Perinatal asphyxia

Summary

Perinatal asphyxia (MONDO:0006663) is a disease with 1 cohort gene (23 GWAS associations across 1 studies) and 283 clinical trials. Top therapeutic interventions include caffeine citrate, magnesium sulfate anhydrous, and amikacin.

At a glance

• Prevalence: 1-9 / 100 000 (Europe) [Orphanet-validated]
• Cohort genes: 1
• GWAS associations: 23
• ClinVar variants: 1
• Clinical trials: 283

Clinical features

Epidemiology

Prevalence records

1 prevalence record(s), Orphanet:

Type	Class	Value	Geography	Validation
Point prevalence	1-9 / 100 000		Europe	Validated

Identifiers

Disease identifiers

Field	Value
Canonical name	perinatal asphyxia
Mondo ID	MONDO:0006663
EFO	EFO:1000824
MeSH	D001238
Orphanet	137577
DOID	DOID:11088
ICD-11	1281282034
NCIT	C116313
SNOMED CT	28314004
UMLS	C0004045
MedGen	2469
GARD	0019875
Is cancer (heuristic)	no

Also known as: asphyxia neonatorum · birth asphyxia · birth depression · fetal asphyxia · foetal asphyxia · HIE · hypoxia neonatorum · hypoxic and ischaemic brain injury in the newborn · hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy · intrapartum asphyxia · neonatal hypoxic and ischaemic brain injury · perinatal asphyxia · perinatal depression · perinatal hypoxia

Data availability: 1 ClinVar variant · 23 GWAS associations (1 study).

Disease family

Classification path: disease › human disease › disease by body system or component › respiratory system disorder › perinatal asphyxia

Related subtypes (58): lower respiratory tract disorder, respiratory system cancer, respiratory system benign neoplasm, allergic respiratory disease, paranasal sinus disorder, upper respiratory tract disorder, pertussis, severe acute respiratory syndrome, sleep apnea syndrome, diaphragm disorder, pulmonary tuberculosis, altitude sickness, pulmonary nodular lymphoid hyperplasia, tracheobronchopathia osteochondroplastica, Williams-Campbell syndrome, cystic fibrosis, growth delay-hydrocephaly-lung hypoplasia syndrome, laryngo-onycho-cutaneous syndrome, congenital pulmonary lymphangiectasia, familial primary pulmonary hypoplasia, Mounier-Kuhn syndrome, Young syndrome, lung agenesis-heart defect-thumb anomalies syndrome, sudden infant death-dysgenesis of the testes syndrome, alpha 1-antitrypsin deficiency, hereditary sclerosing poikiloderma with tendon and pulmonary involvement, autoimmune interstitial lung disease-arthritis syndrome, mucopolysaccharidosis-plus syndrome, congenital bronchobiliary fistula, bronchogenic cyst, primary ciliary dyskinesia, congenital pulmonary airway malformation, transient hyperammonemia of the newborn, congenital pulmonary sequestration, Siegler-Brewer-Carey syndrome, tracheal agenesis, 16q24.1 microdeletion syndrome, staphylococcal necrotizing pneumonia, pulmonary veno-occlusive disease and/or pulmonary capillary haemangiomatosis, plastic bronchitis, recurrent respiratory papillomatosis, IgG4-related mediastinitis, bronchopulmonary dysplasia, infantile apnea, diffuse alveolar hemorrhage, respiratory or thoracic malformation, pulmonary agenesis, eosinophilic granuloma, disorder of pharynx, respiratory tract neoplasm, pulmonary alveolar proteinosis with hypogammaglobulinemia, respiratory tract infectious disorder, Middle East respiratory syndrome, reactive airway disease, acinar dysplasia, pulmonary hypoplasia, isolated left bronchial isomerism, bronchiectasis and nasal polyposis

