isolated growth hormone deficiency type IA

disease
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Also known as congenital IGHDcongenital IGHD type IAcongenital isolated GH deficiencycongenital isolated GH deficiency type IAcongenital isolated growth hormone deficiencycongenital isolated growth hormone deficiency type IAGrowth hormone deficiency, isolated autosomal recessivegrowth hormone deficiency, isolated, type IAIGHD1AILLIG type growth hormone deficiencyIllig-type growth hormone deficiencyisolated growth hormone deficiency type 1Aisolated growth hormone deficiency, type IAnon-acquired isolated growth hormone deficiencypituitary dwarfism 1primordial dwarfismsexual ateleiotic dwarfism

Summary

isolated growth hormone deficiency type IA (MONDO:0009876) is a disease caused by GH1 (GenCC Definitive), with 8 cohort genes.

At a glance

  • Causal gene: GH1 (GenCC Definitive)
  • Cohort genes: 8
  • ClinVar variants: 25

Clinical features

No curated clinical features (Orphanet) for this disease.

Identifiers

Disease identifiers

FieldValue
Canonical nameisolated growth hormone deficiency type IA
Mondo IDMONDO:0009876
MeSHC537404
OMIM262400
Orphanet231662
DOIDDOID:0060873
SNOMED CT237837007
UMLSC0342573
MedGen90986
GARD0007399
Is cancer (heuristic)no

Also known as: congenital IGHD · congenital IGHD type IA · congenital isolated GH deficiency · congenital isolated GH deficiency type IA · congenital isolated growth hormone deficiency · congenital isolated growth hormone deficiency type IA · Growth hormone deficiency, isolated autosomal recessive · growth hormone deficiency, isolated, type IA · IGHD1A · ILLIG type growth hormone deficiency · Illig-type growth hormone deficiency · isolated growth hormone deficiency type 1A · isolated growth hormone deficiency type IA · isolated growth hormone deficiency, type IA · non-acquired isolated growth hormone deficiency · pituitary dwarfism 1 · primordial dwarfism · sexual ateleiotic dwarfism

Data availability: 25 ClinVar variants · 5 GenCC gene-disease records.

Disease family

Classification path: disease › human disease › disease by body system or component › nervous system disordercongenital nervous system disordercombined pituitary hormone deficiencies, genetic formisolated congenital growth hormone deficiencyisolated growth hormone deficiency type IA

Related subtypes (6): isolated growth hormone deficiency type II, short stature due to growth hormone qualitative anomaly, isolated growth hormone deficiency type III, isolated growth hormone deficiency type IB, isolated growth hormone deficiency, type 4, isolated growth hormone deficiency, type 5

Genetics & variants

GWAS landscape

No GWAS associations recorded — common-variant (GWAS) studies don’t cover this disease (typical for Mendelian / rare diseases). See the curated gene cohort and Mendelian overlap below.

Variant details and genetic-evidence tiers

ClinVar germline variants

25 retrieved; paginated sample, class counts are floors:

10 pathogenic, 9 uncertain significance, 2 pathogenic/likely pathogenic, 2 benign/likely benign, 1 likely pathogenic, 1 conflicting classifications of pathogenicity

