long QT syndrome
diseaseOn this page
Also known as ventricular arrhythmia associated with long QT syndrome
Summary
long QT syndrome (MONDO:0002442) is a disease with 75 cohort genes and 66 clinical trials. The dominant Reactome pathway is Muscle contraction (23 cohort genes). Top therapeutic interventions include ibutilide, progesterone, and dofetilide.
At a glance
- Cohort genes: 75
- ClinVar variants: 13,505
- Clinical trials: 66
Clinical features
No curated clinical features (Orphanet) for this disease.
Identifiers
Disease identifiers
| Field | Value |
|---|---|
| Canonical name | long QT syndrome |
| Mondo ID | MONDO:0002442 |
| MeSH | D008133 |
| DOID | DOID:2843 |
| ICD-10-CM | I45.81 |
| NCIT | C34786 |
| UMLS | C0023976 |
| MedGen | 44193 |
| GARD | 0027044 |
| Is cancer (heuristic) | no |
Also known as: long QT syndrome · ventricular arrhythmia associated with long QT syndrome
Data availability: 13,505 ClinVar variants · 1 GenCC gene-disease record · 4 cell lines.
Disease family
An umbrella term covering 1 Mondo subtype.
Classification path: disease › human disease › disease by body system or component › syndromic disease › long QT syndrome
Related subtypes (1183): Neu-Laxova syndrome, inclusion body myopathy with Paget disease of bone and frontotemporal dementia, syndromic intellectual disability, abdominal obesity-metabolic syndrome, fibrogenesis imperfecta ossium, Fanconi renotubular syndrome, palindromic rheumatism, hepatorenal syndrome, Potter sequence, vertebral artery insufficiency, sick sinus syndrome, Tietze syndrome, toxic shock syndrome, capillary leak syndrome, dumping syndrome, FG syndrome, basilar artery insufficiency, Treacher-Collins syndrome, superior mesenteric artery syndrome, disappearing bone disease, Brown-Sequard syndrome, Froelich syndrome, diffuse infiltrative lymphocytosis syndrome, Capgras syndrome, compartment syndrome, central sleep apnea syndrome, irritable bowel syndrome, nephrotic syndrome, myalgic encephalomeyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome, acute coronary syndrome, fibromyalgia, substance withdrawal syndrome, acute chest syndrome, Barre-Lieou syndrome, cauda equina syndrome, Kluver-Bucy syndrome, Miller Fisher syndrome, persian gulf syndrome, Reye syndrome, thoracic outlet syndrome, Waterhouse-Friderichsen syndrome, Wissler syndrome, acute respiratory distress syndrome, Achenbach syndrome, miliaria, anterior spinal artery syndrome, burning mouth syndrome, dry eye syndrome, empty sella syndrome, euthyroid sick syndrome, lateral medullary syndrome, subclavian steal syndrome, tarsal tunnel syndrome, tethered spinal cord syndrome, branchio-oto-renal syndrome, prune belly syndrome, Achard syndrome, alopecia-epilepsy-pyorrhea-intellectual disability syndrome, Finnish type amyloidosis, Angelman syndrome, aniridia-absent patella syndrome, ankyloblepharon filiforme adnatum-cleft palate syndrome, Townes-Brocks syndrome, obstructive sleep apnea syndrome, Lown-Ganong-Levine syndrome, Behcet disease, brachydactyly-arterial hypertension syndrome, brachydactyly type A2, fibular aplasia-ectrodactyly syndrome, brachydactyly-nystagmus-cerebellar ataxia syndrome, Sillence syndrome, Brachymorphism-onychodysplasia-dysphalangism syndrome, brachytelephalangy-dysmorphism-Kallmann syndrome, dilated cardiomyopathy 1A, cat-eye syndrome, cerebrocostomandibular syndrome, Alagille syndrome, autosomal dominant chondrodysplasia punctata, cleidocranial dysplasia 1, cleidorhizomelic syndrome, cochleosaccular degeneration-cataract syndrome, renal coloboma syndrome, Cri-du-chat syndrome, autosomal dominant deafness - onychodystrophy syndrome, cerebral arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy, Duane retraction syndrome, 3-M syndrome, dyschondrosteosis-nephritis syndrome, hereditary benign intraepithelial dyskeratosis, encephalopathy, recurrent, of childhood, Camurati-Engelmann disease, Felty syndrome, chromosome 16p12.1 deletion syndrome, 520kb, Frasier syndrome, Gamstorp-Wohlfart syndrome, Tourette syndrome, glaucoma-sleep apnea syndrome, renal cysts and diabetes syndrome, hypotrichosis-lymphedema-telangiectasia syndrome (grouping), GMS syndrome, gray platelet syndrome, hand-foot-genital syndrome, facial hemiatrophy, Bencze syndrome, alpha thalassemia-intellectual disability syndrome type 1, Gilbert syndrome, mullerian duct anomalies-limb anomalies syndrome, hypoparathyroidism-deafness-renal disease syndrome, chromosome 18p deletion syndrome, Pallister-Hall syndrome, ichthyosis-cheek-eyebrow syndrome, Jacobsen syndrome, palmoplantar keratoderma-hereditary motor and sensory neuropathy syndrome, palmoplantar keratoderma-esophageal carcinoma syndrome, Kleine-Levin syndrome, angioosteohypertrophic syndrome, congenital laryngeal web, Lenz-Majewski hyperostotic dwarfism, Noonan syndrome with multiple lentigines, lymphedema-cerebral arteriovenous anomaly syndrome, microcephaly with or without chorioretinopathy, lymphedema, or intellectual disability, yellow nail syndrome, lymphedema-distichiasis syndrome, Nager acrofacial dysostosis, jaw-winking syndrome, Marfan syndrome, Melkersson-Rosenthal syndrome, metaphyseal chondrodysplasia, Jansen type, Schmid metaphyseal chondrodysplasia, metaphyseal dysplasia-maxillary hypoplasia-brachydacty syndrome, microgastria-limb reduction defect syndrome, Mobius syndrome, muscular atrophy-ataxia-retinitis pigmentosa-diabetes mellitus syndrome, nail-patella syndrome, Schilbach-Rott syndrome, syndromic orbital border hypoplasia, Buschke-Ollendorff syndrome, nasopalpebral lipoma-coloboma syndrome, Perry syndrome, Poland syndrome, polydactyly-myopia syndrome, Greig cephalopolysyndactyly syndrome, Prader-Willi syndrome, Guttmacher syndrome, Currarino triad, Hutchinson-Gilford progeria syndrome, progeria-short stature-pigmented nevi syndrome, Liddle syndrome, exfoliation syndrome, ptosis-strabismus-ectopic pupils syndrome, radial hypoplasia-triphalangeal thumbs-hypospadias-maxillary diastema syndrome, radial ray hypoplasia-choanal atresia syndrome, Roussy-Levy syndrome, Silver-Russell syndrome, Ruvalcaba syndrome, oculodental syndrome, Rutherfurd type, aplasia of lacrimal and salivary glands, scalp defects-postaxial polydactyly syndrome, ulnar-mammary syndrome, septooptic dysplasia, Czeizel-Losonci syndrome, polycystic ovary syndrome, stiff-person syndrome, syndactyly-polydactyly-ear lobe syndrome, HELLP syndrome, double uterus-hemivagina-renal agenesis syndrome, VACTERL/vater association, posterior fusion of lumbosacral vertebrae-blepharoptosis syndrome, ptosis-vocal cord paralysis syndrome, Freeman-Sheldon syndrome, Williams syndrome, Denys-Drash syndrome, Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome, ablepharon macrostomia syndrome, acrocallosal syndrome, PAGOD syndrome, alopecia - intellectual disability syndrome, mitochondrial DNA depletion syndrome 4a, Alstrom syndrome, aniridia-cerebellar ataxia-intellectual disability syndrome, aniridia-renal agenesis-psychomotor retardation syndrome, aplasia cutis congenita-intestinal lymphangiectasia syndrome, fetal akinesia deformation sequence, blepharophimosis-ptosis-esotropia-syndactyly-short stature syndrome, Bloom syndrome, Elsahy-Waters syndrome, campomelia, Cumming type, camptomelic syndrome, long-limb type, congenital cataract-ichthyosis syndrome, colobomatous optic disc-macular atrophy-chorioretinopathy syndrome, hepatic fibrosis-renal cysts-intellectual disability syndrome, Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease-hearing loss-intellectual disability syndrome, CHARGE syndrome, Aagenaes syndrome, infantile choroidocerebral calcification syndrome, Yunis-Varon syndrome, corneal dystrophy-perceptive deafness syndrome, cortical blindness-intellectual disability-polydactyly syndrome, Crigler-Najjar syndrome, cataract-nephropathy-encephalopathy syndrome, Fraser syndrome, cystic fibrosis-gastritis-megaloblastic anemia syndrome, cystinuria, DOORS syndrome, high myopia-sensorineural deafness syndrome, dermochondrocorneal dystrophy, nephrogenic diabetes insipidus-intracranial calcification syndrome, diverticulosis of bowel, hernia, and retinal detachment, Dyggve-Melchior-Clausen disease, cerebellar ataxia, intellectual disability, and dysequilibrium, ectrodactyly-polydactyly syndrome, Bonnemann-Meinecke-Reich syndrome, epidermolysis bullosa simplex 5B, with muscular dystrophy, Wolcott-Rallison syndrome, ermine phenotype, eyebrow duplication-syndactyly syndrome, Fanconi-like syndrome, gingival fibromatosis-facial dysmorphism syndrome, frontofacionasal dysplasia, Fryns syndrome, German syndrome, Bernard-Soulier syndrome, triple-A syndrome, Grubben-de Cock-Borghgraef syndrome, mullerian derivatives-lymphangiectasia-polydactyly syndrome, Hirschsprung disease-hearing loss-polydactyly syndrome, Hirschsprung disease-nail hypoplasia-dysmorphism syndrome, Holzgreve-Wagner-Rehder syndrome, multinucleated neurons-anhydramnios-renal dysplasia-cerebellar hypoplasia-hydranencephaly syndrome, growth delay-hydrocephaly-lung hypoplasia syndrome, Dubin-Johnson syndrome, ornithine translocase deficiency, acrofrontofacionasal dysostosis 2, hypertrichotic osteochondrodysplasia Cantu type, hypergonadotropic hypogonadism-cataract syndrome, primary hypergonadotropic hypogonadism-partial alopecia syndrome, hypoparathyroidism-retardation-dysmorphism syndrome, hypospadias-intellectual disability, Goldblatt type syndrome, Bamforth-Lazarus syndrome, ichthyosis-hepatosplenomegaly-cerebellar degeneration syndrome, ichthyosis-intellectual disability-dwarfism-renal impairment syndrome, Vici syndrome, channelopathy-associated congenital insensitivity to pain, autosomal recessive, Joubert syndrome with oculorenal defect, oculocerebrofacial syndrome, Kaufman type, Landau-Kleffner syndrome, laryngo-onycho-cutaneous syndrome, Laurence-Moon syndrome, Donohue syndrome, Miller-Dieker lissencephaly syndrome, Marinesco-Sjogren syndrome, Frank-Ter Haar syndrome, Mietens syndrome, mesomelic dwarfism-cleft palate-camptodactyly syndrome, metaphyseal chondrodysplasia-retinitis pigmentosa syndrome, metaphyseal dysostosis-intellectual disability-conductive deafness syndrome, microcephalic primordial dwarfism, Toriello type, Say-Barber-Miller syndrome, microcephaly and chorioretinopathy 1, Galloway-Mowat syndrome, microtia with meatal atresia and conductive deafness, mucopolysaccharidosis type 6, mulibrey nanism, lethal multiple pterygium syndrome, lethal congenital contracture syndrome 1, Schwartz-Jampel syndrome, Nathalie syndrome, nephronophthisis 1, nephropathy - deafness - hyperparathyroidism syndrome, nephrosis-deafness-urinary tract-digital malformations syndrome, Netherton syndrome, Norman-Roberts syndrome, cloacal exstrophy, ichthyosis-oral and digital anomalies syndrome, Primrose syndrome, familial osteodysplasia, Anderson type, multicentric osteolysis, nodulosis, and arthropathy, osteopenia-intellectual disability-sparse hair syndrome, osteoporosis-pseudoglioma syndrome, Shwachman-Diamond syndrome, Parana hard-skin syndrome, PEHO syndrome, Imerslund-Grasbeck syndrome, Peters plus syndrome, pili torti-developmental delay-neurological abnormalities syndrome, Rabson-Mendenhall syndrome, postaxial acrofacial dysostosis, Gitelman syndrome, Wiedemann-Rautenstrauch syndrome, Acrootoocular syndrome, holoprosencephaly-postaxial polydactyly syndrome, autosomal recessive multiple pterygium syndrome, Perlman syndrome, retinitis pigmentosa-intellectual disability-deafness-hypogenitalism syndrome, EEC syndrome, SHORT syndrome, Sjogren syndrome, spastic tetraplegia-retinitis pigmentosa-intellectual disability syndrome, corneal-cerebellar syndrome, spastic ataxia-corneal dystrophy syndrome, spondylocostal dysostosis-anal and genitourinary malformations syndrome, familial infantile bilateral striatal necrosis, subaortic stenosis-short stature syndrome, thrombocytopenia-absent radius syndrome, thyrocerebrorenal syndrome, Pendred syndrome, VACTERL with hydrocephalus, Weaver syndrome, Werner syndrome, Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome, wooly hair-hypotrichosis-everted lower lip-outstanding ears syndrome, de Sanctis-Cacchione syndrome, corpus callosum agenesis-abnormal genitalia syndrome, Alport syndrome-intellectual disability-midface hypoplasia-elliptocytosis syndrome, X-linked lissencephaly with abnormal genitalia, X-linked myotubular myopathy-abnormal genitalia syndrome, Christianson syndrome, Armfield syndrome, Lesch-Nyhan syndrome, Atkin-Flaitz syndrome, alpha-thalassemia-myelodysplastic syndrome, deafness-intellectual disability, Martin-Probst type syndrome, fragile X-associated tremor/ataxia syndrome, fragile X syndrome, syndactyly-telecanthus-anogenital and renal malformations syndrome, X-linked dominant chondrodysplasia, Chassaing-Lacombe type, X-linked central congenital hypothyroidism with late-onset testicular enlargement, Meester-Loeys syndrome, Arts syndrome, X-linked mandibulofacial dysostosis, Abruzzo-Erickson syndrome, Aicardi syndrome, craniofrontonasal syndrome, deafness-hypogonadism syndrome, X-linked corneal dermoid, immune dysregulation-polyendocrinopathy-enteropathy-X-linked syndrome, hydrocephaly-cerebellar agenesis syndrome, keratosis follicularis-dwarfism-cerebral atrophy syndrome, laryngeal abductor paralysis-intellectual disability syndrome, oculocerebrorenal syndrome, Menkes disease, paraplegia-intellectual disability-hyperkeratosis syndrome, mucopolysaccharidosis type 2, orofaciodigital syndrome I, otopalatodigital syndrome type 1, Pallister-W syndrome, Rett syndrome, SCARF syndrome, Simpson-Golabi-Behmel syndrome, torticollis-keloids-cryptorchidism-renal dysplasia syndrome, trigonocephaly-short stature-developmental delay syndrome, ulnar hypoplasia-split foot syndrome, van den Bosch syndrome, Wildervanck syndrome, Kearns-Sayre syndrome, MELAS syndrome, MERRF syndrome, Pearson syndrome, proximal tubulopathy-diabetes mellitus-cerebellar ataxia syndrome, pancreatic hypoplasia-diabetes-congenital heart disease syndrome, chondrodysplasia-pseudohermaphroditism syndrome, Qazi Markouizos syndrome, familial developmental dysphasia, atrioventricular defect-blepharophimosis-radial and anal defect syndrome, CODAS syndrome, lethal hemolytic anemia-genital anomalies syndrome, HEC syndrome, anophthalmia plus syndrome, infundibulopelvic stenosis-multicystic kidney syndrome, Ayme-Gripp syndrome, dilated cardiomyopathy 1E, diaphragmatic defect-limb deficiency-skull defect syndrome, skeletal dysplasia-epilepsy-short stature syndrome, Potocki-Shaffer syndrome, amelia cleft lip palate hydrocephalus iris coloboma, human HOXA1 syndromes, dyssegmental dysplasia-glaucoma syndrome, lung agenesis-heart defect-thumb anomalies syndrome, tetrasomy 12p, chromosome 18q deletion syndrome, lymphedema-atrial septal defects-facial changes syndrome, infantile convulsions and choreoathetosis, RHYNS syndrome, Pierre Robin sequence with pectus excavatum and rib and scapular anomalies, colobomatous macrophthalmia-microcornea syndrome, Marshall-Smith syndrome, distal monosomy 13q, MPI-congenital disorder of glycosylation, camptodactyly, myopia, and fibrosis of the medial rectus muscle of eye, radioulnar synostosis-microcephaly-scoliosis syndrome, blepharophimosis - intellectual disability syndrome, SBBYS type, complex regional pain syndrome type 1, temtamy preaxial brachydactyly syndrome, Diamond-Blackfan anemia 2, genitopatellar syndrome, Phelan-McDermid syndrome, hypotonia-cystinuria syndrome, DNA ligase IV deficiency, Hurler syndrome, Hurler-Scheie syndrome, Scheie syndrome, Duane-radial ray syndrome, psoriatic arthritis, neonatal ichthyosis-sclerosing cholangitis syndrome, skin fragility-woolly hair-palmoplantar keratoderma syndrome, tubulointerstitial nephritis and uveitis syndrome, caudal duplication, sweet syndrome, ichthyosis prematurity syndrome, Meacham syndrome, BNAR syndrome, PCWH syndrome, foveal hypoplasia - optic nerve decussation defect - anterior segment dysgenesis syndrome, B-cell immunodeficiency, distal