Peripheral neuropathy
diseaseOn this page
Also known as neuropathyperipheral nerve disorder
Summary
Peripheral neuropathy (MONDO:0005244) is a disease (an umbrella term covering 30 Mondo subtypes) with 75 cohort genes (101 GWAS associations across 38 studies) and 340 clinical trials. The dominant Reactome pathway is EGR2 and SOX10-mediated initiation of Schwann cell myelination (4 cohort genes). Top therapeutic interventions include glutamine, gabapentin, and calcium gluconate.
At a glance
- Umbrella term: 30 Mondo subtypes
- Cohort genes: 75
- GWAS associations: 101
- ClinVar variants: 213
- Clinical trials: 340
Clinical features
No curated clinical features (Orphanet) for this disease.
Identifiers
Disease identifiers
| Field | Value |
|---|---|
| Canonical name | peripheral neuropathy |
| Mondo ID | MONDO:0005244 |
| EFO | EFO:0003100 |
| DOID | DOID:870 |
| NCIT | C119734, C4731 |
| SNOMED CT | 302226006, 386033004 |
| UMLS | C0031117 |
| MedGen | 18386 |
| MedDRA | 10034606 |
| Is cancer (heuristic) | no |
Also known as: neuropathy · peripheral nerve disorder · peripheral neuropathy
Data availability: 213 ClinVar variants · 101 GWAS associations (38 studies) · 3 GenCC gene-disease records · 42 cell lines.
Disease family
An umbrella term covering 30 Mondo subtypes.
Classification path: disease › human disease › disease by body system or component › nervous system disorder › peripheral nervous system disorder › peripheral neuropathy
Related subtypes (17): autoimmune disorder of peripheral nervous system, autonomic nervous system disorder, peripheral nervous system neoplasm, vestibulocochlear nerve disorder, hypoglossal nerve disorder, facial nerve disorder, neuroma, accessory nerve disorder, glossopharyngeal nerve disorder, olfactory nerve disorder, radiculopathy, trigeminal nerve disorder, third cranial nerve disorder, cauda equina syndrome, peroneal nerve paralysis, trochlear nerve disorder, abducens nerve disorder
Subtypes (30): autoimmune neuropathy, autonomic neuropathy, mononeuropathy, ischemic neuropathy, polyneuropathy, neuritis, motor peripheral neuropathy, sensory peripheral neuropathy, uremic neuropathy, nerve compression syndrome, axonal neuropathy, diabetic neuropathy, acquired peripheral neuropathy, hereditary peripheral neuropathy, neuralgia, peripheral nerve lesion, nerve plexus disorder, traumatic neuropathy, radiation-induced neuropathy, vasculitic neuropathy, chronic idiopathic neuropathy, chemotherapy-induced neuropathy, infectious neuropathy, vitamin deficiency related neuropathy, paraproteinemia-associated neuropathy, neuropathy in cryoglobulinemia, neuropathy in endocrine disorder, sarcoid neuropathy, neuropathy, small fiber, idiopathic small fibers neuropathy
Genetics & variants
GWAS landscape
101 GWAS associations across 38 studies. Top hits map to 26 distinct genes (as reported by GWAS).
Top associations by p-value
| rsID | p-value | Gene | Risk allele | Odds ratio |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| rs477992 | 2e-19 | PHGDH | A | 0.07 |
| rs662602 | 6e-17 | PHGDH | C | 0.07 |
| rs75398113 | 4e-13 | SNRPC | G | 0.09 |
| chr19:15983485 | 5e-13 | T | 0.1 | |
| rs12611275 | 9e-13 | UCA1-AS1 - CYP4F36P | G | 0.06 |
| chr7:56099352 | 2e-12 | G | 0.06 | |
| rs562038 | 3e-12 | PHGDH | G | 0.09 |
| chr19:15979744 | 7e-12 | C | 0.06 | |
| rs13417783 | 8e-12 | SCN7A - XIRP2 | ? | 1.59 |
| rs1260326 | 3e-11 | GCKR | T | 0.05 |
| rs12722486 | 2e-09 | IL2RA | ? | 38.2 |
| rs924607 | 6e-09 | CEP72-DT | T | 2.43 |
| rs266095 | 8e-09 | LINC02881 - CXCL12 | ? | 56.3 |
| rs9501753 | 1e-08 | LINC03066 - DUSP22 | ? | |
| rs17032980 | 1e-08 | LINC01798 - LINC01828 | ? | 3.17 |
| rs7568498 | 2e-08 | TANK | ? | |
| rs801350 | 2e-08 | Metazoa_SRP - LINC01790 | ? | |
| rs801378 | 2e-08 | Metazoa_SRP - LINC01790 | ? | |
| rs213273 | 2e-08 | HDAC9 | ? | |
| rs875858 | 2e-08 | VAC14 | ? | 3.6 |
| rs17020773 | 2e-08 | GRID2 | C | 1.86 |
| rs17108344 | 3e-08 | PTPRB | ? | 25.3 |
| rs502716 | 3e-08 | ANGPT4 - RSPO4 | ? | 28 |
| rs12786200 | 3e-08 | FAT3 | ? | 4.35 |
| rs4463516 | 3e-08 | Y_RNA - APTX | ? | 2.89 |
| rs7818688 | 4e-08 | NDUFAF6 | ? | 4.26 |
| rs115575220 | 4e-08 | HIGD1AP4 - SCG2 | T | 2.44 |
| rs9827908 | 6e-08 | LRIG1 | ? | 48.5 |
| rs7554182 | 6e-08 | RN7SKP229 - ZNF648 | ? | 48.5 |
| rs1858826 | 1e-07 | GNGT1 | G | 3.45 |
Top studies (by case count)
| Study | Lead author | Year | Cases | Controls | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| GCST90475844 | Verma A | 2024 | 36,894 | 386,060 | Diversity and scale: Genetic architecture of 2068 traits in the VA Million Veteran Program. |
| GCST90475835 | Verma A | 2024 | 13,396 | 423,364 | Diversity and scale: Genetic architecture of 2068 traits in the VA Million Veteran Program. |
| GCST90479109 | Verma A | 2024 | 12,432 | 419,042 | Diversity and scale: Genetic architecture of 2068 traits in the VA Million Veteran Program. |
| GCST90477606 | Verma A | 2024 | 7,826 | 105,774 | Diversity and scale: Genetic architecture of 2068 traits in the VA Million Veteran Program. |