ClinVarVariant (HGVS)GeneClassificationReview
127241NM_000059.4(BRCA2):c.9152del (p.Pro3051fs)BRCA2Pathogenicreviewed by expert panel
127249NM_014171.6(CRIPT):c.133_134insGG (p.Ala45fs)CRIPTPathogenicno assertion criteria provided
127250NM_014171.6(CRIPT):c.141del (p.Phe47fs)CRIPTPathogenicno assertion criteria provided
143932NM_001080449.3(DNA2):c.3114+6delDNA2Pathogenic/Likely pathogenicno assertion criteria provided
15970NM_000515.5(GH1):c.291+1G>AGH-LCRPathogeniccriteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts
15962NM_000515.5(GH1):c.245_246del (p.Glu82fs)GH1Pathogenicno assertion criteria provided
15963NM_000515.5(GH1):c.59G>A (p.Trp20Ter)GH1Pathogeniccriteria provided, single submitter
15964GH1, 6.7-KB DELGH1Pathogenicno assertion criteria provided
15965NM_000515.5(GH1):c.52del (p.Leu18fs)GH1Pathogenicno assertion criteria provided
2431647NC_000017.11:g.(63914995_63921260)delGH1Pathogeniccriteria provided, single submitter
37062NM_015426.5(POC1A):c.241C>T (p.Arg81Ter)POC1APathogeniccriteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts
127246NM_003401.5(XRCC4):c.127T>C (p.Trp43Arg)XRCC4Pathogenic/Likely pathogeniccriteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts
1013138NM_000515.5(GH1):c.178G>A (p.Ala60Thr)GH1Likely pathogeniccriteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts
1723212NM_000515.5(GH1):c.11-8C>TCSHL1Conflicting classifications of pathogenicitycriteria provided, conflicting classifications
1033063NM_000515.5(GH1):c.188_195delinsTGAAGGAG (p.Pro63Leu)GH-LCRUncertain significancecriteria provided, single submitter
15966NM_000515.5(GH1):c.456+1G>CGH-LCRUncertain significancecriteria provided, single submitter
3582621NM_000515.5(GH1):c.595G>C (p.Val199Leu)GH-LCRUncertain significancecriteria provided, single submitter
431860NM_000515.5(GH1):c.217A>G (p.Asn73Asp)GH-LCRUncertain significancecriteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts
892518NM_000515.5(GH1):c.350A>G (p.Gln117Arg)GH-LCRUncertain significancecriteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts
982612NM_000515.5(GH1):c.502A>T (p.Thr168Ser)GH-LCRUncertain significancecriteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts
1030836NM_000515.5(GH1):c.588G>A (p.Met196Ile)GH1Uncertain significancecriteria provided, single submitter
3234046NM_000515.5(GH1):c.47_55del (p.Leu16_Leu18del)GH1Uncertain significancecriteria provided, single submitter
3582622NM_000515.5(GH1):c.346G>A (p.Val116Met)GH1Uncertain significancecriteria provided, single submitter
1635025NM_000515.5(GH1):c.456+19G>TGH-LCRBenign/Likely benigncriteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts
284727NM_000515.5(GH1):c.116C>T (p.Ala39Val)GH-LCRBenign/Likely benigncriteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts

Genes & proteins

Mendelian disease overlap and somatic drivers

GenCC: 16 · Orphanet: 24 · OMIM-shared: 0 · Dual-evidence (GWAS+Mendelian): 0

GenCC gene–disease validity (cohort genes)

the Disease column is the GenCC-asserted condition — a cohort gene’s strongest validity may be for a related predisposition syndrome.

GeneClassificationInheritanceDiseaseRecords
GH1DefinitiveAutosomal recessiveisolated growth hormone deficiency type IA11
RNPC3DefinitiveAutosomal recessiveisolated growth hormone deficiency, type 55

Orphanet rare-disease linkage (cohort genes)

GeneOrphanet IDRare disease
GH1Orphanet:231662Isolated growth hormone deficiency type IA
GH1Orphanet:231671Isolated growth hormone deficiency type IB
GH1Orphanet:231679Isolated growth hormone deficiency type II
GH1Orphanet:629Short stature due to growth hormone qualitative anomaly
RNPC3Orphanet:231662Isolated growth hormone deficiency type IA
BRCA2Orphanet:1331Familial prostate cancer
BRCA2Orphanet:1333Familial pancreatic carcinoma
BRCA2Orphanet:145Hereditary breast and/or ovarian cancer syndrome
BRCA2Orphanet:178Chordoma
BRCA2Orphanet:227535Hereditary breast cancer
BRCA2Orphanet:319462Inherited cancer-predisposing syndrome due to biallelic BRCA2 mutations
BRCA2Orphanet:440437Familial colorectal cancer Type X
BRCA2Orphanet:654Nephroblastoma
BRCA2Orphanet:667662Breast implant-associated anaplastic large cell lymphoma
BRCA2Orphanet:694963Inflammatory breast cancer
BRCA2Orphanet:70567Cholangiocarcinoma
BRCA2Orphanet:84Fanconi anemia
XRCC4Orphanet:436182Microcephalic primordial dwarfism-insulin resistance syndrome
XRCC4Orphanet:99812LIG4 syndrome
CRIPTOrphanet:715640Rothmund-Thomson syndrome type 3
POC1AOrphanet:314394Short stature-onychodysplasia-facial dysmorphism-hypotrichosis syndrome
DNA2Orphanet:352470DNA2-related mitochondrial DNA deletion syndrome
DNA2Orphanet:715635Rothmund-Thomson syndrome type 4
DNA2Orphanet:808Seckel syndrome

Cohort genes → proteins

8 cohort genes, 8 distinct canonical proteins.

