MHC class II deficiency 5

Summary

MHC class II deficiency 5 (MONDO:0971016) is a disease caused by RFX5 (GenCC Strong), with 2 cohort genes.

At a glance

• Causal gene: RFX5 (GenCC Strong)
• Cohort genes: 2
• ClinVar variants: 5

Clinical features

No curated clinical features (Orphanet) for this disease.

Identifiers

Disease identifiers

Field	Value
Canonical name	MHC class II deficiency 5
Mondo ID	MONDO:0971016
OMIM	620818
UMLS	C1859538
MedGen	349183
GARD	0027109
Is cancer (heuristic)	no

Data availability: 5 ClinVar variants · 1 GenCC gene-disease record.

Disease family

Classification path: disease › human disease › disease by etiologic mechanism › disease of genetic or genomic mechanism › hereditary disease › immunodeficiency disease › combined immunodeficiency › severe combined immunodeficiency › familial severe combined immunodeficiency › MHC class II deficiency › MHC class II deficiency 5

Related subtypes (4): MHC class II deficiency 1, MHC class II deficiency 2, MHC class II deficiency 3, MHC class II deficiency 4

Genetics & variants

GWAS landscape

No GWAS associations recorded — common-variant (GWAS) studies don’t cover this disease (typical for Mendelian / rare diseases). See the curated gene cohort and Mendelian overlap below.

Variant details and genetic-evidence tiers

ClinVar germline variants

5 retrieved; paginated sample, class counts are floors:

3 pathogenic/likely pathogenic, 2 uncertain significance

ClinVar	Variant (HGVS)	Gene	Classification	Review
1385971	NM_001025603.2(RFX5):c.56dup (p.Gly20fs)	RFX5	Pathogenic/Likely pathogenic	criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts
1431893	NM_001025603.2(RFX5):c.880C>T (p.Arg294Ter)	RFX5	Pathogenic/Likely pathogenic	criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts
3594152	NM_001025603.2(RFX5):c.386del (p.Pro129fs)	RFX5	Pathogenic/Likely pathogenic	criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts
7648	NM_001025603.2(RFX5):c.446G>A (p.Arg149Gln)	RFX5	Uncertain significance	criteria provided, single submitter
3233366	NM_003721.4(RFXANK):c.6delinsCTTA (p.Glu2delinsAspLeu)	RFXANK	Uncertain significance	criteria provided, single submitter

Genes & proteins

Mendelian disease overlap and somatic drivers

GenCC: 5 · Orphanet: 2 · OMIM-shared: 0 · Dual-evidence (GWAS+Mendelian): 0

GenCC gene–disease validity (cohort genes)

the Disease column is the GenCC-asserted condition — a cohort gene’s strongest validity may be for a related predisposition syndrome.

Gene	Classification	Inheritance	Disease	Records
RFX5	Definitive	Autosomal recessive	MHC class II deficiency	5

Orphanet rare-disease linkage (cohort genes)

Gene	Orphanet ID	Rare disease
RFX5	Orphanet:572	Immunodeficiency by defective expression of MHC class II
RFXANK	Orphanet:572	Immunodeficiency by defective expression of MHC class II

Cohort genes → proteins

2 cohort genes, 2 distinct canonical proteins.

Evidence partition

Subset	Genes
multi_evidence	2

Cohort genes (full)

Symbol	HGNC	Ensembl	UniProt	Name	Evidence
RFX5	HGNC:9986	ENSG00000143390	P48382	DNA-binding protein RFX5	gencc,clinvar
RFXANK	HGNC:9987	ENSG00000064490	O14593	DNA-binding protein RFXANK	clinvar

Cohort function summary

Lead sentence per gene, UniProt-curated.

Symbol	Protein name	Function (lead sentence)
RFX5	DNA-binding protein RFX5	Activates transcription from class II MHC promoters.
RFXANK	DNA-binding protein RFXANK	Activates transcription from class II MHC promoters.

Protein-family classification

Druggable: 0 · Difficult: 1 · Unknown: 1 · Druggable fraction: 0.0

Family distribution

Cohort families vs a genome-wide background (hypergeometric, BH-FDR; fold = observed/expected). Counts kept; sorted by enrichment, so the catch-all Other/Unknown bucket no longer leads.

