_cplx_su10 | |
| MIR219A1 | Other/Unknown | no | ||
| GRIN2A | Other/Unknown | no | Iontro_rcpt_C, Iono_Glu_rcpt_met, ANF_lig-bd_rcpt | |
| HLA-C | Antibody/Immunoglobulin | yes | MHC_I_a_a1/a2, Ig_C1-set, Ig-like_dom | |
| HLA-DPA1 | Antibody/Immunoglobulin | yes | MHC_II_a_N, Ig/MHC_CS, Ig_C1-set | |
| HLA-DPA2 | Other/Unknown | no | ||
| HLA-DPB1 | Antibody/Immunoglobulin | yes | MHC_II_b_N, Ig/MHC_CS, Ig_C1-set | |
| HLA-DQB1 | Antibody/Immunoglobulin | yes | MHC_II_b_N, Ig/MHC_CS, Ig_C1-set | |
| HLA-DQB2 | Antibody/Immunoglobulin | yes | MHC_II_b_N, Ig/MHC_CS, Ig_C1-set | |
| HLA-DRB1 | Antibody/Immunoglobulin | yes | MHC_II_b_N, Ig/MHC_CS, Ig_C1-set | |
| LPL | Enzyme (other) | yes | 3.1.1.34 | TAG_lipase, PLAT/LH2_dom, Lipo_Lipase |
| ATP6V1B2 | Other/Unknown | no | ATPase_F1/V1/A1_a/bsu_nucl-bd, ATPase_F1/V1/A1_a/bsu_N, ATPase_V1-cplx_bsu | |
| CDK14 | Kinase | yes | Prot_kinase_dom, Ser/Thr_kinase_AS, Kinase-like_dom_sf |
Expression context
Cohort genes with no expression data: 0.
17 cohort genes are a single-cell marker in ≥1 SCXA experiment.
Breadth distribution (Bgee present_calls)
| Bucket | Genes |
|---|---|
| narrow (1-5 tissues) | 0 |
| moderate (6-20) | 0 |
| broad (>20) | 21 |
| unknown | 0 |
Top tissues across cohort
| Tissue | Cohort genes |
|---|---|
| granulocyte | 6 |
| lymph node | 3 |
| right lung | 3 |
| male germ line stem cell (sensu Vertebrata) in testis | 2 |
| ganglionic eminence | 2 |
| nucleus accumbens | 2 |
| spleen | 2 |
| monocyte | 2 |
| vermiform appendix | 2 |
| buccal mucosa cell | 1 |
| diaphragm | 1 |
| primordial germ cell in gonad | 1 |
| ventricular zone | 1 |
| mucosa of transverse colon | 1 |
| oocyte | 1 |
| secondary oocyte | 1 |
| cortical plate | 1 |
| putamen | 1 |
| left testis | 1 |
| right testis | 1 |
Per-gene tissue summary (top 30)
| Symbol | Bgee breadth | FANTOM5 breadth | SCXA | Top tissues |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SLC18A1 | 79 | tissue_specific | marker | diaphragm, male germ line stem cell (sensu Vertebrata) in testis, buccal mucosa cell |
| TCF19 | 133 | ubiquitous | yes | primordial germ cell in gonad, ventricular zone, lymph node |
| UBE2L3 | 287 | ubiquitous | marker | oocyte, secondary oocyte, mucosa of transverse colon |
| LZTS1 | 200 | broad | marker | cortical plate, ganglionic eminence, nucleus accumbens |
| EHMT2 | 134 | ubiquitous | marker | nucleus accumbens, ganglionic eminence, putamen |
| AFG1L | 164 | ubiquitous | yes | left testis, right testis, male germ line stem cell (sensu Vertebrata) in testis |
| KIF1B | 287 | ubiquitous | marker | skeletal muscle tissue of rectus abdominis, biceps brachii, medial globus pallidus |
| CSGALNACT1 | 280 | broad | marker | cartilage tissue, cardiac muscle of right atrium, synovial joint |
| INTS10 | 261 | ubiquitous | marker | body of pancreas, right uterine tube, cerebellar hemisphere |
| MIR219A1 | 107 | yes | sural nerve, granulocyte, olfactory segment of nasal mucosa | |
| GRIN2A | 199 | broad | marker | Brodmann (1909) area 23, endothelial cell, middle temporal gyrus |
| HLA-C | 134 | ubiquitous | marker | blood, right lung, spleen |
| HLA-DPA1 | 133 | ubiquitous | marker | monocyte, leukocyte, granulocyte |
| HLA-DPA2 | 28 | yes | granulocyte, cerebellar cortex, cerebellum | |
| HLA-DPB1 | 135 | ubiquitous | marker | granulocyte, lymph node, vermiform appendix |
| HLA-DQB1 | 268 | broad | marker | right lung, spleen, upper lobe of left lung |
| HLA-DQB2 | 127 | tissue_specific | marker | lymph node, granulocyte, skin of abdomen |
| HLA-DRB1 | 131 | tissue_specific | marker | vermiform appendix, granulocyte, right lung |
| LPL | 272 | broad | marker | olfactory bulb, trigeminal ganglion, dorsal root ganglion |
| ATP6V1B2 | 300 | ubiquitous | marker | pons, monocyte, lateral nuclear group of thalamus |
| CDK14 | 279 | ubiquitous | marker | postcentral gyrus, parietal lobe, CA1 field of hippocampus |
Protein interactions among cohort
Intra-cohort edges: 6.
