Metastatic malignant neoplasm in the brain

Summary

Metastatic malignant neoplasm in the brain (MONDO:1040026) is a cancer and 77 clinical trials. Top therapeutic interventions include memantine, ferumoxytol, and binimetinib. A subtype of brain cancer — broader associated-gene and molecular evidence is on the parent page (see Disease family below).

At a glance

• Classification: Cancer
• Clinical trials: 77

Clinical features

No curated clinical features (Orphanet) for this disease.

Identifiers

Disease identifiers

Field	Value
Canonical name	metastatic malignant neoplasm in the brain
Mondo ID	MONDO:1040026
UMLS	C0220650
MedGen	113095
GARD	0028142
Anatomy (UBERON)	UBERON:0000955
Is cancer (heuristic)	yes

Disease family

This is a subtype of brain cancer. Genetic, therapeutic, and trial evidence is largely curated at the broader-term level — see the parent page for the associated-gene cohort and molecular evidence.

Classification path: disease › human disease › disease by etiologic mechanism › cancer or benign tumor › neoplastic disease or syndrome › neoplasm › cancer › nervous system cancer › central nervous system cancer › brain cancer › metastatic malignant neoplasm in the brain

Related subtypes (8): supratentorial cancer, brain germinoma, brain sarcoma, cerebral ventricle cancer, infratentorial cancer, intracranial primitive neuroectodermal tumor, brain glioma, cancer of cerebellum

Genetics & variants

GWAS landscape

No GWAS associations recorded — common-variant (GWAS) studies don’t cover this disease (typical for Mendelian / rare diseases). See the curated gene cohort and Mendelian overlap below.

Variant details and genetic-evidence tiers

No tiered GWAS variants or ClinVar records for this disease.

Genes & proteins

No associated-gene cohort resolved for this disease. Atlas builds the molecular and therapeutic sections — associated genes, protein families, druggability, pathways, interactions, and drug associations — by aggregating over a disease’s associated genes (resolved via GWAS / GenCC / ClinVar / CIViC), and none resolved here. This is expected for antibody-mediated, autoimmune, or otherwise non-gene-defined conditions; the curated evidence for this disease is its clinical features, GWAS susceptibility, and clinical trials (above).

Function

No pathway enrichment — requires an associated-gene cohort.

Therapeutics

No druggable-target or therapeutic data for this disease’s cohort.

Clinical trials & evidence

Clinical trials

Clinical trials: 77.

Phase distribution (across all retrieved trials)

Phase	Trials
PHASE2	22
PHASE1	16
Not specified	16
PHASE3	12
PHASE1/PHASE2	5
EARLY_PHASE1	4
PHASE4	2

