Overnutrition
diseaseOn this page
Summary
Overnutrition (MONDO:0003916) is a disease with 130 GWAS associations across 6 studies and 16 clinical trials. Top therapeutic interventions include betahistine hydrochloride and lufenuron. A subtype of nutritional disorder — broader associated-gene and molecular evidence is on the parent page (see Disease family below).
At a glance
- GWAS associations: 130
- Clinical trials: 16
Clinical features
No curated clinical features (Orphanet) for this disease.
Identifiers
Disease identifiers
| Field | Value |
|---|---|
| Canonical name | overnutrition |
| Mondo ID | MONDO:0003916 |
| MeSH | D044343 |
| DOID | DOID:654 |
| SNOMED CT | 302872003 |
| UMLS | C1257763 |
| MedGen | 219760 |
| Is cancer (heuristic) | no |
Data availability: 130 GWAS associations (6 studies).
Disease family
This is a subtype of nutritional disorder. Genetic, therapeutic, and trial evidence is largely curated at the broader-term level — see the parent page for the associated-gene cohort and molecular evidence.
Classification path: disease › human disease › disease by etiologic mechanism › nutritional disorder › overnutrition
Related subtypes (6): potassium deficiency disease, eating disorder, hemorrhagic disease of newborn, nutritional deficiency disease, lactose intolerance, refeeding syndrome
Subtypes (4): abdominal obesity-metabolic syndrome, hypervitaminosis D, hypervitaminosis A, obesity disorder
Genetics & variants
GWAS landscape
130 GWAS associations across 6 studies. Top hits map to 23 distinct genes (as reported by GWAS).
Top associations by p-value
| rsID | p-value | Gene | Risk allele | Odds ratio |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| rs1421085 | 4e-246 | FTO | T | 0.13 |
| rs13107325 | 3e-49 | SLC39A8 | C | 0.11 |
| rs13130484 | 2e-42 | PRDX4P1 - THAP12P9 | C | 0.06 |
| chr2:622827 | 2e-37 | T | 0.07 | |
| rs6567160 | 5e-36 | LINC03111 - RNU4-17P | T | 0.06 |
| chr3:185805294 | 3e-32 | C | 0.07 | |
| rs1800437 | 2e-29 | GIPR | G | 0.05 |
| rs13028310 | 3e-29 | LINC01875 - TMEM18 | T | 0.07 |
| rs6809651 | 7e-29 | ETV5 | G | 0.07 |
| chr16:28871191 | 2e-28 | C | 0.05 | |
| rs2568957 | 2e-27 | LINC02796 | A | 0.06 |
| rs7132908 | 7e-26 | FAIM2 | G | 0.04 |
| chr14:79910119 | 1e-25 | C | 0.05 | |
| chr2:58917535 | 1e-25 | C | 0.04 | |
| rs4858697 | 1e-23 | RARB | A | 0.04 |
| chr19:18806668 | 1e-23 | T | 0.04 | |
| chr6:40369159 | 3e-23 | A | 0.04 | |
| rs62048402 | 2e-22 | FTO | G | 0.14 |
| rs10953513 | 9e-22 | POM121C | A | 0.05 |
| rs62037364 | 1e-21 | SH2B1 | G | 0.05 |
| chr18:21143183 | 2e-21 | C | 0.04 | |
| rs10150332 | 7e-21 | NRXN3 | T | 0.05 |
| chr6:50833084 | 1e-20 | G | 0.05 | |
| rs11039405 | 1e-20 | NUP160 | T | 0.04 |
| chr7:76632736 | 3e-20 | C | 0.05 | |
| rs4776970 | 3e-20 | MAP2K5 | A | 0.04 |
| rs7160809 | 4e-19 | AKAP6 - NPAS3 | A | 0.04 |
| chr7:69907025 | 1e-18 | G | 0.04 | |
| rs7969447 | 1e-18 | C12orf42 | A | 0.04 |
| rs17770336 | 1e-18 | LINGO2 | C | 0.04 |
Top studies (by case count)
| Study | Lead author | Year | Cases | Controls | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| GCST90475759 | Verma A | 2024 | 187,880 | 218,356 | Diversity and scale: Genetic architecture of 2068 traits in the VA Million Veteran Program. |
| GCST90475758 | Verma A | 2024 | 57,785 | 51,420 | Diversity and scale: Genetic architecture of 2068 traits in the VA Million Veteran Program. |
| GCST90479955 | Verma A | 2024 | 57,785 | 51,420 | Diversity and scale: Genetic architecture of 2068 traits in the VA Million Veteran Program. |
| GCST90475757 | Verma A | 2024 | 28,266 | 25,218 | Diversity and scale: Genetic architecture of 2068 traits in the VA Million Veteran Program. |