Hub genes (top 10 by interactor count)
| Symbol | Interactor count |
|---|---|
| EHMT2 | 4,723 |
| HLA-DRB1 | 3,448 |
| GRIN2A | 3,146 |
| CDK14 | 3,135 |
| ATP6V1B2 | 2,898 |
| KIF1B | 2,257 |
| LPL | 2,149 |
| TCF19 | 1,774 |
| HLA-DQB2 | 1,547 |
| LZTS1 | 1,230 |
Intra-cohort edges
| A | B | Sources |
|---|---|---|
| EHMT2 | TCF19 | string_interaction |
| HLA-C | HLA-DQB1 | intact |
| HLA-DPA1 | HLA-DPB1 | intact |
| HLA-DPA1 | HLA-DQB1 | intact |
| HLA-DQB2 | TCF19 | string_interaction |
| INTS10 | TCF19 | string_interaction |
Structural data
PDB: 14 · AlphaFold-only: 5 · No structure: 2
Cohort genes with PDB structures (top 30)
| Symbol | UniProt | PDB entries |
|---|---|---|
| HLA-DRB1 | P01911 | 108 |
| GRIN2A | Q12879 | 37 |
| EHMT2 | Q96KQ7 | 35 |
| UBE2L3 | P68036 | 21 |
| HLA-C | P10321 | 13 |
| HLA-DPA1 | P20036 | 10 |
| HLA-DPB1 | P04440 | 10 |
| HLA-DQB1 | P01920 | 10 |
| SLC18A1 | P54219 | 8 |
| INTS10 | Q9NVR2 | 8 |
| ATP6V1B2 | P21281 | 8 |
| LPL | P06858 | 5 |
| LZTS1 | Q9Y250 | 1 |
| KIF1B | O60333 | 1 |
AlphaFold-only cohort genes (top 30 by pLDDT)
| Symbol | UniProt | pLDDT |
|---|---|---|
| CSGALNACT1 | Q8TDX6 | 87.71 |
| HLA-DQB2 | P05538 | 86.87 |
| AFG1L | Q8WV93 | 78.92 |
| CDK14 | O94921 | 71.10 |
| TCF19 | Q9Y242 | 63.17 |
Function
Pathway analysis
Distinct Reactome pathways touched by cohort: 74. Enrichment computed across 21 evidence-associated genes (15 with Reactome annotation).
Pathways by enrichment
Over-representation of cohort genes vs the genome-wide background (hypergeometric test, Benjamini-Hochberg FDR; fold = observed/expected over 15 annotated cohort genes). Counts and members are kept as ground-truth; sorted by enrichment.