limb anomalies, and urogenital malformations, MEDNIK syndrome, Cerebrorenodigital syndrome, fetal valproate syndrome, Goldberg-Shprintzen syndrome, Al-Gazali syndrome, CEDNIK syndrome, osteosclerosis-ichthyosis-premature ovarian failure syndrome, cortical dysplasia-focal epilepsy syndrome, DK1-congenital disorder of glycosylation, Potocki-Lupski syndrome, Pitt-Hopkins syndrome, XFE progeroid syndrome, deafness-infertility syndrome, COG1-congenital disorder of glycosylation, autosomal dominant familial hematuria-retinal arteriolar tortuosity-contractures syndrome, microtia-eye coloboma-imperforation of the nasolacrimal duct syndrome, mitochondrial DNA depletion syndrome, encephalomyopathic form with methylmalonic aciduria, ANE syndrome, CLOVES syndrome, Hirschsprung disease-ganglioneuroblastoma syndrome, parkinsonism-dystonia, infantile, alpha 1-antitrypsin deficiency, COG5-congenital disorder of glycosylation, chromosome 13q14 deletion syndrome, deafness-lymphedema-leukemia syndrome, microcephaly-capillary malformation syndrome, EDICT syndrome, peripheral neuropathy-myopathy-hoarseness-hearing loss syndrome, hypomyelinating leukodystrophy 8 with or without oligodontia and-or hypogonadotropic hypogonadism, IMAGe syndrome, short stature-onychodysplasia-facial dysmorphism-hypotrichosis syndrome, microcephalic primordial dwarfism, Alazami type, intellectual disability-strabismus syndrome, estrogen resistance syndrome, Hartsfield-Bixler-Demyer syndrome, severe dermatitis-multiple allergies-metabolic wasting syndrome, alacrima, achalasia, and intellectual disability syndrome, familial episodic pain syndrome with predominantly lower limb involvement, congenital microcephaly - severe encephalopathy - progressive cerebral atrophy syndrome, diffuse cerebral and cerebellar atrophy - intractable seizures - progressive microcephaly syndrome, postaxial polydactyly-anterior pituitary anomalies-facial dysmorphism syndrome, tall stature-scoliosis-macrodactyly of the great toes syndrome, intellectual disability, autosomal dominant 29, intellectual disability, autosomal dominant 30, congenital sideroblastic anemia-B-cell immunodeficiency-periodic fever-developmental delay syndrome, retinitis pigmentosa-juvenile cataract-short stature-intellectual disability syndrome, polyendocrine-polyneuropathy syndrome, chronic atrial and intestinal dysrhythmia, motor developmental delay due to 14q32.2 paternally expressed gene defect, peeling skin-leukonuchia-acral punctate keratoses-cheilitis-knuckle pads syndrome, mandibulofacial dysostosis with alopecia, epilepsy with myoclonic atonic seizures, short stature, microcephaly, and endocrine dysfunction, progressive microcephaly-seizures-cortical blindness-developmental delay syndrome, PMP22-RAI1 contiguous gene duplication syndrome, acute infantile liver failure-cerebellar ataxia-peripheral sensory motor neuropathy syndrome, familial progressive retinal dystrophy-iris coloboma-congenital cataract syndrome, macrothrombocytopenia-lymphedema-developmental delay-facial dysmorphism-camptodactyly syndrome, Luscan-Lumish syndrome, even-plus syndrome, MIRAGE syndrome, growth retardation, intellectual developmental disorder, hypotonia, and hepatopathy, intellectual disability-epilepsy-extrapyramidal syndrome, 48,XXYY syndrome, FRAXF syndrome, complex hereditary spastic paraplegia, aniridia-ptosis-intellectual disability-familial obesity syndrome, aniridia - intellectual disability syndrome, ankyloblepharon filiforme-imperforate anus syndrome, pentasomy X, Bardet-Biedl syndrome, anophthalmia-megalocornea-cardiopathy-skeletal anomalies syndrome, Bartter syndrome, arachnodactyly-intellectual disability-dysmorphism syndrome, ataxia-photosensitivity-short stature syndrome, Brugada syndrome, Feingold syndrome, cardiomyopathy-cataract-hip spine disease syndrome, cataract - microcornea syndrome, autism-facial port-wine stain syndrome, cataract-intellectual disability-anal atresia-urinary defects syndrome, cataract-deafness-hypogonadism syndrome, syndromic craniosynostosis, drug rash with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms, multicentric reticulohistiocytosis, hereditary sensory and autonomic neuropathy with deafness and global delay, craniofacial microsomia, ring chromosome 10, Coffin-Siris syndrome, corpus callosum agenesis-double urinary collecting system syndrome, short rib-polydactyly syndrome, oromandibular-limb anomalies syndrome, hemophagocytic syndrome, cataract-glaucoma syndrome, diencephalic syndrome, hypereosinophilic syndrome, distal trisomy 14q, intellectual disability-cataracts-kyphosis syndrome, progressive familial intrahepatic cholestasis, thoraco-abdominal enteric duplication, oculomaxillofacial dysostosis, growth hormone insensitivity syndrome, syndromic dyslipidemia, macrothrombocytopenia and granulocyte inclusions with or without nephritis or sensorineural hearing loss, epiphyseal dysplasia-hearing loss-dysmorphism syndrome, eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis, axial mesodermal dysplasia spectrum, fetal hydantoin syndrome, vitamin K-antagonist embryofetopathy, fetal alcohol syndrome, methimazole embryofetopathy, Evans syndrome, Cornelia de Lange syndrome, cleft lip-retinopathy syndrome, cleft lip/palate-deafness-sacral lipoma syndrome, Crandall syndrome, syndromic microphthalmia, Cole-Carpenter syndrome, myotonic syndrome, Guillain-Barre syndrome, atypical hemolytic-uremic syndrome, Hennekam syndrome, Hernández-Aguirre Negrete syndrome, nodular neuronal heterotopia, Hirschsprung disease-type D brachydactyly syndrome, holoprosencephaly, hydrocephalus-obesity-hypogonadism syndrome, hydrocephalus-blue sclerae-nephropathy syndrome, xeroderma pigmentosum-Cockayne syndrome complex, Joubert syndrome with ocular defect, hypogonadism-mitral valve prolapse-intellectual disability syndrome, hypogonadotropic hypogonadism-retinitis pigmentosa syndrome, hypotrichosis-intellectual disability, Lopes type, congenital ichthyosis-microcephalus-tetraplegia syndrome, Hughes-Stovin syndrome, heart-hand syndrome, ptosis-upper ocular movement limitation-absence of lacrimal punctum syndrome, syndromic agammaglobulinemia, isotretinoin syndrome, microcornea-posterior megalolenticonus-persistent fetal vasculature-coloboma syndrome, Kabuki syndrome, Kenny-Caffey syndrome, muscular pseudohypertrophy-hypothyroidism syndrome, Kousseff syndrome, limb body wall complex, Lennox-Gastaut syndrome, Lowe-Kohn-Cohen syndrome, macrocephaly-short stature-paraplegia syndrome, primary ciliary dyskinesia, familial intestinal malrotation-facial anomalies syndrome, primary hypertrophic osteoarthropathy, Melhem-Fahl syndrome, lower limb deficiency-hypospadias syndrome, 8p23.1 microdeletion syndrome, sickle cell-beta-thalassemia disease syndrome, sickle cell-hemoglobin c disease syndrome, sickle cell-hemoglobin d disease syndrome, sickle cell-hemoglobin E disease syndrome, hereditary persistence of fetal hemoglobin-sickle cell disease syndrome, microcephaly-brain defect-spasticity-hypernatremia syndrome, microcephaly-microcornea syndrome, Seemanova type, Meier-Gorlin syndrome, Mikati-Najjar-Sahli syndrome, shoulder and girdle defects-familial intellectual disability syndrome, myopathy-growth delay-intellectual disability-hypospadias syndrome, Fuchs heterochromic iridocyclitis, microcephalic osteodysplastic primordial dwarfism types I and III, osteochondrodysplatic nanism-deafness-retinitis pigmentosa syndrome, arthrogryposis-renal dysfunction-cholestasis syndrome, oculo-skeletal-renal syndrome, olivopontocerebellar atrophy-deafness syndrome, Opitz G/BBB syndrome, imperforate oropharynx-costo vetebral anomalies syndrome, Bruck syndrome, osteoporosis-macrocephaly-blindness-joint hyperlaxity syndrome, calciphylaxis, recessive intellectual disability-motor dysfunction-multiple joint contractures syndrome, X-linked ichthyosis syndrome, autoimmune polyendocrinopathy, renal caliceal diverticuli-deafness syndrome, tempi syndrome, syndromic oculocutaneous albinism, short stature-deafness-neutrophil dysfunction-dysmorphism syndrome, congenital varicella syndrome, polyneuropathy-intellectual disability-acromicria-premature menopause syndrome, celiac trunk compression syndrome, hypoplastic pancreas-intestinal atresia-hypoplastic gallbalder syndrome, fetal cytomegalovirus syndrome, Reunion island Larsen syndrome, 46,XX disorder of sex development-anorectal anomalies syndrome, mitochondrial neurogastrointestinal encephalomyopathy, Baraitser-Winter cerebrofrontofacial syndrome, mirror polydactyly-vertebral segmentation-limbs defects syndrome, intellectual disability-hypotonia-skin hyperpigmentation syndrome, congenital hereditary facial paralysis-variable hearing loss syndrome, intellectual disability-microcephaly-phalangeal-facial abnormalities syndrome, Mayer-Rokitansky-Kuster-Hauser syndrome, developmental and speech delay due to SOX5 deficiency, Spigelian hernia-cryptorchidism syndrome, autosomal recessive leukoencephalopathy-ischemic stroke-retinitis pigmentosa syndrome, severe neonatal hypotonia-seizures-encephalopathy syndrome due to 5q31.3 microdeletion, multiple sclerosis-ichthyosis-factor VIII deficiency syndrome, X-linked spasticity-intellectual disability-epilepsy syndrome, spina bifida-hypospadias syndrome, hantavirus pulmonary syndrome, white matter hypoplasia-corpus callosum agenesis-intellectual disability syndrome, deafness-genital anomalies-metacarpal and metatarsal synostosis syndrome, hearing loss-familial salivary gland insensitivity to aldosterone syndrome, multiple synostoses syndrome, central nervous system calcification-deafness-tubular acidosis-anemia syndrome, multiple paragangliomas associated with polycythemia, syngnathia multiple anomalies, Takayasu arteritis, severe early-onset obesity-insulin resistance syndrome due to SH2B1 deficiency, spondylocostal dysostosis-hypospadias-intellectual disability syndrome, hypotrichosis-deafness syndrome, thalidomide embryopathy, trisomy X, trisomy 13, trisomy 18, umbilical cord ulceration-intestinal atresia syndrome, microcephaly-brachydactyly-kyphoscoliosis syndrome, Waardenburg syndrome, Weill-Marchesani syndrome, infantile spasms, Wolfram syndrome, epidermal nevus syndrome, digital anomalies-intellectual disability-short stature syndrome, intellectual disability-obesity-brain malformations-facial dysmorphism syndrome, Erdheim-Chester disease, Stevens-Johnson syndrome, CADDS, finger hyperphalangy - toe anomalies - severe pectus excavatum syndrome, ataxia - telangiectasia variant, growth retardation-mild developmental delay-chronic hepatitis syndrome, primary microcephaly-mild intellectual disability-young-onset diabetes syndrome, ferro-cerebro-cutaneous syndrome, dystonia-aphonia syndrome, microcephaly-complex motor and sensory axonal neuropathy syndrome, X-linked microcephaly-growth retardation-prognathism-cryptorchidism syndrome, severe intellectual disability-hypotonia-strabismus-coarse face-planovalgus syndrome, intrauterine growth restriction-short stature-early adult-onset diabetes syndrome, pseudoxanthoma elasticum-like skin manifestations with retinitis pigmentosa, familial chylomicronemia syndrome, caudal regression-sirenomelia spectrum, visceral heterotaxy, Holmes-Adie syndrome, microcephalic primordial dwarfism due to RTTN deficiency, Joubert syndrome, congenital generalized hypercontractile muscle stiffness syndrome, Kallmann syndrome, Caroli syndrome, X-linked female restricted facial dysmorphism-short stature-choanal atresia-intellectual disability, microlissencephaly-micromelia syndrome, branchiootic syndrome, Plummer-Vinson syndrome, Cushing syndrome, McCune-Albright syndrome, Meckel syndrome, SUNCT syndrome, mucopolysaccharidosis type 3, mucopolysaccharidosis type 4, congenital myasthenic syndrome, Loeys-Dietz syndrome, Alport syndrome, schisis association, Tolosa-Hunt syndrome, iridocorneal endothelial syndrome, Noonan syndrome, short fifth metacarpals-insulin resistance syndrome, progressive supranuclear palsy, benign exophthalmos syndrome, Sandifer syndrome, global developmental delay-osteopenia-ectodermal defect syndrome, tubular renal disease-cardiomyopathy syndrome, angioosteohypotrophic syndrome, 6q terminal deletion syndrome, Axenfeld-Rieger syndrome, peroxisome biogenesis disorder, ectodermal dysplasia syndrome, Seckel syndrome, Sotos syndrome, Stickler syndrome, pelvis syndrome, Susac syndrome, ischio-vertebral syndrome, BRESEK syndrome, Turner syndrome, Usher syndrome, obesity-colitis-hypothyroidism-cardiac hypertrophy-developmental delay syndrome, CREST syndrome, Sheehan syndrome, polymyalgia rheumatica, autoinflammatory syndrome, neuroleptic malignant syndrome, pituitary stalk interruption syndrome, monosomy 13q34, ring chromosome 13, 48,XXXY syndrome, 49,XXXXY syndrome, hereditary continuous muscle fiber activity, Eisenmenger syndrome, Robinow syndrome, Ehlers-Danlos syndrome, hypoplastic right heart syndrome, shone complex, 48,XYYY syndrome, subcortical band heterotopia, complex regional pain syndrome type 2, faciodigitogenital syndrome, neoplastic syndrome, paraneoplastic syndrome, post-infectious syndrome, Achard-Thiers syndrome, acral dysostosis dyserythropoiesis syndrome, agnathia-microstomia-synotia, Aksu von Stockhausen syndrome, Aloi Tomasini Isaia syndrome, temporomandibular joint dysfunction syndrome, Apert-like polydactyly syndrome, arakawa syndrome 2, arena syndrome, Arnold stickler bourne syndrome, baetz-greenwalt syndrome, bagatelle Cassidy syndrome, baker Vinters syndrome, bobble-head doll syndrome, Boerhaave syndrome, Cantu Sanchez-Corona Fragoso syndrome, Cantu Sanchez-Corona Hernandez syndrome, carbon baby syndrome, Carnevale hernandez castillo syndrome, Cartwright Nelson Fryns syndrome, Charles bonnet syndrome, Parinaud syndrome, corticobasal degeneration disorder, hair defect with photosensitivity and intellectual disability syndrome, AIDS dysmorphic syndrome, congenital acardia, acute lymphoblastic leukemia congenital sporadic aniridia, aglossia and situs inversus, agyria pachygyria polymicrogyria, agyria-pachygyria type 1, Ahumada Del Castillo syndrome, alopecia congenita keratosis palmoplantaris, alpha-mannosidosis type 1, aluminosis, Mauriac syndrome, ankle defects short stature, ankyloblepharon filiforme imperforate anus, annular constricting bands, anophthalmia cleft palate micrognathia, anophthalmia esophageal atresia cryptorchidism, anotia facial palsy cardiac defect, aortic dissection lentiginosis, childhood aortic valve stenosis, arthrogryposis IUGR thoracic dystrophy, arthrogryposis multiplex congenita CNS calcification, arthrogryposis spinal muscular atrophy, asternia, atlanto-axial fusion, atrophoderma of Pierini and Pasini, Barnicoat Baraitser syndrome, Basedow’s coma, BD syndrome, Beardwell syndrome, bhaskar jagannathan syndrome, bidirectional tachycardia, bilirubin induced brain injury in the newborn, blepharo naso facial syndrome van Maldergem type, bone dysplasia corpus callosum agenesis, brachydactyly absence of distal phalanges, brachydactyly anonychia, brachydactyly small stature face anomalies, brachydactyly tibial hypoplasia, brittle bone syndrome lethal type, bronchiectasis oligospermia, Brunsting-Perry syndrome, bruyn scheltens syndrome, burn goodship syndrome, camptodactyly joint contractures and facial skeletal dysplasia, camptodactyly vertebral fusion, Cantu Sanchez-Corona Garcia-Cruz syndrome, cardiac hydatid cysts with intracavitary expansion, cardioencephalomyopathy, cardiofacial syndrome short limbs, cardiomelic syndrome stratton Koehler type, cardiomyopathy and deafness due to tRNA lysine gene mutation, cardiomyopathy diabetes deafness, cardiomyopathy hypogonadism collagenoma syndrome, cardiomyopathy hypogonadism metabolic anomalies, cardiomyopathy spherocytosis, carpo tarsal osteolysis recessive, autosomal dominant cataract, cataract skeletal anomalies, cennamo gangemi syndrome, cerebellar agenesis, cerebello-olivary atrophy, cerebral calcification