Peripheral neuropathy

disease
On this page

Also known as neuropathyperipheral nerve disorder

Summary

Peripheral neuropathy (MONDO:0005244) is a disease (an umbrella term covering 30 Mondo subtypes) with 75 cohort genes (101 GWAS associations across 38 studies) and 340 clinical trials. The dominant Reactome pathway is EGR2 and SOX10-mediated initiation of Schwann cell myelination (4 cohort genes). Top therapeutic interventions include glutamine, gabapentin, and calcium gluconate.

At a glance

  • Umbrella term: 30 Mondo subtypes
  • Cohort genes: 75
  • GWAS associations: 101
  • ClinVar variants: 213
  • Clinical trials: 340

Clinical features

No curated clinical features (Orphanet) for this disease.

Identifiers

Disease identifiers

FieldValue
Canonical nameperipheral neuropathy
Mondo IDMONDO:0005244
EFOEFO:0003100
DOIDDOID:870
NCITC119734, C4731
SNOMED CT302226006, 386033004
UMLSC0031117
MedGen18386
MedDRA10034606
Is cancer (heuristic)no

Also known as: neuropathy · peripheral nerve disorder · peripheral neuropathy

Data availability: 213 ClinVar variants · 101 GWAS associations (38 studies) · 3 GenCC gene-disease records · 42 cell lines.

Disease family

An umbrella term covering 30 Mondo subtypes.

Classification path: disease › human disease › disease by body system or component › nervous system disorderperipheral nervous system disorderperipheral neuropathy

Related subtypes (17): autoimmune disorder of peripheral nervous system, autonomic nervous system disorder, peripheral nervous system neoplasm, vestibulocochlear nerve disorder, hypoglossal nerve disorder, facial nerve disorder, neuroma, accessory nerve disorder, glossopharyngeal nerve disorder, olfactory nerve disorder, radiculopathy, trigeminal nerve disorder, third cranial nerve disorder, cauda equina syndrome, peroneal nerve paralysis, trochlear nerve disorder, abducens nerve disorder

Subtypes (30): autoimmune neuropathy, autonomic neuropathy, mononeuropathy, ischemic neuropathy, polyneuropathy, neuritis, motor peripheral neuropathy, sensory peripheral neuropathy, uremic neuropathy, nerve compression syndrome, axonal neuropathy, diabetic neuropathy, acquired peripheral neuropathy, hereditary peripheral neuropathy, neuralgia, peripheral nerve lesion, nerve plexus disorder, traumatic neuropathy, radiation-induced neuropathy, vasculitic neuropathy, chronic idiopathic neuropathy, chemotherapy-induced neuropathy, infectious neuropathy, vitamin deficiency related neuropathy, paraproteinemia-associated neuropathy, neuropathy in cryoglobulinemia, neuropathy in endocrine disorder, sarcoid neuropathy, neuropathy, small fiber, idiopathic small fibers neuropathy

Genetics & variants

GWAS landscape

101 GWAS associations across 38 studies. Top hits map to 26 distinct genes (as reported by GWAS).

Top associations by p-value

rsIDp-valueGeneRisk alleleOdds ratio
rs4779922e-19PHGDHA0.07
rs6626026e-17PHGDHC0.07
rs753981134e-13SNRPCG0.09
chr19:159834855e-13T0.1
rs126112759e-13UCA1-AS1 - CYP4F36PG0.06
chr7:560993522e-12G0.06
rs5620383e-12PHGDHG0.09
chr19:159797447e-12C0.06
rs134177838e-12SCN7A - XIRP2?1.59
rs12603263e-11GCKRT0.05
rs127224862e-09IL2RA?38.2
rs9246076e-09CEP72-DTT2.43
rs2660958e-09LINC02881 - CXCL12?56.3
rs95017531e-08LINC03066 - DUSP22?
rs170329801e-08LINC01798 - LINC01828?3.17
rs75684982e-08TANK?
rs8013502e-08Metazoa_SRP - LINC01790?
rs8013782e-08Metazoa_SRP - LINC01790?
rs2132732e-08HDAC9?
rs8758582e-08VAC14?3.6
rs170207732e-08GRID2C1.86
rs171083443e-08PTPRB?25.3
rs5027163e-08ANGPT4 - RSPO4?28
rs127862003e-08FAT3?4.35
rs44635163e-08Y_RNA - APTX?2.89
rs78186884e-08NDUFAF6?4.26
rs1155752204e-08HIGD1AP4 - SCG2T2.44
rs98279086e-08LRIG1?48.5
rs75541826e-08RN7SKP229 - ZNF648?48.5
rs18588261e-07GNGT1G3.45

Top studies (by case count)

StudyLead authorYearCasesControlsTitle
GCST90475844Verma A202436,894386,060Diversity and scale: Genetic architecture of 2068 traits in the VA Million Veteran Program.
GCST90475835Verma A202413,396423,364Diversity and scale: Genetic architecture of 2068 traits in the VA Million Veteran Program.
GCST90479109Verma A202412,432419,042Diversity and scale: Genetic architecture of 2068 traits in the VA Million Veteran Program.
GCST90477606Verma A20247,826105,774Diversity and scale: Genetic architecture of 2068 traits in the VA Million Veteran Program.
GCST90480036Verma A20247,826105,774Diversity and scale: Genetic architecture of 2068 traits in the VA Million Veteran Program.
GCST008223Tang Y20194,3840A Genetic Locus on Chromosome 2q24 Predicting Peripheral Neuropathy Risk in Type 2 Diabetes: Results From the ACCORD and BARI 2D Studies.
GCST90479108Verma A20243,893111,443Diversity and scale: Genetic architecture of 2068 traits in the VA Million Veteran Program.
GCST90481137Verma A20243,893111,443Diversity and scale: Genetic architecture of 2068 traits in the VA Million Veteran Program.
GCST90477605Verma A20243,09453,756Diversity and scale: Genetic architecture of 2068 traits in the VA Million Veteran Program.
GCST90652108Liu TY20252,757223,246Diversity and longitudinal records: Genetic architecture of disease associations and polygenic risk in the Taiwanese Han population.

Variant details and genetic-evidence tiers

Tier distribution (top 50 variants)

TierVariants
Tier 1: coding1
Tier 2: splice/UTR2
Tier 3: regulatory1
Tier 4: intronic/intergenic46

MAF distribution

BucketVariants
common (>=0.05)47
low_freq (0.01-0.05)3
rare (<0.01)0
unknown0

Functional consequences

ConsequenceCount
intron_variant24
intergenic_variant16
unknown3
non_coding_transcript_exon_variant2
5_prime_UTR_variant1
missense_variant1
synonymous_variant1
regulatory_region_variant1
3_prime_UTR_variant1

Top variants

rsIDChrPosAllelesMAFConsequenceGenep-valueTier
rs4779921119714953A>C,G,T0.313intron_variantPHGDH2e-19Tier 4: intronic/intergenic
rs6626021119724280C>G,T0.278intron_variantPHGDH6e-17Tier 4: intronic/intergenic
rs75398113634760294G>A,C0.093intron_variantSNRPC4e-13Tier 4: intronic/intergenic
chr19:159834850.2895e-13Tier 4: intronic/intergenic
rs126112751915868125G>A0.261intergenic_variantUCA1-AS1 - CYP4F36P9e-13Tier 4: intronic/intergenic
chr7:560993520.262e-12Tier 4: intronic/intergenic
rs5620381119711922G>A,C0.3315_prime_UTR_variantPHGDH3e-12Tier 2: splice/UTR
chr19:159797440.2927e-12Tier 4: intronic/intergenic
rs134177832166773339C>G,T0.05intergenic_variantSCN7A - XIRP28e-12Tier 4: intronic/intergenic
rs1260326227508073T>A,C,G0.413missense_variantGCKR3e-11Tier 1: coding
rs12722486106061799C>A,G,T0.05intron_variantIL2RA2e-09Tier 4: intronic/intergenic
rs9246075609978C>T0.05intron_variantCEP72-DT6e-09Tier 4: intronic/intergenic
rs2660951044368720C>A,T0.05intergenic_variantLINC02881 - CXCL128e-09Tier 4: intronic/intergenic
rs95017536221146G>A0.05intron_variantLINC03066 - DUSP221e-08Tier 4: intronic/intergenic
rs17032980267075611A>C,G0.05intergenic_variantLINC01798 - LINC018281e-08Tier 4: intronic/intergenic
rs75684982161172602T>G0.05intron_variantTANK2e-08Tier 4: intronic/intergenic
rs8013502194682669G>A,C,T0.05intergenic_variantMetazoa_SRP - LINC017902e-08Tier 4: intronic/intergenic
rs8013782194695273A>C,G,T0.05intergenic_variantMetazoa_SRP - LINC017902e-08Tier 4: intronic/intergenic
rs213273718464885G>A,C0.05intron_variantHDAC92e-08Tier 4: intronic/intergenic
rs8758581670741552C>A,T0.05non_coding_transcript_exon_variantVAC142e-08Tier 4: intronic/intergenic
rs17020773493570776T>C0.03intron_variantGRID22e-08Tier 4: intronic/intergenic
rs171083441270560684C>T0.05synonymous_variantPTPRB3e-08Tier 4: intronic/intergenic
rs50271620945754G>A,C,T0.05intergenic_variantANGPT4 - RSPO43e-08Tier 4: intronic/intergenic
rs127862001192245852C>T0.05intron_variantFAT33e-08Tier 4: intronic/intergenic
rs4463516932867483G>A,C,T0.05intron_variantY_RNA - APTX3e-08Tier 4: intronic/intergenic
rs7818688895011854C>A,G0.05intergenic_variantNDUFAF64e-08Tier 4: intronic/intergenic
rs1155752202223475815G>C,T0.01intron_variantHIGD1AP4 - SCG24e-08Tier 4: intronic/intergenic
rs9827908366395177A>G0.05intron_variantLRIG16e-08Tier 4: intronic/intergenic
rs75541821182052148C>A,T0.05intergenic_variantRN7SKP229 - ZNF6486e-08Tier 4: intronic/intergenic
rs1858826793719703C>A,G,T0.1regulatory_region_variantGNGT11e-07Tier 3: regulatory