| Pathway | Cohort genes | Fold | FDR | Sample cohort genes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Interferon gamma signaling | 6 | 50.2× | 8e-08 | HLA-C, HLA-DPA1, HLA-DPB1, HLA-DQB1, HLA-DQB2, HLA-DRB1 |
| Translocation of ZAP-70 to Immunological synapse | 4 | 169.2× | 2e-07 | HLA-DPA1, HLA-DPB1, HLA-DQB2, HLA-DRB1 |
| Phosphorylation of CD3 and TCR zeta chains | 4 | 145.0× | 3e-07 | HLA-DPA1, HLA-DPB1, HLA-DQB2, HLA-DRB1 |
| Co-inhibition by PD-1 | 4 | 138.4× | 3e-07 | HLA-DPA1, HLA-DPB1, HLA-DQB2, HLA-DRB1 |
| Generation of second messenger molecules | 4 | 92.3× | 1e-06 | HLA-DPA1, HLA-DPB1, HLA-DQB2, HLA-DRB1 |
| Downstream TCR signaling | 4 | 34.2× | 5e-05 | HLA-DPA1, HLA-DPB1, HLA-DQB2, HLA-DRB1 |
| MHC class II antigen presentation | 4 | 23.8× | 2e-04 | HLA-DPA1, HLA-DPB1, HLA-DQB2, HLA-DRB1 |
| Chylomicron remodeling | 1 | 76.1× | 0.113 | LPL |
| Endosomal/Vacuolar pathway | 1 | 69.2× | 0.113 | HLA-C |
| Regulation of MITF-M-dependent genes involved in lysosome biogenesis and autophagy | 1 | 44.8× | 0.113 | ATP6V1B2 |
| Assembly of active LPL and LIPC lipase complexes | 1 | 40.1× | 0.113 | LPL |
| MECP2 regulates neuronal receptors and channels | 1 | 40.1× | 0.113 | GRIN2A |
| CS-GAG biosynthesis | 1 | 36.2× | 0.113 | CSGALNACT1 |
| Unblocking of NMDA receptors, glutamate binding and activation | 1 | 36.2× | 0.113 | GRIN2A |
| Regulation of TP53 Activity through Methylation | 1 | 36.2× | 0.113 | EHMT2 |
| Synaptic adhesion-like molecules | 1 | 36.2× | 0.113 | GRIN2A |
| Negative regulation of NMDA receptor-mediated neuronal transmission | 1 | 36.2× | 0.113 | GRIN2A |
| DAP12 interactions | 1 | 31.7× | 0.113 | HLA-C |
| Plasma lipoprotein remodeling | 1 | 31.7× | 0.113 | LPL |
| Long-term potentiation | 1 | 31.7× | 0.113 | GRIN2A |
| Regulation of necroptotic cell death | 1 | 29.3× | 0.113 | UBE2L3 |
| Antigen Presentation: Folding, assembly and peptide loading of class I MHC | 1 | 26.2× | 0.113 | HLA-C |
| Metabolism of fat-soluble vitamins | 1 | 25.4× | 0.113 | LPL |
| Insulin receptor recycling | 1 | 25.4× | 0.113 | ATP6V1B2 |
| Synthesis of active ubiquitin: roles of E1 and E2 enzymes | 1 | 24.6× | 0.113 | UBE2L3 |
| Transferrin endocytosis and recycling | 1 | 24.6× | 0.113 | ATP6V1B2 |
| PINK1-PRKN Mediated Mitophagy | 1 | 23.8× | 0.113 | UBE2L3 |
| ROS and RNS production in phagocytes | 1 | 22.4× | 0.116 | ATP6V1B2 |
| Transcriptional Regulation by E2F6 | 1 | 19.5× | 0.128 | EHMT2 |
| Transcriptional Regulation by VENTX | 1 | 17.7× | 0.132 | EHMT2 |
GO biological processes by enrichment
Over-representation of cohort genes vs the genome-wide background (hypergeometric test, Benjamini-Hochberg FDR; fold = observed/expected over 19 annotated cohort genes). Counts and members are kept as ground-truth; sorted by enrichment.
| GO term | Cohort genes | Fold | FDR | Sample cohort genes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| peptide antigen assembly with MHC class II protein complex | 5 | 277.2× | 8e-10 | HLA-DPA1, HLA-DPB1, HLA-DQB1, HLA-DQB2, HLA-DRB1 |
| antigen processing and presentation of exogenous peptide antigen via MHC class II | 5 | 143.1× | 1e-08 | HLA-DPA1, HLA-DPB1, HLA-DQB1, HLA-DQB2, HLA-DRB1 |
| positive regulation of immune response | 5 | 126.7× | 2e-08 | HLA-DPA1, HLA-DPB1, HLA-DQB1, HLA-DQB2, HLA-DRB1 |
| positive regulation of T cell activation | 5 | 116.7× | 2e-08 | HLA-DPA1, HLA-DPB1, HLA-DQB1, HLA-DQB2, HLA-DRB1 |
| adaptive immune response | 5 | 22.2× | 8e-05 | HLA-C, HLA-DPA1, HLA-DPB1, HLA-DQB1, HLA-DQB2 |
| immune response | 5 | 12.4× | 0.001 | HLA-C, HLA-DPA1, HLA-DQB1, HLA-DQB2, HLA-DRB1 |
