Malignant germ cell tumor

Summary

Malignant germ cell tumor (MONDO:0006290) is a cancer (an umbrella term covering 13 Mondo subtypes) and 29 clinical trials. Top therapeutic interventions include larotrectinib, ensartinib, and ivosidenib. A subtype of cancer — broader associated-gene and molecular evidence is on the parent page (see Disease family below).

At a glance

• Classification: Cancer
• Umbrella term: 13 Mondo subtypes
• Clinical trials: 29

Clinical features

No curated clinical features (Orphanet) for this disease.

Identifiers

Disease identifiers

Field	Value
Canonical name	malignant germ cell tumor
Mondo ID	MONDO:0006290
EFO	EFO:1000352
NCIT	C4925
SNOMED CT	145831000119103
UMLS	C4048549
MedGen	890580
GARD	0003360
Is cancer (heuristic)	yes

Also known as: cancer of germ cell · germ cell cancer · germ cell tumor, malignant · malignant germ cell neoplasm · malignant germ cell tumor · malignant neoplasm of germ cell · malignant neoplasm of the germ cell · malignant tumor of germ cell · malignant tumor of the germ cell · malignant tumour of germ cell · malignant tumour of the germ cell

Disease family

This is a subtype of cancer. Genetic, therapeutic, and trial evidence is largely curated at the broader-term level — see the parent page for the associated-gene cohort and molecular evidence.

Classification path: disease › human disease › disease by etiologic mechanism › cancer or benign tumor › neoplastic disease or syndrome › neoplasm › cancer › malignant germ cell tumor

Related subtypes (32): respiratory system cancer, immune system cancer, musculoskeletal system cancer, integumentary system cancer, peritoneum cancer, cardiovascular cancer, reproductive system cancer, malignant giant cell tumor, digestive system cancer, lipomatous cancer, thoracic cancer, malignant glomus tumor, malignant mesenchymoma, carcinoma, sarcoma, blastoma, head and neck cancer, malignant mixed neoplasm, nervous system cancer, retroperitoneal cancer, malignant mesothelioma, malignant urinary system neoplasm, childhood malignant neoplasm, anaplastic cancer, malignant spindle cell neoplasm, high grade malignant neoplasm, malignant endocrine neoplasm, malignant soft tissue neoplasm, secondary malignant neoplasm, refractory malignant neoplasm, malignant adenoma, cancer of unknown primary site

Subtypes (13): germinoma, seminoma, dysgerminoma, extragonadal germ cell cancer, pulmonary artery choriocarcinoma, malignant testicular germ cell tumor, malignant teratoma, malignant childhood germ cell neoplasm, mixed germ cell tumor, vaginal germ cell malignant tumor, malignant germ cell tumor of corpus uteri, malignant germ cell tumor of cervix uteri, malignant germ cell tumor of ovary

Genetics & variants

GWAS landscape

No GWAS associations recorded — common-variant (GWAS) studies don’t cover this disease (typical for Mendelian / rare diseases). See the curated gene cohort and Mendelian overlap below.

Variant details and genetic-evidence tiers

No tiered GWAS variants or ClinVar records for this disease.

Genes & proteins

No associated-gene cohort resolved for this disease. Atlas builds the molecular and therapeutic sections — associated genes, protein families, druggability, pathways, interactions, and drug associations — by aggregating over a disease’s associated genes (resolved via GWAS / GenCC / ClinVar / CIViC), and none resolved here. This is expected for antibody-mediated, autoimmune, or otherwise non-gene-defined conditions; the curated evidence for this disease is its clinical features, GWAS susceptibility, and clinical trials (above).

Function

No pathway enrichment — requires an associated-gene cohort.

Therapeutics

No druggable-target or therapeutic data for this disease’s cohort.

Clinical trials & evidence

Clinical trials

Clinical trials: 29.

Phase distribution (across all retrieved trials)