Genetics & variants

GWAS landscape

23 GWAS associations across 1 studies. Top hits map to 14 distinct genes (as reported by GWAS).

Top associations by p-value

rsID	p-value	Gene	Risk allele	Odds ratio
rs1883434	1e-07	KAZN	?
rs66732681	3e-07	KHDRBS3 - RNU1-35P	?
rs148543098	1e-06	ZCCHC7	?
rs7183310	2e-06	LINC02346	?
rs78376445	2e-06	BMP1	?
rs184473222	3e-06	LUZP2	?
rs143452003	4e-06	OR4E2	?
rs7221403	5e-06	MAP3K14	?
rs117975894	7e-06	BRINP1 - LINC01613	?
rs419055	7e-06	SEMA6D	?
rs1437190	7e-06	RPL12P36 - Metazoa_SRP	?
rs6123155	7e-06	LINC01524	?
rs147744973	7e-06	LINC01266 - RN7SL120P	?
rs75086931	7e-06	LIN28B	?
rs72651395	8e-06	TOX-DT - RNA5SP267	?
rs3844163	8e-06	ZNF22-AS1	?
rs113395107	8e-06	ZFR - TMEM183AP2	?
rs1109714	9e-06	LINC01864 - ZNF787	?
rs137996535	9e-06	RASGEF1B	?
rs74508977	1e-05	CARD16	?
rs78681887	1e-05	THADA	?
rs114135680	1e-05	MTCO3P28 - LINC02232	?
rs35577734	1e-05	CLDN24 - FBLP1	?

Top studies (by case count)

Study	Lead author	Year	Cases	Controls	Title
GCST90102433	Kiewa J	2022	3,804	6,134	Perinatal depression is associated with a higher polygenic risk for major depressive disorder than non-perinatal depression.

Variant details and genetic-evidence tiers

Tier distribution (top 50 variants)

Tier	Variants
Tier 1: coding	0
Tier 2: splice/UTR	0
Tier 3: regulatory	0
Tier 4: intronic/intergenic	23

MAF distribution

Bucket	Variants
common (>=0.05)	16
low_freq (0.01-0.05)	0
rare (<0.01)	0
unknown	7

Functional consequences

Consequence	Count
intron_variant	16
intergenic_variant	7

Top variants

rsID	Chr	Pos	Alleles	MAF	Consequence	Gene	p-value	Tier
rs1883434	1	14795377	C>T	0.05	intron_variant	KAZN	1e-07	Tier 4: intronic/intergenic
rs66732681	8	135718960	G>A	0.05	intergenic_variant	KHDRBS3 - RNU1-35P	3e-07	Tier 4: intronic/intergenic
rs148543098	9	37306631	A>G	0.05	intron_variant	ZCCHC7	1e-06	Tier 4: intronic/intergenic
rs7183310	15	26051615	T>A,C,G	0.05	intron_variant	LINC02346	2e-06	Tier 4: intronic/intergenic
rs78376445	8	22172134	A>C	0.05	intron_variant	BMP1	2e-06	Tier 4: intronic/intergenic
rs184473222	11	24922698	C>A,T		intron_variant	LUZP2	3e-06	Tier 4: intronic/intergenic
rs143452003	14	21657242	C>T		intron_variant	OR4E2	4e-06	Tier 4: intronic/intergenic
rs7221403	17	45303300	A>C,G,T	0.05	intron_variant	MAP3K14	5e-06	Tier 4: intronic/intergenic
rs117975894	9	119645370	G>A		intron_variant	BRINP1 - LINC01613	7e-06	Tier 4: intronic/intergenic
rs419055	15	47384322	A>C,T	0.05	intron_variant	SEMA6D	7e-06	Tier 4: intronic/intergenic
rs1437190	16	58975466	A>G,T	0.05	intron_variant	RPL12P36 - Metazoa_SRP	7e-06	Tier 4: intronic/intergenic
rs6123155	20	52318935	C>A,G,T	0.05	intron_variant	LINC01524	7e-06	Tier 4: intronic/intergenic
rs147744973	3	880823	C>T		intergenic_variant	LINC01266 - RN7SL120P	7e-06	Tier 4: intronic/intergenic
rs75086931	6	105070105	G>A	0.05	intron_variant	LIN28B	7e-06	Tier 4: intronic/intergenic
rs72651395	8	59165597	T>A	0.05	intergenic_variant	TOX-DT - RNA5SP267	8e-06	Tier 4: intronic/intergenic
rs3844163	10	45125293	A>C,G,T	0.05	intron_variant	ZNF22-AS1	8e-06	Tier 4: intronic/intergenic
rs113395107	5	32460535	G>T	0.05	intergenic_variant	ZFR - TMEM183AP2	8e-06	Tier 4: intronic/intergenic
rs1109714	19	56087082	C>G,T	0.05	intergenic_variant	LINC01864 - ZNF787	9e-06	Tier 4: intronic/intergenic
rs137996535	4	81823999	G>C		intron_variant	RASGEF1B	9e-06	Tier 4: intronic/intergenic
rs74508977	11	105075273	T>A		intron_variant	CARD16	1e-05	Tier 4: intronic/intergenic
rs78681887	2	43356982	T>C	0.05	intron_variant	THADA	1e-05	Tier 4: intronic/intergenic
rs114135680	4	64624218	T>C		intergenic_variant	MTCO3P28 - LINC02232	1e-05	Tier 4: intronic/intergenic
rs35577734	4	183329367	C>A,T	0.05	intergenic_variant	CLDN24 - FBLP1	1e-05	Tier 4: intronic/intergenic