| T cell receptor signaling pathway | 3 | 24.0× | 0.006 | HLA-DPB1, HLA-DQB1, HLA-DRB1 |
| positive regulation of T cell mediated cytotoxicity | 2 | 53.8× | 0.014 | HLA-C, HLA-DRB1 |
| regulation of interleukin-4 production | 1 | 887.0× | 0.018 | HLA-DRB1 |
| phenotypic switching | 1 | 887.0× | 0.018 | EHMT2 |
| UDP-glucuronate metabolic process | 1 | 887.0× | 0.018 | CSGALNACT1 |
| antigen processing and presentation of endogenous peptide antigen via MHC class II | 1 | 443.5× | 0.026 | HLA-DRB1 |
| regulation of interleukin-10 production | 1 | 443.5× | 0.026 | HLA-DRB1 |
| humoral immune response | 2 | 29.6× | 0.026 | HLA-DQB1, HLA-DRB1 |
| positive regulation of T cell proliferation | 2 | 27.3× | 0.026 | HLA-DPA1, HLA-DPB1 |
| regulation of synaptic plasticity | 2 | 27.3× | 0.026 | LZTS1, GRIN2A |
| myeloid dendritic cell antigen processing and presentation | 1 | 295.6× | 0.027 | HLA-DRB1 |
| aminergic neurotransmitter loading into synaptic vesicle | 1 | 295.6× | 0.027 | SLC18A1 |
| directional locomotion | 1 | 295.6× | 0.027 | GRIN2A |
| low-density lipoprotein particle mediated signaling | 1 | 295.6× | 0.027 | LPL |
| protein localization to postsynaptic membrane | 1 | 295.6× | 0.027 | GRIN2A |
| positive regulation of type II interferon production | 2 | 23.6× | 0.027 | HLA-DPA1, HLA-DPB1 |
| UDP-N-acetylgalactosamine metabolic process | 1 | 221.7× | 0.029 | CSGALNACT1 |
| chylomicron remodeling | 1 | 221.7× | 0.029 | LPL |
| regulation of T-helper cell differentiation | 1 | 221.7× | 0.029 | HLA-DRB1 |
| mitochondrial protein quality control | 1 | 221.7× | 0.029 | AFG1L |
| positive regulation of CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell activation | 1 | 221.7× | 0.029 | HLA-DRB1 |
| peptidyl-lysine dimethylation | 1 | 177.4× | 0.032 | EHMT2 |
| positive regulation of CD4-positive, CD25-positive, alpha-beta regulatory T cell differentiation | 1 | 177.4× | 0.032 | HLA-DRB1 |
| very-low-density lipoprotein particle clearance | 1 | 177.4× | 0.032 | LPL |
Therapeutics
Drugs indicated for this disease
8 approved, 9 in late-stage (phase 3) trials. Disease-direct ChEMBL indications, not inferred from the associated-gene cohort below.
| Drug | Development status |
|---|---|
| Adefovir Dipivoxil | Approved (phase 4) |
| HEPATITIS B VIRUS S PROTEIN, PRE-S1 PROTEIN AND PRE-S2 PROTEIN VIRUS LIKE PARTICLES | Approved (phase 4) |
| Hepatitis B Immune Globulin | Approved (phase 4) |
| Hepatitis B Virus Hbsag Surface Protein Antigen | Approved (phase 4) |
| INTERFERON ALFA-2B | Approved (phase 4) |
| Lamivudine | Approved (phase 4) |
| PEGINTERFERON ALFA-2A | Approved (phase 4) |
| Telbivudine | Approved (phase 4) |
| Adefovir | Phase 3 (in late-stage trials) |
| Bepirovirsen | Phase 3 (in late-stage trials) |
| Clevudine | Phase 3 (in late-stage trials) |
| Emtricitabine | Phase 3 (in late-stage trials) |
| Hepatitis B Virus Vaccine Inactivated | Phase 3 (in late-stage trials) |
| Ribavirin | Phase 3 (in late-stage trials) |
| Tenofovir Alafenamide | Phase 3 (in late-stage trials) |
| Tenofovir Anhydrous | Phase 3 (in late-stage trials) |
| Thimerosal | Phase 3 (in late-stage trials) |
Earlier-phase candidates (phase 2, investigational — efficacy not yet established): 1018 ISS, Bulevirtide, Daclatasvir, Dasabuvir, Imiquimod, Ledipasvir, Nivolumab, Ombitasvir, PEGINTERFERON LAMBDA-1A, Paritaprevir, Ritonavir, Sodium Chloride, Sofosbuvir, Tenofovir Disoproxil, Terfenadine.
Drug target analysis
Approved (phase 4): 6 · Phase ≥3: 6 · Phased (≥1): 6 · Undrugged: 15
Druggability breadth: 11 of 21 evidence-associated genes (52%) have a ChEMBL target (buckets above are over the deeply-mined display cohort).