ClinVar germline variants

213 retrieved; paginated sample, class counts are floors:

84 uncertain significance, 48 likely benign, 23 benign, 20 conflicting classifications of pathogenicity, 13 likely pathogenic, 12 pathogenic/likely pathogenic, 11 pathogenic, 1 benign/likely benign, 1 conflicting classifications of pathogenicity; other; risk factor

ClinVarVariant (HGVS)GeneClassificationReview
26788246;XX;inv(7)(q11.23q36.3)dnPathogeniccriteria provided, single submitter
99113NM_000350.3(ABCA4):c.203C>T (p.Pro68Leu)ABCA4Pathogenicreviewed by expert panel
5981NM_004281.4(BAG3):c.626C>T (p.Pro209Leu)BAG3Pathogeniccriteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts
4543NM_001122955.4(BSCL2):c.455A>G (p.Asn152Ser)BSCL2Pathogeniccriteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts
397615NM_005199.5(CHRNG):c.256C>T (p.Arg86Cys)CHRNGPathogenic/Likely pathogeniccriteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts
406135NM_018972.4(GDAP1):c.458C>T (p.Pro153Leu)GDAP1Pathogenic/Likely pathogeniccriteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts
1180789NM_000166.6(GJB1):c.46C>G (p.His16Asp)GJB1Pathogenic/Likely pathogeniccriteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts
543920NM_000166.6(GJB1):c.491G>A (p.Arg164Gln)GJB1Pathogenic/Likely pathogeniccriteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts
804285NM_002109.6(HARS1):c.616G>T (p.Asp206Tyr)HARS1Pathogeniccriteria provided, single submitter
804286NM_002109.6(HARS1):c.730delGHARS1Pathogeniccriteria provided, single submitter
37312NM_005340.7(HINT1):c.110G>C (p.Arg37Pro)HINT1Pathogeniccriteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts
37314NM_005340.7(HINT1):c.266G>T (p.Gly89Val)HINT1Pathogenic/Likely pathogeniccriteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts
162194NM_002180.3(IGHMBP2):c.138T>A (p.Cys46Ter)IGHMBP2Pathogeniccriteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts
9114NM_002180.3(IGHMBP2):c.1738G>A (p.Val580Ile)IGHMBP2Pathogenic/Likely pathogeniccriteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts
587402NM_014874.4(MFN2):c.334G>A (p.Val112Met)MFN2Pathogenic/Likely pathogeniccriteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts
14029NM_006158.5(NEFL):c.64C>T (p.Pro22Ser)NEFLPathogenic/Likely pathogeniccriteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts
66698NM_006158.5(NEFL):c.803T>C (p.Leu268Pro)NEFLPathogeniccriteria provided, single submitter
29802NM_002506.3(NGF):c.680_682delinsA (p.Thr227fs)NGFPathogeniccriteria provided, single submitter
548658NM_018297.4(NGLY1):c.1533_1536del (p.Asn511fs)NGLY1Pathogeniccriteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts
1180711NM_002677.5(PMP2):c.144TAT[1] (p.Ile50del)PMP2Pathogenic/Likely pathogeniccriteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts
243087NM_002677.5(PMP2):c.128T>A (p.Ile43Asn)PMP2Pathogenic/Likely pathogeniccriteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts
4789NM_181882.3(PRX):c.1102C>T (p.Arg368Ter)PRXPathogenic/Likely pathogeniccriteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts
1328560NM_001365088.1(SLC12A6):c.1655G>A (p.Gly552Asp)SLC12A6Pathogenic/Likely pathogeniccriteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts
1180832NM_018972.4(GDAP1):c.157G>T (p.Glu53Ter)GDAP1Likely pathogeniccriteria provided, single submitter
816531NM_018972.4(GDAP1):c.802_803del (p.Trp268fs)GDAP1Likely pathogeniccriteria provided, single submitter
2429345NM_000166.6(GJB1):c.577T>C (p.Phe193Leu)GJB1Likely pathogenicno assertion criteria provided
1707549NM_004984.4(KIF5A):c.262A>G (p.Thr88Ala)KIF5ALikely pathogeniccriteria provided, single submitter
1180795NM_007289.4(MME):c.499T>A (p.Trp167Arg)MMELikely pathogeniccriteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts
242839NM_007289.4(MME):c.1861T>C (p.Cys621Arg)MMELikely pathogeniccriteria provided, single submitter
1180633NM_000530.8(MPZ):c.68-2A>CMPZLikely pathogeniccriteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts

Genes & proteins

Mendelian disease overlap and somatic drivers

GenCC: 11 · Orphanet: 86 · OMIM-shared: 0 · Dual-evidence (GWAS+Mendelian): 2

Dual-evidence genes (GWAS + Mendelian — highest-confidence targets)

GeneHGNCEvidence routes
BSCL2BSCL2GWAS, Orphanet
NEFLNEFLGWAS, Orphanet

GenCC gene–disease validity (cohort genes)

the Disease column is the GenCC-asserted condition — a cohort gene’s strongest validity may be for a related predisposition syndrome.

GeneClassificationInheritanceDiseaseRecords
PCK2ModerateAutosomal recessiveperipheral neuropathy3
ARHGEF10LimitedAutosomal dominantperipheral neuropathy5
NRG1LimitedAutosomal dominantperipheral neuropathy3

Orphanet rare-disease linkage (cohort genes)

GeneOrphanet IDRare disease
BSCL2Orphanet:100998Autosomal dominant spastic paraplegia type 17
BSCL2Orphanet:139536Distal hereditary motor neuropathy type 5
BSCL2Orphanet:363400Progressive encephalopathy-severe neurodegeneration-lipodystrophy syndrome
BSCL2Orphanet:696289Congenital generalized lipodystrophy type 2
NEFLOrphanet:101085Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 1F
NEFLOrphanet:228374Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 2B5
NEFLOrphanet:99939Autosomal dominant Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 2E
ARHGEF10Orphanet:140481Autosomal dominant slowed nerve conduction velocity
PCK2Orphanet:2880Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase deficiency
SBF1Orphanet:363981Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 4B3
SLC12A6Orphanet:1496Corpus callosum agenesis-neuronopathy syndrome
SPTAN1Orphanet:697160Infantile epileptic spasms syndrome
ATP8A2Orphanet:1766Dysequilibrium syndrome
PRXOrphanet:64748Dejerine-Sottas syndrome
PRXOrphanet:99952Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 4F
WNK1Orphanet:88940Pseudohypoaldosteronism type 2C
WNK1Orphanet:970Hereditary sensory and autonomic neuropathy type 2
GDAP1Orphanet:101097Autosomal recessive Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease with hoarseness
GDAP1Orphanet:101102Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 2H
GDAP1Orphanet:217055Autosomal recessive intermediate Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type A
GDAP1Orphanet:99944Autosomal dominant Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 2K
GDAP1Orphanet:99948Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 4A
SUGCTOrphanet:35706Glutaric acidemia type 3
PNPLA6Orphanet:1173Cerebellar ataxia-hypogonadism syndrome
PNPLA6Orphanet:1180Ataxia-hypogonadism-choroidal dystrophy syndrome
PNPLA6Orphanet:139480Autosomal recessive spastic paraplegia type 39
PNPLA6Orphanet:2377Laurence-Moon syndrome
PNPLA6Orphanet:3363Trichomegaly-retina pigmentary degeneration-dwarfism syndrome
ZFPM2Orphanet:2140Congenital diaphragmatic hernia
ZFPM2Orphanet:25151046,XY partial gonadal dysgenesis
ZFPM2Orphanet:3303Tetralogy of Fallot
LITAFOrphanet:101083Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 1C
MFN2Orphanet:2398Multiple symmetric lipomatosis
MFN2Orphanet:64751Hereditary motor and sensory neuropathy type 5
MFN2Orphanet:90118Severe early-onset axonal neuropathy due to MFN2 deficiency
MFN2Orphanet:90120Hereditary motor and sensory neuropathy type 6
MFN2Orphanet:99947Autosomal dominant Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 2A2
NGLY1Orphanet:404454Alacrimia-choreoathetosis-liver dysfunction syndrome
NXNOrphanet:1507Autosomal recessive Robinow syndrome
HPSE2Orphanet:2704Urofacial syndrome
FGD4Orphanet:99954Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 4H
CHRNGOrphanet:2990Autosomal recessive multiple pterygium syndrome
CHRNGOrphanet:33108Lethal multiple pterygium syndrome
AARS1Orphanet:228174Autosomal dominant Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 2N
AARS1Orphanet:33364Trichothiodystrophy
AARS1Orphanet:442835Non-specific early-onset epileptic encephalopathy
CNGB1Orphanet:791Retinitis pigmentosa
COX6A1Orphanet:435998Autosomal recessive intermediate Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type D
MYH14Orphanet:397744MYH14-related peripheral neuropathy-myopathy-hoarseness-hearing loss syndrome
MYH14Orphanet:90635Rare autosomal dominant non-syndromic sensorineural deafness type DFNA