cerebellar hypoplasia, cerebral calcifications opalescent teeth phosphaturia, oculo digital syndrome, chondrodysplasia, choreoacanthocytosis amyotrophic, chorioretinopathy dominant form microcephaly, Christian Demyer Franken syndrome, Christian Johnson angenieta syndrome, chromosome 3 duplication syndrome, chronic demyelinizing neuropathy with IgM monoclonal, ciliary dyskinesia-bronchiectasis, circumscribed cutaneous aplasia of the vertex, circumscribed disseminated keratosis Jadassohn lew type, cleft lip and palate malrotation cardiopathy, cleft lip and/or palate with mucous cysts of lower, cleft lip palate dysmorphism kumar type, cleft lip palate intellectual disability corneal opacity, cleft lip palate oligodontia syndactyly pili torti, cleft lip palate pituitary deficiency, cleft lip palate-tetraphocomelia, cleft lower lip cleft lateral canthi chorioretinal, cleft palate cardiac defect ectrodactyly, cleft palate colobomata radial synostosis deafness, cleft palate heart disease polydactyly absent tibia, cleft tongue, coarse face hypotonia constipation, Cohen Lockood Wyborney syndrome, type 2 collagenopathy, Collins-Sakati syndrome, coloboma porencephaly hydronephrosis, colobomata unilobar lung heart defect, colonic malakoplakia, Colver Steer Godman syndrome, Combarros Calleja Leno syndrome, complement receptor deficiency, congenital absence of the sternocleidomastoid muscle, congenital amputation, congenital aneurysms of the great vessels, congenital articular rigidity, congenital benign spinal muscular atrophy dominant, congenital cardiovascular shunt, congenital contractures, congenital craniosynostosis maternal hyperthyroiditis, congenital cystic eye, congenital heart disease ptosis hypodontia craniostosis, congenital heart disease radio ulnar synostosis intellectual disability, congenital mumps, congenital stenosis of cervical medullary canal, Dennis-Fairhurst-Moore syndrome, congenital unilateral pulmonary hypoplasia, congenital vagal hyperreflexivity, Cormier Rustin Munnich syndrome, corneal crystals myopathy neuropathy, corneal dystrophy ichthyosis microcephaly intellectual disability, corneal dystrophy pigmentary anomaly malabsorption, corpus callosum agenesis of blepharophimosis robin type, corpus callosum dysgenesis X-linked recessive, corpus callosum dysgenesis cleft spasm, corpus callosum dysgenesis hypopituitarism, cortada Koussef Matsumoto syndrome, Cortes Lacassie syndrome, craniofacial and skeletal defects, craniofacial dysostosis arthrogryposis progeroid appearance, craniofrontonasal syndrome Teebi type, craniostenosis with congenital heart disease intellectual disability, crawfurd syndrome, cutis gyratum acanthosis nigricans craniosynostosis, cutis laxa osteoporosis, Davenport-Donlan syndrome, Davis Lafer syndrome, de Hauwere Leroy adriaenssens syndrome, deafness conductive stapedial ear malformation facial palsy, deafness goiter stippled epiphyses, deafness hypospadias metacarpal and metatarsal syndrome, deafness mesenteric diverticula of small bowel neuropathy, deafness peripheral neuropathy arterial disease, deafness progressive cataract autosomal dominant, dermatocardioskeletal syndrome boronne type, dextrocardia with situs inversus, diabetes persistent mullerian ducts, diaphragmatic agenesis radial aplasia omphalocele, diaphragmatic hernia exomphalos corpus callosum agenesis, diaphragmatic hernia upper limb defects, die Smulders droog van dijk syndrome, diomedi bernardi placidi syndrome, diphallus rachischisis imperforate anus, distichiasis heart congenital anomalies, double discordia, double uterus-hemivagina-renal agenesis, Drachtman Weinblatt Sitarz syndrome, Duker-Weiss-Siber syndrome, duodenal atresia tetralogy of fallot, duplication of leg mirror foot, duplication of the thumb unilateral biphalangeal, dupont sellier chochillon syndrome, dwarfism bluish sclerae, dwarfism deafness retinitis pigmentosa, dwarfism lethal type advanced bone age, dwarfism thin bones multiple fractures, dysmorphism cleft palate loose skin, Eagle syndrome, ectrodactyly cardiopathy dysmorphism, Elliott ludman Teebi syndrome, enamel hypoplasia cataract hydrocephaly, encephalocele anencephaly, enchondromatosis dwarfism deafness, Engelhard Yatziv syndrome, enlarged vestibular aqueduct syndrome, epidermal nevus vitamin D resistant rickets, epimetaphyseal dysplasia cataract, epiphyseal dysplasia dysmorphism camptodactyly, esophageal atresia coloboma talipes, extrasystoles short stature hyperpigmentation microcephaly, facial clefting corpus callosum agenesis, facio digito genital syndrome recessive form, facio skeletal genital syndrome rippberger type, familial capillaro-venous leptomeningeal angiomatosis, Dursun syndrome, Faye-Petersen-Ward-Carey syndrome, feigenbaum Bergeron syndrome, Feingold trainer syndrome, fetal brain disruption sequence, fetal enterovirus syndrome, fetal parainfluenza virus type 3 syndrome, fetal phenothiazine syndrome, fibromatosis multiple non ossifying, fibula aplasia complex brachydactyly, fibular hypoplasia scapulo pelvic dysplasia absent, Fitz-Hugh-Curtis syndrome, focal alopecia congenital megalencephaly, focal or multifocal malformations in neuronal migration, foix chavany Marie syndrome, Fontaine farriaux blanckaert syndrome, Fraser Jequier Chen syndrome, Freiberg disease, Friedman Goodman syndrome, frontonasal malformation cloacal exstrophy, frontonasal dysplasia Klippel feil syndrome, frontonasal dysplasia phocomelic upper limbs, Fryns Fabry Remans syndrome, Fryns Smeets Thiry syndrome, Fuchs atrophia gyrata chorioideae et retinae, Fukuda-Miyanomae-Nakata syndrome, Fuqua Berkovitz syndrome, Garret-Tripp syndrome, gas bloat syndrome, Gaucher ichthyosis restrictive dermopathy, gershinibaruch Leibo syndrome, Ghose-Sachdev-Kumar syndrome, gigantism advanced bone age hoarse cry, glossopalatine ankylosis micrognathia ear anomalies, goldstein hutt syndrome, goniodysgenesis intellectual disability short stature, green sandford davison syndrome, grix Blankenship Peterson syndrome, Ho-Kaufman-McAlister syndrome, Jaffer-Beighton syndrome, Judge Misch wright syndrome, Kashani-Strom-Utley syndrome, Kasznica-Carlson-Coppedge syndrome, Katsantoni-Papadakou-Lagoyanni syndrome, Kocher-debre-Semelaigne syndrome, Koone-Rizzo-Elias syndrome, Kozlowski Brown Hardwick syndrome, Kozlowski Ouvrier syndrome, Kozlowski Rafinski Klicharska syndrome, Kozlowski Warren Fisher syndrome, Krauss Herman Holmes syndrome, Krieble Bixler syndrome, Kuster Majewski Hammerstein syndrome, Kuster syndrome, Laugier-Hunziker syndrome, Laurence-Prosser-Rocker syndrome, le Marec-Bracq-Picaud syndrome, levator syndrome, Marinesco-Sjogren-like syndrome, Milner-Khallouf-Gibson syndrome, radio-digito-facial dysplasia, Seckel like syndrome majoor-krakauer type, neonatal aspiration syndrome, muscular fibrosis multifocal obstructed vessels, short stature contractures hypotonia, Alice in Wonderland syndrome, megacystis-microcolon-intestinal hypoperistalsis syndrome, Basilicata-Akhtar syndrome, Liberfarb syndrome, craniofacial dysmorphism, skeletal anomalies, and impaired intellectual development syndrome, cardiac, facial, and digital anomalies with developmental delay, fibrosis, neurodegeneration, and cerebral angiomatosis, Duane anomaly-myopathy-scoliosis syndrome, congenital cataract-severe neonatal hepatopathy-global developmental delay syndrome, infantile hypotonia-oculomotor anomalies-hyperkinetic movements-developmental delay syndrome, acute radiation syndrome, monoclonal mast cell activation syndrome, oculocerebrodental syndrome, syndromic congenital sodium diarrhea, congenital brachyesophagus-intrathoracic stomach-vertebral anomalies syndrome, intellectual disability-cardiac anomalies-short stature-joint laxity syndrome, intrauterine growth restriction-congenital multiple café-au-lait macules-increased sister chromatid exchange syndrome, frontonasal dysplasia-bifid nose-upper limb anomalies syndrome, microcephaly-facial dysmorphism-ocular anomalies-multiple congenital anomalies syndrome, diaphragmatic hernia-short bowel-asplenia syndrome, warts-immunodeficiency-lymphedema-anogenital dysplasia syndrome, Cramp-fasciculation syndrome, choanal atresia-athelia-hypothyroidism-delayed puberty-short stature syndrome, blepharophimosis-intellectual disability syndrome/genitopatellar overlap syndrome, CCNK-related neurodevelopmental disorder-severe intellectual disability-facial dysmorphism syndrome, cerebellar hypoplasia-intellectual disability-congenital microcephaly-dystonia-anemia-growth retardation syndrome, KLHL7-related Bohring-Opitz-like syndrome, KLHL7-related cold-induced sweating-like syndrome, KAT6B-related multiple congenital anomalies syndrome, oculogastrointestinal-neurodevelopmental syndrome, spastic paraparesis-cataracts-speech delay syndrome, Ruzicka-Goerz-Anton syndrome, Sammartino-Decreccio syndrome, Samson-Gardner syndrome, Samson-Viljoen syndrome, Sanderson-Fraser syndrome, Sandhaus-Ben-Ami syndrome, prostatic malacoplakia associated with prostatic abscess, Saul-Wilkes-Stevenson syndrome, macrogyria, pseudobulbar palsy and intellectual disability, Schwartz-Cohen-addad-Lambert syndrome, Schlegelberger-Grote syndrome, Schrander-stumpel-Theunissen-Hulsmans syndrome, Saal-Bulas syndrome, Sackey-Sakati-Aur syndrome, Slti-Salem syndrome, Zerres Rietschel Majewski syndrome, Zazam Sheriff Phillips syndrome, Zadik-Barak-Levin syndrome, weinstein kliman scully syndrome, thickened earlobes with conductive deafness from incus-stapes abnormalities, ichthyosis linearis circumflexa, infantile striato thalamic degeneration, Landy-Donnai syndrome, merlob grunebaum reisner syndrome, Pavone Fiumara Rizzo syndrome, pfeiffer rockelein syndrome, Pfeiffer Tietze Welte syndrome, phosphoribosylpyrophosphate synthetase deficiency, piepkorn karp hickok syndrome, podder-tolmie syndrome, pointer syndrome, richieri-costa guion-almeida cohen syndrome, Rubinstein Taybi like syndrome, ruvalcaba churesigaew myhre syndrome, short limb dwarf lethal colavita kozlowski type, Mallory-Weiss syndrome, superior vena cava syndrome, piriformis syndrome, engraftment syndrome, Adams-Stokes syndrome, Leriche syndrome, multiple organ dysfunction syndrome, posterior leukoencephalopathy syndrome, cardio-renal syndrome, Rahman syndrome, X-linked keloid scarring-reduced joint mobility-increased optic cup-to-disc ratio syndrome, retinitis pigmentosa-hearing loss-premature aging-short stature-facial dysmorphism syndrome, congenital labioscrotal agenesis-cerebellar malformation-corneal dystrophy-facial dysmorphism syndrome, Lopes-Maciel-Rodan syndrome, Stankiewicz-Isidor syndrome, Skraban-Deardorff syndrome, joint laxity, short stature, and myopia, Sweeney-Cox syndrome, Alkuraya-Kucinskas syndrome, Jaberi-Elahi syndrome, neurodevelopmental disorder with regression, abnormal movements, loss of speech, and seizures, hearing impairment and infertile male syndrome, cardiocutaneous syndrome, neonatal diabetes, congenital sensorineural hearing loss and congenital cataracts, cardioectodermal syndrome, cannabinoid hyperemesis syndrome, retrograde cricopharyngeus dysfunction, Zinner syndrome, retinal dystrophy-ataxia-pituitary hormone abnormality-hypogonadism syndrome, IFAP syndrome, DICER1-related tumor predisposition, Roberts-SC phocomelia syndrome, carcinoid syndrome, Bonnevie-Ullrich syndrome, NKX2-1 related choreoathetosis and congenital hypothyroidism with or without pulmonary dysfunction, RNU4ATAC spectrum disorder, syndromic congenital heart disease, hand-foot syndrome, central hypoventilation syndrome, congenital, 1, with or without Hirschsprung disease, gastrointestinal defects and immunodeficiency syndrome 1, achalasia-alacrima syndrome, black locks with albinism and deafness syndrome, Birt-Hogg-Dube syndrome, trigeminal trophic syndrome, developmental and/or epileptic encephalopathy with spike-wave activation in sleep, syndromic microspherophakia, painful legs and moving toes syndrome, congenital aphakia-iris hypoplasia-microphthalmia-microcornea syndrome, hereditary persistence of fetal hemoglobin-intellectual disability syndrome, developmental delay-immunodeficiency-leukoencephalopathy-hypohomocysteinemia syndrome, primary hypomagnesemia-generalized seizures-intellectual disability-obesity syndrome, post-cardiac arrest syndrome, early-onset obesity-hyperphagia-severe developmental delay syndrome, hereditary alpha tryptasemia syndrome, KINSSHIP syndrome, developmental delay, hypotrophy, and dysmorphic features without moebius syndrome, breast implant illness, cataracts, hearing impairment, nephrotic syndrome, and enterocolitis, craniosynostosis-facial dysmorphism-chiari-1 malformation-developmental and language delay syndrome, MYT1L-related developmental delay-intellectual disability-obesity syndrome, Houge-Janssens syndrome, xerosis and growth failure with immune and pulmonary dysfunction syndrome, Fliedner-Zweier syndrome, Lui-Jee-Baron syndrome, Long-Olsen-Distelmaier syndrome, Tan-Almurshedi syndrome, diabetes, deafness, developmental delay, and short stature syndrome, Alfadhel syndrome, Hoxha-Aliu syndrome, cleft palate-congenital heart defect-intellectual disability syndrome, congenital insensitivity to pain syndrome, Marsili type, Yuksel-Vogel-Bauer syndrome, polydactyly-macrocephaly syndrome, pyoderma gangrenosum-acne-hidradenitis suppurativa-ankylosing spondylitis syndrome, psoriatic arthritis-pyoderma gangrenosum-acne-hidradenitis suppurativa syndrome, megalencephaly-polydactyly syndrome, Leigh syndrome, mitochondrial, auroneurodental syndrome, orofacial clefting-cardiac anomalies-facial dysmorphism syndrome, Grisel syndrome, arterial tortuosity-bone fragility syndrome, dialysis disequilibrium syndrome, brain abnormalities-severe developmental delay-facial dysmorphism-intellectual disability syndrome due to MEF2C mutation, Kariminejad neurodevelopmental syndrome, myelofibrosis, congenital, with anemia, neutropenia, developmental delay, and ocular abnormalities, brain malformation renal syndrome, myopathy with myalgia, increased serum creatine kinase, and with or without episodic rhabdomyolysis 2, Karayol-Borroto-Haghshenas neurodevelopmental syndrome, neurodegeneration, infantile-onset, with optic atrophy and brain abnormalities, Morimoto-Ryu-Malicdan neuromuscular syndrome, neurodevelopmental disorder with dysmorphic facies, absent speech and ambulation, and brain abnormalities, neurodevelopmental disorder with variable familial hypercholanemia, Pan-Chung-Bellen syndrome, telangiectasia, impaired intellectual development, microcephaly, metaphyseal dysplasia, eye abnormalities, and short stature, Muggenthaler-Chowdhury-Chioza syndrome, Tayoun-Maawali syndrome, ragopathy, cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic syndrome, craniofaciocardiohepatic syndrome, FICUS syndrome, Li-Takada-Miyake syndrome, Guillouet-Gordon syndrome, ICHAD syndrome, cataract, alopecia, oral mucosal disorder, and psoriasis-like syndrome, RAC2-related combined immunodeficiency-bronchiectasis-cancer-predisposing syndrome, oculovertebral syndrome, Alsahan-Harris syndrome, Ververi-Brady syndrome, Dursun-Ozgul neurodevelopmental syndrome, immune dysregulation, neurodevelopmental defects, and colitis, Harel-Tora neurodevelopmental syndrome, Valence-Farazi cerebellar ataxia syndrome, dyschromatosis, ichthyosis, deafness, and atopic disease, Ramond-Elliott neurodevelopmental syndrome, STAD syndrome, craniosynostosis-scoliosis syndrome, loin pain hematuria syndrome, IRF6-related condition, linkeropathy, NDUFB11-related disorders, CRYAB-related myofibrillar myopathy-cataract-cardiomyopathy spectrum disorder, TSEN2-related neurodevelopmental disorder with or without thrombotic microangiopathy, antiphospholipid syndrome
Subtypes (1): familial long QT syndrome
Genetics & variants
GWAS landscape
No GWAS associations recorded — common-variant (GWAS) studies don’t cover this disease (typical for Mendelian / rare diseases). See the curated gene cohort and Mendelian overlap below.