Genes with an approved drug
The molecule shown is one approved compound that hits the gene — not necessarily a drug of choice or one indicated for this disease.
| Symbol | Example approved molecule |
|---|---|
| SLC18A1 | RESERPINE |
| EHMT2 | RALTITREXED |
| GRIN2A | MEMANTINE HYDROCHLORIDE |
| LPL | ORLISTAT |
| ATP6V1B2 | ENOXACIN |
| CDK14 | FEDRATINIB |
Top cohort targets by molecule count
| Symbol | Molecules | Max phase |
|---|---|---|
| GRIN2A | 37 | 4 |
| CDK14 | 17 | 4 |
| EHMT2 | 7 | 4 |
| SLC18A1 | 1 | 4 |
| LPL | 1 | 4 |
| ATP6V1B2 | 1 | 4 |
| TCF19 | 0 | 0 |
| UBE2L3 | 0 | 0 |
| LZTS1 | 0 | 0 |
| AFG1L | 0 | 0 |
Drugs targeting cohort genes (top 30)
| Molecule | Max phase | Targets in cohort |
|---|---|---|
| RESERPINE | 4 | SLC18A1 |
| RALTITREXED | 4 | EHMT2 |
| TAZEMETOSTAT | 4 | EHMT2 |
| DISULFIRAM | 4 | EHMT2 |
| MEMANTINE HYDROCHLORIDE | 4 | GRIN2A |
| ESKETAMINE | 4 | GRIN2A |
| DEXTROMETHORPHAN | 4 | GRIN2A |
| PENTAMIDINE | 4 | GRIN2A |
| AMANTADINE | 4 | GRIN2A |
| KETAMINE | 4 | GRIN2A |
| CYCLOSERINE | 4 | GRIN2A |
| MEMANTINE | 4 | GRIN2A |
| TACRINE | 4 | GRIN2A |
| LEVORPHANOL | 4 | GRIN2A |
| CHLORPROMAZINE | 4 | GRIN2A |
| PROCYCLIDINE | 4 | GRIN2A |
| ORPHENADRINE | 4 | GRIN2A |
| ORLISTAT | 4 | LPL |
| ENOXACIN | 4 | ATP6V1B2 |
| FEDRATINIB | 4 | CDK14 |
| SORAFENIB | 4 | CDK14 |
| BOSUTINIB | 4 | CDK14 |
| NINTEDANIB | 4 | CDK14 |
| SUNITINIB | 4 | CDK14 |
| EBSELEN | 3 | EHMT2 |
| ESMETHADONE | 3 | GRIN2A |
| DALZANEMDOR | 3 | GRIN2A |
| LATREPIRDINE | 3 | GRIN2A |
| GLUTAMIC ACID | 3 | GRIN2A |
| ENZASTAURIN | 3 | CDK14 |
Bioactivity and enzyme data
Enzyme cohort genes (≥1 EC): 4.
Cohort genes with ChEMBL bioactivity (full, sorted by assay count)
| Symbol | Assays | Type breakdown |
|---|---|---|
| EHMT2 | 442 | Binding:435, Functional:6, ADMET:1 |
| GRIN2A | 324 | Binding:296, Functional:23, ADMET:4, Toxicity:1 |
| CDK14 | 179 | Binding:179 |
| HLA-DRB1 | 17 | Binding:17 |
| LPL | 16 | Binding:16 |
| CSGALNACT1 | 9 | Binding:9 |
| ATP6V1B2 | 3 | Binding:3 |
| SLC18A1 | 2 | Functional:1, Binding:1 |
| UBE2L3 | 2 | Binding:2 |
| KIF1B | 1 | Binding:1 |
| HLA-C | 1 | Binding:1 |
Cohort enzymes (BRENDA EC)
| Symbol | EC numbers | Names |
|---|---|---|
| UBE2L3 | 2.3.2.23, 2.3.2.24 | E2 ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme, (E3-independent) E2 ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme |
| EHMT2 | 2.1.1.355, 2.1.1.356, 2.1.1.367, 2.1.1.368 | [histone H3]-lysine9 N-trimethyltransferase, [histone H3]-lysine27 N-trimethyltransferase, [histone H3]-lysine9 N-methyltransferase, [histone H3]-lysine9 N-dimethyltransferase |
| CSGALNACT1 | 2.4.1.174, 2.4.1.175 | glucuronylgalactosylproteoglycan 4-beta-N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase, glucuronosyl-N-acetylgalactosaminyl-proteoglycan 4-beta-N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase |
| LPL | 3.1.1.34 | lipoprotein lipase |
Cohort genes with high screening signal
≥100 ChEMBL assays — a studied-ness signal; see Therapeutics for approved-drug status.
| Symbol | ChEMBL assays |
|---|---|
| EHMT2 | 442 |
| GRIN2A | 324 |
| CDK14 | 179 |
Pharmacogenomics
Cohort genes with a PharmGKB record: 21; with CPIC/DPWG dosing guidelines: 0.