Cohort genes → proteins

75 cohort genes, 75 distinct canonical proteins.

Evidence partition

SubsetGenes
gwas_only41
gwas_and_clinvar2
multi_evidence32

Cohort genes (full)

SymbolHGNCEnsemblUniProtNameEvidence
BSCL2HGNC:15832ENSG00000168000Q96G97Seipingwas,clinvar
NEFLHGNC:7739ENSG00000277586P07196Neurofilament light polypeptidegwas,clinvar
ARHGEF10HGNC:14103ENSG00000104728O15013Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor 10gencc
NRG1HGNC:7997ENSG00000157168Q02297Pro-neuregulin-1, membrane-bound isoformgencc
PCK2HGNC:8725ENSG00000100889Q16822Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase [GTP], mitochondrialgencc
SBF1HGNC:10542ENSG00000100241O95248Myotubularin-related protein 5clinvar
CX3CL1HGNC:10647ENSG00000006210P78423Fractalkinegwas
CXCL12HGNC:10672ENSG00000107562P48061Stromal cell-derived factor 1gwas
SLC12A6HGNC:10914ENSG00000140199Q9UHW9Solute carrier family 12 member 6clinvar
SPTAN1HGNC:11273ENSG00000197694Q13813Spectrin alpha chain, non-erythrocytic 1clinvar
TANKHGNC:11562ENSG00000136560Q92844TRAF family member-associated NF-kappa-B activatorgwas
TRPM2HGNC:12339ENSG00000142185O94759Transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily M member 2gwas
SCUBE1HGNC:13441ENSG00000159307Q8IWY4Signal peptide, CUB and EGF-like domain-containing protein 1gwas
ATP8A2HGNC:13533ENSG00000132932Q9NTI2Phospholipid-transporting ATPase IBgwas
PRXHGNC:13797ENSG00000105227Q9BXM0Periaxinclinvar
HDAC9HGNC:14065ENSG00000048052Q9UKV0Histone deacetylase 9gwas
XIRP2HGNC:14303ENSG00000163092A4UGR9Xin actin-binding repeat-containing protein 2gwas
CALD1HGNC:1441ENSG00000122786Q05682Caldesmongwas
WNK1HGNC:14540ENSG00000060237Q9H4A3Serine/threonine-protein kinase WNK1clinvar
CALUHGNC:1458ENSG00000128595O43852Calumeningwas
VPS16HGNC:14584ENSG00000215305Q9H269Vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 16 homologclinvar
DNAJB5HGNC:14887ENSG00000137094O75953DnaJ homolog subfamily B member 5clinvar
IL37HGNC:15563ENSG00000125571Q9NZH6Interleukin-37gwas
HIF3AHGNC:15825ENSG00000124440Q9Y2N7Hypoxia-inducible factor 3-alphagwas
GDAP1HGNC:15968ENSG00000104381Q8TB36Ganglioside-induced differentiation-associated protein 1clinvar
SUGCTHGNC:16001ENSG00000175600Q9HAC7Succinyl-CoA:glutarate CoA-transferasegwas
SPTLC3HGNC:16253ENSG00000172296Q9NUV7Serine palmitoyltransferase 3clinvar
PNPLA6HGNC:16268ENSG00000032444Q8IY17Patatin-like phospholipase domain-containing protein 6clinvar
GALNT17HGNC:16347ENSG00000185274Q6IS24Polypeptide N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase 17gwas
ZFPM2HGNC:16700ENSG00000169946Q8WW38Zinc finger protein ZFPM2gwas
PRDX6HGNC:16753ENSG00000117592P30041Peroxiredoxin-6clinvar
LITAFHGNC:16841ENSG00000189067Q99732Lipopolysaccharide-induced tumor necrosis factor-alpha factorgwas
MFN2HGNC:16877ENSG00000116688O95140Mitofusin-2clinvar
LRIG1HGNC:17360ENSG00000144749Q96JA1Leucine-rich repeats and immunoglobulin-like domains protein 1gwas
CDH13HGNC:1753ENSG00000140945P55290Cadherin-13gwas
NGLY1HGNC:17646ENSG00000151092Q96IV0Peptide-N(4)-(N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminyl)asparagine amidaseclinvar
NXNHGNC:18008ENSG00000167693Q6DKJ4Nucleoredoxingwas
ZNF648HGNC:18190ENSG00000179930Q5T619Zinc finger protein 648gwas
HPSE2HGNC:18374ENSG00000172987Q8WWQ2Inactive heparanase-2gwas
ADCK1HGNC:19038ENSG00000063761Q86TW2AarF domain-containing protein kinase 1gwas
FGD4HGNC:19125ENSG00000139132Q96M96FYVE, RhoGEF and PH domain-containing protein 4gwas
CHRNGHGNC:1967ENSG00000196811P07510Acetylcholine receptor subunit gammaclinvar
CHST9HGNC:19898ENSG00000154080Q7L1S5Carbohydrate sulfotransferase 9gwas
KIF24HGNC:19916ENSG00000186638Q5T7B8Kinesin-like protein KIF24clinvar
AARS1HGNC:20ENSG00000090861P49588Alanine–tRNA ligase, cytoplasmicclinvar
SLITRK1HGNC:20297ENSG00000178235Q96PX8SLIT and NTRK-like protein 1gwas
CNGB1HGNC:2151ENSG00000070729Q14028Cyclic nucleotide-gated channel beta-1gwas
TAFA2HGNC:21589ENSG00000198673Q8N3H0Chemokine-like protein TAFA-2gwas
COX6A1HGNC:2277ENSG00000111775P12074Cytochrome c oxidase subunit 6A1, mitochondrialclinvar
WDHD1HGNC:23170ENSG00000198554O75717WD repeat and HMG-box DNA-binding protein 1gwas

Cohort function summary

Lead sentence per gene, UniProt-curated.