Evidence partition

SubsetGenes
multi_evidence8

Cohort genes (full)

SymbolHGNCEnsemblUniProtNameEvidence
GH1HGNC:4261ENSG00000259384P01241Somatotropingencc,clinvar
RNPC3HGNC:18666ENSG00000185946Q96LT9RNA-binding region-containing protein 3gencc
BRCA2HGNC:1101ENSG00000139618P51587Breast cancer type 2 susceptibility proteinclinvar
XRCC4HGNC:12831ENSG00000152422Q13426DNA repair protein XRCC4clinvar
CRIPTHGNC:14312ENSG00000119878Q9P021Cysteine-rich PDZ-binding proteinclinvar
CSHL1HGNC:2442ENSG00000204414Q14406Chorionic somatomammotropin hormone-like 1clinvar
POC1AHGNC:24488ENSG00000164087Q8NBT0POC1 centriolar protein homolog Aclinvar
DNA2HGNC:2939ENSG00000138346P51530DNA replication ATP-dependent helicase/nuclease DNA2clinvar

Cohort function summary

Lead sentence per gene, UniProt-curated.

SymbolProtein nameFunction (lead sentence)
GH1SomatotropinPlays an important role in growth control.
RNPC3RNA-binding region-containing protein 3Participates in pre-mRNA U12-dependent splicing, performed by the minor spliceosome which removes U12-type introns.
BRCA2Breast cancer type 2 susceptibility proteinInvolved in double-strand break repair and/or homologous recombination.
XRCC4DNA repair protein XRCC4DNA non-homologous end joining (NHEJ) core factor, required for double-strand break repair and V(D)J recombination.
CRIPTCysteine-rich PDZ-binding proteinAs a component of the minor spliceosome, involved in the splicing of U12-type introns in pre-mRNAs.
CSHL1Chorionic somatomammotropin hormone-like 1May be a novel gestational hormone required to compensate for absence of other members of the GH/CS cluster during gestation.
POC1APOC1 centriolar protein homolog APlays an important role in centriole assembly and/or stability and ciliogenesis.
DNA2DNA replication ATP-dependent helicase/nuclease DNA2Key enzyme involved in DNA replication and DNA repair in nucleus and mitochondrion.

Protein-family classification

Druggable: 0 · Difficult: 2 · Unknown: 6 · Druggable fraction: 0.0

Family distribution

Cohort families vs a genome-wide background (hypergeometric, BH-FDR; fold = observed/expected). Counts kept; sorted by enrichment, so the catch-all Other/Unknown bucket no longer leads.

FamilyGenesFoldFDR
Scaffold/PPI24.3×0.148
Other/Unknown61.3×0.234

Per-gene assignment

SymbolFamilyDruggable?ECInterPro (top 3)
GH1Other/UnknownnoSomatotropin/Prolactin, 4_helix_cytokine-like_core, Somatotropin_CS
RNPC3Other/UnknownnoRRM_dom, Nucleotide-bd_a/b_plait_sf, RBM40_RRM1
BRCA2Other/UnknownnoBRCA2_repeat, NA-bd_OB-fold, BRCA2_OB_1
XRCC4Other/UnknownnoXRCC4_N_sf, DNA_repair_prot_XRCC4, XRCC4-like_C
CRIPTScaffold/PPInoPDZ-binding_CRIPT
CSHL1Other/UnknownnoSomatotropin/Prolactin, 4_helix_cytokine-like_core, Somatotropin_CS
POC1AScaffold/PPInoWD40_rpt, WD40/YVTN_repeat-like_dom_sf, WD40_repeat_CS
DNA2Other/UnknownnoPDDEXK-like_dom_sf, DNA_replication_fac_Dna2_N, Dna2/JHS1_DEXXQ-box

Expression context

Cohort genes with no expression data: 0.

6 cohort genes are a single-cell marker in ≥1 SCXA experiment.

Breadth distribution (Bgee present_calls)

BucketGenes
narrow (1-5 tissues)0
moderate (6-20)0
broad (>20)8
unknown0

Top tissues across cohort

TissueCohort genes
male germ line stem cell (sensu Vertebrata) in testis3
adenohypophysis2
pituitary gland2
caput epididymis2
corpus epididymis2
secondary oocyte2
ventricular zone2
primordial germ cell in gonad2
right uterine tube1
monocyte1
mononuclear cell1
endothelial cell1
placenta1
pancreatic ductal cell1
Brodmann (1909) area 101

Per-gene tissue summary (top 30)