| GCST90480036 | Verma A | 2024 | 7,826 | 105,774 | Diversity and scale: Genetic architecture of 2068 traits in the VA Million Veteran Program. |
| GCST008223 | Tang Y | 2019 | 4,384 | 0 | A Genetic Locus on Chromosome 2q24 Predicting Peripheral Neuropathy Risk in Type 2 Diabetes: Results From the ACCORD and BARI 2D Studies. |
| GCST90479108 | Verma A | 2024 | 3,893 | 111,443 | Diversity and scale: Genetic architecture of 2068 traits in the VA Million Veteran Program. |
| GCST90481137 | Verma A | 2024 | 3,893 | 111,443 | Diversity and scale: Genetic architecture of 2068 traits in the VA Million Veteran Program. |
| GCST90477605 | Verma A | 2024 | 3,094 | 53,756 | Diversity and scale: Genetic architecture of 2068 traits in the VA Million Veteran Program. |
| GCST90652108 | Liu TY | 2025 | 2,757 | 223,246 | Diversity and longitudinal records: Genetic architecture of disease associations and polygenic risk in the Taiwanese Han population. |
Variant details and genetic-evidence tiers
Tier distribution (top 50 variants)
| Tier | Variants |
|---|---|
| Tier 1: coding | 1 |
| Tier 2: splice/UTR | 2 |
| Tier 3: regulatory | 1 |
| Tier 4: intronic/intergenic | 46 |
MAF distribution
| Bucket | Variants |
|---|---|
| common (>=0.05) | 47 |
| low_freq (0.01-0.05) | 3 |
| rare (<0.01) | 0 |
| unknown | 0 |
Functional consequences
| Consequence | Count |
|---|---|
| intron_variant | 24 |
| intergenic_variant | 16 |
| unknown | 3 |
| non_coding_transcript_exon_variant | 2 |
| 5_prime_UTR_variant | 1 |
| missense_variant | 1 |
| synonymous_variant | 1 |
| regulatory_region_variant | 1 |
| 3_prime_UTR_variant | 1 |
Top variants
| rsID | Chr | Pos | Alleles | MAF | Consequence | Gene | p-value | Tier |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| rs477992 | 1 | 119714953 | A>C,G,T | 0.313 | intron_variant | PHGDH | 2e-19 | Tier 4: intronic/intergenic |
| rs662602 | 1 | 119724280 | C>G,T | 0.278 | intron_variant | PHGDH | 6e-17 | Tier 4: intronic/intergenic |
| rs75398113 | 6 | 34760294 | G>A,C | 0.093 | intron_variant | SNRPC | 4e-13 | Tier 4: intronic/intergenic |
| chr19:15983485 | 0.289 | 5e-13 | Tier 4: intronic/intergenic | |||||
| rs12611275 | 19 | 15868125 | G>A | 0.261 | intergenic_variant | UCA1-AS1 - CYP4F36P | 9e-13 | Tier 4: intronic/intergenic |
| chr7:56099352 | 0.26 | 2e-12 | Tier 4: intronic/intergenic | |||||
| rs562038 | 1 | 119711922 | G>A,C | 0.331 | 5_prime_UTR_variant | PHGDH | 3e-12 | Tier 2: splice/UTR |
| chr19:15979744 | 0.292 | 7e-12 | Tier 4: intronic/intergenic | |||||
| rs13417783 | 2 | 166773339 | C>G,T | 0.05 | intergenic_variant | SCN7A - XIRP2 | 8e-12 | Tier 4: intronic/intergenic |
| rs1260326 | 2 | 27508073 | T>A,C,G | 0.413 | missense_variant | GCKR | 3e-11 | Tier 1: coding |
| rs12722486 | 10 | 6061799 | C>A,G,T | 0.05 | intron_variant | IL2RA | 2e-09 | Tier 4: intronic/intergenic |
| rs924607 | 5 | 609978 | C>T | 0.05 | intron_variant | CEP72-DT | 6e-09 | Tier 4: intronic/intergenic |
| rs266095 | 10 | 44368720 | C>A,T | 0.05 | intergenic_variant | LINC02881 - CXCL12 | 8e-09 | Tier 4: intronic/intergenic |
| rs9501753 | 6 | 221146 | G>A | 0.05 | intron_variant | LINC03066 - DUSP22 | 1e-08 | Tier 4: intronic/intergenic |
| rs17032980 | 2 | 67075611 | A>C,G | 0.05 | intergenic_variant | LINC01798 - LINC01828 | 1e-08 | Tier 4: intronic/intergenic |
| rs7568498 | 2 | 161172602 | T>G | 0.05 | intron_variant | TANK | 2e-08 | Tier 4: intronic/intergenic |
| rs801350 | 2 | 194682669 | G>A,C,T | 0.05 | intergenic_variant | Metazoa_SRP - LINC01790 | 2e-08 | Tier 4: intronic/intergenic |
| rs801378 | 2 | 194695273 | A>C,G,T | 0.05 | intergenic_variant | Metazoa_SRP - LINC01790 | 2e-08 | Tier 4: intronic/intergenic |
| rs213273 | 7 | 18464885 | G>A,C | 0.05 | intron_variant | HDAC9 | 2e-08 | Tier 4: intronic/intergenic |
| rs875858 | 16 | 70741552 | C>A,T | 0.05 | non_coding_transcript_exon_variant | VAC14 | 2e-08 | Tier 4: intronic/intergenic |
| rs17020773 | 4 | 93570776 | T>C | 0.03 | intron_variant | GRID2 | 2e-08 | Tier 4: intronic/intergenic |
| rs17108344 | 12 | 70560684 | C>T | 0.05 | synonymous_variant | PTPRB | 3e-08 | Tier 4: intronic/intergenic |
| rs502716 | 20 | 945754 | G>A,C,T | 0.05 | intergenic_variant | ANGPT4 - RSPO4 | 3e-08 | Tier 4: intronic/intergenic |
| rs12786200 | 11 | 92245852 | C>T | 0.05 | intron_variant | FAT3 | 3e-08 | Tier 4: intronic/intergenic |
| rs4463516 | 9 | 32867483 | G>A,C,T | 0.05 | intron_variant | Y_RNA - APTX | 3e-08 | Tier 4: intronic/intergenic |
| rs7818688 | 8 | 95011854 | C>A,G | 0.05 | intergenic_variant | NDUFAF6 | 4e-08 | Tier 4: intronic/intergenic |
| rs115575220 | 2 | 223475815 | G>C,T | 0.01 | intron_variant | HIGD1AP4 - SCG2 | 4e-08 | Tier 4: intronic/intergenic |
| rs9827908 | 3 | 66395177 | A>G | 0.05 | intron_variant | LRIG1 | 6e-08 | Tier 4: intronic/intergenic |
| rs7554182 | 1 | 182052148 | C>A,T | 0.05 | intergenic_variant | RN7SKP229 - ZNF648 | 6e-08 | Tier 4: intronic/intergenic |
| rs1858826 | 7 | 93719703 | C>A,G,T | 0.1 | regulatory_region_variant | GNGT1 | 1e-07 | Tier 3: regulatory |