SymbolProtein nameFunction (lead sentence)
BSCL2SeipinPlays a crucial role in the formation of lipid droplets (LDs) which are storage organelles at the center of lipid and energy homeostasis.
NEFLNeurofilament light polypeptideNeurofilaments usually contain three intermediate filament proteins: NEFL, NEFM, and NEFH which are involved in the maintenance of neuronal caliber.
ARHGEF10Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor 10May play a role in developmental myelination of peripheral nerves.
NRG1Pro-neuregulin-1, membrane-bound isoformDirect ligand for ERBB3 and ERBB4 tyrosine kinase receptors.
PCK2Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase [GTP], mitochondrialMitochondrial phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase that catalyzes the conversion of oxaloacetate (OAA) to phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP), the rate-limiting step in the metabolic pathway that produces glucose from lactate and other precursors deriv…
SBF1Myotubularin-related protein 5Acts as an adapter for the phosphatase MTMR2 to regulate MTMR2 catalytic activity and subcellular location.
CX3CL1FractalkineChemokine that acts as a ligand for both CX3CR1 and integrins ITGAV:ITGB3 and ITGA4:ITGB1.
CXCL12Stromal cell-derived factor 1Chemoattractant active on T-lymphocytes and monocytes but not neutrophils.
SLC12A6Solute carrier family 12 member 6Mediates electroneutral potassium-chloride cotransport when activated by cell swelling.
SPTAN1Spectrin alpha chain, non-erythrocytic 1Fodrin, which seems to be involved in secretion, interacts with calmodulin in a calcium-dependent manner and is thus candidate for the calcium-dependent movement of the cytoskeleton at the membrane.
TANKTRAF family member-associated NF-kappa-B activatorAdapter protein involved in I-kappa-B-kinase (IKK) regulation which constitutively binds TBK1 and IKBKE playing a role in antiviral innate immunity.
TRPM2Transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily M member 2Nonselective, voltage-independent cation channel that mediates Na(+) and Ca(2+) influx, leading to increased cytoplasmic Ca(2+) levels.
SCUBE1Signal peptide, CUB and EGF-like domain-containing protein 1Could function as an adhesive molecule and its matrix bound and soluble fragments may play a critical role in vascular biology.
ATP8A2Phospholipid-transporting ATPase IBCatalytic component of a P4-ATPase flippase complex which catalyzes the hydrolysis of ATP coupled to the transport of aminophospholipids from the outer to the inner leaflet of various membranes and ensures the maintenance of asymmetric dis…
PRXPeriaxinScaffolding protein that functions as part of a dystroglycan complex in Schwann cells, and as part of EZR and AHNAK-containing complexes in eye lens fiber cells.
HDAC9Histone deacetylase 9Responsible for the deacetylation of lysine residues on the N-terminal part of the core histones (H2A, H2B, H3 and H4).
XIRP2Xin actin-binding repeat-containing protein 2Protects actin filaments from depolymerization.
CALD1CaldesmonActin- and myosin-binding protein implicated in the regulation of actomyosin interactions in smooth muscle and nonmuscle cells (could act as a bridge between myosin and actin filaments).
WNK1Serine/threonine-protein kinase WNK1Serine/threonine-protein kinase component of the WNK1-SPAK/OSR1 kinase cascade, which acts as a key regulator of blood pressure and regulatory volume increase by promoting ion influx.
CALUCalumeninInvolved in regulation of vitamin K-dependent carboxylation of multiple N-terminal glutamate residues.
VPS16Vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 16 homologPlays a role in vesicle-mediated protein trafficking to lysosomal compartments including the endocytic membrane transport and autophagic pathways.
IL37Interleukin-37Immune regulatory cytokine that acts as a suppressor of innate inflammatory and immune responses involved in curbing excessive inflammation.
HIF3AHypoxia-inducible factor 3-alphaActs as a transcriptional regulator in adaptive response to low oxygen tension.
GDAP1Ganglioside-induced differentiation-associated protein 1Regulates the mitochondrial network by promoting mitochondrial fission.
SUGCTSuccinyl-CoA:glutarate CoA-transferaseCoenzyme A (CoA) transferase that reversibly catalyzes the transfer of a CoA moiety from a dicarboxyl-CoA to a dicarboxylate in a metabolite recycling process.
SPTLC3Serine palmitoyltransferase 3Component of the serine palmitoyltransferase multisubunit enzyme (SPT) that catalyzes the initial and rate-limiting step in sphingolipid biosynthesis by condensing L-serine and activated acyl-CoA (most commonly palmitoyl-CoA) to form long-…
PNPLA6Patatin-like phospholipase domain-containing protein 6Phospholipase B that deacylates intracellular phosphatidylcholine (PtdCho), generating glycerophosphocholine (GroPtdCho).
GALNT17Polypeptide N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase 17May catalyze the initial reaction in O-linked oligosaccharide biosynthesis, the transfer of an N-acetyl-D-galactosamine residue to a serine or threonine residue on the protein receptor.
ZFPM2Zinc finger protein ZFPM2Transcription regulator that plays a central role in heart morphogenesis and development of coronary vessels from epicardium, by regulating genes that are essential during cardiogenesis.
PRDX6Peroxiredoxin-6Thiol-specific peroxidase that catalyzes the reduction of hydrogen peroxide and organic hydroperoxides to water and alcohols, respectively.
LITAFLipopolysaccharide-induced tumor necrosis factor-alpha factorPlays a role in endosomal protein trafficking and in targeting proteins for lysosomal degradation.
MFN2Mitofusin-2Mitochondrial outer membrane GTPase that mediates mitochondrial clustering and fusion.
LRIG1Leucine-rich repeats and immunoglobulin-like domains protein 1Acts as a feedback negative regulator of signaling by receptor tyrosine kinases, through a mechanism that involves enhancement of receptor ubiquitination and accelerated intracellular degradation.
CDH13Cadherin-13Cadherins are calcium-dependent cell adhesion proteins.
NGLY1Peptide-N(4)-(N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminyl)asparagine amidaseSpecifically deglycosylates the denatured form of N-linked glycoproteins in the cytoplasm and assists their proteasome-mediated degradation.
NXNNucleoredoxinFunctions as a redox-dependent negative regulator of the Wnt signaling pathway, possibly by preventing ubiquitination of DVL3 by the BCR(KLHL12) complex.
ZNF648Zinc finger protein 648May be involved in transcriptional regulation.
HPSE2Inactive heparanase-2Binds heparin and heparan sulfate with high affinity, but lacks heparanase activity.
ADCK1AarF domain-containing protein kinase 1Appears to be essential for maintaining mitochondrial cristae formation and mitochondrial function by acting via YME1L1 in a kinase-independent manner to regulate essential mitochondrial structural proteins OPA1 and IMMT.
FGD4FYVE, RhoGEF and PH domain-containing protein 4Activates CDC42, a member of the Ras-like family of Rho- and Rac proteins, by exchanging bound GDP for free GTP.
CHRNGAcetylcholine receptor subunit gammaAfter binding acetylcholine, the AChR responds by an extensive change in conformation that affects all subunits and leads to opening of an ion-conducting channel across the plasma membrane.
CHST9Carbohydrate sulfotransferase 9Catalyzes the transfer of sulfate from 3’-phosphoadenylyl sulfate (PAPS) to position 4 of non-reducing N-acetylgalactosamine (GalNAc) residues in both N-glycans and O-glycans.
KIF24Kinesin-like protein KIF24Microtubule-dependent motor protein that acts as a negative regulator of ciliogenesis by mediating recruitment of CCP110 to mother centriole in cycling cells, leading to restrict nucleation of cilia at centrioles.
AARS1Alanine–tRNA ligase, cytoplasmicCatalyzes the attachment of alanine to tRNA(Ala) in a two-step reaction: alanine is first activated by ATP to form Ala-AMP and then transferred to the acceptor end of tRNA(Ala).
SLITRK1SLIT and NTRK-like protein 1It is involved in synaptogenesis and promotes excitatory synapse differentiation.
CNGB1Cyclic nucleotide-gated channel beta-1Pore-forming subunit of the rod cyclic nucleotide-gated channel.
TAFA2Chemokine-like protein TAFA-2Has a role as neurotrophic factor involved in neuronal survival and neurobiological functions.
COX6A1Cytochrome c oxidase subunit 6A1, mitochondrialComponent of the cytochrome c oxidase, the last enzyme in the mitochondrial electron transport chain which drives oxidative phosphorylation.
WDHD1WD repeat and HMG-box DNA-binding protein 1Core replisome component that acts as a replication initiation factor.
MYH14Myosin-14Cellular myosin that appears to play a role in cytokinesis, cell shape, and specialized functions such as secretion and capping.

Protein-family classification

Druggable: 16 · Difficult: 17 · Unknown: 42 · Druggable fraction: 0.21

Family distribution

Cohort families vs a genome-wide background (hypergeometric, BH-FDR; fold = observed/expected). Counts kept; sorted by enrichment, so the catch-all Other/Unknown bucket no longer leads.

