Mitochondrial complex 4 deficiency, nuclear type 25

disease

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Summary

Mitochondrial complex 4 deficiency, nuclear type 25 (MONDO:0980970) is a disease with 1 cohort gene.

At a glance

Cohort genes: 1
ClinVar variants: 1

Clinical features

No curated clinical features (Orphanet) for this disease.

Identifiers

Disease identifiers

Field	Value
Canonical name	mitochondrial complex 4 deficiency, nuclear type 25
Mondo ID	MONDO:0980970
OMIM	621487
Is cancer (heuristic)	no

Data availability: 1 ClinVar variant.

Disease family

Classification path: disease › human disease › disease by developmental or physiological process › metabolic disease › developmental anomaly of metabolic origin › inborn mitochondrial metabolism disorder › mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation disorder › mitochondrial respiratory chain complex deficiency › mitochondrial complex IV deficiency, nuclear-type › mitochondrial complex 4 deficiency, nuclear type 25

Genetics & variants

GWAS landscape

No GWAS associations recorded — common-variant (GWAS) studies don’t cover this disease (typical for Mendelian / rare diseases). See the curated gene cohort and Mendelian overlap below.

Variant details and genetic-evidence tiers

ClinVar germline variants

1 retrieved; paginated sample, class counts are floors:

1 uncertain significance

ClinVar	Variant (HGVS)	Gene	Classification	Review
2506394	NM_001297732.2(COX18):c.667G>C (p.Asp223His)	COX18	Uncertain significance	criteria provided, single submitter

Genes & proteins

Mendelian disease overlap and somatic drivers

GenCC: 0 · Orphanet: 0 · OMIM-shared: 0 · Dual-evidence (GWAS+Mendelian): 0

Cohort genes → proteins

1 cohort genes, 1 distinct canonical proteins.

Evidence partition

Subset	Genes
multi_evidence	1

Cohort genes (full)

Symbol	HGNC	Ensembl	UniProt	Name	Evidence
COX18	HGNC:26801	ENSG00000163626	Q8N8Q8	Cytochrome c oxidase assembly protein COX18, mitochondrial	clinvar

Cohort function summary

Lead sentence per gene, UniProt-curated.

Symbol	Protein name	Function (lead sentence)
COX18	Cytochrome c oxidase assembly protein COX18, mitochondrial	Mitochondrial membrane insertase required for the translocation of the C-terminus of cytochrome c oxidase subunit II (MT-CO2/COX2) across the mitochondrial inner membrane.

Protein-family classification

Druggable: 0 · Difficult: 0 · Unknown: 1 · Druggable fraction: 0.0

Family distribution

Cohort families vs a genome-wide background (hypergeometric, BH-FDR; fold = observed/expected). Counts kept; sorted by enrichment, so the catch-all Other/Unknown bucket no longer leads.

Family	Genes	Fold	FDR
Other/Unknown	1	1.8×	0.558

Per-gene assignment

Symbol	Family	Druggable?	EC	InterPro (top 3)
COX18	Other/Unknown	no		YidC/ALB3/OXA1/COX18, YidC/Oxa/ALB_C

Expression context

Cohort genes with no expression data: 0.

1 cohort gene are a single-cell marker in ≥1 SCXA experiment.

Breadth distribution (Bgee present_calls)

Bucket	Genes
narrow (1-5 tissues)	0
moderate (6-20)	0
broad (>20)	1
unknown	0

Top tissues across cohort

Tissue	Cohort genes
pigmented layer of retina	1
retina	1
tibia	1

Per-gene tissue summary (top 30)

Symbol	Bgee breadth	FANTOM5 breadth	SCXA	Top tissues
COX18	254	ubiquitous	marker	tibia, pigmented layer of retina, retina

Protein interactions among cohort

Intra-cohort edges: 0.

Hub genes (top 10 by interactor count)

Symbol	Interactor count
COX18	2,353

Structural data

PDB: 0 · AlphaFold-only: 1 · No structure: 0

AlphaFold-only cohort genes (top 30 by pLDDT)

Symbol	UniProt	pLDDT
COX18	Q8N8Q8	83.42

Function

Pathway analysis

Distinct Reactome pathways touched by cohort: 1. Enrichment computed across 1 evidence-associated genes (1 with Reactome annotation).

Pathways by enrichment

Over-representation of cohort genes vs the genome-wide background (hypergeometric test, Benjamini-Hochberg FDR; fold = observed/expected over 1 annotated cohort genes). Counts and members are kept as ground-truth; sorted by enrichment.

Pathway	Cohort genes	Fold	FDR	Sample cohort genes
Complex IV assembly	1	228.4×	0.004	COX18

GO biological processes by enrichment

GO term	Cohort genes	Fold	FDR	Sample cohort genes
protein insertion into mitochondrial membrane	1	4213.0×	6e-04	COX18
protein insertion into mitochondrial inner membrane from matrix	1	3370.4×	6e-04	COX18
respiratory chain complex IV assembly	1	2407.4×	6e-04	COX18
mitochondrial respiratory chain complex IV assembly	1	624.1×	0.002	COX18

Therapeutics

Drug target analysis

Approved (phase 4): 0 · Phase ≥3: 0 · Phased (≥1): 0 · Undrugged: 1

Druggability breadth: 0 of 1 evidence-associated genes (0%) have a ChEMBL target (buckets above are over the deeply-mined display cohort).

Top cohort targets by molecule count

Symbol	Molecules	Max phase
COX18	0	0

Bioactivity and enzyme data

Enzyme cohort genes (≥1 EC): 0.

Pharmacogenomics

Cohort genes with a PharmGKB record: 1; with CPIC/DPWG dosing guidelines: 0.

No cohort gene has a CPIC/DPWG genotype-guided dosing guideline (PharmGKB).

Chemical tractability of cohort targets

0 approved/phased compounds have measured bioactivity against a cohort gene (and aren’t yet in disease-level trials). This is a research / tractability signal, NOT a therapeutic recommendation — a bioactivity row often reflects off-target or screening binding (e.g. promiscuous kinase inhibitors against a cohort kinase), implying no disease mechanism.

Druggability pyramid

Cohort genes binned by druggability tier (high → low):

Tier	Definition	Genes	Symbols
A	Approved (phase 4 drug)	0
B	Phased (≥1) drug, not yet approved	0
C	Druggable family + PDB, no drug	0
D	Druggable family + AlphaFold only, no drug	0
E	Difficult family or no structure, no drug	1	COX18

Undrugged target profiles

1 cohort genes are undrugged. Ranked by ‘starting-point quality’ (assay depth + drugged-partner adjacency).

Symbol	ChEMBL assays	Drugged partners (top 3)
COX18	0	—

Clinical trials & evidence

Clinical trials

Clinical trials: 0.

Cohort genes: COX18