No cohort gene has a CPIC/DPWG genotype-guided dosing guideline (PharmGKB).
Chemical tractability of cohort targets
30 approved/phased compounds have measured bioactivity against a cohort gene (and aren’t yet in disease-level trials). This is a research / tractability signal, NOT a therapeutic recommendation — a bioactivity row often reflects off-target or screening binding (e.g. promiscuous kinase inhibitors against a cohort kinase), implying no disease mechanism.
| Compound | Max phase | Cohort target (bioactivity) |
|---|---|---|
| RESERPINE | 4 | SLC18A1 |
| RALTITREXED | 4 | EHMT2 |
| TAZEMETOSTAT | 4 | EHMT2 |
| DISULFIRAM | 4 | EHMT2 |
| MEMANTINE HYDROCHLORIDE | 4 | GRIN2A |
| ESKETAMINE | 4 | GRIN2A |
| DEXTROMETHORPHAN | 4 | GRIN2A |
| PENTAMIDINE | 4 | GRIN2A |
| AMANTADINE | 4 | GRIN2A |
| KETAMINE | 4 | GRIN2A |
| CYCLOSERINE | 4 | GRIN2A |
| MEMANTINE | 4 | GRIN2A |
| TACRINE | 4 | GRIN2A |
| LEVORPHANOL | 4 | GRIN2A |
| CHLORPROMAZINE | 4 | GRIN2A |
| PROCYCLIDINE | 4 | GRIN2A |
| ORPHENADRINE | 4 | GRIN2A |
| ORLISTAT | 4 | LPL |
| ENOXACIN | 4 | ATP6V1B2 |
| FEDRATINIB | 4 | CDK14 |
| SORAFENIB | 4 | CDK14 |
| BOSUTINIB | 4 | CDK14 |
| NINTEDANIB | 4 | CDK14 |
| SUNITINIB | 4 | CDK14 |
| EBSELEN | 3 | EHMT2 |
| ESMETHADONE | 3 | GRIN2A |
| DALZANEMDOR | 3 | GRIN2A |
| LATREPIRDINE | 3 | GRIN2A |
| GLUTAMIC ACID | 3 | GRIN2A |
| ENZASTAURIN | 3 | CDK14 |
Druggability pyramid
Cohort genes binned by druggability tier (high → low):
| Tier | Definition | Genes | Symbols |
|---|---|---|---|
| A | Approved (phase 4 drug) | 6 | SLC18A1, EHMT2, GRIN2A, LPL, ATP6V1B2, CDK14 |
| B | Phased (≥1) drug, not yet approved | 0 | |
| C | Druggable family + PDB, no drug | 6 | UBE2L3, HLA-C, HLA-DPA1, HLA-DPB1, HLA-DQB1, HLA-DRB1 |
| D | Druggable family + AlphaFold only, no drug | 2 | CSGALNACT1, HLA-DQB2 |
| E | Difficult family or no structure, no drug | 7 | TCF19, LZTS1, AFG1L, KIF1B, INTS10, MIR219A1, HLA-DPA2 |
Undrugged target profiles
15 cohort genes are undrugged. Ranked by ‘starting-point quality’ (assay depth + drugged-partner adjacency).
| Symbol | ChEMBL assays | Drugged partners (top 3) |
|---|---|---|
| TCF19 | 0 | — |
| UBE2L3 | 2 | — |
| LZTS1 | 0 | — |
| AFG1L | 0 | — |
| KIF1B | 1 | — |
| CSGALNACT1 | 9 | — |
| INTS10 | 0 | — |
| MIR219A1 | 0 | — |
| HLA-C | 1 | — |
| HLA-DPA1 | 0 | — |
| HLA-DPA2 | 0 | — |
| HLA-DPB1 | 0 | — |
| HLA-DQB1 | 0 | — |
| HLA-DQB2 | 0 | — |
| HLA-DRB1 | 17 | — |
Clinical trials & evidence
Clinical trials
Clinical trials: 1,160.