Phase	Trials
PHASE2	16
Not specified	7
PHASE3	2
PHASE1/PHASE2	2
PHASE1	2

Top trials by phase / activity

NCT	Phase	Status	Title
NCT02375204	PHASE3	ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING	Standard-Dose Combination Chemotherapy or High-Dose Combination Chemotherapy and Stem Cell Transplant in Treating Patients with Relapsed or Refractory Germ Cell Tumors
NCT03067181	PHASE3	RECRUITING	Active Surveillance, Bleomycin, Etoposide, Carboplatin or Cisplatin in Treating Pediatric and Adult Patients With Germ Cell Tumors
NCT02721732	PHASE2	ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING	Pembrolizumab in Treating Patients With Rare Tumors That Cannot Be Removed by Surgery or Are Metastatic
NCT03155620	PHASE2	ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING	Targeted Therapy Directed by Genetic Testing in Treating Pediatric Patients With Relapsed or Refractory Advanced Solid Tumors, Non-Hodgkin Lymphomas, or Histiocytic Disorders (The Pediatric MATCH Screening Trial)
NCT03213652	PHASE2	ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING	Ensartinib in Treating Patients With Relapsed or Refractory Advanced Solid Tumors, Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma, or Histiocytic Disorders With ALK or ROS1 Genomic Alterations (A Pediatric MATCH Treatment Trial)
NCT03213704	PHASE2	ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING	Larotrectinib in Treating Patients With Relapsed or Refractory Advanced Solid Tumors, Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma, or Histiocytic Disorders With NTRK Fusions (A Pediatric MATCH Treatment Trial)
NCT03698994	PHASE2	ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING	Ulixertinib in Treating Patients With Advanced Solid Tumors, Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma, or Histiocytic Disorders With MAPK Pathway Mutations (A Pediatric MATCH Treatment Trial)
NCT04195555	PHASE2	ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING	Ivosidenib in Treating Patients With Advanced Solid Tumors, Lymphoma, or Histiocytic Disorders With IDH1 Mutations (A Pediatric MATCH Treatment Trial)
NCT04284774	PHASE2	ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING	Tipifarnib for the Treatment of Advanced Solid Tumors, Lymphoma, or Histiocytic Disorders With HRAS Gene Alterations, a Pediatric MATCH Treatment Trial
NCT04320888	PHASE2	ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING	Selpercatinib for the Treatment of Advanced Solid Tumors, Lymphomas, or Histiocytic Disorders With Activating RET Gene Alterations, a Pediatric MATCH Treatment Trial
NCT04901702	PHASE1/PHASE2	RECRUITING	Study of Onivyde With Talazoparib or Temozolomide in Children With Recurrent Solid Tumors and Ewing Sarcoma
NCT05969860	PHASE2	RECRUITING	At-Home Cancer Directed Therapy Versus in Clinic for the Treatment of Patients With Advanced Cancer
NCT06683846	PHASE2	RECRUITING	Ivonescimab in the Treatment of Multiple Advanced Tumors
NCT00983398	PHASE1/PHASE2	UNKNOWN	Melphalan, Carboplatin, Mannitol, and Sodium Thiosulfate in Treating Patients With Recurrent or Progressive CNS Embryonal or Germ Cell Tumors
NCT01242631	PHASE2	COMPLETED	Everolimus for Patients With Relapsed/Refractory Germ Cell Cancer
NCT01851200	PHASE2	COMPLETED	Brentuximab Vedotin (SGN-35) as Salvage Treatment for CD30-positive Germ Cell Tumors
NCT03213665	PHASE2	COMPLETED	Tazemetostat in Treating Patients With Relapsed or Refractory Advanced Solid Tumors, Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma, or Histiocytic Disorders With EZH2, SMARCB1, or SMARCA4 Gene Mutations (A Pediatric MATCH Treatment Trial)
NCT03213678	PHASE2	COMPLETED	Samotolisib in Treating Patients With Relapsed or Refractory Advanced Solid Tumors, Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma, or Histiocytic Disorders With TSC or PI3K/MTOR Mutations (A Pediatric MATCH Treatment Trial)
NCT03220035	PHASE2	COMPLETED	Vemurafenib in Treating Patients With Relapsed or Refractory Advanced Solid Tumors, Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma, or Histiocytic Disorders With BRAF V600 Mutations (A Pediatric MATCH Treatment Trial)
NCT03526250	PHASE2	COMPLETED	Palbociclib in Treating Patients With Relapsed or Refractory Rb Positive Advanced Solid Tumors, Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma, or Histiocytic Disorders With Activating Alterations in Cell Cycle Genes (A Pediatric MATCH Treatment Trial)
NCT04897321	PHASE1	RECRUITING	B7-H3-Specific Chimeric Antigen Receptor Autologous T-Cell Therapy for Pediatric Patients With Solid Tumors (3CAR)
NCT07218913	PHASE1	RECRUITING	Testing the Addition of Pedmark to Cisplatin Chemotherapy for Reducing Drug-Induced Ear Damage in Men With Stage II-III Metastatic Testicular Germ Cell Tumors
NCT00996710	Not specified	ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING	Genomic Structural Variation in Cancer Susceptibility
NCT01453660	Not specified	ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING	Acute Changes in Endothelial Function in Germ Cell Tumor Patients Treated With Cisplatin and Untreated Germ Cell Tumor Controls
NCT06329323	Not specified	NOT_YET_RECRUITING	SerUm and Plasma MicroRNAs in Malignant Ovarian gERm Cell Tumours
NCT07401316	Not specified	RECRUITING	Circulating Tumor DNA in Stage I, II, and III Germ-Cell Tumors
NCT02303015	Not specified	COMPLETED	Toxicity Attributed to Genetic Polymorphisms in Testicular Germ Cell Tumor Survivors
NCT03426865	Not specified	COMPLETED	Role of Axumin PET Scan in Germ Cell Tumor
NCT06275854	Not specified	TERMINATED	YASU Research Registry: For Young Adults With Cancer

Drugs tested across these trials (top 30)

Molecule	Max phase	Trials referencing
LAROTRECTINIB	4	4
ENSARTINIB	4	2
IVOSIDENIB	4	2
SELPERCATINIB	4	2
SELUMETINIB	4	2
SODIUM THIOSULFATE	4	2
TAZEMETOSTAT	4	2
VEMURAFENIB	4	2
BLEOMYCIN SULFATE	4	1
BRENTUXIMAB VEDOTIN	4	1
ERDAFITINIB	4	1
ETOPOSIDE PHOSPHATE	4	1
IFOSFAMIDE	4	1
MANNITOL	4	1
SORBITOL	4	1
TIPIFARNIB	3	2
FLUDARABINE	3	1
SAMOTOLISIB	2	2
ULIXERTINIB	2	2
CHEMBL3415553	0	2
CHEMBL4209555	0	2
CHEMBL5398431	0	2
CHEMBL5430810	0	2
PLX-4720	0	2
CHEMBL3753202	0	1
CHEMBL365847	0	1
CHEMBL3764816	0	1
CHEMBL5724798	0	1