Variant details and genetic-evidence tiers
ClinVar germline variants
600 retrieved; paginated sample, class counts are floors:
415 uncertain significance, 75 likely benign, 61 conflicting classifications of pathogenicity, 31 pathogenic, 9 likely pathogenic, 5 pathogenic/likely pathogenic, 2 benign, 2 benign/likely benign
| ClinVar | Variant (HGVS) | Gene | Classification | Review |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1065921 | NM_000219.6(KCNE1):c.1A>T (p.Met1Leu) | KCNE1 | Pathogenic | criteria provided, single submitter |
| 1001814 | NM_000238.4(KCNH2):c.1897A>C (p.Asn633His) | KCNH2 | Pathogenic | criteria provided, single submitter |
| 1058879 | NM_000238.4(KCNH2):c.1825_1830del (p.Asp609_Lys610del) | KCNH2 | Pathogenic | criteria provided, single submitter |
| 1068864 | NC_000007.13:g.(?150644406)(150644976_?)del | KCNH2 | Pathogenic | criteria provided, single submitter |
| 1068865 | NC_000007.13:g.(?150642447)(150656830_?)del | KCNH2 | Pathogenic | criteria provided, single submitter |
| 1068866 | NC_000007.13:g.(?150654369)(150656834_?)del | KCNH2 | Pathogenic | criteria provided, single submitter |
| 1068978 | NM_000238.4(KCNH2):c.2555del (p.Phe852fs) | KCNH2 | Pathogenic | criteria provided, single submitter |
| 1069284 | NM_000238.4(KCNH2):c.1420_1472del (p.Thr474fs) | KCNH2 | Pathogenic | criteria provided, single submitter |
| 1069329 | NM_000238.4(KCNH2):c.544_556del (p.Ser182fs) | KCNH2 | Pathogenic | criteria provided, single submitter |
| 1070208 | NM_000238.4(KCNH2):c.221_242del (p.Thr74fs) | KCNH2 | Pathogenic/Likely pathogenic | criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts |
| 1070517 | NM_000238.4(KCNH2):c.669del (p.Leu225fs) | KCNH2 | Pathogenic | criteria provided, single submitter |
| 1070541 | NM_000238.4(KCNH2):c.3086_3099del (p.Ser1029fs) | KCNH2 | Pathogenic | criteria provided, single submitter |
| 1070567 | NM_000238.4(KCNH2):c.1707_1711dup (p.Ile571fs) | KCNH2 | Pathogenic | criteria provided, single submitter |
| 1072040 | NM_000238.4(KCNH2):c.3097_3106dup (p.Gly1036fs) | KCNH2 | Pathogenic | criteria provided, single submitter |
| 1072580 | NM_000238.4(KCNH2):c.2676_2680dup (p.Arg894fs) | KCNH2 | Pathogenic | criteria provided, single submitter |
| 1072804 | NM_000238.4(KCNH2):c.955_956del (p.Thr319fs) | KCNH2 | Pathogenic | criteria provided, single submitter |
| 1073738 | NM_000238.4(KCNH2):c.2931_2932insCTGGAGGCCCTTCTCCAGCCCCAGGCCCCCCGGAGAGCCGCCGGGTGGGGAGCCCCTGATGGAGGACTGC (p.Glu978fs) | KCNH2 | Pathogenic | criteria provided, single submitter |
| 1074304 | NM_000238.4(KCNH2):c.3101_3108del (p.Pro1034fs) | KCNH2 | Pathogenic | criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts |
| 1074305 | NM_000238.4(KCNH2):c.2775del (p.Pro926fs) | KCNH2 | Pathogenic/Likely pathogenic | criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts |
| 1076264 | NM_000238.4(KCNH2):c.3255dup (p.Pro1086fs) | KCNH2 | Pathogenic | criteria provided, single submitter |
| 1076382 | NM_000238.4(KCNH2):c.817C>T (p.Arg273Ter) | KCNH2 | Pathogenic/Likely pathogenic | criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts |
| 1076538 | NM_000238.4(KCNH2):c.2682_2685dup (p.Asp896fs) | KCNH2 | Pathogenic | criteria provided, single submitter |
| 1076966 | NM_000238.4(KCNH2):c.893del (p.Pro298fs) | KCNH2 | Pathogenic/Likely pathogenic | criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts |
| 1018501 | NM_000218.3(KCNQ1):c.1559T>C (p.Met520Thr) | KCNQ1 | Pathogenic | criteria provided, single submitter |
| 1066272 | NM_000218.3(KCNQ1):c.1394-1G>C | KCNQ1 | Pathogenic | criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts |
| 1068919 | NM_000218.3(KCNQ1):c.1344dup (p.Glu449fs) | KCNQ1 | Pathogenic | criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts |
| 1069232 | NM_000218.3(KCNQ1):c.1730C>G (p.Ser577Ter) | KCNQ1 | Pathogenic/Likely pathogenic | criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts |
| 1072801 | NM_000218.3(KCNQ1):c.160_175del (p.Ile54fs) | KCNQ1 | Pathogenic | criteria provided, single submitter |
| 1074347 | NM_000218.3(KCNQ1):c.359G>A (p.Trp120Ter) | KCNQ1 | Pathogenic | criteria provided, single submitter |
| 1074799 | NC_000011.9:g.(?2797170)(2798282_?)del | KCNQ1 | Pathogenic | criteria provided, single submitter |
Genes & proteins
Mendelian disease overlap and somatic drivers
GenCC: 1 · Orphanet: 130 · OMIM-shared: 0 · Dual-evidence (GWAS+Mendelian): 0
GenCC gene–disease validity (cohort genes)
the Disease column is the GenCC-asserted condition — a cohort gene’s strongest validity may be for a related predisposition syndrome.
| Gene | Classification | Inheritance | Disease | Records |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| RNF207 | Limited | Autosomal dominant | long QT syndrome |
Orphanet rare-disease linkage (cohort genes)
| Gene | Orphanet ID | Rare disease |
|---|---|---|
| RYR1 | Orphanet:169186 | Autosomal recessive centronuclear myopathy |
| RYR1 | Orphanet:169189 | Autosomal dominant centronuclear myopathy |
| RYR1 | Orphanet:178145 | Moderate multiminicore disease with hand involvement |
| RYR1 | Orphanet:324581 | Benign Samaritan congenital myopathy |
| RYR1 | Orphanet:33108 | Lethal multiple pterygium syndrome |
| RYR1 | Orphanet:423 | Malignant hyperthermia of anesthesia |
| RYR1 | Orphanet:424107 | Congenital myopathy with myasthenic-like onset |
| RYR1 | Orphanet:466650 | Exercise-induced malignant hyperthermia |
| RYR1 | Orphanet:597 | Central core disease |
| RYR1 | Orphanet:700188 | Calf-predominant weakness-gastrocnemius medialis atrophy-distal myopathy |
| RYR1 | Orphanet:98905 | Congenital multicore myopathy with external ophthalmoplegia |
| RYR1 | Orphanet:99741 | King-Denborough syndrome |
| RYR2 | Orphanet:293888 | Inherited isolated arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy, dominant-left variant |
| RYR2 | Orphanet:293899 | Inherited isolated arrhythmogenic ventricular dysplasia, biventricular variant |
| RYR2 | Orphanet:293910 | Inherited isolated arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy, dominant-right variant |
| RYR2 | Orphanet:3286 | Catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia |
| SCN1B | Orphanet:130 | Brugada syndrome |
| SCN1B | Orphanet:1934 | Early infantile developmental and epileptic encephalopathy |
| SCN1B | Orphanet:33069 | Dravet syndrome |
| SCN1B | Orphanet:334 | Hereditary atrial fibrillation |
| SCN1B | Orphanet:36387 | Genetic epilepsy with febrile seizure plus |
| SCN1B | Orphanet:871 | Hereditary progressive cardiac conduction defect |
| SCN4A | Orphanet:681 | Hypokalemic periodic paralysis |
| SCN4A | Orphanet:682 | Hyperkalemic periodic paralysis |
| SCN4A | Orphanet:684 | Paramyotonia congenita of Von Eulenburg |
| SCN4A | Orphanet:98913 | Postsynaptic congenital myasthenic syndrome |
| SCN4A | Orphanet:99734 | Myotonia fluctuans |
| SCN4A | Orphanet:99735 | Myotonia permanens |
| SCN4A | Orphanet:99736 | Acetazolamide-responsive myotonia |
| SCN5A | Orphanet:101016 | Romano-Ward syndrome |
| SCN5A | Orphanet:130 | Brugada syndrome |
| SCN5A | Orphanet:1344 | Isolated atrial standstill |
| SCN5A | Orphanet:154 | Familial isolated dilated cardiomyopathy |
| SCN5A | Orphanet:166282 | Hereditary sick sinus syndrome |
| SCN5A | Orphanet:228140 | Idiopathic ventricular fibrillation |
| SCN5A | Orphanet:334 | Hereditary atrial fibrillation |
| SCN5A | Orphanet:871 | Hereditary progressive cardiac conduction defect |
| SLC6A2 | Orphanet:443236 | Postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome due to NET deficiency |
| SNTA1 | Orphanet:101016 | Romano-Ward syndrome |
| SYK | Orphanet:695807 | Immunodeficiency-systemic inflammation-lymphoma predisposition syndrome |
| TCAP | Orphanet:154 | Familial isolated dilated cardiomyopathy |
| TCAP | Orphanet:34514 | Telethonin-related limb-girdle muscular dystrophy R7 |
| TGFB3 | Orphanet:293888 | Inherited isolated arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy, dominant-left variant |
| TGFB3 | Orphanet:293899 | Inherited isolated arrhythmogenic ventricular dysplasia, biventricular variant |
| TGFB3 | Orphanet:293910 | Inherited isolated arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy, dominant-right variant |
| TGFB3 | Orphanet:60030 | Loeys-Dietz syndrome |
| TGFB3 | Orphanet:91387 | Familial thoracic aortic aneurysm and aortic dissection |
| TMPO | Orphanet:154 | Familial isolated dilated cardiomyopathy |
| TNNI3 | Orphanet:154 | Familial isolated dilated cardiomyopathy |
| TNNI3 | Orphanet:75249 | Familial isolated restrictive cardiomyopathy |
Cohort genes → proteins
75 cohort genes, 75 distinct canonical proteins.