ClinVar germline variants

1 retrieved; paginated sample, class counts are floors:

1 pathogenic/likely pathogenic

ClinVar	Variant (HGVS)	Gene	Classification	Review
17326	NM_000088.4(COL1A1):c.1777G>A (p.Gly593Ser)	COL1A1	Pathogenic/Likely pathogenic	criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts

Genes & proteins

Mendelian disease overlap and somatic drivers

GenCC: 0 · Orphanet: 10 · OMIM-shared: 0 · Dual-evidence (GWAS+Mendelian): 0

Orphanet rare-disease linkage (cohort genes)

Gene	Orphanet ID	Rare disease
COL1A1	Orphanet:1310	Caffey disease
COL1A1	Orphanet:1899	Arthrochalasia Ehlers-Danlos syndrome
COL1A1	Orphanet:216796	Osteogenesis imperfecta type 1
COL1A1	Orphanet:216804	Osteogenesis imperfecta type 2
COL1A1	Orphanet:216812	Osteogenesis imperfecta type 3
COL1A1	Orphanet:216820	Osteogenesis imperfecta type 4
COL1A1	Orphanet:230857	Ehlers-Danlos/osteogenesis imperfecta syndrome
COL1A1	Orphanet:287	Classical Ehlers-Danlos syndrome
COL1A1	Orphanet:31112	Dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans
COL1A1	Orphanet:314029	High bone mass osteogenesis imperfecta

Cohort genes → proteins

1 cohort genes, 1 distinct canonical proteins.

Evidence partition

Subset	Genes
multi_evidence	1

Cohort genes (full)

Symbol	HGNC	Ensembl	UniProt	Name	Evidence
COL1A1	HGNC:2197	ENSG00000108821	P02452	Collagen alpha-1(I) chain	clinvar

Cohort function summary

Lead sentence per gene, UniProt-curated.

Symbol	Protein name	Function (lead sentence)
COL1A1	Collagen alpha-1(I) chain	Type I collagen is a member of group I collagen (fibrillar forming collagen).

Protein-family classification

Druggable: 0 · Difficult: 0 · Unknown: 1 · Druggable fraction: 0.0

Family distribution

Cohort families vs a genome-wide background (hypergeometric, BH-FDR; fold = observed/expected). Counts kept; sorted by enrichment, so the catch-all Other/Unknown bucket no longer leads.

Family	Genes	Fold	FDR
Other/Unknown	1	1.8×	0.558

Per-gene assignment

Symbol	Family	Druggable?	EC	InterPro (top 3)
COL1A1	Other/Unknown	no		Fib_collagen_C, VWF_dom, Collagen

Expression context

Cohort genes with no expression data: 0.