FamilyGenesFoldFDR
Scaffold/PPI102.3×0.087
Ion channel23.0×0.582
Antibody/Immunoglobulin31.2×0.679
Enzyme (other)71.1×0.679
Phosphatase11.1×0.679
Kinase31.1×0.679
Other/Unknown421.0×0.679
Transcription factor70.8×0.819

Per-gene assignment

SymbolFamilyDruggable?ECInterPro (top 3)
BSCL2Other/UnknownnoSeipin
NEFLOther/UnknownnoIntermed_filament_DNA-bd, IF_conserved, IF_rod_dom
ARHGEF10Scaffold/PPInoDH_dom, WD40/YVTN_repeat-like_dom_sf, DBL_dom_sf
NRG1Antibody/ImmunoglobulinyesEGF, Neuregulin_C, Ig_sub2
PCK2Kinaseyes4.1.1.32PEP_carboxykinase_GTP, PEP_carboxykinase_N, PEP_carboxykinase_C
SBF1Phosphataseyes3.1.3.16cDENN_dom, PH_domain, GRAM
CX3CL1Other/UnknownnoChemokine_IL8-like_dom, Chemokine_CX3C, Interleukin_8-like_sf
CXCL12Other/UnknownnoChemokine_IL8-like_dom, CXC_Chemokine_domain, Interleukin_8-like_sf
SLC12A6Other/UnknownnoKCL_cotranspt, AA-permease/SLC12A_dom, SLC12A_fam
SPTAN1Scaffold/PPInoSH3_domain, Spectrin_repeat, EF_hand_dom
TANKOther/UnknownnoTBD, TANK, CALCOCO1/2_Zn_UBZ1
TRPM2Ion channelyesNUDIX_hydrolase_dom, Ion_trans_dom, NUDIX_hydrolase-like_dom_sf
SCUBE1Other/UnknownnoEGF-type_Asp/Asn_hydroxyl_site, EGF, CUB_dom
ATP8A2Transcription factorno7.6.2.1P_typ_ATPase, P-type_ATPase_IV, ATPase_P-typ_transduc_dom_A_sf
PRXScaffold/PPInoPDZ, PDZ_sf, Myelin_sheath_structural
HDAC9Enzyme (other)yes3.5.1.98HDACs, Ureohydrolase_dom_sf, His_deacetylse_dom
XIRP2Other/UnknownnoActin-binding_Xin_repeat, XIRP1/XIRP2
CALD1Other/UnknownnoCaldesmon, Caldesmon_LSP
WNK1KinaseyesProt_kinase_dom, Ser/Thr_kinase_AS, Kinase-like_dom_sf
CALUOther/UnknownnoEF_hand_dom, EF-hand-dom_pair, EF_Hand_1_Ca_BS
VPS16Other/UnknownnoVps16_C, Vps16_N, VPS16
DNAJB5Other/UnknownnoDnaJ_domain, DnaJ_C, HSP40/DnaJ_pept-bd
IL37Other/UnknownnoIL-1_fam, IL-1RA/IL-36, IL1/FGF
HIF3ATranscription factornoPAS, PAC, bHLH_dom
GDAP1Other/UnknownnoGlutathione_S-Trfase_N, Glutathione-S-Trfase_C-like, GST_C_GDAP1
SUGCTEnzyme (other)yes2.8.3.13CoA-Trfase_fam_III, CoA-Trfase_III_dom_1_sf, CoA-Trfase_III_dom3_sf
SPTLC3Enzyme (other)yes2.3.1.50Aminotrans_II_pyridoxalP_BS, Aminotransferase_I/II_large, PyrdxlP-dep_Trfase_major
PNPLA6Other/UnknownnocNMP-bd_dom, LysoPLipase_patatin_CS, PNPLA_dom
GALNT17Other/UnknownnoRicin_B_lectin, Glyco_trans_2-like, Nucleotide-diphossugar_trans
ZFPM2Transcription factornoZnf_C2H2_type, Znf_CCHC_FOG, Znf_C2H2_sf
PRDX6Enzyme (other)yes1.11.1.27AhpC/TSA, Thioredoxin_domain, Peroxiredoxin_C
LITAFOther/UnknownnoLITAF, LITAF_fam
MFN2Other/UnknownnoFzo/mitofusin_HR2, Mitofusin_fam, P-loop_NTPase
LRIG1Antibody/ImmunoglobulinyesLRRNT, Cys-rich_flank_reg_C, Leu-rich_rpt
CDH13Other/UnknownnoCadherin-like_dom, Cadherin_pro_dom, Cadherin-like_sf
NGLY1Enzyme (other)yes3.5.1.52Transglutaminase-like, Peptide_N_glycanase_PAW_dom, Galactose-bd-like_sf
NXNOther/UnknownnoThioredoxin-like_fold, Thioredoxin_domain, Thioredoxin-like_sf
ZNF648Transcription factornoZnf_C2H2_type, Znf_C2H2_sf
HPSE2Other/UnknownnoGlyco_hydro_79, GH_hydrolase_sf
ADCK1KinaseyesABC1_dom, Kinase-like_dom_sf, ADCK1_dom
FGD4Transcription factornoDH_dom, Znf_FYVE, PH_domain
CHRNGOther/UnknownnoNicotinic_acetylcholine_rcpt, Neurotrans-gated_channel_TM, Neur_channel
CHST9Other/UnknownnoSulfotransferase, Carb_sulfotrans_8-10
KIF24Other/UnknownnoSAM, Kinesin_motor_dom, SAM/pointed_sf
AARS1Other/UnknownnoAla-tRNA-lgiase_IIc, DHHA1_dom, Transl_B-barrel_sf
SLITRK1Other/UnknownnoCys-rich_flank_reg_C, Leu-rich_rpt, Leu-rich_rpt_typical-subtyp
CNGB1Ion channelyescNMP-bd_dom, Ion_trans_dom, RmlC-like_jellyroll
TAFA2Other/UnknownnoChemokine-like_TAFA, TAFA_chemokine-like
COX6A1Other/UnknownnoCyt_c_oxidase_su6a, Cyt_c_oxidase_su6a_CS, Cyt_c_oxidase_su6a_sf
WDHD1Scaffold/PPInoWD40_rpt, HMG_box_dom, WD40/YVTN_repeat-like_dom_sf

Expression context

Cohort genes with no expression data: 0.

68 cohort genes are a single-cell marker in ≥1 SCXA experiment.

Breadth distribution (Bgee present_calls)

BucketGenes
narrow (1-5 tissues)0
moderate (6-20)1
broad (>20)74
unknown0

Top tissues across cohort

TissueCohort genes
secondary oocyte8
ventricular zone7
gastrocnemius6
primordial germ cell in gonad6
sural nerve5
cortical plate5
oocyte4
prefrontal cortex4
cerebellar hemisphere4
right hemisphere of cerebellum4
calcaneal tendon4
mucosa of stomach4
Brodmann (1909) area 234
hindlimb stylopod muscle4
apex of heart4
buccal mucosa cell4
male germ line stem cell (sensu Vertebrata) in testis4
primary visual cortex3
ganglionic eminence3
mucosa of transverse colon3

Per-gene tissue summary (top 30)

SymbolBgee breadthFANTOM5 breadthSCXATop tissues
BSCL2149ubiquitousmarkersuperior frontal gyrus, primary visual cortex, pituitary gland
NEFL214broadmarkerdorsal root ganglion, pons, lateral nuclear group of thalamus
ARHGEF10134ubiquitousyessural nerve, tibial nerve, right lung
NRG1209ubiquitousmarkerventricular zone, ganglionic eminence, oocyte
PCK2172ubiquitousmarkerright lobe of liver, mucosa of transverse colon, small intestine Peyer’s patch
SBF1278ubiquitousyesleft testis, right testis, right lobe of thyroid gland
CX3CL1261broadmarkerright lung, right coronary artery, prefrontal cortex
CXCL12275ubiquitousmarkersynovial joint, pericardium, mammary duct
SLC12A6274ubiquitousmarkeresophagus squamous epithelium, blood, secondary oocyte
SPTAN1293ubiquitousmarkerright hemisphere of cerebellum, cerebellar hemisphere, cerebellar cortex
TANK293ubiquitousmarkermonocyte, mononuclear cell, calcaneal tendon
TRPM2176broadmarkerright frontal lobe, caudate nucleus, nucleus accumbens
SCUBE1188broadmarkermucosa of stomach, tibia, cortical plate
ATP8A2180broadmarkermiddle temporal gyrus, Brodmann (1909) area 23, orbitofrontal cortex
PRX258ubiquitousmarkerolfactory bulb, trigeminal ganglion, sural nerve
HDAC9277ubiquitousmarkeroocyte, monocyte, secondary oocyte
XIRP2150tissue_specificmarkerdeltoid, biceps brachii, quadriceps femoris
CALD1293ubiquitousmarkerblood vessel layer, saphenous vein, cauda epididymis
WNK1297ubiquitousmarkermedial globus pallidus, globus pallidus, inferior vagus X ganglion
CALU303ubiquitousmarkerstromal cell of endometrium, smooth muscle tissue, tendon of biceps brachii
VPS16275ubiquitousmarkergranulocyte, right hemisphere of cerebellum, cerebellar hemisphere
DNAJB5241ubiquitousmarkerhindlimb stylopod muscle, saphenous vein, gastrocnemius
IL37141tissue_specificyesupper arm skin, skin of leg, upper leg skin
HIF3A223broadmarkermucosa of stomach, apex of heart, lower esophagus muscularis layer
GDAP1244ubiquitousyesendothelial cell, secondary oocyte, oocyte
SUGCT191ubiquitousmarkerright adrenal gland cortex, oocyte, right coronary artery
SPTLC3228ubiquitousmarkerbuccal mucosa cell, placenta, skin of abdomen
PNPLA6276ubiquitousmarkergranulocyte, metanephros cortex, upper lobe of left lung
GALNT17199broadmarkertrigeminal ganglion, dorsal root ganglion, cerebellar vermis
ZFPM2239ubiquitousmarkerskeletal muscle tissue of biceps brachii, germinal epithelium of ovary, biceps brachii

Protein interactions among cohort

Intra-cohort edges: 29.

