Hidradenitis suppurativa

Summary

Hidradenitis suppurativa (MONDO:0006559) is a disease with 42 GWAS associations across 10 studies and 256 clinical trials. Top therapeutic interventions include adalimumab, bimekizumab, and brodalumab. A subtype of hidradenitis — broader associated-gene and molecular evidence is on the parent page (see Disease family below).

At a glance

• GWAS associations: 42
• Clinical trials: 256

Clinical features

No curated clinical features (Orphanet) for this disease.

Identifiers

Disease identifiers

Field	Value
Canonical name	hidradenitis suppurativa
Mondo ID	MONDO:0006559
EFO	EFO:1000710
MeSH	D017497
Orphanet	387
DOID	DOID:2280
ICD-10-CM	L73.2
ICD-11	1621794154
SNOMED CT	59393003
UMLS	C0162836
MedGen	57993
Is cancer (heuristic)	no

Also known as: acne inversa · acne inversa, familial · ectopic acne · fox den disease · hidradenitis suppurativa · pyoderma fistulans significa · verneuil disease

Data availability: 42 GWAS associations (10 studies).

Disease family

This is a subtype of hidradenitis. Genetic, therapeutic, and trial evidence is largely curated at the broader-term level — see the parent page for the associated-gene cohort and molecular evidence.

Classification path: disease › human disease › disease by developmental or physiological process › inflammatory disease › hidradenitis › hidradenitis suppurativa

Subtypes (1): familial acne inversa

Genetics & variants

GWAS landscape

42 GWAS associations across 10 studies. Top hits map to 12 distinct genes (as reported by GWAS).

Top associations by p-value

rsID	p-value	Gene	Risk allele	Odds ratio
rs17226067	5e-13	RNU7-155P - MYL6P5	G	1.28
rs73994810	7e-13	RNU7-155P - MYL6P5	T	1.27
rs981625	8e-13	LINC00393	C	1.59
rs3129879	1e-12	HLA-DRA	A	0.82
rs142102013	2e-12	LINC00393	T	0.72
rs6457592	5e-12	HLA-DRA - HLA-DRB9	C	1.19
rs10512572	2e-11	RNU7-155P - MYL6P5	A	1.19
rs13302396	9e-11	RPL36P14 - RPL36AP35	T	1.19
rs1994799	1e-10	RPL36P14 - RPL36AP35	A	1.17
rs4713570	2e-10	HLA-DQA1 - HLA-DQB1	?
rs17090189	4e-10	LINC00393	?
rs1535620	7e-10	CHCHD4P2 - RPL36P14	G	1.17
rs9796066	1e-09	PIBF1	C	1.18
rs7048793	5e-09	CHCHD4P2 - RPL36P14	?
rs2097442	6e-09	HLA-DRA - HLA-DRB9	?
rs9265701	1e-08	LINC02571 - HLA-B	A	1.19
rs12100281	2e-08	LINC00393	A	1.31
rs10146136	2e-08	ATL1	A	1.25
rs116212806	2e-08	MOK	G	1.87
rs9901332	3e-08	SNHG16	T	1.54
rs11545042	3e-08	PRKAR1B	G	1.19
rs55676755	3e-08	CHRNA3	G	1.15
rs2596546	3e-08	HLA-B	?
rs2681502	4e-08	AADACL2-AS1	C	1.35
rs150315199	4e-08	MED15P5 - MTND1P29	G	1.94
rs11643425	5e-08	XYLT1	T	2.59
chr18:36276925	2e-07		A	1.12
chr18:36266634	4e-07		C	1.12
chr12:72761614	5e-07		A	1.24
chr12:72800071	6e-07		AT	1.25

Top studies (by case count)