| GCST90435785 | Zhou W | 2018 | 10,968 | 397,993 | Efficiently controlling for case-control imbalance and sample relatedness in large-scale genetic association studies. |
| GCST90477435 | Verma A | 2024 | 1,974 | 4,216 | Diversity and scale: Genetic architecture of 2068 traits in the VA Million Veteran Program. |
Variant details and genetic-evidence tiers
Tier distribution (top 50 variants)
| Tier | Variants |
|---|---|
| Tier 1: coding | 6 |
| Tier 2: splice/UTR | 2 |
| Tier 3: regulatory | 1 |
| Tier 4: intronic/intergenic | 41 |
MAF distribution
| Bucket | Variants |
|---|---|
| common (>=0.05) | 50 |
| low_freq (0.01-0.05) | 0 |
| rare (<0.01) | 0 |
| unknown | 0 |
Functional consequences
| Consequence | Count |
|---|---|
| intron_variant | 18 |
| unknown | 18 |
| missense_variant | 6 |
| intergenic_variant | 5 |
| 3_prime_UTR_variant | 2 |
| regulatory_region_variant | 1 |
Top variants
| rsID | Chr | Pos | Alleles | MAF | Consequence | Gene | p-value | Tier |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| rs1421085 | 16 | 53767042 | T>C | 0.407 | intron_variant | FTO | 4e-246 | Tier 4: intronic/intergenic |
| rs13107325 | 4 | 102267552 | C>A,T | 0.083 | missense_variant | SLC39A8 | 3e-49 | Tier 1: coding |
| rs13130484 | 4 | 45173674 | C>A,T | 0.428 | intergenic_variant | PRDX4P1 - THAP12P9 | 2e-42 | Tier 4: intronic/intergenic |
| chr2:622827 | 0.174 | 2e-37 | Tier 4: intronic/intergenic | |||||
| rs6567160 | 18 | 60161902 | T>C | 0.229 | intergenic_variant | LINC03111 - RNU4-17P | 5e-36 | Tier 4: intronic/intergenic |
| chr3:185805294 | 0.134 | 3e-32 | Tier 4: intronic/intergenic | |||||
| rs1800437 | 19 | 45678134 | G>A,C | 0.207 | missense_variant | GIPR | 2e-29 | Tier 1: coding |
| rs13028310 | 2 | 632591 | T>A,C,G | 0.172 | intergenic_variant | LINC01875 - TMEM18 | 3e-29 | Tier 4: intronic/intergenic |
| rs6809651 | 3 | 186096853 | G>A | 0.141 | intron_variant | ETV5 | 7e-29 | Tier 4: intronic/intergenic |
| chr16:28871191 | 0.356 | 2e-28 | Tier 4: intronic/intergenic | |||||
| rs2568957 | 1 | 72298747 | A>C,G,T | 0.191 | intron_variant | LINC02796 | 2e-27 | Tier 4: intronic/intergenic |
| rs7132908 | 12 | 49869365 | G>A,C | 0.388 | 3_prime_UTR_variant | FAIM2 | 7e-26 | Tier 2: splice/UTR |
| chr14:79910119 | 0.208 | 1e-25 | Tier 4: intronic/intergenic | |||||
| chr2:58917535 | 0.404 | 1e-25 | Tier 4: intronic/intergenic | |||||
| rs4858697 | 3 | 25075091 | A>G | 0.418 | intron_variant | RARB | 1e-23 | Tier 4: intronic/intergenic |
| chr19:18806668 | 0.4 | 1e-23 | Tier 4: intronic/intergenic | |||||
| chr6:40369159 | 0.31 | 3e-23 | Tier 4: intronic/intergenic | |||||
| rs62048402 | 16 | 53769311 | G>A,T | 0.266 | intron_variant | FTO | 2e-22 | Tier 4: intronic/intergenic |
| rs10953513 | 7 | 75450410 | A>C,G,T | 0.39 | intron_variant | POM121C | 9e-22 | Tier 4: intronic/intergenic |
| rs62037364 | 16 | 28857374 | G>A | 0.37 | intergenic_variant | SH2B1 | 1e-21 | Tier 4: intronic/intergenic |
| chr18:21143183 | 0.484 | 2e-21 | Tier 4: intronic/intergenic | |||||
| rs10150332 | 14 | 79470621 | T>C | 0.246 | intron_variant | NRXN3 | 7e-21 | Tier 4: intronic/intergenic |
| chr6:50833084 | 0.167 | 1e-20 | Tier 4: intronic/intergenic | |||||
| rs11039405 | 11 | 47806790 | T>A,C,G | 0.39 | intron_variant | NUP160 | 1e-20 | Tier 4: intronic/intergenic |
| chr7:76632736 | 0.231 | 3e-20 | Tier 4: intronic/intergenic | |||||
| rs4776970 | 15 | 67788548 | A>C,G,T | 0.359 | intron_variant | MAP2K5 | 3e-20 | Tier 4: intronic/intergenic |
| rs7160809 | 14 | 32839981 | A>T | 0.481 | intron_variant | AKAP6 - NPAS3 | 4e-19 | Tier 4: intronic/intergenic |