Hub genes (top 10 by interactor count)

SymbolInteractor count
CXCL124,892
DNM24,715
NEFL4,644
DYNC1H14,215
PRDX64,106
MFN23,853
DCTN13,654
IARS23,442
SPTAN13,083
AARS13,074

Intra-cohort edges

ABSources
AARS1IARS2string_interaction
ARHGEF10DNAJB5biogrid_interaction, intact
ARHGEF10HSPB8intact
ARHGEF10SH3TC2string_interaction
CALD1SPTAN1intact
CX3CL1TENM3biogrid_interaction
DCTN1DYNC1H1biogrid_interaction, string_interaction
DCTN1KIFBPintact
DHTKD1FGD4string_interaction
DHTKD1GDAP1string_interaction
DHTKD1PLEKHG5string_interaction
DHTKD1SH3TC2string_interaction
DNM2ZBBXbiogrid_interaction
DYSFXIRP2biogrid_interaction, intact
FGD4GDAP1string_interaction
FGD4LITAFstring_interaction
FGD4NEFLbiogrid_interaction
FGD4SBF1string_interaction
FGD4SH3TC2string_interaction
GDAP1LITAFstring_interaction
GDAP1MFN2string_interaction
GDAP1SBF1string_interaction
GDAP1SH3TC2string_interaction
HDAC9WNK1intact
LITAFSH3TC2string_interaction
NEFLSBF1string_interaction
PLEKHG5SH3TC2string_interaction
SBF1SH3TC2string_interaction
TANKTENM3intact

Structural data

PDB: 39 · AlphaFold-only: 36 · No structure: 0

Cohort genes with PDB structures (top 30)

SymbolUniProtPDB entries
DYNC1H1Q1420497
CXCL12P4806134
TRPM2O9475915
DCTN1Q1420313
NRG1Q0229711
CNGB1Q1402811
DYSFO7592311
CX3CL1P7842310
DCCP431469
SLC12A6Q9UHW98
GDAP1Q8TB368
WDHD1O757178
DHTKD1Q96HY78
SPTAN1Q138137
AARS1P495886
KIFBPQ96EK56
WNK1Q9H4A35
TANKQ928443
PRDX6P300413
MFN2O951403
COX6A1P120743
HDAC9Q9UKV02
IL37Q9NZH62
SUGCTQ9HAC72
LRIG1Q96JA12
NGLY1Q96IV02
SLITRK1Q96PX82
MYH14Q7Z4062
MACROD1Q9BQ692
BSCL2Q96G971

AlphaFold-only cohort genes (top 30 by pLDDT)

SymbolUniProtpLDDT
PCK2Q1682294.04
CYRIAQ9H0Q092.68
GALNT17Q6IS2490.68
NXNQ6DKJ490.37
IARS2Q9NSE489.77
TAFA2Q8N3H087.99
NDUFAF6Q330K287.70
SPTLC3Q9NUV787.25
ADCK1Q86TW283.98
HPSE2Q8WWQ282.90
CHRNGP0751081.91
CTNNA3Q9UI4781.65
ATP8A2Q9NTI281.12
DNAJB5O7595380.69
CALUO4385279.82
SH3TC2Q8TF1778.63
CHST9Q7L1S578.39
TENM3Q9P27377.76
SCUBE1Q8IWY477.69
STXBP5LQ9Y2K977.38
SBF1O9524874.72
NEFLP0719673.66
FGD4Q96M9670.85
LITAFQ9973270.60
PNPLA6Q8IY1769.75
CEP72Q9P20965.74
CALD1Q0568265.68
ARHGEF10O1501365.56
PLEKHG5O9482764.94
ZNF648Q5T61961.00

Function

Pathway analysis

Distinct Reactome pathways touched by cohort: 429. Enrichment computed across 125 evidence-associated genes (91 with Reactome annotation).

Pathways by enrichment

Over-representation of cohort genes vs the genome-wide background (hypergeometric test, Benjamini-Hochberg FDR; fold = observed/expected over 91 annotated cohort genes). Counts and members are kept as ground-truth; sorted by enrichment.

PathwayCohort genesFoldFDRSample cohort genes
EGR2 and SOX10-mediated initiation of Schwann cell myelination416.2×0.043PRX, GJB1, MPZ, PMP22
NRAGE signals death through JNK48.1×0.212ARHGEF10, FGD4, PLEKHG5, NGF
Anchoring of the basal body to the plasma membrane56.2×0.212KIF24, CEP72, DCTN1, DYNC1H1, MKS1
Defective SLC12A6 causes agenesis of the corpus callosum, with peripheral neuropathy (ACCPN)1125.5×0.328SLC12A6
Defective visual phototransduction due to ABCA4 loss of function1125.5×0.328ABCA4
TRKA activation by NGF162.8×0.328NGF
NFG and proNGF binds to p75NTR162.8×0.328NGF
NTF3 activates NTRK3 signaling162.8×0.328NTRK3
Potassium transport channels141.8×0.328KCNJ10
PLC-gamma1 signalling141.8×0.328NGF
Oligomerization of connexins into connexons141.8×0.328GJB1
Transport of connexins along the secretory pathway141.8×0.328GJB1
Ceramide signalling141.8×0.328NGF
Signalling to STAT3141.8×0.328NGF
Breakdown of the nuclear lamina141.8×0.328LMNA
Activated NTRK3 signals through PLCG1141.8×0.328NTRK3
NTRK3 as a dependence receptor141.8×0.328NTRK3
OADH complex synthesizes glutaryl-CoA from 2-OA141.8×0.328DHTKD1
NGF processing131.4×0.328NGF
Axonal growth stimulation131.4×0.328NGF
Retinoid cycle disease events131.4×0.328ABCA4
Diseases associated with visual transduction131.4×0.328ABCA4
Diseases of the neuronal system131.4×0.328ABCA4
Activation of the phototransduction cascade220.9×0.328CNGB1, GNGT1
Retrograde neurotrophin signalling217.9×0.328DNM2, NGF
Receptor-type tyrosine-protein phosphatases212.6×0.328SLITRK1, NTRK3
HS-GAG degradation210.9×0.328HPSE2, GPC6
Long-term potentiation210.5×0.328NEFL, NRG1
Cytosolic tRNA aminoacylation29.7×0.328AARS1, HARS1
Activation of G protein gated Potassium channels28.7×0.328GNGT1, KCNJ10

GO biological processes by enrichment

Over-representation of cohort genes vs the genome-wide background (hypergeometric test, Benjamini-Hochberg FDR; fold = observed/expected over 117 annotated cohort genes). Counts and members are kept as ground-truth; sorted by enrichment.

GO termCohort genesFoldFDRSample cohort genes
neurofilament cytoskeleton organization343.2×0.030NEFL, ATP8A2, NEFH
positive regulation of positive chemotaxis336.0×0.030CDH13, S1PR1, NTRK3
neurofilament bundle assembly296.0×0.042NEFL, NEFH
tRNA aminoacylation for protein translation321.6×0.066AARS1, IARS2, HARS1
potassium ion homeostasis319.6×0.066SLC12A6, WNK1, KCNJ10
nuclear migration318.8×0.066DCTN1, DYNC1H1, LMNA
positive regulation of smooth muscle cell proliferation411.3×0.066CX3CL1, CDH13, S1PR1, IL6R
positive regulation of aggrephagy248.0×0.068HSPB8, BAG3
postsynaptic modulation of chemical synaptic transmission317.3×0.068NEFL, DCC, NEFH
neuron projection morphogenesis49.4×0.068NYAP2, DNM2, KIF20B, NGF
axonogenesis56.9×0.068NEFL, ATP8A2, SLITRK1, DCC, NEFH
peripheral nervous system development314.9×0.077NGF, NRG1, PMP22
positive regulation of synapse assembly48.3×0.092SLITRK1, FLRT1, NTRK3, ADGRB3
positive regulation of neuron projection development55.9×0.105CX3CL1, ATP8A2, TENM3, NGF, NTRK3
retrograde axonal transport226.2×0.112NEFL, DYNC1H1
cerebellar Purkinje cell layer development226.2×0.112AARS1, KLHL1
peripheral nervous system myelin maintenance226.2×0.112PRX, SH3TC2
transferrin transport226.2×0.112DNM2, HFE
maintenance of synapse structure226.2×0.112DCTN1, ADGRB3
extrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in absence of ligand312.0×0.112CX3CL1, NGF, BAG3
monocyte activation involved in immune response1144.0×0.116DYSF
regulation of T cell tolerance induction1144.0×0.116IL2RA
involuntary skeletal muscle contraction1144.0×0.116ATP8A2
cardiac muscle tissue growth involved in heart morphogenesis1144.0×0.116S1PR1
smoothened signaling pathway involved in regulation of secondary heart field cardioblast proliferation1144.0×0.116MKS1
purine ribonucleotide catabolic process1144.0×0.116HINT1
striated muscle cell apoptotic process1144.0×0.116BAG3
intermediate filament polymerization or depolymerization1144.0×0.116NEFL
sphingoid biosynthetic process1144.0×0.116SPTLC3
positive regulation of axon extension involved in regeneration1144.0×0.116NTRK3

Therapeutics

Drugs indicated for this disease

0 approved, 14 in late-stage (phase 3) trials. Disease-direct ChEMBL indications, not inferred from the associated-gene cohort below.