Evidence partition
| Subset | Genes |
|---|---|
| multi_evidence | 75 |
Cohort genes (full)
| Symbol | HGNC | Ensembl | UniProt | Name | Evidence |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| RNF207 | HGNC:32947 | ENSG00000158286 | Q6ZRF8 | RING finger protein 207 | gencc,clinvar |
| RHEB | HGNC:10011 | ENSG00000106615 | Q15382 | GTP-binding protein Rheb | clinvar |
| RYR1 | HGNC:10483 | ENSG00000196218 | P21817 | Ryanodine receptor 1 | clinvar |
| RYR2 | HGNC:10484 | ENSG00000198626 | Q92736 | Ryanodine receptor 2 | clinvar |
| SCN1B | HGNC:10586 | ENSG00000105711 | Q07699 | Sodium channel regulatory subunit beta-1 | clinvar |
| SCN4A | HGNC:10591 | ENSG00000007314 | P35499 | Sodium channel protein type 4 subunit alpha | clinvar |
| SCN5A | HGNC:10593 | ENSG00000183873 | Q14524 | Sodium channel protein type 5 subunit alpha | clinvar |
| SDC1 | HGNC:10658 | ENSG00000115884 | P18827 | Syndecan-1 | clinvar |
| SLC2A5 | HGNC:11010 | ENSG00000142583 | P22732 | Solute carrier family 2, facilitated glucose transporter member 5 | clinvar |
| SLC6A2 | HGNC:11048 | ENSG00000103546 | P23975 | Sodium-dependent noradrenaline transporter | clinvar |
| SNAPC4 | HGNC:11137 | ENSG00000165684 | Q5SXM2 | snRNA-activating protein complex subunit 4 | clinvar |
| SNTA1 | HGNC:11167 | ENSG00000101400 | Q13424 | Alpha-1-syntrophin | clinvar |
| SYK | HGNC:11491 | ENSG00000165025 | P43405 | Tyrosine-protein kinase SYK | clinvar |
| TCAP | HGNC:11610 | ENSG00000173991 | O15273 | Telethonin | clinvar |
| TGFB3 | HGNC:11769 | ENSG00000119699 | P10600 | Transforming growth factor beta-3 proprotein | clinvar |
| TMPO | HGNC:11875 | ENSG00000120802 | P42166 | Lamina-associated polypeptide 2, isoform alpha | clinvar |
| TNFRSF6B | HGNC:11921 | ENSG00000243509 | O95407 | Tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 6B | clinvar |
| TNNI3 | HGNC:11947 | ENSG00000129991 | P19429 | Troponin I, cardiac muscle | clinvar |
| TOP2A | HGNC:11989 | ENSG00000131747 | P11388 | DNA topoisomerase 2-alpha | clinvar |
| TTN | HGNC:12403 | ENSG00000155657 | Q8WZ42 | Titin | clinvar |
| UPP1 | HGNC:12576 | ENSG00000183696 | Q16831 | Uridine phosphorylase 1 | clinvar |
| USP19 | HGNC:12617 | ENSG00000172046 | O94966 | Ubiquitin carboxyl-terminal hydrolase 19 | clinvar |
| VCL | HGNC:12665 | ENSG00000035403 | P18206 | Vinculin | clinvar |
| VSX1 | HGNC:12723 | ENSG00000100987 | Q9NZR4 | Visual system homeobox 1 | clinvar |
| YME1L1 | HGNC:12843 | ENSG00000136758 | Q96TA2 | ATP-dependent zinc metalloprotease YME1L1 | clinvar |
| ZNF174 | HGNC:12963 | ENSG00000103343 | Q15697 | Zinc finger protein 174 | clinvar |
| TLNRD1 | HGNC:13519 | ENSG00000140406 | Q9H1K6 | Talin rod domain-containing protein 1 | clinvar |
| CACNA1C | HGNC:1390 | ENSG00000151067 | Q13936 | Voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1C | clinvar |
| CACNA1D | HGNC:1391 | ENSG00000157388 | Q01668 | Voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1D | clinvar |
| CACNA1S | HGNC:1397 | ENSG00000081248 | Q13698 | Voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1S | clinvar |
| CACNA2D1 | HGNC:1399 | ENSG00000153956 | P54289 | Voltage-dependent calcium channel subunit alpha-2/delta-1 | clinvar |
| CACNB2 | HGNC:1402 | ENSG00000165995 | Q08289 | Voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit beta-2 | clinvar |
| JPH2 | HGNC:14202 | ENSG00000149596 | Q9BR39 | Junctophilin-2 | clinvar |
| STK32B | HGNC:14217 | ENSG00000152953 | Q9NY57 | Serine/threonine-protein kinase 32B | clinvar |
| SHANK3 | HGNC:14294 | ENSG00000251322 | Q9BYB0 | SH3 and multiple ankyrin repeat domains protein 3 | clinvar |
| CALM1 | HGNC:1442 | ENSG00000198668 | P0DP23 | Calmodulin-1 | clinvar |
| CALM2 | HGNC:1445 | ENSG00000143933 | P0DP24 | Calmodulin-2 | clinvar |
| NET1 | HGNC:14592 | ENSG00000173848 | Q7Z628 | Neuroepithelial cell-transforming gene 1 protein | clinvar |
| CRELD1 | HGNC:14630 | ENSG00000163703 | Q96HD1 | Protein disulfide isomerase CRELD1 | clinvar |
| SIRT6 | HGNC:14934 | ENSG00000077463 | Q8N6T7 | NAD-dependent protein deacylase sirtuin-6 | clinvar |
| CASQ2 | HGNC:1513 | ENSG00000118729 | O14958 | Calsequestrin-2 | clinvar |
| CAV3 | HGNC:1529 | ENSG00000182533 | P56539 | Caveolin-3 | clinvar |
| SNAPC5 | HGNC:15484 | ENSG00000174446 | O75971 | snRNA-activating protein complex subunit 5 | clinvar |
| LDB3 | HGNC:15710 | ENSG00000122367 | O75112 | LIM domain-binding protein 3 | clinvar |
| ANKRD1 | HGNC:15819 | ENSG00000148677 | Q15327 | Ankyrin repeat domain-containing protein 1 | clinvar |
| REM1 | HGNC:15922 | ENSG00000088320 | O75628 | GTP-binding protein REM 1 | clinvar |
| ZNF341 | HGNC:15992 | ENSG00000131061 | Q9BYN7 | Zinc finger protein 341 | clinvar |
| MYLK2 | HGNC:16243 | ENSG00000101306 | Q9H1R3 | Myosin light chain kinase 2, skeletal/cardiac muscle | clinvar |
| ACTN2 | HGNC:164 | ENSG00000077522 | P35609 | Alpha-actinin-2 | clinvar |
| SLMAP | HGNC:16643 | ENSG00000163681 | Q14BN4 | Sarcolemmal membrane-associated protein | clinvar |
Cohort function summary
Lead sentence per gene, UniProt-curated.
| Symbol | Protein name | Function (lead sentence) |
|---|---|---|
| RNF207 | RING finger protein 207 | Plays a role in cardiac repolarization possibly by stabilizing membrane expression of the potassium channel KCNH2/HERG, or by assisting its synthesis, folding or export from the endoplasmic reticulum, in a heat shock protein-dependent mann… |
| RHEB | GTP-binding protein Rheb | Small GTPase that acts as an allosteric activator of the canonical mTORC1 complex, an evolutionarily conserved central nutrient sensor that stimulates anabolic reactions and macromolecule biosynthesis to promote cellular biomass generation… |
| RYR1 | Ryanodine receptor 1 | Cytosolic calcium-activated calcium channel that mediates the release of Ca(2+) from the sarcoplasmic reticulum into the cytosol and thereby plays a key role in triggering muscle contraction following depolarization of T-tubules. |
| RYR2 | Ryanodine receptor 2 | Cytosolic calcium-activated calcium channel that mediates the release of Ca(2+) from the sarcoplasmic reticulum into the cytosol and thereby plays a key role in triggering cardiac muscle contraction. |
| SCN1B | Sodium channel regulatory subunit beta-1 | Regulatory subunit of multiple voltage-gated sodium (Nav) channels directly mediating the depolarization of excitable membranes. |
| SCN4A | Sodium channel protein type 4 subunit alpha | Pore-forming subunit of Nav1.4, a voltage-gated sodium (Nav) channel that directly mediates the depolarizing phase of action potentials in excitable membranes. |
| SCN5A | Sodium channel protein type 5 subunit alpha | Pore-forming subunit of Nav1.5, a voltage-gated sodium (Nav) channel that directly mediates the depolarizing phase of action potentials in excitable membranes. |
| SDC1 | Syndecan-1 | Cell surface proteoglycan that contains both heparan sulfate and chondroitin sulfate and that links the cytoskeleton to the interstitial matrix. |
| SLC2A5 | Solute carrier family 2, facilitated glucose transporter member 5 | Functions as a fructose transporter that has only low activity with other monosaccharides. |
| SLC6A2 | Sodium-dependent noradrenaline transporter | Mediates sodium- and chloride-dependent transport of norepinephrine (also known as noradrenaline), the primary signaling neurotransmitter in the autonomic sympathetic nervous system. |
| SNAPC4 | snRNA-activating protein complex subunit 4 | Part of the SNAPc complex required for the transcription of both RNA polymerase II and III small-nuclear RNA genes. |
| SNTA1 | Alpha-1-syntrophin | Adapter protein that binds to and probably organizes the subcellular localization of a variety of membrane proteins. |
| SYK | Tyrosine-protein kinase SYK | Non-receptor tyrosine kinase which mediates signal transduction downstream of a variety of transmembrane receptors including classical immunoreceptors like the B-cell receptor (BCR). |
| TCAP | Telethonin | Muscle assembly regulating factor. |
| TGFB3 | Transforming growth factor beta-3 proprotein | Transforming growth factor beta-3 proprotein: Precursor of the Latency-associated peptide (LAP) and Transforming growth factor beta-3 (TGF-beta-3) chains, which constitute the regulatory and active subunit of TGF-beta-3, respectively. |
| TMPO | Lamina-associated polypeptide 2, isoform alpha | May be involved in the structural organization of the nucleus and in the post-mitotic nuclear assembly. |
| TNFRSF6B | Tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 6B | Decoy receptor that can neutralize the cytotoxic ligands TNFS14/LIGHT, TNFSF15 and TNFSF6/FASL. |
| TNNI3 | Troponin I, cardiac muscle | Troponin I is the inhibitory subunit of troponin, the thin filament regulatory complex which confers calcium-sensitivity to striated muscle actomyosin ATPase activity. |
| TOP2A | DNA topoisomerase 2-alpha | Key decatenating enzyme that alters DNA topology by binding to two double-stranded DNA molecules, generating a double-stranded break in one of the strands, passing the intact strand through the broken strand, and religating the broken stra… |
| TTN | Titin | Key component in the assembly and functioning of vertebrate striated muscles. |
| UPP1 | Uridine phosphorylase 1 | Catalyzes the reversible phosphorylytic cleavage of uridine to uracil and ribose-1-phosphate which can then be utilized as carbon and energy sources or in the rescue of pyrimidine bases for nucleotide synthesis. |
| USP19 | Ubiquitin carboxyl-terminal hydrolase 19 | Deubiquitinating enzyme that regulates the degradation of various proteins by removing ubiquitin moieties, thereby preventing their proteasomal degradation. |
| VCL | Vinculin | Actin filament (F-actin)-binding protein involved in cell-matrix adhesion and cell-cell adhesion. |
| VSX1 | Visual system homeobox 1 | Binds to the 37-bp core of the locus control region (LCR) of the red/green visual pigment gene cluster. |
| YME1L1 | ATP-dependent zinc metalloprotease YME1L1 | ATP-dependent metalloprotease that catalyzes the degradation of folded and unfolded proteins with a suitable degron sequence in the mitochondrial intermembrane region. |
| ZNF174 | Zinc finger protein 174 | Transcriptional repressor. |
| TLNRD1 | Talin rod domain-containing protein 1 | Actin-binding protein which may have an oncogenic function and regulates cell proliferation, migration and invasion in cancer cells. |
| CACNA1C | Voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1C | Pore-forming, alpha-1C subunit of the voltage-gated calcium channel that gives rise to L-type calcium currents. |
| CACNA1D | Voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1D | Voltage-sensitive calcium channels (VSCC) mediate the entry of calcium ions into excitable cells and are also involved in a variety of calcium-dependent processes, including muscle contraction, hormone or neurotransmitter release, gene exp… |
| CACNA1S | Voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1S | Pore-forming, alpha-1S subunit of the voltage-gated calcium channel that gives rise to L-type calcium currents in skeletal muscle. |
| CACNA2D1 | Voltage-dependent calcium channel subunit alpha-2/delta-1 | The alpha-2/delta subunit of voltage-dependent calcium channels regulates calcium current density and activation/inactivation kinetics of the calcium channel. |
| CACNB2 | Voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit beta-2 | Beta subunit of voltage-dependent calcium channels which contributes to the function of the calcium channel by increasing peak calcium current. |
| JPH2 | Junctophilin-2 | Membrane-binding protein that provides a structural bridge between the plasma membrane and the sarcoplasmic reticulum and is required for normal excitation-contraction coupling in cardiomyocytes. |
| SHANK3 | SH3 and multiple ankyrin repeat domains protein 3 | Major scaffold postsynaptic density protein which interacts with multiple proteins and complexes to orchestrate the dendritic spine and synapse formation, maturation and maintenance. |
| CALM1 | Calmodulin-1 | Calmodulin acts as part of a calcium signal transduction pathway by mediating the control of a large number of enzymes, ion channels, aquaporins and other proteins through calcium-binding. |
| CALM2 | Calmodulin-2 | Calmodulin acts as part of a calcium signal transduction pathway by mediating the control of a large number of enzymes, ion channels, aquaporins and other proteins through calcium-binding. |
| NET1 | Neuroepithelial cell-transforming gene 1 protein | Acts as a guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) for RhoA GTPase. |
| CRELD1 | Protein disulfide isomerase CRELD1 | Protein disulfide isomerase. |
| SIRT6 | NAD-dependent protein deacylase sirtuin-6 | NAD-dependent protein deacetylase, deacylase and mono-ADP-ribosyltransferase that plays an essential role in DNA damage repair, telomere maintenance, metabolic homeostasis, inflammation, tumorigenesis and aging. |
| CASQ2 | Calsequestrin-2 | Calsequestrin is a high-capacity, moderate affinity, calcium-binding protein and thus acts as an internal calcium store in muscle. |
| CAV3 | Caveolin-3 | May act as a scaffolding protein within caveolar membranes. |
| SNAPC5 | snRNA-activating protein complex subunit 5 | Part of the SNAPc complex required for the transcription of both RNA polymerase II and III small-nuclear RNA genes. |
| LDB3 | LIM domain-binding protein 3 | May function as an adapter in striated muscle to couple protein kinase C-mediated signaling via its LIM domains to the cytoskeleton. |
| ANKRD1 | Ankyrin repeat domain-containing protein 1 | May play an important role in endothelial cell activation. |
| REM1 | GTP-binding protein REM 1 | Promotes endothelial cell sprouting and actin cytoskeletal reorganization. |
| ZNF341 | Zinc finger protein 341 | Transcriptional activator of STAT3 involved in the regulation of immune homeostasis. |
| MYLK2 | Myosin light chain kinase 2, skeletal/cardiac muscle | Implicated in the level of global muscle contraction and cardiac function. |
| ACTN2 | Alpha-actinin-2 | F-actin cross-linking protein which is thought to anchor actin to a variety of intracellular structures. |
| SLMAP | Sarcolemmal membrane-associated protein | Associates with the striatin-interacting phosphatase and kinase (STRIPAK) core complex, forming the extended (SIKE1:SLMAP)STRIPAK complex. |
| UBR5 | E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase UBR5 | E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase involved in different protein quality control pathways in the cytoplasm and nucleus. |
Protein-family classification
Druggable: 28 · Difficult: 19 · Unknown: 28 · Druggable fraction: 0.37
Family distribution
Cohort families vs a genome-wide background (hypergeometric, BH-FDR; fold = observed/expected). Counts kept; sorted by enrichment, so the catch-all Other/Unknown bucket no longer leads.