ClinVar germline variants
213 retrieved; paginated sample, class counts are floors:
84 uncertain significance, 48 likely benign, 23 benign, 20 conflicting classifications of pathogenicity, 13 likely pathogenic, 12 pathogenic/likely pathogenic, 11 pathogenic, 1 benign/likely benign, 1 conflicting classifications of pathogenicity; other; risk factor
| ClinVar | Variant (HGVS) | Gene | Classification | Review |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 267882 | 46;XX;inv(7)(q11.23q36.3)dn | Pathogenic | criteria provided, single submitter | |
| 99113 | NM_000350.3(ABCA4):c.203C>T (p.Pro68Leu) | ABCA4 | Pathogenic | reviewed by expert panel |
| 5981 | NM_004281.4(BAG3):c.626C>T (p.Pro209Leu) | BAG3 | Pathogenic | criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts |
| 4543 | NM_001122955.4(BSCL2):c.455A>G (p.Asn152Ser) | BSCL2 | Pathogenic | criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts |
| 397615 | NM_005199.5(CHRNG):c.256C>T (p.Arg86Cys) | CHRNG | Pathogenic/Likely pathogenic | criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts |
| 406135 | NM_018972.4(GDAP1):c.458C>T (p.Pro153Leu) | GDAP1 | Pathogenic/Likely pathogenic | criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts |
| 1180789 | NM_000166.6(GJB1):c.46C>G (p.His16Asp) | GJB1 | Pathogenic/Likely pathogenic | criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts |
| 543920 | NM_000166.6(GJB1):c.491G>A (p.Arg164Gln) | GJB1 | Pathogenic/Likely pathogenic | criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts |
| 804285 | NM_002109.6(HARS1):c.616G>T (p.Asp206Tyr) | HARS1 | Pathogenic | criteria provided, single submitter |
| 804286 | NM_002109.6(HARS1):c.730delG | HARS1 | Pathogenic | criteria provided, single submitter |
| 37312 | NM_005340.7(HINT1):c.110G>C (p.Arg37Pro) | HINT1 | Pathogenic | criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts |
| 37314 | NM_005340.7(HINT1):c.266G>T (p.Gly89Val) | HINT1 | Pathogenic/Likely pathogenic | criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts |
| 162194 | NM_002180.3(IGHMBP2):c.138T>A (p.Cys46Ter) | IGHMBP2 | Pathogenic | criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts |
| 9114 | NM_002180.3(IGHMBP2):c.1738G>A (p.Val580Ile) | IGHMBP2 | Pathogenic/Likely pathogenic | criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts |
| 587402 | NM_014874.4(MFN2):c.334G>A (p.Val112Met) | MFN2 | Pathogenic/Likely pathogenic | criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts |
| 14029 | NM_006158.5(NEFL):c.64C>T (p.Pro22Ser) | NEFL | Pathogenic/Likely pathogenic | criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts |
| 66698 | NM_006158.5(NEFL):c.803T>C (p.Leu268Pro) | NEFL | Pathogenic | criteria provided, single submitter |
| 29802 | NM_002506.3(NGF):c.680_682delinsA (p.Thr227fs) | NGF | Pathogenic | criteria provided, single submitter |
| 548658 | NM_018297.4(NGLY1):c.1533_1536del (p.Asn511fs) | NGLY1 | Pathogenic | criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts |
| 1180711 | NM_002677.5(PMP2):c.144TAT[1] (p.Ile50del) | PMP2 | Pathogenic/Likely pathogenic | criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts |
| 243087 | NM_002677.5(PMP2):c.128T>A (p.Ile43Asn) | PMP2 | Pathogenic/Likely pathogenic | criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts |
| 4789 | NM_181882.3(PRX):c.1102C>T (p.Arg368Ter) | PRX | Pathogenic/Likely pathogenic | criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts |
| 1328560 | NM_001365088.1(SLC12A6):c.1655G>A (p.Gly552Asp) | SLC12A6 | Pathogenic/Likely pathogenic | criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts |
| 1180832 | NM_018972.4(GDAP1):c.157G>T (p.Glu53Ter) | GDAP1 | Likely pathogenic | criteria provided, single submitter |
| 816531 | NM_018972.4(GDAP1):c.802_803del (p.Trp268fs) | GDAP1 | Likely pathogenic | criteria provided, single submitter |
| 2429345 | NM_000166.6(GJB1):c.577T>C (p.Phe193Leu) | GJB1 | Likely pathogenic | no assertion criteria provided |
| 1707549 | NM_004984.4(KIF5A):c.262A>G (p.Thr88Ala) | KIF5A | Likely pathogenic | criteria provided, single submitter |
| 1180795 | NM_007289.4(MME):c.499T>A (p.Trp167Arg) | MME | Likely pathogenic | criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts |
| 242839 | NM_007289.4(MME):c.1861T>C (p.Cys621Arg) | MME | Likely pathogenic | criteria provided, single submitter |
| 1180633 | NM_000530.8(MPZ):c.68-2A>C | MPZ | Likely pathogenic | criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts |
Genes & proteins
Mendelian disease overlap and somatic drivers
GenCC: 11 · Orphanet: 86 · OMIM-shared: 0 · Dual-evidence (GWAS+Mendelian): 2
Dual-evidence genes (GWAS + Mendelian — highest-confidence targets)
| Gene | HGNC | Evidence routes |
|---|---|---|
| BSCL2 | BSCL2 | GWAS, Orphanet |
| NEFL | NEFL | GWAS, Orphanet |
GenCC gene–disease validity (cohort genes)
the Disease column is the GenCC-asserted condition — a cohort gene’s strongest validity may be for a related predisposition syndrome.