DrugDevelopment status
AmifostinePhase 3 (in late-stage trials)
AntimonyPhase 3 (in late-stage trials)
CapsaicinPhase 3 (in late-stage trials)
CarboplatinPhase 3 (in late-stage trials)
DuloxetinePhase 3 (in late-stage trials)
GlutaminePhase 3 (in late-stage trials)
GlutathionePhase 3 (in late-stage trials)
Human Immunoglobulin GPhase 3 (in late-stage trials)
LamotriginePhase 3 (in late-stage trials)
LidocainePhase 3 (in late-stage trials)
MilnacipranPhase 3 (in late-stage trials)
OmeprazolePhase 3 (in late-stage trials)
PaclitaxelPhase 3 (in late-stage trials)
PregabalinPhase 3 (in late-stage trials)

Earlier-phase candidates (phase 2, investigational — efficacy not yet established): Acetylcarnitine, Amitriptyline, Candesartan, Cannabidiol, Curcumin, Dextromethorphan, Epoetin Alfa, Fluorouracil, Gabapentin, Govorestat, Lorcaserin, Losartan, Metformin, Methadone, Nabiximols, Nicotinamide Riboside, Olesoxime, Oxaliplatin, Pirenzepine, Riluzole, Rituximab, Sodium Chloride, Thrombomodulin Alfa, Vitamin E.

Drug target analysis

Approved (phase 4): 7 · Phase ≥3: 7 · Phased (≥1): 11 · Undrugged: 64

Druggability breadth: 55 of 125 evidence-associated genes (44%) have a ChEMBL target (buckets above are over the deeply-mined display cohort).

Genes with an approved drug

The molecule shown is one approved compound that hits the gene — not necessarily a drug of choice or one indicated for this disease.

SymbolExample approved molecule
CXCL12PLERIXAFOR
TRPM2CLOTRIMAZOLE
HDAC9CELECOXIB
NGLY1DACTINOMYCIN
ADCK1MOMELOTINIB
CHRNGVARENICLINE
MYH14TUCATINIB

Top cohort targets by molecule count

SymbolMoleculesMax phase
HDAC9284
ADCK1174
CHRNG104
TRPM254
CXCL1224
SPTAN112
CALD112
NGLY114
MYH1414
DYNC1H112

Drugs targeting cohort genes (top 30)

MoleculeMax phaseTargets in cohort
PLERIXAFOR4CXCL12
DIFLUNISAL4CXCL12
CLOTRIMAZOLE4TRPM2
COPPER4TRPM2
ADENOSINE PHOSPHATE4TRPM2
ECONAZOLE4TRPM2
CELECOXIB4HDAC9
PHENYLBUTANOIC ACID4HDAC9
SODIUM PHENYLBUTYRATE4HDAC9
ROMIDEPSIN4HDAC9
BELINOSTAT4HDAC9
PANOBINOSTAT4HDAC9
VORINOSTAT4HDAC9
GIVINOSTAT4HDAC9
DACTINOMYCIN4NGLY1
MOMELOTINIB4ADCK1
FEDRATINIB4ADCK1
PACRITINIB4ADCK1
FOSTAMATINIB4ADCK1
FILGOTINIB4ADCK1
ABEMACICLIB4ADCK1
GILTERITINIB4ADCK1
PAZOPANIB4ADCK1
VARENICLINE4CHRNG
NICOTINE4CHRNG
TROPISETRON4CHRNG
BUPROPION4CHRNG
MECAMYLAMINE4CHRNG
TUCATINIB4MYH14
CURCUMIN3HDAC9

Bioactivity and enzyme data

Enzyme cohort genes (≥1 EC): 12.

Cohort genes with ChEMBL bioactivity (full, sorted by assay count)

SymbolAssaysType breakdown
HDAC91,625Binding:1612, ADMET:8, Functional:4, Toxicity:1
WNK1165Binding:165
CHRNG67Binding:36, Functional:31
TRPM259Binding:58, Functional:1
CXCL1229Binding:29
PRDX615Binding:15
DNM215Binding:15
NGLY19Binding:9
SPTAN17Binding:7
DYNC1H17Binding:7
CALD16Binding:6
ADCK16Binding:6
MACROD16Binding:6
MFN23Binding:3
WDHD13Binding:3
PCK22Binding:2
TANK2Binding:2
KIF242Binding:2
AARS12Binding:2
IARS22Binding:2
CALU1Binding:1
SPTLC31Binding:1
PNPLA61Binding:1
LITAF1Binding:1
COX6A11Binding:1
MYH141Binding:1
VAC141Binding:1
DCTN11Binding:1

Cohort enzymes (BRENDA EC)

SymbolEC numbersNames
PCK24.1.1.32phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (GTP)
SBF13.1.3.16protein-serine/threonine phosphatase
ATP8A27.6.2.1P-type phospholipid transporter
HDAC93.5.1.98histone deacetylase
SUGCT2.8.3.13succinate-hydroxymethylglutarate CoA-transferase
SPTLC32.3.1.50serine C-palmitoyltransferase
PRDX61.11.1.27, 2.3.1.23, 3.1.1.4glutathione-dependent peroxiredoxin, 1-acylglycerophosphocholine O-acyltransferase, phospholipase A2
NGLY13.5.1.52peptide-N4-(N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminyl)asparagine amidase
DHTKD11.2.1.1052-oxoglutarate dehydrogenase system
MACROD13.1.1.106O-acetyl-ADP-ribose deacetylase
IARS26.1.1.5isoleucine-tRNA ligase
DNM23.6.5.5dynamin GTPase

Cohort genes with high screening signal

≥100 ChEMBL assays — a studied-ness signal; see Therapeutics for approved-drug status.

SymbolChEMBL assays
HDAC91,625
WNK1165

Pharmacogenomics

Cohort genes with a PharmGKB record: 75; with CPIC/DPWG dosing guidelines: 0.

No cohort gene has a CPIC/DPWG genotype-guided dosing guideline (PharmGKB).

Chemical tractability of cohort targets

30 approved/phased compounds have measured bioactivity against a cohort gene (and aren’t yet in disease-level trials). This is a research / tractability signal, NOT a therapeutic recommendation — a bioactivity row often reflects off-target or screening binding (e.g. promiscuous kinase inhibitors against a cohort kinase), implying no disease mechanism.

CompoundMax phaseCohort target (bioactivity)
PLERIXAFOR4CXCL12
DIFLUNISAL4CXCL12
CLOTRIMAZOLE4TRPM2
COPPER4TRPM2
ADENOSINE PHOSPHATE4TRPM2
ECONAZOLE4TRPM2
CELECOXIB4HDAC9
PHENYLBUTANOIC ACID4HDAC9
SODIUM PHENYLBUTYRATE4HDAC9
ROMIDEPSIN4HDAC9
BELINOSTAT4HDAC9
PANOBINOSTAT4HDAC9
VORINOSTAT4HDAC9
GIVINOSTAT4HDAC9
DACTINOMYCIN4NGLY1
MOMELOTINIB4ADCK1
FEDRATINIB4ADCK1
PACRITINIB4ADCK1
FOSTAMATINIB4ADCK1
FILGOTINIB4ADCK1
ABEMACICLIB4ADCK1
GILTERITINIB4ADCK1
PAZOPANIB4ADCK1
VARENICLINE4CHRNG
NICOTINE4CHRNG
TROPISETRON4CHRNG
BUPROPION4CHRNG
MECAMYLAMINE4CHRNG
TUCATINIB4MYH14
CURCUMIN3HDAC9

Druggability pyramid

Cohort genes binned by druggability tier (high → low):

TierDefinitionGenesSymbols
AApproved (phase 4 drug)7CXCL12, TRPM2, HDAC9, NGLY1, ADCK1, CHRNG, MYH14
BPhased (≥1) drug, not yet approved4SPTAN1, CALD1, DYNC1H1, IARS2
CDruggable family + PDB, no drug9NRG1, WNK1, SUGCT, PRDX6, LRIG1, CNGB1, DHTKD1, DCC, MACROD1
DDruggable family + AlphaFold only, no drug3PCK2, SBF1, SPTLC3
EDifficult family or no structure, no drug52BSCL2, NEFL, ARHGEF10, CX3CL1, SLC12A6, TANK, SCUBE1, ATP8A2, PRX, XIRP2 (+42 more)

Undrugged target profiles

64 cohort genes are undrugged. Ranked by ‘starting-point quality’ (assay depth + drugged-partner adjacency).