1 cohort gene are a single-cell marker in ≥1 SCXA experiment.

Breadth distribution (Bgee present_calls)

Bucket	Genes
narrow (1-5 tissues)	0
moderate (6-20)	0
broad (>20)	1
unknown	0

Top tissues across cohort

Tissue	Cohort genes
periodontal ligament	1
skin of hip	1
stromal cell of endometrium	1

Per-gene tissue summary (top 30)

Symbol	Bgee breadth	FANTOM5 breadth	SCXA	Top tissues
COL1A1	298	ubiquitous	marker	stromal cell of endometrium, skin of hip, periodontal ligament

Protein interactions among cohort

Intra-cohort edges: 0.

Hub genes (top 10 by interactor count)

Symbol	Interactor count
COL1A1	5,341

Structural data

PDB: 1 · AlphaFold-only: 0 · No structure: 0

Cohort genes with PDB structures (top 30)

Symbol	UniProt	PDB entries
COL1A1	P02452	14

Function

Pathway analysis

Distinct Reactome pathways touched by cohort: 26. Enrichment computed across 1 evidence-associated genes (1 with Reactome annotation).

Pathways by enrichment

Over-representation of cohort genes vs the genome-wide background (hypergeometric test, Benjamini-Hochberg FDR; fold = observed/expected over 1 annotated cohort genes). Counts and members are kept as ground-truth; sorted by enrichment.

Pathway	Cohort genes	Fold	FDR	Sample cohort genes
Defective VWF binding to collagen type I	1	3806.7×	0.003	COL1A1
Enhanced cleavage of VWF variant by ADAMTS13	1	2855.0×	0.003	COL1A1
Defective VWF cleavage by ADAMTS13 variant	1	2855.0×	0.003	COL1A1
Enhanced binding of GP1BA variant to VWF multimer:collagen	1	1631.4×	0.003	COL1A1
Defective binding of VWF variant to GPIb:IX:V	1	1631.4×	0.003	COL1A1
GP1b-IX-V activation signalling	1	951.7×	0.004	COL1A1
Anchoring fibril formation	1	761.3×	0.004	COL1A1
Platelet Adhesion to exposed collagen	1	671.8×	0.004	COL1A1
Scavenging by Class A Receptors	1	601.0×	0.004	COL1A1
Fibronectin matrix formation	1	571.0×	0.004	COL1A1
Crosslinking of collagen fibrils	1	571.0×	0.004	COL1A1
RUNX2 regulates osteoblast differentiation	1	456.8×	0.004	COL1A1
Platelet Aggregation (Plug Formation)	1	439.2×	0.004	COL1A1
Syndecan interactions	1	423.0×	0.004	COL1A1
MET activates PTK2 signaling	1	380.7×	0.005	COL1A1
GPVI-mediated activation cascade	1	308.6×	0.005	COL1A1
Collagen chain trimerization	1	259.6×	0.006	COL1A1
Developmental Lineage of Pancreatic Ductal Cells	1	228.4×	0.006	COL1A1
Assembly of collagen fibrils and other multimeric structures	1	200.3×	0.007	COL1A1
Collagen degradation	1	175.7×	0.007	COL1A1
Collagen biosynthesis and modifying enzymes	1	170.4×	0.007	COL1A1
Non-integrin membrane-ECM interactions	1	154.3×	0.008	COL1A1
ECM proteoglycans	1	150.3×	0.008	COL1A1
Integrin cell surface interactions	1	134.3×	0.008	COL1A1
Cell surface interactions at the vascular wall	1	95.2×	0.011	COL1A1
Immunoregulatory interactions between a Lymphoid and a non-Lymphoid cell	1	87.2×	0.011	COL1A1

GO biological processes by enrichment

Over-representation of cohort genes vs the genome-wide background (hypergeometric test, Benjamini-Hochberg FDR; fold = observed/expected over 1 annotated cohort genes). Counts and members are kept as ground-truth; sorted by enrichment.