| chr7:69907025 | 0.214 | 1e-18 | Tier 4: intronic/intergenic | |||||
| rs7969447 | 12 | 103368319 | A>T | 0.277 | intron_variant | C12orf42 | 1e-18 | Tier 4: intronic/intergenic |
| rs17770336 | 9 | 28414627 | C>T | 0.309 | intron_variant | LINGO2 | 1e-18 | Tier 4: intronic/intergenic |
Genes & proteins
No associated-gene cohort resolved for this disease. Atlas builds the molecular and therapeutic sections — associated genes, protein families, druggability, pathways, interactions, and drug associations — by aggregating over a disease’s associated genes (resolved via GWAS / GenCC / ClinVar / CIViC), and none resolved here. This is expected for antibody-mediated, autoimmune, or otherwise non-gene-defined conditions; the curated evidence for this disease is its clinical features, GWAS susceptibility, and clinical trials (above).
Function
No pathway enrichment — requires an associated-gene cohort.
Therapeutics
No druggable-target or therapeutic data for this disease’s cohort.
Clinical trials & evidence
Clinical trials
Clinical trials: 16.
Phase distribution (across all retrieved trials)
| Phase | Trials |
|---|---|
| Not specified | 12 |
| PHASE4 | 1 |
| PHASE2 | 1 |
| PHASE1 | 1 |
| EARLY_PHASE1 | 1 |
Top trials by phase / activity
| NCT | Phase | Status | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| NCT05657860 | PHASE4 | COMPLETED | Guanfacine Extended Release for the Reduction of Aggression and Self-injurious Behavior Associated With Prader-Willi Syndrome |
| NCT07575932 | PHASE2 | NOT_YET_RECRUITING | A Study of PF-08653945 and PF-08653944 in Adults With Overweight or Obesity (SOLIS-1) |
| NCT00459992 | PHASE1 | COMPLETED | Effects of Betahistine Hydrochloride in Overweight Women |
| NCT03898505 | EARLY_PHASE1 | COMPLETED | Clinical Investigation on the Safety of Avocado Pulp Lipids |
| NCT06557317 | Not specified | RECRUITING | In-Person Lifestyle Program for Black Adolescent Girls at Risk for Type 2 Diabetes |
| NCT00342732 | Not specified | COMPLETED | The Food Intake Phenotype: Assessing Eating Behavior and Food Preferences as Risk Factors for Obesity |
| NCT01435603 | Not specified | COMPLETED | Intervening in Diabetes With Healthy Eating, Activity, and Linkages To Healthcare - The I-D-HEALTH Study |
| NCT01551238 | Not specified | UNKNOWN | Energy Expenditure, Sleep and Macronutrients |
| NCT01979770 | Not specified | COMPLETED | Early Life Nutritional Exposures and Long-term Health and Cognitive Outcomes |
| NCT03003403 | Not specified | COMPLETED | Balance: A Pragmatic Trial of a Digital Health Intervention to Prevent Weight Gain in Primary Care |
| NCT03843424 | Not specified | COMPLETED | Treatment Efforts Addressing Child Weight Management by Unifying Patients, Parents & Providers |
| NCT04554758 | Not specified | UNKNOWN | Comparative Analysis Between Sleeve Gastrectomy and Roux-en Y Gastric Bypass in Bariatric Operation |
| NCT05368194 | Not specified | COMPLETED | Food Intake and Epigenetic Alteration in the Spermatozoa of Singletons and Twins |
| NCT05477511 | Not specified | UNKNOWN | The Extension of HAPO Follow-up Study |
| NCT05574842 | Not specified | COMPLETED | The Effect of Double Duty Interventions on Double Burden of Malnutrition Among School Adolescents in Ethiopia |
| NCT06074926 | Not specified | COMPLETED | Promoting Food Acceptance Through Positive Parenting: the Play and Grow Study |
Drugs tested across these trials (top 30)
| Molecule | Max phase | Trials referencing |
|---|---|---|
| BETAHISTINE HYDROCHLORIDE | 4 | 1 |
| LUFENURON | 2 | 2 |
Related Atlas pages
- Drugs: Betahistine