SymbolChEMBL assaysDrugged partners (top 3)
AARS12IARS2
WNK1165
BSCL20
NEFL0
ARHGEF100
NRG10
PCK22
SBF10
CX3CL10
SLC12A60
TANK2
SCUBE10
ATP8A20
PRX0
XIRP20
CALU1
VPS160
DNAJB50
IL370
HIF3A0
GDAP10
SUGCT0
SPTLC31
PNPLA61
GALNT170
ZFPM20
PRDX615
LITAF1
MFN23
LRIG10

Clinical trials & evidence

Clinical trials

Clinical trials: 340.

Phase distribution (across all retrieved trials)

PhaseTrials
Not specified236
PHASE239
PHASE329
PHASE411
PHASE1/PHASE29
PHASE18
PHASE2/PHASE35
EARLY_PHASE13

Top trials by phase / activity

NCTPhaseStatusTitle
NCT02670161PHASE4ENROLLING_BY_INVITATIONQuality Improvement and Practice Based Research in Neurology Using the EMR
NCT07025005PHASE4RECRUITINGFenofibrate Role in the Prophylaxis From Peripheral Neuropathy Induced by Bortezomib, Lenalidomide and Dexamethasone (VRd) Protocol in the Treatment of Patients With Multiple Myeloma (MM)
NCT00380965PHASE4COMPLETEDEvaluation of the Efficacy of Cesamet™ for the Treatment of Pain in Patients With Chemotherapy-Induced Neuropathy
NCT00487981PHASE4TERMINATEDSpinal Cord Stimulation for Painful Diabetic Neuropathy
NCT00904202PHASE4COMPLETEDA Study Of Lidocaine Patch 5% Alone, Gabapentin Alone, And Lidocaine Patch 5% And Gabapentin In Combination For The Relief Of Pain In Patients With Diverse Peripheral Neuropathic Pain Conditions
NCT01192113PHASE4COMPLETEDSafety and Efficacy of Mecobalamin Injection in Peripheral Neuropathies Patients (Study JGAZSY091109)
NCT01373983PHASE4COMPLETEDIntrathecal Bolus Doses of Ziconotide
NCT01458015PHASE4TERMINATEDTapentadol Versus Oxycodone - a Mechanism-based Treatment Approach in Neuropathic Pain
NCT02074267PHASE4COMPLETEDClinical Study for Assessment of the Efficacy of Gabapentin (Carbatin and Neurontin) in Patients With Neuropathy Pain
NCT02372149PHASE4UNKNOWNIVIg for Demyelination in Diabetes Mellitus
NCT07022938PHASE4COMPLETEDNutritional Supplement for Treating Chemotherapy Induced Neuropathy
NCT07287592PHASE3NOT_YET_RECRUITINGGlutamine for the Prophylaxis of Vincristine-induced Neuropathy in Children and Adolescents With Cancer.
NCT07475065PHASE2/PHASE3NOT_YET_RECRUITINGThe Effect of Oral DLBS1033 in Patients With Diabetic Polyneuropathy
NCT00058071PHASE3COMPLETEDAmifostine in Treating Peripheral Neuropathy in Patients Who Have Received Chemotherapy for Cancer
NCT00125268PHASE3TERMINATEDNear Infrared Light for the Treatment of Painful Peripheral Neuropathy
NCT00195013PHASE3COMPLETEDRandomized Placebo-Controlled Trial of Glutamine for Breast Cancer Patients With Peripheral Neuropathy
NCT00232141PHASE3COMPLETEDStudy of Pregabalin Versus Placebo in the Treatment of Nerve Pain Associated With HIV Neuropathy
NCT00264875PHASE3COMPLETEDOpen Label Safety And Efficacy Study Of Pregabalin In Subjects With Nerve Pain Asociated With Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Neuropathy
NCT00369564PHASE3COMPLETEDGlutamic Acid in Reducing Nerve Damage Caused by Vincristine in Young Patients With Cancer
NCT00471445PHASE3COMPLETEDTopical Amitriptyline and Ketamine Cream in Treating Peripheral Neuropathy Caused by Chemotherapy in Cancer Patients
NCT00489411PHASE3COMPLETEDDuloxetine in Treating Peripheral Neuropathy Caused by Chemotherapy in Patients With Cancer
NCT00710554PHASE3COMPLETEDA Study of Sativex® for Pain Relief of Peripheral Neuropathic Pain, Associated With Allodynia
NCT00711880PHASE3COMPLETEDA Study of Sativex® for Relief of Peripheral Neuropathic Pain Associated With Allodynia.
NCT00713323PHASE3COMPLETEDA Study to Compare the Safety and Tolerability of Sativex® in Patients With Neuropathic Pain.
NCT00713817PHASE3COMPLETEDA Study to Determine the Maintenance of Effect After Long-term Treatment of Sativex® in Subjects With Neuropathic Pain
NCT00775645PHASE3COMPLETEDS0715: Acetyl-L-Carnitine in Preventing Neuropathy in Women With Stage I, II, or IIIA Breast Cancer Undergoing Chemo
NCT00872352PHASE3UNKNOWNEvaluation of Bortezomib Induced Peripheral Neuropathy of Multiple Myeloma (MM) Patients
NCT00998738PHASE3TERMINATEDCalcium and Magnesium in Preventing Peripheral Neuropathy Caused by Ixabepilone in Patients With Breast Cancer
NCT01049217PHASE3TERMINATEDPregabalin Versus Placebo In The Treatment Of Neuropathic Pain Associated With HIV Neuropathy
NCT01099449PHASE3COMPLETEDCalcium Gluconate and Magnesium Sulfate in Preventing Neurotoxicity in Patients With Colon Cancer or Rectal Cancer Receiving Oxaliplatin-Based Combination Chemotherapy
NCT01288937PHASE3TERMINATEDA Placebo Controlled, Randomized, Double Blind Trial of Milnacipran for the Treatment of Idiopathic Neuropathy Pain
NCT01492920PHASE3WITHDRAWNAcetyl-L-Carnitine Hydrochloride in Preventing Peripheral Neuropathy in Patients With Recurrent Ovarian Epithelial Cancer, Primary Peritoneal Cavity Cancer, or Fallopian Tube Cancer Undergoing Chemotherapy
NCT01775449PHASE3COMPLETEDPrevention of Oxaliplatin-induced Neuropathic Pain by a Specific Diet
NCT02024191PHASE3UNKNOWNThe Role of Glutamine for Preventing Oxaliplatin-Induced Peripheral Neuropathy
NCT02217267PHASE3COMPLETEDLong Term Outcome After Serial Lidocaine Infusion in Peripheral Neuropathic Pain
NCT02294149PHASE3UNKNOWNVit D3 and Omega 3 in Chemo Induced Neuropathy
NCT02311907PHASE3COMPLETEDGlutathione in Preventing Peripheral Neuropathy Caused by Paclitaxel and Carboplatin in Patients With Ovarian Cancer, Fallopian Tube Cancer, and/or Primary Peritoneal Cancer
NCT02590367PHASE2/PHASE3UNKNOWNEstimate the Efficacy of HD6610 Granule for Oxaliplatin-induced Peripheral Neuropathy
NCT02936843PHASE2/PHASE3COMPLETEDTargeting Inflammation With Salsalate in Type 1 Diabetes Neuropathy
NCT05189535PHASE2/PHASE3COMPLETEDPrevention of Paclitaxel-Induced Peripheral Neuropathy in Breast Cancer Patients

Drugs tested across these trials (top 30)

MoleculeMax phaseTrials referencing
GLUTAMINE45
GABAPENTIN44
CALCIUM GLUCONATE42
MAGNESIUM SULFATE42
THIAMINE ION42
VENLAFAXINE42
ACETYLCHOLINE41
AMIFOSTINE41
BORTEZOMIB41
CENEGERMIN41
CILOSTAZOL41
DULOXETINE HYDROCHLORIDE41
ERIBULIN41
ETHOSUXIMIDE41
HYALURONIDASE (HUMAN RECOMBINANT)41
ILOPROST41
IXABEPILONE41
LACOSAMIDE41
LENALIDOMIDE41
LIDOCAINE HYDROCHLORIDE41
MENTHOL41
MILNACIPRAN41
MINOCYCLINE HYDROCHLORIDE41
OXALIPLATIN41
OXYCODONE41
PENTOXIFYLLINE41
PHENYTOIN41
PHENYTOIN SODIUM41
PIRENZEPINE41
PYRILAMINE41