| Gene | Classification | Inheritance | Disease | Records |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| PCK2 | Moderate | Autosomal recessive | peripheral neuropathy | 3 |
| ARHGEF10 | Limited | Autosomal dominant | peripheral neuropathy | 5 |
| NRG1 | Limited | Autosomal dominant | peripheral neuropathy | 3 |
Orphanet rare-disease linkage (cohort genes)
| Gene | Orphanet ID | Rare disease |
|---|---|---|
| BSCL2 | Orphanet:100998 | Autosomal dominant spastic paraplegia type 17 |
| BSCL2 | Orphanet:139536 | Distal hereditary motor neuropathy type 5 |
| BSCL2 | Orphanet:363400 | Progressive encephalopathy-severe neurodegeneration-lipodystrophy syndrome |
| BSCL2 | Orphanet:696289 | Congenital generalized lipodystrophy type 2 |
| NEFL | Orphanet:101085 | Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 1F |
| NEFL | Orphanet:228374 | Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 2B5 |
| NEFL | Orphanet:99939 | Autosomal dominant Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 2E |
| ARHGEF10 | Orphanet:140481 | Autosomal dominant slowed nerve conduction velocity |
| PCK2 | Orphanet:2880 | Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase deficiency |
| SBF1 | Orphanet:363981 | Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 4B3 |
| SLC12A6 | Orphanet:1496 | Corpus callosum agenesis-neuronopathy syndrome |
| SPTAN1 | Orphanet:697160 | Infantile epileptic spasms syndrome |
| ATP8A2 | Orphanet:1766 | Dysequilibrium syndrome |
| PRX | Orphanet:64748 | Dejerine-Sottas syndrome |
| PRX | Orphanet:99952 | Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 4F |
| WNK1 | Orphanet:88940 | Pseudohypoaldosteronism type 2C |
| WNK1 | Orphanet:970 | Hereditary sensory and autonomic neuropathy type 2 |
| GDAP1 | Orphanet:101097 | Autosomal recessive Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease with hoarseness |
| GDAP1 | Orphanet:101102 | Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 2H |
| GDAP1 | Orphanet:217055 | Autosomal recessive intermediate Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type A |
| GDAP1 | Orphanet:99944 | Autosomal dominant Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 2K |
| GDAP1 | Orphanet:99948 | Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 4A |
| SUGCT | Orphanet:35706 | Glutaric acidemia type 3 |
| PNPLA6 | Orphanet:1173 | Cerebellar ataxia-hypogonadism syndrome |
| PNPLA6 | Orphanet:1180 | Ataxia-hypogonadism-choroidal dystrophy syndrome |
| PNPLA6 | Orphanet:139480 | Autosomal recessive spastic paraplegia type 39 |
| PNPLA6 | Orphanet:2377 | Laurence-Moon syndrome |
| PNPLA6 | Orphanet:3363 | Trichomegaly-retina pigmentary degeneration-dwarfism syndrome |
| ZFPM2 | Orphanet:2140 | Congenital diaphragmatic hernia |
| ZFPM2 | Orphanet:251510 | 46,XY partial gonadal dysgenesis |
| ZFPM2 | Orphanet:3303 | Tetralogy of Fallot |
| LITAF | Orphanet:101083 | Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 1C |
| MFN2 | Orphanet:2398 | Multiple symmetric lipomatosis |
| MFN2 | Orphanet:64751 | Hereditary motor and sensory neuropathy type 5 |
| MFN2 | Orphanet:90118 | Severe early-onset axonal neuropathy due to MFN2 deficiency |
| MFN2 | Orphanet:90120 | Hereditary motor and sensory neuropathy type 6 |
| MFN2 | Orphanet:99947 | Autosomal dominant Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 2A2 |
| NGLY1 | Orphanet:404454 | Alacrimia-choreoathetosis-liver dysfunction syndrome |
| NXN | Orphanet:1507 | Autosomal recessive Robinow syndrome |
| HPSE2 | Orphanet:2704 | Urofacial syndrome |
| FGD4 | Orphanet:99954 | Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 4H |
| CHRNG | Orphanet:2990 | Autosomal recessive multiple pterygium syndrome |
| CHRNG | Orphanet:33108 | Lethal multiple pterygium syndrome |
| AARS1 | Orphanet:228174 | Autosomal dominant Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 2N |
| AARS1 | Orphanet:33364 | Trichothiodystrophy |
| AARS1 | Orphanet:442835 | Non-specific early-onset epileptic encephalopathy |
| CNGB1 | Orphanet:791 | Retinitis pigmentosa |
| COX6A1 | Orphanet:435998 | Autosomal recessive intermediate Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type D |
| MYH14 | Orphanet:397744 | MYH14-related peripheral neuropathy-myopathy-hoarseness-hearing loss syndrome |
| MYH14 | Orphanet:90635 | Rare autosomal dominant non-syndromic sensorineural deafness type DFNA |
Cohort genes → proteins
75 cohort genes, 75 distinct canonical proteins.
Evidence partition
| Subset | Genes |
|---|---|
| gwas_only | 41 |
| gwas_and_clinvar | 2 |
| multi_evidence | 32 |
Cohort genes (full)
| Symbol | HGNC | Ensembl | UniProt | Name | Evidence |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| BSCL2 | HGNC:15832 | ENSG00000168000 | Q96G97 | Seipin | gwas,clinvar |
| NEFL | HGNC:7739 | ENSG00000277586 | P07196 | Neurofilament light polypeptide | gwas,clinvar |
| ARHGEF10 | HGNC:14103 | ENSG00000104728 | O15013 | Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor 10 | gencc |
| NRG1 | HGNC:7997 | ENSG00000157168 | Q02297 | Pro-neuregulin-1, membrane-bound isoform | gencc |
| PCK2 | HGNC:8725 | ENSG00000100889 | Q16822 | Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase [GTP], mitochondrial | gencc |
| SBF1 | HGNC:10542 | ENSG00000100241 | O95248 | Myotubularin-related protein 5 | clinvar |
| CX3CL1 | HGNC:10647 | ENSG00000006210 | P78423 | Fractalkine | gwas |
| CXCL12 | HGNC:10672 | ENSG00000107562 | P48061 | Stromal cell-derived factor 1 | gwas |
| SLC12A6 | HGNC:10914 | ENSG00000140199 | Q9UHW9 | Solute carrier family 12 member 6 | clinvar |
| SPTAN1 | HGNC:11273 | ENSG00000197694 | Q13813 | Spectrin alpha chain, non-erythrocytic 1 | clinvar |
| TANK | HGNC:11562 | ENSG00000136560 | Q92844 | TRAF family member-associated NF-kappa-B activator | gwas |
| TRPM2 | HGNC:12339 | ENSG00000142185 | O94759 | Transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily M member 2 | gwas |
| SCUBE1 | HGNC:13441 | ENSG00000159307 | Q8IWY4 | Signal peptide, CUB and EGF-like domain-containing protein 1 | gwas |
| ATP8A2 | HGNC:13533 | ENSG00000132932 | Q9NTI2 | Phospholipid-transporting ATPase IB | gwas |
| PRX | HGNC:13797 | ENSG00000105227 | Q9BXM0 | Periaxin | clinvar |
| HDAC9 | HGNC:14065 | ENSG00000048052 | Q9UKV0 | Histone deacetylase 9 | gwas |
| XIRP2 | HGNC:14303 | ENSG00000163092 | A4UGR9 | Xin actin-binding repeat-containing protein 2 | gwas |
| CALD1 | HGNC:1441 | ENSG00000122786 | Q05682 | Caldesmon | gwas |