Phase distribution (across all retrieved trials)
| Phase | Trials |
|---|---|
| Not specified | 361 |
| PHASE4 | 224 |
| PHASE3 | 181 |
| PHASE2 | 165 |
| PHASE1 | 123 |
| PHASE1/PHASE2 | 27 |
| PHASE2/PHASE3 | 14 |
| EARLY_PHASE1 | 5 |
Top trials by phase / activity
| NCT | Phase | Status | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| NCT02779465 | PHASE4 | NOT_YET_RECRUITING | Oral Vitamin D Treatment for the Prevention of Hepatocellular Carcinoma |
| NCT03753074 | PHASE4 | ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING | Effectiveness of TAF in Reducing Clinical Events in CHB Patients Beyond Treatment Indications by Current Guidelines |
| NCT03792919 | PHASE4 | RECRUITING | Cessation of Long Term NAs vs. Keeping on NAs Among CHB Patients (CNAVK) |
| NCT03933384 | PHASE4 | RECRUITING | Tenofovir Alafenamide Versus Entecavir for the Treatment of Chronic Hepatitis B |
| NCT04496882 | PHASE4 | ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING | Chronic Hepatitis b Patients Switch to tAf After Discontinuation of Nucleoside Analogue |
| NCT04588077 | PHASE4 | RECRUITING | Comparison Between 2-dose Versus 3-dose Regimens of Heplisav B in Cirrhosis |
| NCT05147090 | PHASE4 | ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING | Effects of Empagliflozin on Fibrosis and Cirrhosis in Chronic Hepatitis B Patients |
| NCT05410496 | PHASE4 | ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING | Tenofovir Alafenamide Switching Therapy in Kidney or Liver Transplant Recipients With Chronic HBV Infection |
| NCT05853718 | PHASE4 | RECRUITING | Study of Tenofovir Alafenamide in HBV-Infected Pregnant Women |
| NCT06084234 | PHASE4 | RECRUITING | National Liver Cancer Screening Trial |
| NCT06364930 | PHASE4 | RECRUITING | SGLT2i to Prevent of Liver Complications in Patients With CHB and Diabetes Mellitus |
| NCT06368882 | PHASE4 | RECRUITING | Efficacy and Safety of Antiviral Therapy With Peg-interferon for Chronic Hepatitis B Complicated With Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease(OCEAN PROJECT) |
| NCT06786429 | PHASE4 | NOT_YET_RECRUITING | Managing Hepatitis B (Hep. B) and Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) Related Cancers and Mental Health. |
| NCT06900166 | PHASE4 | NOT_YET_RECRUITING | Pegylated Interferon Alfa-2b in Reducing Relapse Rates After Nucleos(t)ide Analogue Withdrawal in HBeAg-negative CHB Patients with Low Level HBsAg |
| NCT07071636 | PHASE4 | NOT_YET_RECRUITING | Clinical Efficacy of Pegylated Interferon Alpha-2b Combined With Nucleos(t)Ide Analogues in the Treatment of Chronic Hepatitis B Patients |
| NCT07258251 | PHASE4 | NOT_YET_RECRUITING | Strengthening Hepatitis B Screening, Linkage to Care and Long-Term Monitoring in Phichit Province, Thailand: A Birth Bohort Approach |
| NCT07345611 | PHASE4 | NOT_YET_RECRUITING | Entecavir With or Without Pegylated Interferon α-2b in Children Aged 3-6 Years With Immune-Active Chronic Hepatitis B |
| NCT07345624 | PHASE4 | NOT_YET_RECRUITING | Entecavir With or Without Pegylated Interferon α-2b in Children Aged 3-6 Years With Immune-Tolerant Chronic Hepatitis B |
| NCT07573943 | PHASE4 | RECRUITING | ASC22 Combined With Peg-IFNa in Achieving Functional Cure in Patients With Chronic Hepatitis B Virus Infection |
| NCT00106964 | PHASE4 | COMPLETED | Comparison of Three Hepatitis B Vaccination Regimens in HIV-Positive Youth |
| NCT00117533 | PHASE4 | UNKNOWN | Pegylated Interferon Alfa-2b Plus Ribavirin in Chronic Hepatitis B and Delta |
| NCT00127959 | PHASE4 | COMPLETED | Virological and Clinical Anti-Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) Efficacy of Tenofovir and Emtricitabine in Patients With HIV/HBV co-Infection |