| Family | Genes | Fold | FDR |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ion channel | 9 | 13.4× | 2e-07 |
| Scaffold/PPI | 9 | 2.1× | 0.143 |
| Kinase | 6 | 2.2× | 0.178 |
| Antibody/Immunoglobulin | 4 | 1.6× | 0.639 |
| Protease | 3 | 1.5× | 0.673 |
| Transcription factor | 10 | 1.1× | 0.707 |
| Transporter | 1 | 1.0× | 0.888 |
| Other/Unknown | 28 | 0.7× | 1.000 |
| Enzyme (other) | 4 | 0.6× | 1.000 |
| GPCR | 1 | 0.3× | 1.000 |
Per-gene assignment
| Symbol | Family | Druggable? | EC | InterPro (top 3) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| RNF207 | Transcription factor | no | Znf_B-box, Znf_RING, Znf_RING/FYVE/PHD | |
| RHEB | Enzyme (other) | yes | 3.6.5.2 | Small_GTPase, Small_GTP-bd, Small_GTPase_Ras-type |
| RYR1 | Ion channel | yes | RIH_dom, B30.2/SPRY, Ryanodine_rcpt | |
| RYR2 | Ion channel | yes | RIH_dom, B30.2/SPRY, EF_hand_dom | |
| SCN1B | Antibody/Immunoglobulin | yes | Ig_V-set, Ig-like_fold, Na_channel_b1/b3 | |
| SCN4A | Ion channel | yes | Na_channel_asu, Ion_trans_dom, Na_channel_a4su_mammal | |
| SCN5A | Ion channel | yes | Na_channel_asu, Ion_trans_dom, Na_channel_a5su | |
| SDC1 | Other/Unknown | no | Syndecan, Neurexin-like, Syndecan/Neurexin_dom | |
| SLC2A5 | Transporter | yes | Fru_transpt_5, Sugar/inositol_transpt, MFS_sugar_transport-like | |
| SLC6A2 | Other/Unknown | no | Na/ntran_symport, Na/ntran_symport_noradrenaline, SNS_sf | |
| SNAPC4 | Transcription factor | no | SANT/Myb, Homeodomain-like_sf, SANT_dom | |
| SNTA1 | Scaffold/PPI | no | PDZ, PH_domain, PH-like_dom_sf | |
| SYK | Kinase | yes | 2.7.10.2 | Prot_kinase_dom, SH2, Ser-Thr/Tyr_kinase_cat_dom |
| TCAP | Other/Unknown | no | Telethonin, Titin-like_dom_sf | |
| TGFB3 | Other/Unknown | no | TGF-b_propeptide, TGF-b_C, TGF-beta-like | |
| TMPO | Other/Unknown | no | LEM_dom, LEM/LEM-like_dom_sf, LEM-like_dom | |
| TNFRSF6B | Other/Unknown | no | TNFR/NGFR_Cys_rich_reg, TNFRSF6B_N, TNFRSF_decoy_receptor | |
| TNNI3 | Other/Unknown | no | Troponin, Troponin-I_N, Troponin_sf | |
| TOP2A | Enzyme (other) | yes | 5.6.2.2 | TopoII_euk, Topo_IIA, Topo_IIA_dom_A |
| TTN | Kinase | yes | 2.7.11.1 | Prot_kinase_dom, Ig_sub2, Ig_sub |
| UPP1 | Enzyme (other) | yes | 2.4.2.3 | Nucleoside_phosphorylase_d, Uridine_phosphorylase_euk, Nucleoside_phosphorylase_CS |
| USP19 | Protease | yes | Peptidase_C19_UCH, Znf_MYND, CS_dom | |
| VCL | Other/Unknown | no | Vinculin_CS, Vinculin/catenin, Vinculin | |
| VSX1 | Transcription factor | no | HD, Homeodomain-like_sf, Homeobox_CS | |
| YME1L1 | Protease | yes | 3.4.24.B18 | Peptidase_M41, AAA+_ATPase, ATPase_AAA_core |
| ZNF174 | Transcription factor | no | SCAN_dom, Znf_C2H2_type, Znf_C2H2_sf | |
| TLNRD1 | Other/Unknown | no | TLNRD1, Talin_IBS2B | |
| CACNA1C | Ion channel | yes | VDCCAlpha1, VDCC_L_a1su, VDCC_L_a1csu | |
| CACNA1D | Ion channel | yes | VDCCAlpha1, VDCC_L_a1su, LVDCC_a1dsu | |
| CACNA1S | Ion channel | yes | VDCCAlpha1, VDCC_L_a1su, VDCC_L_a1ssu | |
| CACNA2D1 | Other/Unknown | no | VWF_A, VWA_N, VDCC_a2/dsu | |
| CACNB2 | Scaffold/PPI | no | VDCC_L_bsu, SH3_domain, VDCC_L_b2su | |
| JPH2 | Other/Unknown | no | MORN, Junctophilin | |
| STK32B | Kinase | yes | Prot_kinase_dom, Ser/Thr_kinase_AS, Kinase-like_dom_sf | |
| SHANK3 | Scaffold/PPI | no | SH3_domain, PDZ, SAM | |
| CALM1 | Other/Unknown | no | EF_hand_dom, EF-hand-dom_pair, EF_Hand_1_Ca_BS | |
| CALM2 | Other/Unknown | no | EF_hand_dom, EF-hand-dom_pair, EF_Hand_1_Ca_BS | |
| NET1 | Scaffold/PPI | no | DH_dom, GDS_CDC24_CS, PH_domain | |
| CRELD1 | Other/Unknown | no | EGF-type_Asp/Asn_hydroxyl_site, EGF, EGF-like_Ca-bd_dom | |
| SIRT6 | Enzyme (other) | yes | 2.3.1.B41 | Sirtuin, Ssirtuin_cat_dom, DHS-like_NAD/FAD-binding_dom |
| CASQ2 | Other/Unknown | no | Calsequestrin, Calsequestrin_CS, Thioredoxin-like_sf | |
| CAV3 | Other/Unknown | no | Caveolin, Caveolin_CS | |
| SNAPC5 | Other/Unknown | no | SNAPC5 | |
| LDB3 | Transcription factor | no | PDZ, Znf_LIM, Zasp-like_motif | |
| ANKRD1 | Scaffold/PPI | no | Ankyrin_rpt, Ankyrin_rpt-contain_sf | |
| REM1 | Other/Unknown | no | Small_GTPase, Small_GTP-bd, RGK | |
| ZNF341 | Transcription factor | no | Znf_C2H2_type, Znf_C2H2_sf | |
| MYLK2 | Kinase | yes | 2.7.11.18 | Prot_kinase_dom, Ser/Thr_kinase_AS, Kinase-like_dom_sf |
| ACTN2 | Other/Unknown | no | Actinin_actin-bd_CS, CH_dom, Spectrin_repeat | |
| SLMAP | Other/Unknown | no | FHA_dom, SMAD_FHA_dom_sf, Cent_Immune-Sig_Mod |
Expression context
Cohort genes with no expression data: 0.
65 cohort genes are a single-cell marker in ≥1 SCXA experiment.
Breadth distribution (Bgee present_calls)
| Bucket | Genes |
|---|---|
| narrow (1-5 tissues) | 0 |
| moderate (6-20) | 0 |
| broad (>20) | 75 |
| unknown | 0 |
Top tissues across cohort
| Tissue | Cohort genes |
|---|---|
| apex of heart | 11 |
| hindlimb stylopod muscle | 11 |
| ventricular zone | 7 |
| ganglionic eminence | 6 |
| gastrocnemius | 6 |
| skeletal muscle tissue of rectus abdominis | 6 |
| secondary oocyte | 6 |
| right hemisphere of cerebellum | 5 |
| skeletal muscle tissue of biceps brachii | 5 |
| cerebellar hemisphere | 5 |
| right atrium auricular region | 4 |
| left ventricle myocardium | 4 |
| lower esophagus mucosa | 4 |
| buccal mucosa cell | 4 |
| endothelial cell | 4 |
| cerebellar cortex | 4 |
| male germ line stem cell (sensu Vertebrata) in testis | 4 |
| middle temporal gyrus | 4 |
| gluteal muscle | 3 |
| heart right ventricle | 3 |
Per-gene tissue summary (top 30)
| Symbol | Bgee breadth | FANTOM5 breadth | SCXA | Top tissues |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| RNF207 | 196 | broad | marker | apex of heart, right atrium auricular region, heart left ventricle |
| RHEB | 218 | ubiquitous | marker | ventricular zone, embryo, ganglionic eminence |
| RYR1 | 214 | broad | marker | gluteal muscle, gastrocnemius, hindlimb stylopod muscle |
| RYR2 | 210 | broad | marker | heart right ventricle, left ventricle myocardium, myocardium |
| SCN1B | 133 | ubiquitous | marker | primary visual cortex, right hemisphere of cerebellum, cerebellum |
| SCN4A | 153 | tissue_specific | yes | hindlimb stylopod muscle, gastrocnemius, skeletal muscle tissue of rectus abdominis |
| SCN5A | 161 | broad | yes | apex of heart, heart left ventricle, cardiac ventricle |
| SDC1 | 240 | ubiquitous | marker | lower esophagus mucosa, skin of abdomen, pharyngeal mucosa |
| SLC2A5 | 231 | broad | marker | jejunal mucosa, duodenum, biceps brachii |
| SLC6A2 | 121 | ubiquitous | marker | placenta, buccal mucosa cell, decidua |
| SNAPC4 | 249 | ubiquitous | yes | sural nerve, endothelial cell, right uterine tube |
| SNTA1 | 266 | ubiquitous | marker | apex of heart, hindlimb stylopod muscle, gastrocnemius |
| SYK | 239 | broad | marker | monocyte, mononuclear cell, leukocyte |
| TCAP | 213 | tissue_specific | marker | apex of heart, hindlimb stylopod muscle, skeletal muscle tissue of rectus abdominis |
| TGFB3 | 244 | broad | marker | saphenous vein, endocervix, gall bladder |
| TMPO | 287 | ubiquitous | marker | ventricular zone, ganglionic eminence, embryo |
| TNFRSF6B | 127 | broad | yes | olfactory segment of nasal mucosa, spleen, subcutaneous adipose tissue |
| TNNI3 | 169 | broad | marker | apex of heart, left ventricle myocardium, right atrium auricular region |
| TOP2A | 217 | ubiquitous | marker | ventricular zone, ganglionic eminence, secondary oocyte |
| TTN | 223 | broad | marker | biceps brachii, gluteal muscle, skeletal muscle tissue of biceps brachii |
| UPP1 | 235 | ubiquitous | marker | lower esophagus mucosa, right hemisphere of cerebellum, cerebellar hemisphere |
| USP19 | 275 | ubiquitous | marker | gastrocnemius, hindlimb stylopod muscle, muscle of leg |
| VCL | 300 | ubiquitous | marker | saphenous vein, blood vessel layer, urethra |
| VSX1 | 110 | tissue_specific | marker | cerebellar hemisphere, cerebellar cortex, right hemisphere of cerebellum |
| YME1L1 | 295 | ubiquitous | marker | germinal epithelium of ovary, tibia, parietal pleura |
| ZNF174 | 206 | ubiquitous | yes | endothelial cell, male germ line stem cell (sensu Vertebrata) in testis, apex of heart |
| TLNRD1 | 249 | ubiquitous | marker | ileal mucosa, lower lobe of lung, cardiac muscle of right atrium |
| CACNA1C | 134 | broad | marker | apex of heart, right coronary artery, muscle layer of sigmoid colon |
| CACNA1D | 219 | broad | marker | buccal mucosa cell, adrenal tissue, right lung |
| CACNA1S | 105 | tissue_specific | marker | gluteal muscle, hindlimb stylopod muscle, triceps brachii |
Protein interactions among cohort
Intra-cohort edges: 92.
Hub genes (top 10 by interactor count)
| Symbol | Interactor count |
|---|---|
| TOP2A | 7,587 |
| SYK | 5,172 |
| CIT | 5,077 |
| VCL | 4,495 |
| YME1L1 | 4,274 |
| TTN | 4,237 |
| UBR5 | 4,192 |
| RHEB | 3,739 |
| SHANK3 | 3,702 |
| SIRT6 | 3,599 |
Intra-cohort edges
| A | B | Sources |
|---|---|---|
| ACTN2 | CACNA1C | biogrid_interaction |
| ACTN2 | LDB3 | biogrid_interaction, intact, string_interaction |
| ACTN2 | MYPN | biogrid_interaction, string_interaction |
| ACTN2 | NEBL | string_interaction |
| ACTN2 | SHANK3 | biogrid_interaction |
| ACTN2 | TCAP | string_interaction |
| ACTN2 | TTN | string_interaction |
| ACTN2 | VCL | string_interaction |
| ANKRD1 | MYPN | biogrid_interaction, string_interaction |
| ANKRD1 | NEBL | string_interaction |
| ANKRD1 | TCAP | string_interaction |
| ANKRD1 | TTN | biogrid_interaction, string_interaction |
| CACNA1C | CACNA1S | string_interaction |
| CACNA1C | CACNA2D1 | intact, string_interaction |
| CACNA1C | CACNB2 | intact, string_interaction |
| CACNA1C | CALM1 | intact |
| CACNA1C | CASQ2 | string_interaction |
| CACNA1C | CAV3 | string_interaction |
| CACNA1C | HCN4 | string_interaction |
| CACNA1C | JPH2 | string_interaction |
| CACNA1C | REM1 | string_interaction |
| CACNA1C | RYR2 | biogrid_interaction, string_interaction |
| CACNA1C | SCN3B | string_interaction |
| CACNA1D | CACNA2D1 | string_interaction |
| CACNA1D | CACNB2 | string_interaction |
| CACNA1D | RYR2 | string_interaction |
| CACNA1D | SHANK3 | intact |
| CACNA1S | CACNA2D1 | string_interaction |
| CACNA1S | CACNB2 | string_interaction |
| CACNA1S | CAV3 | string_interaction |
| CACNA1S | JPH2 | string_interaction |
| CACNA1S | RYR1 | string_interaction |
| CACNA2D1 | CACNB2 | string_interaction |
| CACNA2D1 | RIMS1 | intact |
| CACNA2D1 | RYR1 | string_interaction |
| CACNA2D1 | SCN5A | string_interaction |
| CACNB2 | HCN4 | string_interaction |
| CACNB2 | SCN1B | string_interaction |
| CACNB2 | SCN3B | string_interaction |
| CACNB2 | SCN5A | string_interaction |
| CALM1 | RYR1 | biogrid_interaction |
| CALM1 | RYR2 | biogrid_interaction |
| CALM1 | SCN5A | intact |
| CALM1 | TNNI3 | intact |
| CASQ2 | JPH2 | string_interaction |
| CASQ2 | RYR2 | string_interaction |
| CASQ2 | SCN5A | string_interaction |
| CAV3 | JPH2 | string_interaction |
| CAV3 | SCN5A | string_interaction |
| CAV3 | SNTA1 | string_interaction |
Structural data
PDB: 53 · AlphaFold-only: 22 · No structure: 0
Cohort genes with PDB structures (top 30)
| Symbol | UniProt | PDB entries |
|---|---|---|
| CALM1 | P0DP23 | 337 |
| SYK | P43405 | 93 |
| TTN | Q8WZ42 | 64 |
| SIRT6 | Q8N6T7 | 45 |
| SCN1B | Q07699 | 39 |
| TNNI3 | P19429 | 39 |
| VCL | P18206 | 37 |
| SLC6A2 | P23975 | 36 |
| CACNA1C | Q13936 | 33 |
| CACNA2D1 | P54289 | 30 |
| TRPM4 | Q8TD43 | 29 |
| RYR2 | Q92736 | 26 |
| ERAP1 | Q9NZ08 | 23 |
| CALM2 | P0DP24 | 21 |
| SNAPC4 | Q5SXM2 | 18 |
| SCN5A | Q14524 | 16 |
| ACTN2 | P35609 | 16 |
| RHEB | Q15382 | 15 |
| TOP2A | P11388 | 15 |
| TMPO | P42166 | 14 |
| TGFB3 | P10600 | 11 |
| UBR5 | O95071 | 11 |
| TNFRSF6B | O95407 | 8 |
| HCN4 | Q9Y3Q4 | 8 |
| CACNA1D | Q01668 | 6 |
| USP19 | O94966 | 5 |
| SNAPC5 | O75971 | 5 |
| CASQ2 | O14958 | 4 |
| WDR26 | Q9H7D7 | 4 |
| SCN4A | P35499 | 3 |
AlphaFold-only cohort genes (top 30 by pLDDT)
| Symbol | UniProt | pLDDT |
|---|---|---|
| HKDC1 | Q2TB90 | 93.37 |
| SLC2A5 | P22732 | 90.35 |
| CAV3 | P56539 | 88.54 |
| TGFBRAP1 | Q8WUH2 | 87.47 |
| STK32B | Q9NY57 | 86.38 |
| ANKRD1 | Q15327 | 82.64 |
| CRELD1 | Q96HD1 | 81.68 |
| NLRP13 | Q86W25 | 81.19 |
| SNTA1 | Q13424 | 80.00 |
| DIP2A | Q14689 | 78.93 |
| RNF207 | Q6ZRF8 | 76.18 |
| UBR7 | Q8N806 | 76.00 |
| PKD1L2 | Q7Z442 | 71.44 |
| YME1L1 | Q96TA2 | 70.79 |
| RALGAPA1 | Q6GYQ0 | 70.17 |
| CIT | O14578 | 69.75 |
| WDR25 | Q64LD2 | 68.82 |
| NOS1AP | O75052 | 65.59 |
| TDRD6 | O60522 | 64.82 |
| VSX1 | Q9NZR4 | 61.61 |
| ZNF341 | Q9BYN7 | 57.11 |
| MYPN | Q86TC9 | 52.71 |
Function
Pathway analysis
Distinct Reactome pathways touched by cohort: 526. Enrichment computed across 169 evidence-associated genes (105 with Reactome annotation).