Top trials by phase / activity

NCT	Phase	Status	Title
NCT05376878	PHASE4	RECRUITING	An Investigational Scan (64Cu-DOTA-Trastuzumab PET/MRI) in Imaging Patients With HER2+ Breast Cancer With Brain Metastasis
NCT05054998	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Dual Time Point FDG PET/MRI Scan in Improving the Imaging Cancer Patients With Brain Metastases
NCT00950001	PHASE3	ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING	Stereotactic Radiosurgery Compared to Observation in Treating Patients With Brain Metastases
NCT01592968	PHASE3	ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING	Stereotactic Radiosurgery or Whole Brain Radiation Therapy in Treating Patients With Newly Diagnosed Non-melanoma Brain Metastases
NCT03418961	PHASE3	RECRUITING	S1501 Dual Observational and Randomized Cohort Study of Patients With Metastatic HER-2+ Breast Cancer at Risk of Cardiac Toxicity
NCT03741673	PHASE3	RECRUITING	Pre-operative SRS or Post-operative SRS in Treating Cancer Patients With Brain Metastases
NCT03750227	PHASE3	RECRUITING	Pre-Operative or Post-Operative Stereotactic Radiosurgery in Treating Patients With Operative Metastatic Brain Tumors
NCT04114981	PHASE3	ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING	Single Fraction Stereotactic Radiosurgery Compared With Fractionated Stereotactic Radiosurgery in Treating Patients With Resected Metastatic Brain Disease
NCT04804644	PHASE3	RECRUITING	Testing if High Dose Radiation Only to the Sites of Brain Cancer Compared to Whole Brain Radiation That Avoids the Hippocampus is Better at Preventing Loss of Memory and Thinking Ability
NCT05438212	PHASE3	ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING	Comparing the Addition of Radiation Either Before or After Surgery for Patients With Brain Metastases
NCT06500455	PHASE3	RECRUITING	Testing Longer Duration Radiation Therapy Versus the Usual Radiation Therapy in Patients With Cancer That Has Spread to the Brain
NCT00096265	PHASE3	TERMINATED	Radiation Therapy and Stereotactic Radiosurgery With or Without Temozolomide or Erlotinib in Treating Patients With Brain Metastases Secondary to Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer
NCT02360215	PHASE3	COMPLETED	Memantine Hydrochloride and Whole-Brain Radiotherapy With or Without Hippocampal Avoidance in Reducing Neurocognitive Decline in Patients With Brain Metastases
NCT04588246	PHASE3	TERMINATED	Comparing Whole Brain Radiotherapy Using a Technique That Avoids the Hippocampus to Stereotactic Radiosurgery in Patients With Cancer That Has Spread to the Brain and Come Back in Other Areas of the Brain After Earlier Stereotactic Radiosurgery
NCT01644591	PHASE2	ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING	Stereotactic Radiosurgery in Treating Patients With Greater Than 3 Melanoma Brain Metastases
NCT02696993	PHASE1/PHASE2	ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING	Nivolumab and Radiation Therapy With or Without Ipilimumab in Treating Patients With Brain Metastases From Non-small Cell Lung Cancer
NCT02910700	PHASE2	ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING	Nivolumab With Trametinib and Dabrafenib, or Encorafenib and Binimetinib in Treating Patients With BRAF Mutated Metastatic or Unresectable Stage III-IV Melanoma
NCT02971501	PHASE2	ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING	Osimertinib With or Without Bevacizumab in Treating Patients With EGFR Positive Non-small Cell Lung Cancer and Brain Metastases
NCT03175432	PHASE2	ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING	Bevacizumab and Atezolizumab With or Without Cobimetinib in Treating Patients With Untreated Melanoma Brain Metastases
NCT03270059	PHASE2	RECRUITING	Gadolinium and Ferumoxytol MRI in Diagnosing Patients With Abnormalities in the Central Nervous System
NCT03994796	PHASE2	ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING	Genetic Testing in Guiding Treatment for Patients With Brain Metastases
NCT04348747	PHASE2	RECRUITING	Dendritic Cell Vaccines Against Her2/Her3 and Pembrolizumab for the Treatment of Brain Metastasis From Triple Negative Breast Cancer or HER2+ Breast Cancer
NCT04511013	PHASE2	RECRUITING	A Study to Compare the Administration of Encorafenib + Binimetinib + Nivolumab Versus Ipilimumab + Nivolumab in BRAF-V600 Mutant Melanoma With Brain Metastases
NCT04516070	PHASE2	ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING	Stereotactic Radiosurgery for the Treatment of Patients With Small Cell Lung Cancer Brain Metastasis
NCT04647916	PHASE2	ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING	Testing Sacituzumab Govitecan Therapy in Patients With HER2-Negative Breast Cancer and Brain Metastases
NCT05139043	PHASE2	ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING	Low Dose Versus Standard Dose Dexamethasone for Reduction of Swelling in Patients with Primary or Metastatic Brain Tumors
NCT05222620	PHASE2	RECRUITING	SRS Compared With FSRS for Treatment of Intact Metastatic Brain Disease, FRACTIONATE Trial
NCT05503251	PHASE2	ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING	Neuropsychological Care for Maintaining Quality of Life After Radiation Therapy in Patients With Brain Metastases
NCT05588453	PHASE1/PHASE2	RECRUITING	Natural Killer Cell Therapy (UD TGFbetai NK Cells) and Temozolomide for the Treatment of Stage IV Melanoma Metastatic to the Brain
NCT00659126	PHASE2	TERMINATED	Ferumoxytol- and Gadolinium-Labeled MRI in Measuring Tumors Before or After Treatment in Patients With Primary or Metastatic Brain Tumors
NCT01217411	PHASE1/PHASE2	TERMINATED	RO4929097 and Whole-Brain Radiation Therapy or Stereotactic Radiosurgery in Treating Patients With Brain Metastases From Breast Cancer
NCT01622868	PHASE2	COMPLETED	Whole-Brain Radiation Therapy or Stereotactic Radiosurgery With or Without Lapatinib Ditosylate in Treating Patients With Brain Metastasis From HER2-Positive Breast Cancer
NCT02073968	PHASE2	COMPLETED	PET-Adjusted Intensity Modulated Radiation Therapy and Combination Chemotherapy in Treating Patients With Stage II-IV Non-small Cell Lung Cancer
NCT02595905	PHASE2	COMPLETED	Cisplatin With or Without Veliparib in Treating Patients With Recurrent or Metastatic Triple-Negative and/or BRCA Mutation-Associated Breast Cancer With or Without Brain Metastases
NCT02798029	PHASE2	COMPLETED	Frameless Fractionated Stereotactic Radiation in Treating Patients With Brain Metastases
NCT03520842	PHASE2	COMPLETED	Regorafenib and Methotrexate in Treating Participants With Recurrent or Metastatic KRAS Mutated Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer
NCT03803761	PHASE1/PHASE2	WITHDRAWN	A Study of a New Drug Combination, Copanlisib and Fulvestrant, in Advanced Breast Cancer
NCT03868423	PHASE2	WITHDRAWN	Brigatinib in Treating Patients With ALK and ROS1 Gene Alterations and Locally Advanced or Metastatic Solid Cancers
NCT03873818	PHASE2	COMPLETED	Low Dose Ipilimumab With Pembrolizumab in Treating Patients With Melanoma That Has Spread to the Brain
NCT04789668	PHASE1/PHASE2	TERMINATED	Bintrafusp Alfa and Pimasertib for the Treatment of Patients With Brain Metastases

Drugs tested across these trials (top 30)

Molecule	Max phase	Trials referencing
MEMANTINE	4	4
FERUMOXYTOL	4	3
BINIMETINIB	4	2
DEXAMETHASONE	4	2
ENCORAFENIB	4	2
GADOBENATE DIMEGLUMINE	4	2
GADOBUTROL	4	2
ABEMACICLIB	4	1
ADAGRASIB	4	1
BRIGATINIB	4	1
CARVEDILOL	4	1
CEMIPLIMAB	4	1
COBIMETINIB	4	1
COPANLISIB	4	1
DABRAFENIB	4	1
ENTRECTINIB	4	1
ERLOTINIB HYDROCHLORIDE	4	1
FLUDEOXYGLUCOSE F 18	4	1
GADOPENTETATE DIMEGLUMINE	4	1
OSIMERTINIB	4	1
REGORAFENIB	4	1
SACITUZUMAB GOVITECAN	4	1
TEMOZOLOMIDE	4	1
TRAMETINIB	4	1
TRASTUZUMAB	4	1
TRASTUZUMAB DERUXTECAN	4	1
VELIPARIB	3	2
ARGININE	3	1
BINTRAFUSP ALFA	3	1
ENTINOSTAT	3	1