GO term	Cohort genes	Fold	FDR	Sample cohort genes
cellular response to vitamin E	1	16852.0×	0.002	COL1A1
cellular response to fluoride	1	8426.0×	0.002	COL1A1
tooth mineralization	1	5617.3×	0.002	COL1A1
cellular response to acetaldehyde	1	3370.4×	0.003	COL1A1
intramembranous ossification	1	2808.7×	0.003	COL1A1
cartilage development involved in endochondral bone morphogenesis	1	2407.4×	0.003	COL1A1
bone trabecula formation	1	2106.5×	0.003	COL1A1
skin morphogenesis	1	1404.3×	0.003	COL1A1
collagen-activated tyrosine kinase receptor signaling pathway	1	1296.3×	0.003	COL1A1
response to hyperoxia	1	1123.5×	0.003	COL1A1
negative regulation of cell-substrate adhesion	1	1053.2×	0.003	COL1A1
collagen biosynthetic process	1	1053.2×	0.003	COL1A1
response to steroid hormone	1	842.6×	0.004	COL1A1
endochondral ossification	1	543.6×	0.005	COL1A1
cellular response to fibroblast growth factor stimulus	1	543.6×	0.005	COL1A1
response to cAMP	1	510.7×	0.005	COL1A1
face morphogenesis	1	495.6×	0.005	COL1A1
response to hydrogen peroxide	1	468.1×	0.005	COL1A1
embryonic skeletal system development	1	391.9×	0.005	COL1A1
blood vessel development	1	374.5×	0.005	COL1A1
protein localization to nucleus	1	351.1×	0.006	COL1A1
positive regulation of epithelial to mesenchymal transition	1	318.0×	0.006	COL1A1
cellular response to epidermal growth factor stimulus	1	318.0×	0.006	COL1A1
cellular response to amino acid stimulus	1	306.4×	0.006	COL1A1
cellular response to transforming growth factor beta stimulus	1	276.3×	0.006	COL1A1
cellular response to glucose stimulus	1	267.5×	0.006	COL1A1
cellular response to retinoic acid	1	234.1×	0.006	COL1A1
response to insulin	1	230.8×	0.006	COL1A1
collagen fibril organization	1	224.7×	0.006	COL1A1
cellular response to mechanical stimulus	1	216.1×	0.006	COL1A1

Therapeutics

Drugs indicated for this disease

0 approved, 3 in late-stage (phase 3) trials. Disease-direct ChEMBL indications, not inferred from the associated-gene cohort below.

Drug	Development status
Epoetin Alfa	Phase 3 (in late-stage trials)
Epoetin Beta	Phase 3 (in late-stage trials)
Sodium Chloride	Phase 3 (in late-stage trials)

Earlier-phase candidates (phase 2, investigational — efficacy not yet established): Magnesium Sulfate Anhydrous.

Drug target analysis

Approved (phase 4): 0 · Phase ≥3: 0 · Phased (≥1): 0 · Undrugged: 1

Druggability breadth: 1 of 1 evidence-associated genes (100%) have a ChEMBL target (buckets above are over the deeply-mined display cohort).

Top cohort targets by molecule count

Symbol	Molecules	Max phase
COL1A1	0	0

Bioactivity and enzyme data

Enzyme cohort genes (≥1 EC): 0.

Cohort genes with ChEMBL bioactivity (full, sorted by assay count)

Symbol	Assays	Type breakdown
COL1A1	8	Binding:8

Pharmacogenomics

Cohort genes with a PharmGKB record: 1; with CPIC/DPWG dosing guidelines: 0.

No cohort gene has a CPIC/DPWG genotype-guided dosing guideline (PharmGKB).

Chemical tractability of cohort targets

0 approved/phased compounds have measured bioactivity against a cohort gene (and aren’t yet in disease-level trials). This is a research / tractability signal, NOT a therapeutic recommendation — a bioactivity row often reflects off-target or screening binding (e.g. promiscuous kinase inhibitors against a cohort kinase), implying no disease mechanism.