Study	Lead author	Year	Cases	Controls	Title
GCST90726609	Peacker BL	2026	2,864	1,315,903	Multi-omics analyses prioritize disease genes and pathways in hidradenitis suppurativa.
GCST90837342	Argyropoulou M	2026	1,678	476,485	Genomic and proteomic insights into hidradenitis suppurativa.
GCST90652484	Broadaway KA	2025	1,218	48,545	Genomic loci and molecular genetic mechanisms for hidradenitis suppurativa.
GCST90652485	Broadaway KA	2025	1,218	48,545	Genomic loci and molecular genetic mechanisms for hidradenitis suppurativa.
GCST90281023	Sun Q	2023	317	3,868	Genetic Variants Associated With Hidradenitis Suppurativa.
GCST90487900	Moltrasio C	2024	256	1,397	Polygenic Score: A Tool for Evaluating the Genetic Background of Sporadic Hidradenitis Suppurativa.
GCST90281024	Sun Q	2023	247	0	Genetic Variants Associated With Hidradenitis Suppurativa.
GCST90726883	Kim HI	2026	218	43,808	Exome sequencing and analysis of 44,028 British South Asians enriched for high autozygosity.
GCST90652486	Broadaway KA	2025	0	0	Genomic loci and molecular genetic mechanisms for hidradenitis suppurativa.
GCST90278188	Sun Q	2023	0	0	Genetic Variants Associated With Hidradenitis Suppurativa.

Variant details and genetic-evidence tiers

Tier distribution (top 50 variants)

Tier	Variants
Tier 1: coding	0
Tier 2: splice/UTR	1
Tier 3: regulatory	0
Tier 4: intronic/intergenic	33

MAF distribution

Bucket	Variants
common (>=0.05)	24
low_freq (0.01-0.05)	2
rare (<0.01)	1
unknown	7

Functional consequences

Consequence	Count
intron_variant	20
unknown	7
intergenic_variant	4
synonymous_variant	1
non_coding_transcript_exon_variant	1
3_prime_UTR_variant	1

Top variants

rsID	Chr	Pos	Alleles	MAF	Consequence	Gene	p-value	Tier
rs17226067	17	71519473	A>C,G	0.16	intron_variant	RNU7-155P - MYL6P5	5e-13	Tier 4: intronic/intergenic
rs73994810	17	71514339	C>A,G,T	0.08	intron_variant	RNU7-155P - MYL6P5	7e-13	Tier 4: intronic/intergenic
rs981625	13	73465798	C>G	0.056	intron_variant	LINC00393	8e-13	Tier 4: intronic/intergenic
rs3129879	6	32441130	G>A	0.402	intron_variant	HLA-DRA	1e-12	Tier 4: intronic/intergenic
rs142102013	13	73453253	C>A,T	0.072	intron_variant	LINC00393	2e-12	Tier 4: intronic/intergenic
rs6457592	6	32458206	T>C,G	0.47	intron_variant	HLA-DRA - HLA-DRB9	5e-12	Tier 4: intronic/intergenic
rs10512572	17	71515958	G>A	0.13	intron_variant	RNU7-155P - MYL6P5	2e-11	Tier 4: intronic/intergenic
rs13302396	9	108644693	C>G,T	0.452	intergenic_variant	RPL36P14 - RPL36AP35	9e-11	Tier 4: intronic/intergenic
rs1994799	9	108669370	G>A,C	0.44	intergenic_variant	RPL36P14 - RPL36AP35	1e-10	Tier 4: intronic/intergenic
rs4713570	6	32658263	C>G,T	0.05	intergenic_variant	HLA-DQA1 - HLA-DQB1	2e-10	Tier 4: intronic/intergenic
rs17090189	13	73432270	A>G	0.05	intron_variant	LINC00393	4e-10	Tier 4: intronic/intergenic
rs1535620	9	108356760	G>A,C,T	0.49	intron_variant	CHCHD4P2 - RPL36P14	7e-10	Tier 4: intronic/intergenic
rs9796066	13	72895195	T>A,C,G	0.37	intron_variant	PIBF1	1e-09	Tier 4: intronic/intergenic
rs7048793	9	108399927	A>T	0.05	intron_variant	CHCHD4P2 - RPL36P14	5e-09	Tier 4: intronic/intergenic
rs2097442	6	32454414	G>A,T	0.05	intron_variant	HLA-DRA - HLA-DRB9	6e-09	Tier 4: intronic/intergenic
rs9265701	6	31333994	A>G,T	0.47	intron_variant	LINC02571 - HLA-B	1e-08	Tier 4: intronic/intergenic
rs12100281	13	73464788	G>A	0.09	intron_variant	LINC00393	2e-08	Tier 4: intronic/intergenic
rs10146136	14	50612708	G>A	0.13	intron_variant	ATL1	2e-08	Tier 4: intronic/intergenic
rs116212806	14	102252905	A>G	0.025	intron_variant	MOK	2e-08	Tier 4: intronic/intergenic
rs9901332	17	76656892	T>A,C	0.39	intron_variant	SNHG16	3e-08	Tier 4: intronic/intergenic
rs11545042	7	550562	A>G	0.162	synonymous_variant	PRKAR1B	3e-08	Tier 4: intronic/intergenic
rs55676755	15	78606590	C>G	0.331	intron_variant	CHRNA3	3e-08	Tier 4: intronic/intergenic
rs2596546	6	31361609	A>G	0.05	non_coding_transcript_exon_variant	HLA-B	3e-08	Tier 4: intronic/intergenic
rs2681502	3	151888193	T>C	0.06	intron_variant	AADACL2-AS1	4e-08	Tier 4: intronic/intergenic
rs150315199	2	130256019	A>C,G	0.013	intergenic_variant	MED15P5 - MTND1P29	4e-08	Tier 4: intronic/intergenic
rs11643425	16	17157935	G>A,T	0.003	intron_variant	XYLT1	5e-08	Tier 4: intronic/intergenic
chr18:36276925							2e-07	Tier 4: intronic/intergenic
chr18:36266634							4e-07	Tier 4: intronic/intergenic
chr12:72761614							5e-07	Tier 4: intronic/intergenic
chr12:72800071							6e-07	Tier 4: intronic/intergenic