| NCT00169858 | PHASE4 | COMPLETED | Long Term Immunogenicity Study of Engerix-B Vaccine in 10 Year Old Children and the Effect of Booster Injections |
| NCT00186836 | PHASE4 | COMPLETED | Efficacy Study of Combined Hepatitis A and Hepatitis B Vaccine to Protect Against Hepatitis B in Hemodialysis Patients |
| NCT00197158 | PHASE4 | COMPLETED | Comparison of Monodose and Multidose Presentations of GSK Biologicals’ Hepatitis B Vaccine in Terms of Immune Response |
| NCT00222664 | PHASE4 | COMPLETED | Qidong Hepatitis B Intervention Study |
| NCT00226382 | PHASE4 | COMPLETED | Treatment With Peginterferon Alfa-2a (40 KD) of Chronic Hepatitis B Patients, Who Have Failed Anti-viral Treatment |
| NCT00230061 | PHASE4 | COMPLETED | Hepatitis B Vaccination in HIV-infected Persons |
| NCT00230477 | PHASE4 | COMPLETED | Hepsera Versus Hepsera Plus Lamivudine for Treatment of Chronic Hepatitis B in Patients With Normal ALT |
| NCT00240500 | PHASE4 | COMPLETED | Follow-up Study 16-20 Years After Primary Vaccination Against Hepatitis B of Newborns From HBeAg+ & HBsAg+ Mothers |
| NCT00240526 | PHASE4 | COMPLETED | LT F-up Study 16-20 Yrs After Vaccine Dose of Hepatitis B With/Without HBIg in Newborns to HBeAg+ Mothers |
| NCT00240539 | PHASE4 | COMPLETED | Long Term Follow-Up Study 16-20 Years After Hepatitis B Vaccination in Newborns of Mothers Who Were Seropositive for Hepatitis B Envelope Antigen (HBeAg) & Hepatitis B Surface Antigen (HBsAg) |
| NCT00289731 | PHASE4 | COMPLETED | Effect of Risk Factors Likely to Influence Immuno of Combined Hepatitis A & B Vacc vs Monovalent Hepatitis A & B Vacc |
| NCT00291616 | PHASE4 | COMPLETED | Efficacy Study of Thymosin alpha1 & Pegylated Interferon-alpha2a to Treat Chronic Hepatitis B |
| NCT00307242 | PHASE4 | COMPLETED | Study Comparing the Safety of Switching From Lamivudine to Adefovir Dipivoxil Versus Overlapping Lamivudine and Adefovir Before Adefovir Dipivoxil Monotherapy in Patients With Chronic Hepatitis B |
| NCT00324961 | PHASE4 | COMPLETED | Adefovir Dipivoxil Tablets (10mg) In Chinese Subjects With HBe Antigen Negative Chronic Hepatitis B |
| NCT00329576 | PHASE4 | COMPLETED | Evaluate Immune Response Approximately 5 to 6 Years After Receiving Different Formulations of GSK Bio Hep B Vaccine |
| NCT00335881 | PHASE4 | COMPLETED | Persistence of the Immune Response to Hepatitis B in 4-6 Years Old Children Previously Vaccinated With DTPa-HBV-IPV/Hib |
| NCT00338780 | PHASE4 | COMPLETED | Trial of Lamivudine Treatment in HBeAg Negative Chronic Hepatitis B Patients (in Asia) |
| NCT00347009 | PHASE4 | COMPLETED | Adefovir Dipivoxil For The Treatment Of Patients With Chronic Hepatitis B Related Advanced Fibrosis Or Cirrhosis |
Drugs tested across these trials (top 30)
Related Atlas pages
- Cohort genes: SLC18A1, TCF19, UBE2L3, LZTS1, EHMT2, AFG1L, KIF1B, CSGALNACT1, INTS10, MIR219A1, GRIN2A, HLA-C, HLA-DPA1, HLA-DPB1, HLA-DQB1, HLA-DQB2, HLA-DRB1, LPL, ATP6V1B2, CDK14
- Drugs: Entecavir, Tenofovir Disoproxil, Tenofovir Alafenamide, Hepatitis B Virus Hbsag Surface Protein Antigen, Telbivudine, Adefovir Dipivoxil, PEGINTERFERON ALFA-2A, Lamivudine, PEGINTERFERON ALFA-2B, STREPTOCOCCUS PNEUMONIAE POLYSACCHARIDE CONJUGATED TO CORYNEBACTERIUM DIPHTHERIAE CRM197, Terfenadine, Emtricitabine, Hepatitis B Immune Globulin, Rotavirus, Live Attenuated, Zidovudine, Abacavir, Albumin Human, Aldesleukin, Bulevirtide, Carbamazepine, Diphenhydramine, Efavirenz, Empagliflozin, Ethinyl Estradiol, Etravirine, HUMAN PAPILLOMAVIRUS, L1 PROTEIN VIRUS LIKE PARTICLES, Ibrutinib, Imiquimod, INTERFERON ALFA-2A, Ledipasvir