Family	Genes	Fold	FDR
Scaffold/PPI	1	8.6×	0.225
Other/Unknown	1	0.9×	0.805

Per-gene assignment

Symbol	Family	Druggable?	EC	InterPro (top 3)
RFX5	Other/Unknown	no		DNA-bd_RFX, RFX5_C, WH-like_DNA-bd_sf
RFXANK	Scaffold/PPI	no		Ankyrin_rpt, DNA-bd_RFXANK, Ankyrin_rpt-contain_sf

Expression context

Cohort genes with no expression data: 0.

2 cohort genes are a single-cell marker in ≥1 SCXA experiment.

Breadth distribution (Bgee present_calls)

Bucket	Genes
narrow (1-5 tissues)	0
moderate (6-20)	0
broad (>20)	2
unknown	0

Top tissues across cohort

Tissue	Cohort genes
epithelium of nasopharynx	1
lymph node	1
monocyte	1
lower esophagus mucosa	1
mucosa of transverse colon	1
right uterine tube	1

Per-gene tissue summary (top 30)

Symbol	Bgee breadth	FANTOM5 breadth	SCXA	Top tissues
RFX5	289	ubiquitous	marker	epithelium of nasopharynx, lymph node, monocyte
RFXANK	270	ubiquitous	marker	lower esophagus mucosa, mucosa of transverse colon, right uterine tube

Protein interactions among cohort

Intra-cohort edges: 1.

Hub genes (top 10 by interactor count)

Symbol	Interactor count
RFXANK	1,957
RFX5	1,103

Intra-cohort edges

A	B	Sources
RFX5	RFXANK	biogrid_interaction, intact, string_interaction

Structural data

PDB: 2 · AlphaFold-only: 0 · No structure: 0

Cohort genes with PDB structures (top 30)

Symbol	UniProt	PDB entries
RFX5	P48382	3
RFXANK	O14593	3

Function

Pathway analysis

Distinct Reactome pathways touched by cohort: 0. Enrichment computed across 2 evidence-associated genes (0 with Reactome annotation).

GO biological processes by enrichment

Over-representation of cohort genes vs the genome-wide background (hypergeometric test, Benjamini-Hochberg FDR; fold = observed/expected over 2 annotated cohort genes). Counts and members are kept as ground-truth; sorted by enrichment.

GO term	Cohort genes	Fold	FDR	Sample cohort genes
positive regulation of MHC class II biosynthetic process	2	1203.7×	3e-06	RFX5, RFXANK
positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II	2	14.9×	0.011	RFX5, RFXANK
Ras protein signal transduction	1	102.8×	0.016	RFXANK
negative regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II	1	8.9×	0.137	RFX5
regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II	1	5.8×	0.164	RFX5

Therapeutics

Drug target analysis

Approved (phase 4): 0 · Phase ≥3: 0 · Phased (≥1): 0 · Undrugged: 2

Druggability breadth: 0 of 2 evidence-associated genes (0%) have a ChEMBL target (buckets above are over the deeply-mined display cohort).

Top cohort targets by molecule count

Symbol	Molecules	Max phase
RFX5	0	0
RFXANK	0	0

Bioactivity and enzyme data

Enzyme cohort genes (≥1 EC): 0.

Pharmacogenomics

Cohort genes with a PharmGKB record: 2; with CPIC/DPWG dosing guidelines: 0.

No cohort gene has a CPIC/DPWG genotype-guided dosing guideline (PharmGKB).

Chemical tractability of cohort targets

0 approved/phased compounds have measured bioactivity against a cohort gene (and aren’t yet in disease-level trials). This is a research / tractability signal, NOT a therapeutic recommendation — a bioactivity row often reflects off-target or screening binding (e.g. promiscuous kinase inhibitors against a cohort kinase), implying no disease mechanism.

Druggability pyramid

Cohort genes binned by druggability tier (high → low):

Tier	Definition	Genes	Symbols
A	Approved (phase 4 drug)	0
B	Phased (≥1) drug, not yet approved	0
C	Druggable family + PDB, no drug	0
D	Druggable family + AlphaFold only, no drug	0
E	Difficult family or no structure, no drug	2	RFX5, RFXANK

Undrugged target profiles

2 cohort genes are undrugged. Ranked by ‘starting-point quality’ (assay depth + drugged-partner adjacency).

Symbol	ChEMBL assays	Drugged partners (top 3)
RFX5	0	—
RFXANK	0	—

Clinical trials & evidence

Clinical trials

Clinical trials: 0.