SymbolBgee breadthFANTOM5 breadthSCXATop tissues
GH1119tissue_specificyespituitary gland, adenohypophysis, male germ line stem cell (sensu Vertebrata) in testis
RNPC3256ubiquitousmarkercaput epididymis, corpus epididymis, right uterine tube
BRCA2184ubiquitousmarkermale germ line stem cell (sensu Vertebrata) in testis, secondary oocyte, ventricular zone
XRCC4234ubiquitousmarkermale germ line stem cell (sensu Vertebrata) in testis, monocyte, mononuclear cell
CRIPT284ubiquitousmarkerendothelial cell, corpus epididymis, caput epididymis
CSHL129tissue_specificyesplacenta, adenohypophysis, pituitary gland
POC1A164ubiquitousmarkerpancreatic ductal cell, ventricular zone, primordial germ cell in gonad
DNA2192ubiquitousmarkersecondary oocyte, primordial germ cell in gonad, Brodmann (1909) area 10

Protein interactions among cohort

Intra-cohort edges: 1.

Hub genes (top 10 by interactor count)

SymbolInteractor count
BRCA24,839
DNA22,792
POC1A2,588
RNPC31,863
XRCC41,494
GH11,007
CRIPT901
CSHL1441

Intra-cohort edges

ABSources
GH1RNPC3string_interaction

Structural data

PDB: 6 · AlphaFold-only: 2 · No structure: 0

Cohort genes with PDB structures (top 30)

SymbolUniProtPDB entries
XRCC4Q1342635
BRCA2P5158714
GH1P0124110
RNPC3Q96LT92
CRIPTQ9P0211
DNA2P515301

AlphaFold-only cohort genes (top 30 by pLDDT)

SymbolUniProtpLDDT
POC1AQ8NBT085.17
CSHL1Q1440675.99

Function

Pathway analysis

Distinct Reactome pathways touched by cohort: 47. Enrichment computed across 8 evidence-associated genes (5 with Reactome annotation).

Pathways by enrichment

Over-representation of cohort genes vs the genome-wide background (hypergeometric test, Benjamini-Hochberg FDR; fold = observed/expected over 5 annotated cohort genes). Counts and members are kept as ground-truth; sorted by enrichment.

PathwayCohort genesFoldFDRSample cohort genes
Impaired BRCA2 binding to PALB22182.7×5e-04BRCA2, DNA2
Defective homologous recombination repair (HRR) due to BRCA1 loss of function2169.2×5e-04BRCA2, DNA2
Defective HDR through Homologous Recombination Repair (HRR) due to PALB2 loss of BRCA1 binding function2169.2×5e-04BRCA2, DNA2
Defective HDR through Homologous Recombination Repair (HRR) due to PALB2 loss of BRCA2/RAD51/RAD51C binding function2169.2×5e-04BRCA2, DNA2
Resolution of D-loop Structures through Synthesis-Dependent Strand Annealing (SDSA)2157.5×5e-04BRCA2, DNA2
Homologous DNA Pairing and Strand Exchange2152.3×5e-04BRCA2, DNA2
Impaired BRCA2 binding to RAD512123.5×6e-04BRCA2, DNA2
Resolution of D-loop Structures through Holliday Junction Intermediates2120.2×6e-04BRCA2, DNA2
Presynaptic phase of homologous DNA pairing and strand exchange2108.8×7e-04BRCA2, DNA2
HDR through Homologous Recombination (HRR)276.1×0.001BRCA2, DNA2
Impaired BRCA2 translocation to the nucleus1761.3×0.005BRCA2
Impaired BRCA2 binding to SEM1 (DSS1)1761.3×0.005BRCA2
2-LTR circle formation1326.3×0.011XRCC4
Defective homologous recombination repair (HRR) due to PALB2 loss of function1190.3×0.016BRCA2
HDR through MMEJ (alt-NHEJ)1175.7×0.016BRCA2
Removal of the Flap Intermediate1163.1×0.016DNA2
Diseases of DNA Double-Strand Break Repair1163.1×0.016BRCA2
Defective homologous recombination repair (HRR) due to BRCA2 loss of function1163.1×0.016BRCA2
Prolactin receptor signaling1152.3×0.016GH1
Removal of the Flap Intermediate from the C-strand1126.9×0.018DNA2
Resolution of D-Loop Structures1126.9×0.018BRCA2
Synthesis, secretion, and deacylation of Ghrelin1120.2×0.018GH1
Diseases of DNA repair1114.2×0.018BRCA2
Growth hormone receptor signaling195.2×0.020GH1
Homology Directed Repair161.7×0.029BRCA2
HDR through Homologous Recombination (HRR) or Single Strand Annealing (SSA)161.7×0.029BRCA2
HDR through Single Strand Annealing (SSA)158.6×0.029DNA2
Meiosis157.1×0.029BRCA2
Peptide hormone metabolism154.4×0.030GH1
DNA Double-Strand Break Repair149.6×0.031BRCA2

GO biological processes by enrichment

Over-representation of cohort genes vs the genome-wide background (hypergeometric test, Benjamini-Hochberg FDR; fold = observed/expected over 8 annotated cohort genes). Counts and members are kept as ground-truth; sorted by enrichment.