| WNK1 | HGNC:14540 | ENSG00000060237 | Q9H4A3 | Serine/threonine-protein kinase WNK1 | clinvar |
| CALU | HGNC:1458 | ENSG00000128595 | O43852 | Calumenin | gwas |
| VPS16 | HGNC:14584 | ENSG00000215305 | Q9H269 | Vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 16 homolog | clinvar |
| DNAJB5 | HGNC:14887 | ENSG00000137094 | O75953 | DnaJ homolog subfamily B member 5 | clinvar |
| IL37 | HGNC:15563 | ENSG00000125571 | Q9NZH6 | Interleukin-37 | gwas |
| HIF3A | HGNC:15825 | ENSG00000124440 | Q9Y2N7 | Hypoxia-inducible factor 3-alpha | gwas |
| GDAP1 | HGNC:15968 | ENSG00000104381 | Q8TB36 | Ganglioside-induced differentiation-associated protein 1 | clinvar |
| SUGCT | HGNC:16001 | ENSG00000175600 | Q9HAC7 | Succinyl-CoA:glutarate CoA-transferase | gwas |
| SPTLC3 | HGNC:16253 | ENSG00000172296 | Q9NUV7 | Serine palmitoyltransferase 3 | clinvar |
| PNPLA6 | HGNC:16268 | ENSG00000032444 | Q8IY17 | Patatin-like phospholipase domain-containing protein 6 | clinvar |
| GALNT17 | HGNC:16347 | ENSG00000185274 | Q6IS24 | Polypeptide N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase 17 | gwas |
| ZFPM2 | HGNC:16700 | ENSG00000169946 | Q8WW38 | Zinc finger protein ZFPM2 | gwas |
| PRDX6 | HGNC:16753 | ENSG00000117592 | P30041 | Peroxiredoxin-6 | clinvar |
| LITAF | HGNC:16841 | ENSG00000189067 | Q99732 | Lipopolysaccharide-induced tumor necrosis factor-alpha factor | gwas |
| MFN2 | HGNC:16877 | ENSG00000116688 | O95140 | Mitofusin-2 | clinvar |
| LRIG1 | HGNC:17360 | ENSG00000144749 | Q96JA1 | Leucine-rich repeats and immunoglobulin-like domains protein 1 | gwas |
| CDH13 | HGNC:1753 | ENSG00000140945 | P55290 | Cadherin-13 | gwas |
| NGLY1 | HGNC:17646 | ENSG00000151092 | Q96IV0 | Peptide-N(4)-(N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminyl)asparagine amidase | clinvar |
| NXN | HGNC:18008 | ENSG00000167693 | Q6DKJ4 | Nucleoredoxin | gwas |
| ZNF648 | HGNC:18190 | ENSG00000179930 | Q5T619 | Zinc finger protein 648 | gwas |
| HPSE2 | HGNC:18374 | ENSG00000172987 | Q8WWQ2 | Inactive heparanase-2 | gwas |
| ADCK1 | HGNC:19038 | ENSG00000063761 | Q86TW2 | AarF domain-containing protein kinase 1 | gwas |
| FGD4 | HGNC:19125 | ENSG00000139132 | Q96M96 | FYVE, RhoGEF and PH domain-containing protein 4 | gwas |
| CHRNG | HGNC:1967 | ENSG00000196811 | P07510 | Acetylcholine receptor subunit gamma | clinvar |
| CHST9 | HGNC:19898 | ENSG00000154080 | Q7L1S5 | Carbohydrate sulfotransferase 9 | gwas |
| KIF24 | HGNC:19916 | ENSG00000186638 | Q5T7B8 | Kinesin-like protein KIF24 | clinvar |
| AARS1 | HGNC:20 | ENSG00000090861 | P49588 | Alanine–tRNA ligase, cytoplasmic | clinvar |
| SLITRK1 | HGNC:20297 | ENSG00000178235 | Q96PX8 | SLIT and NTRK-like protein 1 | gwas |
| CNGB1 | HGNC:2151 | ENSG00000070729 | Q14028 | Cyclic nucleotide-gated channel beta-1 | gwas |
| TAFA2 | HGNC:21589 | ENSG00000198673 | Q8N3H0 | Chemokine-like protein TAFA-2 | gwas |
| COX6A1 | HGNC:2277 | ENSG00000111775 | P12074 | Cytochrome c oxidase subunit 6A1, mitochondrial | clinvar |
| WDHD1 | HGNC:23170 | ENSG00000198554 | O75717 | WD repeat and HMG-box DNA-binding protein 1 | gwas |
Cohort function summary
Lead sentence per gene, UniProt-curated.
| Symbol | Protein name | Function (lead sentence) |
|---|---|---|
| BSCL2 | Seipin | Plays a crucial role in the formation of lipid droplets (LDs) which are storage organelles at the center of lipid and energy homeostasis. |
| NEFL | Neurofilament light polypeptide | Neurofilaments usually contain three intermediate filament proteins: NEFL, NEFM, and NEFH which are involved in the maintenance of neuronal caliber. |
| ARHGEF10 | Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor 10 | May play a role in developmental myelination of peripheral nerves. |
| NRG1 | Pro-neuregulin-1, membrane-bound isoform | Direct ligand for ERBB3 and ERBB4 tyrosine kinase receptors. |
| PCK2 | Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase [GTP], mitochondrial | Mitochondrial phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase that catalyzes the conversion of oxaloacetate (OAA) to phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP), the rate-limiting step in the metabolic pathway that produces glucose from lactate and other precursors deriv… |
| SBF1 | Myotubularin-related protein 5 | Acts as an adapter for the phosphatase MTMR2 to regulate MTMR2 catalytic activity and subcellular location. |
| CX3CL1 | Fractalkine | Chemokine that acts as a ligand for both CX3CR1 and integrins ITGAV:ITGB3 and ITGA4:ITGB1. |
| CXCL12 | Stromal cell-derived factor 1 | Chemoattractant active on T-lymphocytes and monocytes but not neutrophils. |
| SLC12A6 | Solute carrier family 12 member 6 | Mediates electroneutral potassium-chloride cotransport when activated by cell swelling. |
| SPTAN1 | Spectrin alpha chain, non-erythrocytic 1 | Fodrin, which seems to be involved in secretion, interacts with calmodulin in a calcium-dependent manner and is thus candidate for the calcium-dependent movement of the cytoskeleton at the membrane. |
| TANK | TRAF family member-associated NF-kappa-B activator | Adapter protein involved in I-kappa-B-kinase (IKK) regulation which constitutively binds TBK1 and IKBKE playing a role in antiviral innate immunity. |
| TRPM2 | Transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily M member 2 | Nonselective, voltage-independent cation channel that mediates Na(+) and Ca(2+) influx, leading to increased cytoplasmic Ca(2+) levels. |
| SCUBE1 | Signal peptide, CUB and EGF-like domain-containing protein 1 | Could function as an adhesive molecule and its matrix bound and soluble fragments may play a critical role in vascular biology. |
| ATP8A2 | Phospholipid-transporting ATPase IB | Catalytic component of a P4-ATPase flippase complex which catalyzes the hydrolysis of ATP coupled to the transport of aminophospholipids from the outer to the inner leaflet of various membranes and ensures the maintenance of asymmetric dis… |
| PRX | Periaxin | Scaffolding protein that functions as part of a dystroglycan complex in Schwann cells, and as part of EZR and AHNAK-containing complexes in eye lens fiber cells. |
| HDAC9 | Histone deacetylase 9 | Responsible for the deacetylation of lysine residues on the N-terminal part of the core histones (H2A, H2B, H3 and H4). |
| XIRP2 | Xin actin-binding repeat-containing protein 2 | Protects actin filaments from depolymerization. |