Genes & proteins

No associated-gene cohort resolved for this disease. Atlas builds the molecular and therapeutic sections — associated genes, protein families, druggability, pathways, interactions, and drug associations — by aggregating over a disease’s associated genes (resolved via GWAS / GenCC / ClinVar / CIViC), and none resolved here. This is expected for antibody-mediated, autoimmune, or otherwise non-gene-defined conditions; the curated evidence for this disease is its clinical features, GWAS susceptibility, and clinical trials (above).

Function

No pathway enrichment — requires an associated-gene cohort.

Therapeutics

Drugs indicated for this disease

1 approved, 9 in late-stage (phase 3) trials. Disease-direct ChEMBL indications, not inferred from the associated-gene cohort below.

Drug	Development status
Adalimumab	Approved (phase 4)
Bimekizumab	Phase 3 (in late-stage trials)
Izokibep	Phase 3 (in late-stage trials)
Lutikizumab	Phase 3 (in late-stage trials)
M-1095	Phase 3 (in late-stage trials)
Metformin	Phase 3 (in late-stage trials)
Metronidazole	Phase 3 (in late-stage trials)
Povorcitinib	Phase 3 (in late-stage trials)
Secukinumab	Phase 3 (in late-stage trials)
Upadacitinib	Phase 3 (in late-stage trials)

Earlier-phase candidates (phase 2, investigational — efficacy not yet established): Anakinra, Anifrolumab, Apremilast, Avacopan, Bermekimab, Brepocitinib, Brodalumab, Cannabinol, Drospirenone, Etanercept, Ethinyl Estradiol, Fostamatinib, Guselkumab, Ianalumab, Imsidolimab, Infliximab, MAS-825, Risankizumab, Ruxolitinib, Sodium Chloride, Spesolimab, Ustekinumab, Vilobelimab.

Clinical trials & evidence

Clinical trials

Clinical trials: 256.

Phase distribution (across all retrieved trials)

Phase	Trials
Not specified	110
PHASE2	74
PHASE3	29
PHASE1	14
PHASE4	10
EARLY_PHASE1	10
PHASE1/PHASE2	6
PHASE2/PHASE3	3