Druggability pyramid

Cohort genes binned by druggability tier (high → low):

Tier	Definition	Genes	Symbols
A	Approved (phase 4 drug)	0
B	Phased (≥1) drug, not yet approved	0
C	Druggable family + PDB, no drug	0
D	Druggable family + AlphaFold only, no drug	0
E	Difficult family or no structure, no drug	1	COL1A1

Undrugged target profiles

1 cohort genes are undrugged. Ranked by ‘starting-point quality’ (assay depth + drugged-partner adjacency).

Symbol	ChEMBL assays	Drugged partners (top 3)
COL1A1	8	—

Clinical trials & evidence

Clinical trials

Clinical trials: 283.

Phase distribution (across all retrieved trials)

Phase	Trials
Not specified	213
PHASE3	16
PHASE2	15
PHASE1	14
PHASE1/PHASE2	11
PHASE4	5
EARLY_PHASE1	5
PHASE2/PHASE3	4

Top trials by phase / activity

NCT	Phase	Status	Title
NCT05836610	PHASE4	RECRUITING	Hydrocortisone Therapy Optimization During Hypothermia Treatment in Asphyxiated Neonates
NCT07248761	PHASE4	ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING	Early Hydrocortisone Versus Regular Treatment in Shock in Extremely Preterm Neonates - an Open Randomized Controlled Trial
NCT01743742	PHASE4	COMPLETED	First-day High Dose Vitamin C, E in Severe Birth Asphyxia
NCT03336541	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Low-dose Ketamine and Postpartum Depression in Parturients With Prenatal Depression
NCT04094870	PHASE4	COMPLETED	A Pilot Trial of Perinatal Depression Treatment in HIV Infected Women
NCT05186272	PHASE3	ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING	mHealth Mindfulness Intervention for Pregnant Black and Latina Women at Risk of Postpartum Depression
NCT05552053	PHASE2/PHASE3	ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING	Resources, Inspiration, Support and Empowerment (RISE) for Black Pregnant Women
NCT06074250	PHASE2/PHASE3	RECRUITING	Perinatal Depression & Anxiety (PDA) and Maternal Gut Microbiome
NCT06855108	PHASE3	NOT_YET_RECRUITING	Caffeine for Hypoxic Ischemic Encephalopathy
NCT00097097	PHASE3	COMPLETED	Neonatal Resuscitation in Zambia
NCT00494702	PHASE3	COMPLETED	Oxygen Toxicity in the Resuscitation in Extremely Premature Infants
NCT00890409	PHASE3	COMPLETED	Safety and Efficacy of Hypothermia to Treat Neonatal Hypoxic-Ischemic Encephalopathy
NCT01646619	PHASE3	UNKNOWN	Efficacy Study of Hypothermia Plus Magnesium Sulphate(MgSO4) in the Management of Term and Near Term Babies With Hypoxic Ischemic Encephalopathy
NCT01732146	PHASE3	COMPLETED	Efficacy of Erythropoietin to Improve Survival and Neurological Outcome in Hypoxic Ischemic Encephalopathy
NCT02002039	PHASE2/PHASE3	COMPLETED	Neuroprotective Role of Erythropoietin in Perinatal Asphyxia
NCT02700828	PHASE2/PHASE3	COMPLETED	Hydrocortisone Treatment In Systemic Low Blood Pressure During Hypothermia in Asphyxiated Newborns
NCT02811263	PHASE3	COMPLETED	High-dose Erythropoietin for Asphyxia and Encephalopathy
NCT03079167	PHASE3	COMPLETED	PAEAN - Erythropoietin for Hypoxic Ischaemic Encephalopathy in Newborns
NCT03163589	PHASE3	UNKNOWN	Erythropoietin in Management of Neonatal Hypoxic Ischemic Encephalopathy