Pathways by enrichment
Over-representation of cohort genes vs the genome-wide background (hypergeometric test, Benjamini-Hochberg FDR; fold = observed/expected over 105 annotated cohort genes). Counts and members are kept as ground-truth; sorted by enrichment.
| Pathway | Cohort genes | Fold | FDR | Sample cohort genes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Muscle contraction | 23 | 16.9× | 1e-19 | RYR1, RYR2, SCN1B, SCN4A, SCN5A, TCAP, CACNA1C, CACNB2 (+15 more) |
| Cardiac conduction | 17 | 17.6× | 1e-14 | RYR1, RYR2, SCN1B, SCN4A, SCN5A, CACNA1C, CACNB2, CALM1 (+9 more) |
| Phase 2 - plateau phase | 7 | 50.8× | 5e-09 | CACNA1C, CACNB2, AKAP9, KCNE1, KCNE2, KCNE3, KCNQ1 |
| Phase 3 - rapid repolarisation | 6 | 65.3× | 1e-08 | AKAP9, KCNE1, KCNE2, KCNE3, KCNH2, KCNQ1 |
| Striated Muscle Contraction | 8 | 23.5× | 1e-07 | TCAP, TNNI3, TTN, ACTN2, DMD, MYBPC3, MYH6, MYL3 |
| Phase 0 - rapid depolarisation | 7 | 23.1× | 1e-06 | SCN1B, SCN4A, SCN5A, CACNA1C, CACNB2, CALM1, SCN3B |
| Interaction between L1 and Ankyrins | 5 | 17.5× | 6e-04 | SCN1B, SCN4A, SCN5A, SCN3B, ANK2 |
| Adrenaline,noradrenaline inhibits insulin secretion | 4 | 15.0× | 0.009 | CACNA1C, CACNA1D, CACNB2, GNAI2 |
| Ion homeostasis | 5 | 9.7× | 0.009 | RYR1, RYR2, TNNI3, CALM1, CASQ2 |
| Inwardly rectifying K+ channels | 3 | 20.4× | 0.019 | KCNJ2, KCNJ5, KCNJ8 |
| Signaling by BRAF and RAF1 fusions | 5 | 8.1× | 0.019 | VCL, CALM1, SND1, AKAP9, LMNA |
| NCAM signaling for neurite out-growth | 4 | 10.4× | 0.022 | CACNA1C, CACNA1D, CACNA1S, CACNB2 |
| Non-integrin membrane-ECM interactions | 5 | 7.3× | 0.022 | SDC1, SNTA1, DMD, FGF2, LAMA4 |
| Axon guidance | 9 | 3.9× | 0.022 | SCN1B, SCN4A, SCN5A, CACNA1C, CACNA1D, CACNA1S, CACNB2, SCN3B (+1 more) |
| NCAM1 interactions | 4 | 9.5× | 0.024 | CACNA1C, CACNA1D, CACNA1S, CACNB2 |
| Oncogenic MAPK signaling | 4 | 9.5× | 0.024 | CALM1, SND1, AKAP9, LMNA |
| Sensory Perception | 6 | 5.4× | 0.024 | SCN1B, SDC1, CACNA1D, CACNB2, CALM1, KCNJ2 |
| Nervous system development | 9 | 3.7× | 0.024 | SCN1B, SCN4A, SCN5A, CACNA1C, CACNA1D, CACNA1S, CACNB2, SCN3B (+1 more) |
| Potassium Channels | 5 | 6.4× | 0.030 | KCNH2, KCNJ2, KCNJ5, KCNJ8, KCNQ1 |
| Glycogen metabolism | 2 | 36.2× | 0.031 | CALM1, GAA |
| Regulation of insulin secretion | 4 | 8.4× | 0.031 | CACNA1C, CACNA1D, CACNB2, GNAI2 |
| Formation of the cornified envelope | 6 | 5.0× | 0.031 | DSC2, DSC3, DSG2, DSP, JUP, PKP2 |
| L1CAM interactions | 5 | 5.7× | 0.041 | SCN1B, SCN4A, SCN5A, SCN3B, ANK2 |
| Neuronal System | 8 | 3.4× | 0.056 | CACNB2, CALM1, ACTN2, KCNH2, KCNJ2, KCNJ5, KCNJ8, KCNQ1 |
| CASP4 inflammasome assembly | 2 | 24.2× | 0.061 | CALM1, CALM2 |
| G protein gated Potassium channels | 2 | 21.8× | 0.073 | KCNJ2, KCNJ5 |
| Apoptotic cleavage of cell adhesion proteins | 2 | 19.8× | 0.085 | DSG2, DSP |
| Formation of the dystrophin-glycoprotein complex (DGC) | 3 | 8.8× | 0.088 | SNTA1, DMD, LAMA4 |
| Regulation of CDH1 Function | 2 | 18.1× | 0.094 | VCL, JUP |
| CREB1 phosphorylation through NMDA receptor-mediated activation of RAS signaling | 2 | 16.7× | 0.107 | CALM1, ACTN2 |
GO biological processes by enrichment
Over-representation of cohort genes vs the genome-wide background (hypergeometric test, Benjamini-Hochberg FDR; fold = observed/expected over 155 annotated cohort genes). Counts and members are kept as ground-truth; sorted by enrichment.
| GO term | Cohort genes | Fold | FDR | Sample cohort genes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| regulation of heart rate by cardiac conduction | 24 | 58.0× | 8e-35 | SCN1B, SCN5A, CACNA1C, CACNA1D, CACNA2D1, CACNB2, HCN4, TRPM4 (+16 more) |
| cardiac muscle contraction | 18 | 46.6× | 1e-23 | RYR2, SCN1B, SCN5A, TCAP, TNNI3, TTN, CASQ2, MYLK2 (+10 more) |
| ventricular cardiac muscle cell action potential | 13 | 83.1× | 2e-21 | RYR2, SCN5A, SNTA1, CAV3, SCN3B, GPD1L, ANK2, KCNE1 (+5 more) |
| regulation of ventricular cardiac muscle cell membrane repolarization | 13 | 70.7× | 5e-20 | SCN1B, SCN5A, SNTA1, CACNA2D1, CAV3, NOS1AP, AKAP9, ANK2 (+5 more) |
| regulation of heart rate | 14 | 42.3× | 1e-17 | RYR2, SCN5A, SNTA1, CALM1, CALM2, CASQ2, CAV3, HCN4 (+6 more) |
| cardiac muscle cell action potential involved in contraction | 11 | 49.8× | 1e-14 | SCN1B, SCN4A, SCN5A, CACNA1C, CACNA1D, CACNA2D1, SCN3B, KCNE1 (+3 more) |
| regulation of ventricular cardiac muscle cell action potential | 9 | 81.5× | 1e-14 | RYR2, CACNA1C, TRPM4, CTNNA3, DSC2, DSG2, DSP, JUP (+1 more) |
| regulation of cardiac muscle contraction | 8 | 45.8× | 5e-10 | RNF207, RYR2, CALM1, CALM2, CAV3, HCN4, NKX2-5, ANK2 |
| bundle of His cell-Purkinje myocyte adhesion involved in cell communication | 6 | 93.2× | 5e-10 | CTNNA3, DSC2, DSG2, DSP, JUP, PKP2 |
| membrane depolarization during cardiac muscle cell action potential | 7 | 63.4× | 5e-10 | SCN1B, SCN5A, CACNA1C, CACNA1D, HCN4, SCN3B, KCNJ2 |
| striated muscle contraction | 8 | 43.5× | 5e-10 | RYR1, RYR2, TTN, CACNA1S, CASQ2, MYLK2, MYH6, MYH7 |
| membrane repolarization during action potential | 6 | 65.2× | 1e-08 | KCNE1, KCNE2, KCNE3, KCNH2, KCNJ2, KCNQ1 |
| membrane repolarization during ventricular cardiac muscle cell action potential | 6 | 65.2× | 1e-08 | KCNE1, KCNE2, KCNE3, KCNH2, KCNJ8, KCNQ1 |
| muscle contraction | 11 | 14.8× | 2e-08 | RYR1, SCN4A, SNTA1, TTN, CACNA1S, SLMAP, HCN4, MYH6 (+3 more) |
| regulation of membrane repolarization | 6 | 50.2× | 7e-08 | CASQ2, AKAP9, KCNE2, KCNH2, KCNJ2, KCNQ1 |
| regulation of cardiac muscle contraction by regulation of the release of sequestered calcium ion | 7 | 30.4× | 2e-07 | RYR2, CACNA1C, CALM1, CALM2, CASQ2, DMD, ANK2 |
| regulation of sodium ion transmembrane transport | 6 | 40.8× | 3e-07 | SCN1B, SCN5A, SNTA1, CAV3, SLMAP, DMD |
| sarcomere organization | 8 | 19.8× | 4e-07 | TCAP, TTN, LDB3, ANKRD1, ACTN2, MYPN, MYBPC3, MYH6 |
| positive regulation of sodium ion transport | 6 | 32.6× | 1e-06 | SCN1B, SCN5A, SCN3B, NKX2-5, GPD1L, PKP2 |
| membrane depolarization during AV node cell action potential | 4 | 87.0× | 2e-06 | SCN5A, CACNA1C, CACNB2, TRPM4 |
| membrane depolarization during SA node cell action potential | 4 | 87.0× | 2e-06 | SCN5A, CACNA1D, HCN4, ANK2 |
| cardiac muscle tissue morphogenesis | 5 | 45.3× | 3e-06 | TCAP, TTN, ANKRD1, MYLK2, NKX2-5 |
| ventricular cardiac muscle tissue morphogenesis | 6 | 27.2× | 3e-06 | TNNI3, MYBPC3, MYH6, MYH7, MYL3, PKP2 |
| regulation of ventricular cardiac muscle cell membrane depolarization | 4 | 72.5× | 5e-06 | SCN5A, CAV3, SCN3B, GPD1L |
| SA node cell action potential | 4 | 72.5× | 5e-06 | SCN5A, HCN4, SCN3B, ANK2 |
| negative regulation of delayed rectifier potassium channel activity | 4 | 72.5× | 5e-06 | KCNE1, KCNE2, KCNE3, KCNQ1 |
| cardiac muscle cell development | 6 | 24.2× | 6e-06 | TCAP, TTN, CAV3, ACTN2, NKX2-5, MYH6 |
| potassium ion import across plasma membrane | 7 | 16.5× | 8e-06 | HCN4, KCNE2, KCNH2, KCNJ2, KCNJ5, KCNJ8, KCNQ1 |
| muscle filament sliding | 5 | 34.0× | 1e-05 | TCAP, TNNI3, TTN, MYH6, MYH7 |
| potassium ion export across plasma membrane | 5 | 34.0× | 1e-05 | KCNE1, KCNE2, KCNE3, KCNH2, KCNQ1 |
Therapeutics
Drug target analysis
Approved (phase 4): 17 · Phase ≥3: 17 · Phased (≥1): 23 · Undrugged: 52
Druggability breadth: 83 of 169 evidence-associated genes (49%) have a ChEMBL target (buckets above are over the deeply-mined display cohort).
Genes with an approved drug
The molecule shown is one approved compound that hits the gene — not necessarily a drug of choice or one indicated for this disease.
| Symbol | Example approved molecule |
|---|---|
| SCN4A | CARBAMAZEPINE |
| SCN5A | BEPRIDIL |
| SLC6A2 | CETIRIZINE |
| SYK | FEDRATINIB |
| TOP2A | IDARUBICIN |
| CACNA1C | REMIFENTANIL |
| CACNA1D | BEPRIDIL |
| CACNA1S | BEPRIDIL |
| CACNA2D1 | PREGABALIN |
| CACNB2 | NIMODIPINE |
| STK32B | NERATINIB |
| CALM1 | CLOZAPINE |
| SIRT6 | NIACINAMIDE |
| MYLK2 | FEDRATINIB |
| HCN4 | IVABRADINE |
| CIT | MOMELOTINIB |
| HKDC1 | CHLORHEXIDINE |
Top cohort targets by molecule count
| Symbol | Molecules | Max phase |
|---|---|---|
| SLC6A2 | 471 | 4 |
| SCN5A | 108 | 4 |
| CACNA1C | 85 | 4 |
| SYK | 54 | 4 |
| CACNA1D | 48 | 4 |
| CACNA1S | 48 | 4 |
| CIT | 41 | 4 |
| SCN4A | 24 | 4 |
| TOP2A | 19 | 4 |
| MYLK2 | 19 | 4 |
Drugs targeting cohort genes (top 30)
| Molecule | Max phase | Targets in cohort |
|---|---|---|
| CARBAMAZEPINE | 4 | SCN4A, SCN5A |
| PHENYTOIN | 4 | CACNA1C, CACNA1D, CACNA1S, SCN4A, SCN5A |
| LAMOTRIGINE | 4 | SCN4A, SCN5A |
| RILUZOLE | 4 | SCN4A, SCN5A, SLC6A2 |
| LIDOCAINE | 4 | SCN4A, SCN5A |
| IMIPRAMINE | 4 | CACNA1C, CACNA1D, CACNA1S, SCN4A, SCN5A, SLC6A2 |
| SERTINDOLE | 4 | CACNA1C, CACNA1D, CACNA1S, SCN4A, SCN5A, SLC6A2 |
| PIMOZIDE | 4 | CACNA1C, CACNA1D, CACNA1S, SCN4A, SCN5A, SLC6A2 |
| NIFEDIPINE | 4 | CACNA1C, CACNA1D, CACNA1S, SCN4A, SCN5A |
| DILTIAZEM | 4 | CACNA1C, CACNA1D, CACNA1S, SCN4A, SCN5A |
| MIBEFRADIL | 4 | CACNA1C, CACNA1D, CACNA1S, SCN4A, SCN5A, SLC6A2 |
| HALOPERIDOL | 4 | CACNA1C, CACNA1D, CACNA1S, SCN4A, SCN5A, SLC6A2 |
| MEXILETINE | 4 | CACNA1C, CACNA1D, CACNA1S, SCN4A, SCN5A |
| AMITRIPTYLINE | 4 | CACNA1C, CACNA1D, CACNA1S, SCN4A, SCN5A, SLC6A2 |
| AMIODARONE | 4 | CACNA1C, CACNA1D, CACNA1S, SCN4A, SCN5A, SLC6A2 |
| CHLORPROMAZINE | 4 | CACNA1C, CACNA1D, CACNA1S, CALM1, SCN4A, SCN5A |
| BEPRIDIL | 4 | CACNA1C, CACNA1D, CACNA1S, SCN5A, SLC6A2 |
| CANDESARTAN CILEXETIL | 4 | SCN5A, SLC6A2 |
| TELMISARTAN | 4 | SCN5A |
| DIBUCAINE | 4 | CACNA1C, SCN5A |
| DROPERIDOL | 4 | CACNA1C, CACNA1D, CACNA1S, SCN5A |
| PONATINIB | 4 | SCN5A, SLC6A2 |
| DULOXETINE | 4 | CACNA1C, CACNA1D, CACNA1S, SCN5A, SLC6A2 |
| PALONOSETRON | 4 | SCN5A |
| VILANTEROL | 4 | SCN5A, SLC6A2 |
| MEXILETINE HYDROCHLORIDE | 4 | SCN5A |
| UNOPROSTONE ISOPROPYL | 4 | SCN5A, SLC6A2 |
| LURASIDONE | 4 | SCN5A, SLC6A2 |
| LETERMOVIR | 4 | SCN5A |
| FEDRATINIB | 4 | CIT, MYLK2, SCN5A, SLC6A2, SYK |
Bioactivity and enzyme data
Enzyme cohort genes (≥1 EC): 10.