Top trials by phase / activity

NCT	Phase	Status	Title
NCT07261072	PHASE4	NOT_YET_RECRUITING	Comparison of the Clinical Efficacy and Safety of Topical and Subcutaneous Injection of Secukinumab in HS
NCT07489573	PHASE4	NOT_YET_RECRUITING	Study of Efficacy and Safety of Secukinumab in Chinese Adult Patients With Moderate to Severe Hidradenitis Suppurativa
NCT07554014	PHASE4	NOT_YET_RECRUITING	A Single-center, Prospective, Self-controlled, Observational Real-world Study of the Efficacy and Safety of Anti-IL-17A/F Monoclonal Antibody Combined With Non-ablative Dot Laser for the Treatment of Mild to Moderate Hidradenitis Suppurativa
NCT02808975	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Safety and Efficacy of Adalimumab (Humira) for Hidradenitis Suppurativa (HS) Peri-Surgically
NCT03221621	PHASE4	UNKNOWN	Cost-effectiveness of Adalimumab and Surgery vs Adalimumab in HS
NCT04100083	PHASE4	WITHDRAWN	Spironolactone for Hidradenitis Suppurativa
NCT04132388	PHASE4	WITHDRAWN	Hidradenitis Suppurativa Patient Experience With Humira Treatment
NCT04582669	PHASE4	TERMINATED	Optimizing Intralesional Triamcinolone Dosing for Hidradenitis Suppurativa
NCT05477225	PHASE4	UNKNOWN	A Randomized, Controlled Trial Comparing the Use of a Biodegradable Temporizing Matrix to Cadaver Skin in the Reconstruction of Hidradenitis Suppurativa Excisions
NCT06237465	PHASE4	WITHDRAWN	Botulinum Toxin-A for Hidradenitis Suppurativa
NCT04179175	PHASE3	ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING	Extension Study to Assess Effects of Non-interrupted Versus Interrupted and Long Term Treatment of Two Dose Regimes of Secukinumab in Subjects With Hidradenitis Suppurativa
NCT04901195	PHASE3	ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING	A Study to Test the Long-term Treatment of Bimekizumab in Study Participants With Moderate to Severe Hidradenitis Suppurativa
NCT05821478	PHASE3	RECRUITING	Efficacy of an Adapted Antibiotherapy in Hurley Stage 2 Hidradenitis Suppurativa Patients
NCT05889182	PHASE3	RECRUITING	A Study to Assess Change in Disease Activity and Adverse Events of Oral Upadacitinib in Adult and Adolescent Participants With Moderate to Severe Hidradenitis Suppurativa Who Have Failed Anti-TNF Therapy
NCT06212999	PHASE3	ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING	A Study to Evaluate the Long-Term Safety and Efficacy of Povorcitinib in Participants With Moderate to Severe Hidradenitis Suppurativa
NCT06411379	PHASE3	ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING	Study to Evaluate the Efficacy and Safety of Subcutaneous Sonelokimab Compared With Placebo in Adult Participants With Moderate to Severe Hidradenitis Suppurativa
NCT06411899	PHASE3	ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING	A Study to Evaluate the Efficacy and Safety of Subcutaneous Sonelokimab Compared With Placebo in Adult Participants With Moderate to Severe Hidradenitis Suppurativa
NCT06468228	PHASE3	ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING	A Study to Assess Disease Activity and Safety of Lutikizumab in Adult and Adolescent Participants With Moderate to Severe Hidradenitis Suppurativa
NCT06768671	PHASE3	ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING	An Open-label, Single-arm Study to Evaluate Pharmacokinetics and Safety of Subcutaneous Sonelokimab in Adolescents With Moderate to Severe Hidradenitis Suppurativa (VELA-TEEN)
NCT06799000	PHASE3	ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING	A Phase 3 Study to Assess Efficacy Safety and Tolerability of Remibrutinib in Adult and Adolescent Patients With Moderate to Severe Hidradenitis Suppurativa (RECHARGE 1)