GO termCohort genesFoldFDRSample cohort genes
growth hormone receptor signaling pathway2300.9×0.001GH1, CSHL1
response to X-ray2221.7×0.001BRCA2, XRCC4
animal organ development2183.2×0.001GH1, CSHL1
base-excision repair2117.0×0.002XRCC4, DNA2
positive regulation of receptor signaling pathway via JAK-STAT2108.0×0.002GH1, CSHL1
response to nutrient levels291.6×0.003GH1, CSHL1
DNA replication, Okazaki fragment processing12106.5×0.005DNA2
double-strand break repair250.8×0.006BRCA2, XRCC4
mitotic recombination-dependent replication fork processing11053.2×0.008BRCA2
growth plate cartilage chondrocyte development1702.2×0.008POC1A
positive regulation of ligase activity1702.2×0.008XRCC4
bone maturation1702.2×0.008GH1
mitotic telomere maintenance via semi-conservative replication1702.2×0.008DNA2
DNA double-strand break attachment to nuclear envelope1702.2×0.008XRCC4
DNA replication, removal of RNA primer1526.6×0.009DNA2
regulation of postsynaptic density protein 95 clustering1526.6×0.009CRIPT
positive regulation of centrosome duplication1421.3×0.009POC1A
negative regulation of mammary gland epithelial cell proliferation1421.3×0.009BRCA2
replication fork reversal1421.3×0.009DNA2
telomere maintenance via semi-conservative replication1351.1×0.010DNA2
immunoglobulin V(D)J recombination1351.1×0.010XRCC4
mitochondrial DNA repair1300.9×0.011DNA2
positive regulation of D-glucose transmembrane transport1263.3×0.011GH1
DNA geometric change1263.3×0.011DNA2
establishment of protein localization to telomere1263.3×0.011BRCA2
RNA splicing222.1×0.011CRIPT, RNPC3
response to UV-C1210.7×0.013BRCA2
telomere maintenance via recombination1191.5×0.013BRCA2
DNA double-strand break processing1191.5×0.013DNA2
mitochondrial DNA replication1191.5×0.013DNA2

Therapeutics

Drug target analysis

Approved (phase 4): 0 · Phase ≥3: 0 · Phased (≥1): 0 · Undrugged: 8

Druggability breadth: 2 of 8 evidence-associated genes (25%) have a ChEMBL target (buckets above are over the deeply-mined display cohort).

Top cohort targets by molecule count

SymbolMoleculesMax phase
GH100
RNPC300
BRCA200
XRCC400
CRIPT00
CSHL100
POC1A00
DNA200

Bioactivity and enzyme data

Enzyme cohort genes (≥1 EC): 0.

Cohort genes with ChEMBL bioactivity (full, sorted by assay count)

SymbolAssaysType breakdown
DNA223Binding:23
XRCC41Binding:1

Pharmacogenomics

Cohort genes with a PharmGKB record: 8; with CPIC/DPWG dosing guidelines: 0.

No cohort gene has a CPIC/DPWG genotype-guided dosing guideline (PharmGKB).

Chemical tractability of cohort targets

0 approved/phased compounds have measured bioactivity against a cohort gene (and aren’t yet in disease-level trials). This is a research / tractability signal, NOT a therapeutic recommendation — a bioactivity row often reflects off-target or screening binding (e.g. promiscuous kinase inhibitors against a cohort kinase), implying no disease mechanism.

Druggability pyramid

Cohort genes binned by druggability tier (high → low):

TierDefinitionGenesSymbols
AApproved (phase 4 drug)0
BPhased (≥1) drug, not yet approved0
CDruggable family + PDB, no drug0
DDruggable family + AlphaFold only, no drug0
EDifficult family or no structure, no drug8GH1, RNPC3, BRCA2, XRCC4, CRIPT, CSHL1, POC1A, DNA2

Undrugged target profiles

8 cohort genes are undrugged. Ranked by ‘starting-point quality’ (assay depth + drugged-partner adjacency).

SymbolChEMBL assaysDrugged partners (top 3)
GH10
RNPC30
BRCA20
XRCC41
CRIPT0
CSHL10
POC1A0
DNA223

Clinical trials & evidence

Clinical trials

Clinical trials: 0.