| CALD1 | Caldesmon | Actin- and myosin-binding protein implicated in the regulation of actomyosin interactions in smooth muscle and nonmuscle cells (could act as a bridge between myosin and actin filaments). |
| WNK1 | Serine/threonine-protein kinase WNK1 | Serine/threonine-protein kinase component of the WNK1-SPAK/OSR1 kinase cascade, which acts as a key regulator of blood pressure and regulatory volume increase by promoting ion influx. |
| CALU | Calumenin | Involved in regulation of vitamin K-dependent carboxylation of multiple N-terminal glutamate residues. |
| VPS16 | Vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 16 homolog | Plays a role in vesicle-mediated protein trafficking to lysosomal compartments including the endocytic membrane transport and autophagic pathways. |
| IL37 | Interleukin-37 | Immune regulatory cytokine that acts as a suppressor of innate inflammatory and immune responses involved in curbing excessive inflammation. |
| HIF3A | Hypoxia-inducible factor 3-alpha | Acts as a transcriptional regulator in adaptive response to low oxygen tension. |
| GDAP1 | Ganglioside-induced differentiation-associated protein 1 | Regulates the mitochondrial network by promoting mitochondrial fission. |
| SUGCT | Succinyl-CoA:glutarate CoA-transferase | Coenzyme A (CoA) transferase that reversibly catalyzes the transfer of a CoA moiety from a dicarboxyl-CoA to a dicarboxylate in a metabolite recycling process. |
| SPTLC3 | Serine palmitoyltransferase 3 | Component of the serine palmitoyltransferase multisubunit enzyme (SPT) that catalyzes the initial and rate-limiting step in sphingolipid biosynthesis by condensing L-serine and activated acyl-CoA (most commonly palmitoyl-CoA) to form long-… |
| PNPLA6 | Patatin-like phospholipase domain-containing protein 6 | Phospholipase B that deacylates intracellular phosphatidylcholine (PtdCho), generating glycerophosphocholine (GroPtdCho). |
| GALNT17 | Polypeptide N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase 17 | May catalyze the initial reaction in O-linked oligosaccharide biosynthesis, the transfer of an N-acetyl-D-galactosamine residue to a serine or threonine residue on the protein receptor. |
| ZFPM2 | Zinc finger protein ZFPM2 | Transcription regulator that plays a central role in heart morphogenesis and development of coronary vessels from epicardium, by regulating genes that are essential during cardiogenesis. |
| PRDX6 | Peroxiredoxin-6 | Thiol-specific peroxidase that catalyzes the reduction of hydrogen peroxide and organic hydroperoxides to water and alcohols, respectively. |
| LITAF | Lipopolysaccharide-induced tumor necrosis factor-alpha factor | Plays a role in endosomal protein trafficking and in targeting proteins for lysosomal degradation. |
| MFN2 | Mitofusin-2 | Mitochondrial outer membrane GTPase that mediates mitochondrial clustering and fusion. |
| LRIG1 | Leucine-rich repeats and immunoglobulin-like domains protein 1 | Acts as a feedback negative regulator of signaling by receptor tyrosine kinases, through a mechanism that involves enhancement of receptor ubiquitination and accelerated intracellular degradation. |
| CDH13 | Cadherin-13 | Cadherins are calcium-dependent cell adhesion proteins. |
| NGLY1 | Peptide-N(4)-(N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminyl)asparagine amidase | Specifically deglycosylates the denatured form of N-linked glycoproteins in the cytoplasm and assists their proteasome-mediated degradation. |
| NXN | Nucleoredoxin | Functions as a redox-dependent negative regulator of the Wnt signaling pathway, possibly by preventing ubiquitination of DVL3 by the BCR(KLHL12) complex. |
| ZNF648 | Zinc finger protein 648 | May be involved in transcriptional regulation. |
| HPSE2 | Inactive heparanase-2 | Binds heparin and heparan sulfate with high affinity, but lacks heparanase activity. |
| ADCK1 | AarF domain-containing protein kinase 1 | Appears to be essential for maintaining mitochondrial cristae formation and mitochondrial function by acting via YME1L1 in a kinase-independent manner to regulate essential mitochondrial structural proteins OPA1 and IMMT. |
| FGD4 | FYVE, RhoGEF and PH domain-containing protein 4 | Activates CDC42, a member of the Ras-like family of Rho- and Rac proteins, by exchanging bound GDP for free GTP. |
| CHRNG | Acetylcholine receptor subunit gamma | After binding acetylcholine, the AChR responds by an extensive change in conformation that affects all subunits and leads to opening of an ion-conducting channel across the plasma membrane. |
| CHST9 | Carbohydrate sulfotransferase 9 | Catalyzes the transfer of sulfate from 3’-phosphoadenylyl sulfate (PAPS) to position 4 of non-reducing N-acetylgalactosamine (GalNAc) residues in both N-glycans and O-glycans. |
| KIF24 | Kinesin-like protein KIF24 | Microtubule-dependent motor protein that acts as a negative regulator of ciliogenesis by mediating recruitment of CCP110 to mother centriole in cycling cells, leading to restrict nucleation of cilia at centrioles. |
| AARS1 | Alanine–tRNA ligase, cytoplasmic | Catalyzes the attachment of alanine to tRNA(Ala) in a two-step reaction: alanine is first activated by ATP to form Ala-AMP and then transferred to the acceptor end of tRNA(Ala). |
| SLITRK1 | SLIT and NTRK-like protein 1 | It is involved in synaptogenesis and promotes excitatory synapse differentiation. |
| CNGB1 | Cyclic nucleotide-gated channel beta-1 | Pore-forming subunit of the rod cyclic nucleotide-gated channel. |
| TAFA2 | Chemokine-like protein TAFA-2 | Has a role as neurotrophic factor involved in neuronal survival and neurobiological functions. |
| COX6A1 | Cytochrome c oxidase subunit 6A1, mitochondrial | Component of the cytochrome c oxidase, the last enzyme in the mitochondrial electron transport chain which drives oxidative phosphorylation. |
| WDHD1 | WD repeat and HMG-box DNA-binding protein 1 | Core replisome component that acts as a replication initiation factor. |
| MYH14 | Myosin-14 | Cellular myosin that appears to play a role in cytokinesis, cell shape, and specialized functions such as secretion and capping. |
Protein-family classification
Druggable: 16 · Difficult: 17 · Unknown: 42 · Druggable fraction: 0.21
Family distribution
Cohort families vs a genome-wide background (hypergeometric, BH-FDR; fold = observed/expected). Counts kept; sorted by enrichment, so the catch-all Other/Unknown bucket no longer leads.