NCT03181646	PHASE3	UNKNOWN	Role of Citicoline in Treatment of Newborns With Hypoxic Ischemic Encephalopathy
NCT03549520	PHASE3	COMPLETED	CEUS Evaluation of Hypoxic Ischemic Injury
NCT04043299	PHASE3	UNKNOWN	Effect of Intrapartum Oxygen Administration on Fetal and Early Neonatal Outcomes
NCT04145713	PHASE3	UNKNOWN	Effects of Probiotic Mixture Supplementation and Evaluation of Intestinal Mucosal Tolerance and Gut Microbiome in Newborns With Perinatal Asphyxia Receiving Hypothermic Treatment
NCT06377098	PHASE3	WITHDRAWN	Intrapartum Sildenafil in Laboring Mothers
NCT06522854	PHASE3	WITHDRAWN	Oral Sildenafil Citrate to Improve Maternal and Neonatal Outcomes in Low-resource Settings
NCT05514340	PHASE2	RECRUITING	Assess Safety and Efficacy of Sovateltide in Hypoxic-ischemic Encephalopathy
NCT05610085	PHASE2	RECRUITING	A Dose Escalation Study of Levetiracetam in the Treatment of Neonatal Seizures
NCT05778188	PHASE2	RECRUITING	A Study to Evaluate the Safety, Tolerability, Pharmacokinetics, and Preliminary Efficacy of RLS-0071 in Newborns With Moderate or Severe Hypoxic-Ischemic Encephalopathy Undergoing Therapeutic Hypothermia
NCT05853601	PHASE1/PHASE2	RECRUITING	Theophylline Prophylaxis During Hypothermia to Limit Neonatal Nephron Damage
NCT06810284	PHASE2	NOT_YET_RECRUITING	Sildenafil Plus Hypothermia to Treat Neonatal Encephalopathy
NCT07406477	PHASE2	NOT_YET_RECRUITING	The PROTECT-HIE Pilot Trial
NCT00808704	PHASE1/PHASE2	COMPLETED	Neurological Outcome After Erythropoietin Treatment for Neonatal Encephalopathy
NCT00817401	PHASE1/PHASE2	COMPLETED	Systemic Hypothermia Improves Outcome of Hypoxic-Ischemic Encephalopathy
NCT00945789	PHASE1/PHASE2	COMPLETED	Erythropoietin in Infants With Hypoxic Ischemic Encephalopathy (HIE)
NCT01059461	PHASE2	COMPLETED	Study of Cerebrolysin for Treatment of Infants With History of Neonatal Hypoxic Ischemic Encephalopathy
NCT01138176	PHASE1/PHASE2	UNKNOWN	Whole Body Cooling Using Phase Changing Material
NCT01241019	PHASE2	COMPLETED	Safety and Efficacy of Topiramate in Neonates With Hypoxic Ischemic Encephalopathy Treated With Hypothermia
NCT01471015	PHASE1/PHASE2	COMPLETED	Darbe Administration in Newborns Undergoing Cooling for Encephalopathy
NCT01545271	PHASE1/PHASE2	COMPLETED	Xenon and Cooling Therapy in Babies at High Risk of Brain Injury Following Poor Condition at Birth
NCT01626924	PHASE2	TERMINATED	A Study of 2-Iminobiotin in Neonates With Perinatal Asphyxia

Drugs tested across these trials (top 30)

Molecule	Max phase	Trials referencing
CAFFEINE CITRATE	4	4
MAGNESIUM SULFATE ANHYDROUS	4	3
AMIKACIN	4	1
ASCORBIC ACID	4	1
DOBUTAMINE	4	1
EPOETIN ALFA	4	1
FISH OIL	4	1
HYDROCORTISONE	4	1
MORPHINE SULFATE	4	1
OXYGEN	4	1
PENTOXIFYLLINE	4	1
PHENOBARBITAL	4	1
SERTRALINE	4	1
SULFUR HEXAFLUORIDE	4	1
VITAMIN E	4	1
XENON	4	1
AUTOLOGOUS CORD BLOOD	3	2
CITICOLINE	3	2
2-IMINOBIOTIN	2	1
CHEMBL1788361	0	1
CHEMBL4073387	0	1
CHEMBL2096625	0	1
CHEMBL4792718	0	1
CHEMBL5439651	0	1
CHEMBL4793445	0	1
ALPHA-TOCOPHEROL	0	1