Cohort genes with ChEMBL bioactivity (full, sorted by assay count)
| Symbol | Assays | Type breakdown |
|---|---|---|
| TOP2A | 1,305 | Binding:1264, ADMET:22, Functional:13, Toxicity:6 |
| SLC6A2 | 929 | Binding:885, ADMET:25, Functional:15, Toxicity:3, Unclassified:1 |
| SYK | 873 | Binding:863, Functional:10 |
| SCN5A | 594 | Binding:380, Functional:98, ADMET:72, Toxicity:43, Unclassified:1 |
| CACNA1C | 575 | Binding:319, Functional:211, Toxicity:26, ADMET:19 |
| SIRT6 | 244 | Binding:240, Functional:4 |
| CACNA1D | 233 | Binding:145, Functional:81, Toxicity:5, ADMET:2 |
| CACNA1S | 228 | Binding:142, Functional:79, Toxicity:5, ADMET:2 |
| MYLK2 | 196 | Binding:196 |
| CIT | 145 | Binding:145 |
| STK32B | 118 | Binding:118 |
| SCN4A | 95 | Binding:69, Functional:18, ADMET:7, Toxicity:1 |
| ERAP1 | 88 | Binding:85, Functional:2, ADMET:1 |
| CACNA2D1 | 47 | Binding:45, ADMET:1, Toxicity:1 |
| HCN4 | 30 | Binding:20, ADMET:5, Functional:4, Toxicity:1 |
| CALM1 | 23 | Binding:23 |
| CACNB2 | 22 | Binding:20, ADMET:1, Toxicity:1 |
| UPP1 | 18 | Binding:18 |
| RYR1 | 16 | Binding:13, Functional:3 |
| RYR2 | 15 | Binding:15 |
| SCN1B | 15 | Binding:7, ADMET:6, Toxicity:2 |
| TRPM4 | 14 | Binding:13, Functional:1 |
| USP19 | 13 | Binding:13 |
| MDN1 | 9 | Binding:9 |
| TMPO | 7 | Binding:7 |
| HKDC1 | 7 | Functional:6, Binding:1 |
| SNAPC4 | 6 | Binding:6 |
| UBR7 | 6 | Binding:6 |
| WDR26 | 6 | Binding:6 |
| RHEB | 4 | Binding:4 |
| SLC2A5 | 3 | Binding:3 |
| TNNI3 | 2 | Binding:2 |
| VCL | 2 | Binding:2 |
| NET1 | 2 | Binding:2 |
| SDC1 | 1 | Binding:1 |
| TGFB3 | 1 | Binding:1 |
| TTN | 1 | Binding:1 |
| CALM2 | 1 | Binding:1 |
| LRBA | 1 | Binding:1 |
Cohort enzymes (BRENDA EC)
| Symbol | EC numbers | Names |
|---|---|---|
| RHEB | 3.6.5.2 | small monomeric GTPase |
| SYK | 2.7.10.2, 2.7.12.1 | non-specific protein-tyrosine kinase, dual-specificity kinase |
| TOP2A | 5.6.2.2, 5.99.1.3 | DNA topoisomerase (ATP-hydrolysing), DNA topoisomerase (ATP-hydrolysing) |
| TTN | 2.7.11.1 | non-specific serine/threonine protein kinase |
| UPP1 | 2.4.2.3 | uridine phosphorylase |
| YME1L1 | 3.4.24.B18 | |
| SIRT6 | 2.3.1.B41 | |
| MYLK2 | 2.7.11.18 | myosin-light-chain kinase |
| ERAP1 | 3.4.11.1, 3.4.11.22 | leucyl aminopeptidase, aminopeptidase I |
| HKDC1 | 2.7.1.1 | hexokinase |
Cohort genes with high screening signal
≥100 ChEMBL assays — a studied-ness signal; see Therapeutics for approved-drug status.
| Symbol | ChEMBL assays |
|---|---|
| SCN5A | 594 |
| SLC6A2 | 929 |
| SYK | 873 |
| TOP2A | 1,305 |
| CACNA1C | 575 |
| CACNA1D | 233 |
| CACNA1S | 228 |
| STK32B | 118 |
| SIRT6 | 244 |
| MYLK2 | 196 |
| CIT | 145 |
Pharmacogenomics
Cohort genes with a PharmGKB record: 75; with CPIC/DPWG dosing guidelines: 2.
Cohort genes with a CPIC/DPWG dosing guideline
| Symbol | CPIC guidelines |
|---|---|
| RYR1 | 1 |
| CACNA1S | 1 |
Chemical tractability of cohort targets
30 approved/phased compounds have measured bioactivity against a cohort gene (and aren’t yet in disease-level trials). This is a research / tractability signal, NOT a therapeutic recommendation — a bioactivity row often reflects off-target or screening binding (e.g. promiscuous kinase inhibitors against a cohort kinase), implying no disease mechanism.
| Compound | Max phase | Cohort target (bioactivity) |
|---|---|---|
| CARBAMAZEPINE | 4 | SCN4A, SCN5A |
| PHENYTOIN | 4 | CACNA1C, CACNA1D, CACNA1S, SCN4A, SCN5A |
| LAMOTRIGINE | 4 | SCN4A, SCN5A |
| RILUZOLE | 4 | SCN4A, SCN5A, SLC6A2 |
| LIDOCAINE | 4 | SCN4A, SCN5A |
| IMIPRAMINE | 4 | CACNA1C, CACNA1D, CACNA1S, SCN4A, SCN5A, SLC6A2 |
| SERTINDOLE | 4 | CACNA1C, CACNA1D, CACNA1S, SCN4A, SCN5A, SLC6A2 |
| PIMOZIDE | 4 | CACNA1C, CACNA1D, CACNA1S, SCN4A, SCN5A, SLC6A2 |
| NIFEDIPINE | 4 | CACNA1C, CACNA1D, CACNA1S, SCN4A, SCN5A |
| DILTIAZEM | 4 | CACNA1C, CACNA1D, CACNA1S, SCN4A, SCN5A |
| MIBEFRADIL | 4 | CACNA1C, CACNA1D, CACNA1S, SCN4A, SCN5A, SLC6A2 |
| HALOPERIDOL | 4 | CACNA1C, CACNA1D, CACNA1S, SCN4A, SCN5A, SLC6A2 |
| MEXILETINE | 4 | CACNA1C, CACNA1D, CACNA1S, SCN4A, SCN5A |
| AMITRIPTYLINE | 4 | CACNA1C, CACNA1D, CACNA1S, SCN4A, SCN5A, SLC6A2 |
| AMIODARONE | 4 | CACNA1C, CACNA1D, CACNA1S, SCN4A, SCN5A, SLC6A2 |
| CHLORPROMAZINE | 4 | CACNA1C, CACNA1D, CACNA1S, CALM1, SCN4A, SCN5A |
| BEPRIDIL | 4 | CACNA1C, CACNA1D, CACNA1S, SCN5A, SLC6A2 |
| CANDESARTAN CILEXETIL | 4 | SCN5A, SLC6A2 |
| TELMISARTAN | 4 | SCN5A |
| DIBUCAINE | 4 | CACNA1C, SCN5A |
| DROPERIDOL | 4 | CACNA1C, CACNA1D, CACNA1S, SCN5A |
| PONATINIB | 4 | SCN5A, SLC6A2 |
| DULOXETINE | 4 | CACNA1C, CACNA1D, CACNA1S, SCN5A, SLC6A2 |
| PALONOSETRON | 4 | SCN5A |
| VILANTEROL | 4 | SCN5A, SLC6A2 |
| MEXILETINE HYDROCHLORIDE | 4 | SCN5A |
| UNOPROSTONE ISOPROPYL | 4 | SCN5A, SLC6A2 |
| LURASIDONE | 4 | SCN5A, SLC6A2 |
| LETERMOVIR | 4 | SCN5A |
| FEDRATINIB | 4 | CIT, MYLK2, SCN5A, SLC6A2, SYK |
Druggability pyramid
Cohort genes binned by druggability tier (high → low):
| Tier | Definition | Genes | Symbols |
|---|---|---|---|
| A | Approved (phase 4 drug) | 17 | SCN4A, SCN5A, SLC6A2, SYK, TOP2A, CACNA1C, CACNA1D, CACNA1S, CACNA2D1, CACNB2 (+7 more) |
| B | Phased (≥1) drug, not yet approved | 6 | RYR2, SCN1B, SNAPC4, ERAP1, MDN1, WDR26 |
| C | Druggable family + PDB, no drug | 9 | RHEB, RYR1, TTN, UPP1, USP19, TRPM4, CELSR1, CD276, SCN3B |
| D | Druggable family + AlphaFold only, no drug | 3 | SLC2A5, YME1L1, MYPN |
| E | Difficult family or no structure, no drug | 40 | RNF207, SDC1, SNTA1, TCAP, TGFB3, TMPO, TNFRSF6B, TNNI3, VCL, VSX1 (+30 more) |
Undrugged target profiles
52 cohort genes are undrugged. Ranked by ‘starting-point quality’ (assay depth + drugged-partner adjacency).
| Symbol | ChEMBL assays | Drugged partners (top 3) |
|---|---|---|
| SNTA1 | 0 | SCN5A |
| JPH2 | 0 | RYR2 |
| CASQ2 | 0 | RYR2, CACNA1C |
| SNAPC5 | 0 | SNAPC4 |
| REM1 | 0 | CACNA1C |
| SCN3B | 0 | SCN5A |
| RNF207 | 0 | — |
| RHEB | 4 | — |
| RYR1 | 16 | — |
| SDC1 | 1 | — |
| SLC2A5 | 3 | — |
| TCAP | 0 | — |
| TGFB3 | 1 | — |
| TMPO | 7 | — |
| TNFRSF6B | 0 | — |
| TNNI3 | 2 | — |
| TTN | 1 | — |
| UPP1 | 18 | — |
| USP19 | 13 | — |
| VCL | 2 | — |
| VSX1 | 0 | — |
| YME1L1 | 0 | — |
| ZNF174 | 0 | — |
| TLNRD1 | 0 | — |
| SHANK3 | 0 | — |
| CALM2 | 1 | — |
| NET1 | 2 | — |
| CRELD1 | 0 | — |
| CAV3 | 0 | — |
| LDB3 | 0 | — |
Clinical trials & evidence
Clinical trials
Clinical trials: 66.
Phase distribution (across all retrieved trials)
| Phase | Trials |
|---|---|
| Not specified | 52 |
| PHASE1 | 6 |
| PHASE4 | 4 |
| PHASE2 | 3 |
| PHASE1/PHASE2 | 1 |
Top trials by phase / activity
| NCT | Phase | Status | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| NCT02513940 | PHASE4 | COMPLETED | Influence of Testosterone Administration on Drug-Induced QT Interval Prolongation and Torsades de Pointes |
| NCT03834883 | PHASE4 | COMPLETED | Reducing the Risk of Drug-Induced QT Interval Lengthening in Women |
| NCT04169100 | PHASE4 | UNKNOWN | Novel Form of Acquired Long QT Syndrome |
| NCT04675788 | PHASE4 | COMPLETED | Novel Approaches for Minimizing Drug-Induced QT Interval Lengthening |
| NCT01648205 | PHASE2 | COMPLETED | Long-term Efficacy Study of Sodium Channel Blocker in LQT3 Patients |
| NCT02412709 | PHASE2 | UNKNOWN | Long QT Syndrome Screening in Newborns |
| NCT04581408 | PHASE2 | COMPLETED | Mutation-specific Therapy for the Long QT Syndrome |
| NCT05906732 | PHASE1/PHASE2 | TERMINATED | Study of LQT-1213 on QTc-induced Prolongation in Healthy Adult Subjects (Part1) and on Congenital Long QT in Patients Diagnosed With Type 2 or 3 Long QT Syndrome (Part 2). |
| NCT00316459 | PHASE1 | COMPLETED | Study Evaluating the Effects of Multiple Oral Doses of ERB-041 on Cardiac Repolarization in Healthy Subjects |
| NCT01849003 | PHASE1 | COMPLETED | Study of the Effect of GS-6615 in Subjects With LQT-3 |
| NCT02365532 | PHASE1 | COMPLETED | Effect of Oral GS-6615 on Dofetilide-Induced QT Prolongation, Safety, and Tolerability in Healthy Adults |
| NCT02412098 | PHASE1 | COMPLETED | Pharmacokinetics of Eleclazine in Adults With Normal and Impaired Hepatic Function |
| NCT02441829 | PHASE1 | COMPLETED | Pharmacokinetics of Eleclazine in Adults With Normal and Impaired Renal Function |
| NCT05759962 | PHASE1 | COMPLETED | Phase 1 Study of LQT-1213 in Healthy Adults |
| NCT02413450 | Not specified | ENROLLING_BY_INVITATION | Derivation of Human Induced Pluripotent Stem (iPS) Cells to Heritable Cardiac Arrhythmias |
| NCT03775954 | Not specified | RECRUITING | Fetal Electrophysiologic Abnormalities in High-Risk Pregnancies Associated With Fetal Demise |
| NCT04189822 | Not specified | ENROLLING_BY_INVITATION | Hearts in Rhythm Organization (HiRO)National Registry and Bio Bank |
| NCT04336644 | Not specified | RECRUITING | Continuous Versus Intermittent cARdiac Electrical moNitorinG |
| NCT05348564 | Not specified | RECRUITING | Comparing Direct vs Indirect Methods for Cascade Screening |
| NCT05521451 | Not specified | RECRUITING | Clinical Cohort Study - TRUST |
| NCT06087367 | Not specified | RECRUITING | Building of a Diagnostic/Prognostic Database for Human ERG Variant Effects |
| NCT06546137 | Not specified | RECRUITING | National Network for Cardiovascular Genomics: Advancing Cardiovascular Healthcare for Hereditary Diseases in Brazil’s Unified Health System Through a Multicenter Registry |
| NCT06661278 | Not specified | RECRUITING | Evaluation of Exercise Testing and Physical Activity in Children and Adolescents Living With Inherited Arrhythmias |
| NCT06887387 | Not specified | RECRUITING | Wearable Devices for Patient Monitoring in Long QT Syndrome |
| NCT07233421 | Not specified | ENROLLING_BY_INVITATION | Frequency of Hypoglycemia in Children With Beta-blocker Treated Long QT-syndrome |
| NCT00005176 | Not specified | COMPLETED | Long QT Syndrome-Population Genetics and Cardiac Studies |
| NCT00005250 | Not specified | COMPLETED | Linkage Study of Long QT Syndrome In An Amish Kindred |
| NCT00005367 | Not specified | COMPLETED | Epidemiology of Long QTand Asian Sudden Death in Sleep |
| NCT00221832 | Not specified | UNKNOWN | Molecular Genetic Screening and Identification of Congenital Arrhythmogenic Diseases |
| NCT00292032 | Not specified | COMPLETED | Registry of Unexplained Cardiac Arrest |
| NCT00335036 | Not specified | TERMINATED | Pediatric Lead Extractability and Survival Evaluation (PLEASE) |
| NCT00399412 | Not specified | COMPLETED | ECG Signal Collection From Long QT Syndrome, Wide QRS Complexes, Heart Failure, and Cardiac Resynchronization Patients |
| NCT00488254 | Not specified | COMPLETED | The Long QT Syndrome in Pregnancy |
| NCT00588965 | Not specified | COMPLETED | Effect of Beta-blocker Therapy on QTc Response in Exercise and Recovery in Normal Subjects |
| NCT01705925 | Not specified | COMPLETED | Multicenter Evaluation of Children and Young Adults With Genotype Positive Long QT Syndrome |
| NCT01903564 | Not specified | COMPLETED | Fetal and Neonatal Magnetophysiology |
| NCT02082431 | Not specified | COMPLETED | Determine the Incidence of Long QT Amongst a Large Cohort of Subjects Diagnosed With Unilateral or Bilateral Sensorineural Hearing Loss. |
| NCT02425189 | Not specified | COMPLETED | The Canadian National Long QT Syndrome Registry |
| NCT02439645 | Not specified | TERMINATED | A Registry to Determine the Clinical and Genetic Risk Factors for Torsade De Pointes |
| NCT02439658 | Not specified | UNKNOWN | Genetics of QT Prolongation With Antiarrhythmics |
Drugs tested across these trials (top 30)
| Molecule | Max phase | Trials referencing |
|---|---|---|
| IBUTILIDE | 4 | 3 |
| PROGESTERONE | 4 | 3 |
| DOFETILIDE | 4 | 2 |
| TESTOSTERONE | 4 | 2 |
| ADENOSINE | 4 | 1 |
| LUMACAFTOR | 4 | 1 |
| PREDNISONE | 4 | 1 |
| RANOLAZINE | 4 | 1 |
| ELECLAZINE | 3 | 4 |
| PRINABEREL | 2 | 1 |
| CHEMBL4746472 | 0 | 2 |
| CHEMBL15720 | 0 | 1 |
| CHEMBL606298 | 0 | 1 |
Related Atlas pages
- Cohort genes: RNF207, RHEB, RYR1, RYR2, SCN1B, SCN4A, SCN5A, SDC1, SLC2A5, SLC6A2, SNAPC4, SNTA1, SYK, TCAP, TGFB3, TMPO, TNFRSF6B, TNNI3, TOP2A, TTN, UPP1, USP19, VCL, VSX1, YME1L1, ZNF174, TLNRD1, CACNA1C, CACNA1D, CACNA1S, CACNA2D1, CACNB2, JPH2, STK32B, SHANK3, CALM1, CALM2, NET1, CRELD1, SIRT6, CASQ2, CAV3, SNAPC5, LDB3, ANKRD1, REM1, ZNF341, MYLK2, ACTN2, SLMAP, UBR5, TGFBRAP1, NOS1AP, HCN4, NEBL, SYNE2, DIP2A, RIMS1, LRBA, RALGAPA1, TRPM4, ERAP1, MDN1, CELSR1, CD276, CIT, UBR7, SCN3B, WDR25, WDR26, TDRD6, PKD1L2, NLRP13, MYPN, HKDC1
- Drugs: Ibutilide, Progesterone, Dofetilide, Testosterone, Adenosine, Lumacaftor, Prednisone, Ranolazine, Eleclazine
- Associated genes: AKAP9, ALG10B, ANK2, CALM3, KCNE2, KCNH2, KCNJ2, KCNJ5, KCNQ1, SCN4B, TRDN