| Family | Genes | Fold | FDR |
|---|---|---|---|
| Scaffold/PPI | 10 | 2.3× | 0.087 |
| Ion channel | 2 | 3.0× | 0.582 |
| Antibody/Immunoglobulin | 3 | 1.2× | 0.679 |
| Enzyme (other) | 7 | 1.1× | 0.679 |
| Phosphatase | 1 | 1.1× | 0.679 |
| Kinase | 3 | 1.1× | 0.679 |
| Other/Unknown | 42 | 1.0× | 0.679 |
| Transcription factor | 7 | 0.8× | 0.819 |
Per-gene assignment
| Symbol | Family | Druggable? | EC | InterPro (top 3) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| BSCL2 | Other/Unknown | no | Seipin | |
| NEFL | Other/Unknown | no | Intermed_filament_DNA-bd, IF_conserved, IF_rod_dom | |
| ARHGEF10 | Scaffold/PPI | no | DH_dom, WD40/YVTN_repeat-like_dom_sf, DBL_dom_sf | |
| NRG1 | Antibody/Immunoglobulin | yes | EGF, Neuregulin_C, Ig_sub2 | |
| PCK2 | Kinase | yes | 4.1.1.32 | PEP_carboxykinase_GTP, PEP_carboxykinase_N, PEP_carboxykinase_C |
| SBF1 | Phosphatase | yes | 3.1.3.16 | cDENN_dom, PH_domain, GRAM |
| CX3CL1 | Other/Unknown | no | Chemokine_IL8-like_dom, Chemokine_CX3C, Interleukin_8-like_sf | |
| CXCL12 | Other/Unknown | no | Chemokine_IL8-like_dom, CXC_Chemokine_domain, Interleukin_8-like_sf | |
| SLC12A6 | Other/Unknown | no | KCL_cotranspt, AA-permease/SLC12A_dom, SLC12A_fam | |
| SPTAN1 | Scaffold/PPI | no | SH3_domain, Spectrin_repeat, EF_hand_dom | |
| TANK | Other/Unknown | no | TBD, TANK, CALCOCO1/2_Zn_UBZ1 | |
| TRPM2 | Ion channel | yes | NUDIX_hydrolase_dom, Ion_trans_dom, NUDIX_hydrolase-like_dom_sf | |
| SCUBE1 | Other/Unknown | no | EGF-type_Asp/Asn_hydroxyl_site, EGF, CUB_dom | |
| ATP8A2 | Transcription factor | no | 7.6.2.1 | P_typ_ATPase, P-type_ATPase_IV, ATPase_P-typ_transduc_dom_A_sf |
| PRX | Scaffold/PPI | no | PDZ, PDZ_sf, Myelin_sheath_structural | |
| HDAC9 | Enzyme (other) | yes | 3.5.1.98 | HDACs, Ureohydrolase_dom_sf, His_deacetylse_dom |
| XIRP2 | Other/Unknown | no | Actin-binding_Xin_repeat, XIRP1/XIRP2 | |
| CALD1 | Other/Unknown | no | Caldesmon, Caldesmon_LSP | |
| WNK1 | Kinase | yes | Prot_kinase_dom, Ser/Thr_kinase_AS, Kinase-like_dom_sf | |
| CALU | Other/Unknown | no | EF_hand_dom, EF-hand-dom_pair, EF_Hand_1_Ca_BS | |
| VPS16 | Other/Unknown | no | Vps16_C, Vps16_N, VPS16 | |
| DNAJB5 | Other/Unknown | no | DnaJ_domain, DnaJ_C, HSP40/DnaJ_pept-bd | |
| IL37 | Other/Unknown | no | IL-1_fam, IL-1RA/IL-36, IL1/FGF | |
| HIF3A | Transcription factor | no | PAS, PAC, bHLH_dom | |
| GDAP1 | Other/Unknown | no | Glutathione_S-Trfase_N, Glutathione-S-Trfase_C-like, GST_C_GDAP1 | |
| SUGCT | Enzyme (other) | yes | 2.8.3.13 | CoA-Trfase_fam_III, CoA-Trfase_III_dom_1_sf, CoA-Trfase_III_dom3_sf |
| SPTLC3 | Enzyme (other) | yes | 2.3.1.50 | Aminotrans_II_pyridoxalP_BS, Aminotransferase_I/II_large, PyrdxlP-dep_Trfase_major |
| PNPLA6 | Other/Unknown | no | cNMP-bd_dom, LysoPLipase_patatin_CS, PNPLA_dom | |
| GALNT17 | Other/Unknown | no | Ricin_B_lectin, Glyco_trans_2-like, Nucleotide-diphossugar_trans | |
| ZFPM2 | Transcription factor | no | Znf_C2H2_type, Znf_CCHC_FOG, Znf_C2H2_sf | |
| PRDX6 | Enzyme (other) | yes | 1.11.1.27 | AhpC/TSA, Thioredoxin_domain, Peroxiredoxin_C |
| LITAF | Other/Unknown | no | LITAF, LITAF_fam | |
| MFN2 | Other/Unknown | no | Fzo/mitofusin_HR2, Mitofusin_fam, P-loop_NTPase | |
| LRIG1 | Antibody/Immunoglobulin | yes | LRRNT, Cys-rich_flank_reg_C, Leu-rich_rpt | |
| CDH13 | Other/Unknown | no | Cadherin-like_dom, Cadherin_pro_dom, Cadherin-like_sf | |
| NGLY1 | Enzyme (other) | yes | 3.5.1.52 | Transglutaminase-like, Peptide_N_glycanase_PAW_dom, Galactose-bd-like_sf |
| NXN | Other/Unknown | no | Thioredoxin-like_fold, Thioredoxin_domain, Thioredoxin-like_sf | |
| ZNF648 | Transcription factor | no | Znf_C2H2_type, Znf_C2H2_sf | |
| HPSE2 | Other/Unknown | no | Glyco_hydro_79, GH_hydrolase_sf | |
| ADCK1 | Kinase | yes | ABC1_dom, Kinase-like_dom_sf, ADCK1_dom | |
| FGD4 | Transcription factor | no | DH_dom, Znf_FYVE, PH_domain | |
| CHRNG | Other/Unknown | no | Nicotinic_acetylcholine_rcpt, Neurotrans-gated_channel_TM, Neur_channel | |
| CHST9 | Other/Unknown | no | Sulfotransferase, Carb_sulfotrans_8-10 | |
| KIF24 | Other/Unknown | no | SAM, Kinesin_motor_dom, SAM/pointed_sf | |
| AARS1 | Other/Unknown | no | Ala-tRNA-lgiase_IIc, DHHA1_dom, Transl_B-barrel_sf | |
| SLITRK1 | Other/Unknown | no | Cys-rich_flank_reg_C, Leu-rich_rpt, Leu-rich_rpt_typical-subtyp | |
| CNGB1 | Ion channel | yes | cNMP-bd_dom, Ion_trans_dom, RmlC-like_jellyroll | |
| TAFA2 | Other/Unknown | no | Chemokine-like_TAFA, TAFA_chemokine-like | |
| COX6A1 | Other/Unknown | no | Cyt_c_oxidase_su6a, Cyt_c_oxidase_su6a_CS, Cyt_c_oxidase_su6a_sf | |
| WDHD1 | Scaffold/PPI | no | WD40_rpt, HMG_box_dom, WD40/YVTN_repeat-like_dom_sf |
Expression context
Cohort genes with no expression data: 0.
68 cohort genes are a single-cell marker in ≥1 SCXA experiment.