NCT06840392	PHASE3	RECRUITING	A Phase 3 Study to Assess Efficacy Safety and Tolerability of Remibrutinib in Adult and Adolescent Patients With Moderate to Severe Hidradenitis Suppurativa
NCT06855498	PHASE3	RECRUITING	Rollover Study for Participants Previously Enrolled in Clinical Trials of Povorcitinib
NCT06921850	PHASE3	RECRUITING	A Study to Assess the Pharmacokinetics and Safety of Bimekizumab in Children and Adolescents With Moderate to Severe Hidradenitis Suppurativa
NCT06958211	PHASE3	RECRUITING	Study to Evaluate the Efficacy and Safety of Ruxolitinib Cream in Participants With Hidradenitis Suppurativa (TRuE-HS2)
NCT06959225	PHASE3	RECRUITING	Study to Evaluate the Efficacy and Safety of Ruxolitinib Cream in Participants With Hidradenitis Suppurativa (TRuE-HS1)
NCT07007637	PHASE3	ENROLLING_BY_INVITATION	A Study to Evaluate the Long-term Safety, Tolerability, and Efficacy of Subcutaneous Sonelokimab in Participants With Moderate to Severe Hidradenitis Suppurativa
NCT07287644	PHASE2/PHASE3	RECRUITING	A Study Evaluating BFB759 in Moderate to Severe Hidradenitis Suppurativa
NCT00367328	PHASE3	TERMINATED	To Determine the Efficacy of a Laser Device for the Treatment of Hidradenitis Suppurativa
NCT01468207	PHASE3	COMPLETED	Efficacy and Safety Study of Adalimumab in Treatment of Hidradenitis Suppurativa
NCT01468233	PHASE3	COMPLETED	Efficacy and Safety Study of Adalimumab in the Treatment of Hidradenitis Suppurativa
NCT01635764	PHASE3	COMPLETED	Open-label Study of the Safety and Efficacy of Adalimumab in the Treatment of Hidradenitis Suppurativa
NCT02904902	PHASE3	COMPLETED	Open-label Study of Adalimumab in Japanese Subjects With Hidradenitis Suppurativa
NCT03713619	PHASE3	COMPLETED	This Was a Study of Efficacy and Safety of Two Secukinumab Dose Regimens in Subjects With Moderate to Severe Hidradenitis Suppurativa (HS).
NCT03713632	PHASE3	COMPLETED	Study of Efficacy and Safety of Two Secukinumab Dose Regimens in Subjects With Moderate to Severe Hidradenitis Suppurativa (HS)
NCT04242446	PHASE3	COMPLETED	A Study to Evaluate the Efficacy and Safety of Bimekizumab in Study Participants With Moderate to Severe Hidradenitis Suppurativa
NCT04242498	PHASE3	COMPLETED	A Study to Evaluate the Efficacy and Safety of Bimekizumab in Study Participants With Moderate to Severe Hidradenitis Suppurativa
NCT04649502	PHASE3	COMPLETED	Metformin for the Treatment of Hidradenitis Suppurativa (HS)
NCT05620823	PHASE3	COMPLETED	A Study to Evaluate the Efficacy and Safety of Povorcitinib (INCB054707) in Participants With Moderate to Severe Hidradenitis Suppurativa
NCT05620836	PHASE3	COMPLETED	A Study to Evaluate the Efficacy and Safety of Povorcitinib (INCB054707) in Participants With Moderate to Severe Hidradenitis Suppurativa (HS)
NCT05819398	PHASE2/PHASE3	COMPLETED	Lunsayil 1: A Study to Test Whether Spesolimab Helps People With a Skin Disease Called Hidradenitis Suppurativa

Drugs tested across these trials (top 30)

Molecule	Max phase	Trials referencing
ADALIMUMAB	4	15
BIMEKIZUMAB	4	6
BRODALUMAB	4	4
SECUKINUMAB	4	4
CRAVACITINIB	4	3
SPESOLIMAB	4	3
ANAKINRA	4	2
APREMILAST	4	2
FOSTAMATINIB	4	2
GUSELKUMAB	4	2
ROFLUMILAST	4	2
RUXOLITINIB	4	2
UPADACITINIB	4	2
ANIFROLUMAB	4	1
AVACOPAN	4	1
BOTULINUM TOXIN TYPE A	4	1
CEFTRIAXONE SODIUM	4	1
CLINDAMYCIN HYDROCHLORIDE	4	1
DROSPIRENONE	4	1
EFALIZUMAB	4	1
ERTAPENEM	4	1
GENTIAN VIOLET	4	1
LIDOCAINE HYDROCHLORIDE	4	1
RIFAMPIN	4	1
RIMABOTULINUMTOXINB	4	1
RISANKIZUMAB	4	1
RITLECITINIB	4	1
SPIRONOLACTONE	4	1
TOFACITINIB CITRATE	4	1
TRIAMCINOLONE	4	1