Breadth distribution (Bgee present_calls)
| Bucket | Genes |
|---|---|
| narrow (1-5 tissues) | 0 |
| moderate (6-20) | 1 |
| broad (>20) | 74 |
| unknown | 0 |
Top tissues across cohort
| Tissue | Cohort genes |
|---|---|
| secondary oocyte | 8 |
| ventricular zone | 7 |
| gastrocnemius | 6 |
| primordial germ cell in gonad | 6 |
| sural nerve | 5 |
| cortical plate | 5 |
| oocyte | 4 |
| prefrontal cortex | 4 |
| cerebellar hemisphere | 4 |
| right hemisphere of cerebellum | 4 |
| calcaneal tendon | 4 |
| mucosa of stomach | 4 |
| Brodmann (1909) area 23 | 4 |
| hindlimb stylopod muscle | 4 |
| apex of heart | 4 |
| buccal mucosa cell | 4 |
| male germ line stem cell (sensu Vertebrata) in testis | 4 |
| primary visual cortex | 3 |
| ganglionic eminence | 3 |
| mucosa of transverse colon | 3 |
Per-gene tissue summary (top 30)
| Symbol | Bgee breadth | FANTOM5 breadth | SCXA | Top tissues |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| BSCL2 | 149 | ubiquitous | marker | superior frontal gyrus, primary visual cortex, pituitary gland |
| NEFL | 214 | broad | marker | dorsal root ganglion, pons, lateral nuclear group of thalamus |
| ARHGEF10 | 134 | ubiquitous | yes | sural nerve, tibial nerve, right lung |
| NRG1 | 209 | ubiquitous | marker | ventricular zone, ganglionic eminence, oocyte |
| PCK2 | 172 | ubiquitous | marker | right lobe of liver, mucosa of transverse colon, small intestine Peyer’s patch |
| SBF1 | 278 | ubiquitous | yes | left testis, right testis, right lobe of thyroid gland |
| CX3CL1 | 261 | broad | marker | right lung, right coronary artery, prefrontal cortex |
| CXCL12 | 275 | ubiquitous | marker | synovial joint, pericardium, mammary duct |
| SLC12A6 | 274 | ubiquitous | marker | esophagus squamous epithelium, blood, secondary oocyte |
| SPTAN1 | 293 | ubiquitous | marker | right hemisphere of cerebellum, cerebellar hemisphere, cerebellar cortex |
| TANK | 293 | ubiquitous | marker | monocyte, mononuclear cell, calcaneal tendon |
| TRPM2 | 176 | broad | marker | right frontal lobe, caudate nucleus, nucleus accumbens |
| SCUBE1 | 188 | broad | marker | mucosa of stomach, tibia, cortical plate |
| ATP8A2 | 180 | broad | marker | middle temporal gyrus, Brodmann (1909) area 23, orbitofrontal cortex |
| PRX | 258 | ubiquitous | marker | olfactory bulb, trigeminal ganglion, sural nerve |
| HDAC9 | 277 | ubiquitous | marker | oocyte, monocyte, secondary oocyte |
| XIRP2 | 150 | tissue_specific | marker | deltoid, biceps brachii, quadriceps femoris |
| CALD1 | 293 | ubiquitous | marker | blood vessel layer, saphenous vein, cauda epididymis |
| WNK1 | 297 | ubiquitous | marker | medial globus pallidus, globus pallidus, inferior vagus X ganglion |
| CALU | 303 | ubiquitous | marker | stromal cell of endometrium, smooth muscle tissue, tendon of biceps brachii |
| VPS16 | 275 | ubiquitous | marker | granulocyte, right hemisphere of cerebellum, cerebellar hemisphere |
| DNAJB5 | 241 | ubiquitous | marker | hindlimb stylopod muscle, saphenous vein, gastrocnemius |
| IL37 | 141 | tissue_specific | yes | upper arm skin, skin of leg, upper leg skin |
| HIF3A | 223 | broad | marker | mucosa of stomach, apex of heart, lower esophagus muscularis layer |
| GDAP1 | 244 | ubiquitous | yes | endothelial cell, secondary oocyte, oocyte |
| SUGCT | 191 | ubiquitous | marker | right adrenal gland cortex, oocyte, right coronary artery |
| SPTLC3 | 228 | ubiquitous | marker | buccal mucosa cell, placenta, skin of abdomen |
| PNPLA6 | 276 | ubiquitous | marker | granulocyte, metanephros cortex, upper lobe of left lung |
| GALNT17 | 199 | broad | marker | trigeminal ganglion, dorsal root ganglion, cerebellar vermis |
| ZFPM2 | 239 | ubiquitous | marker | skeletal muscle tissue of biceps brachii, germinal epithelium of ovary, biceps brachii |
Protein interactions among cohort
Intra-cohort edges: 29.
Hub genes (top 10 by interactor count)
| Symbol | Interactor count |
|---|---|
| CXCL12 | 4,892 |
| DNM2 | 4,715 |
| NEFL | 4,644 |
| DYNC1H1 | 4,215 |
| PRDX6 | 4,106 |
| MFN2 | 3,853 |
| DCTN1 | 3,654 |
| IARS2 | 3,442 |
| SPTAN1 | 3,083 |
| AARS1 | 3,074 |
Intra-cohort edges
| A | B | Sources |
|---|---|---|
| AARS1 | IARS2 | string_interaction |
| ARHGEF10 | DNAJB5 | biogrid_interaction, intact |
| ARHGEF10 | HSPB8 | intact |
| ARHGEF10 | SH3TC2 | string_interaction |
| CALD1 | SPTAN1 | intact |
| CX3CL1 | TENM3 | biogrid_interaction |
| DCTN1 | DYNC1H1 | biogrid_interaction, string_interaction |
| DCTN1 | KIFBP | intact |
| DHTKD1 | FGD4 | string_interaction |
| DHTKD1 | GDAP1 | string_interaction |
| DHTKD1 | PLEKHG5 | string_interaction |
| DHTKD1 | SH3TC2 | string_interaction |
| DNM2 | ZBBX | biogrid_interaction |
| DYSF | XIRP2 | biogrid_interaction, intact |
| FGD4 | GDAP1 | string_interaction |
| FGD4 | LITAF | string_interaction |
| FGD4 | NEFL | biogrid_interaction |
| FGD4 | SBF1 | string_interaction |
| FGD4 | SH3TC2 | string_interaction |
| GDAP1 | LITAF | string_interaction |
| GDAP1 | MFN2 | string_interaction |
| GDAP1 | SBF1 | string_interaction |
| GDAP1 | SH3TC2 | string_interaction |
| HDAC9 | WNK1 | intact |
| LITAF | SH3TC2 | string_interaction |
| NEFL | SBF1 | string_interaction |
| PLEKHG5 | SH3TC2 | string_interaction |
| SBF1 | SH3TC2 | string_interaction |
| TANK | TENM3 | intact |
Structural data
PDB: 39 · AlphaFold-only: 36 · No structure: 0
Cohort genes with PDB structures (top 30)
| Symbol | UniProt | PDB entries |
|---|---|---|
| DYNC1H1 | Q14204 | 97 |
| CXCL12 | P48061 | 34 |
| TRPM2 | O94759 | 15 |
| DCTN1 | Q14203 | 13 |
| NRG1 | Q02297 | 11 |
| CNGB1 | Q14028 | 11 |
| DYSF | O75923 | 11 |
| CX3CL1 | P78423 | 10 |
| DCC | P43146 | 9 |
| SLC12A6 | Q9UHW9 | 8 |
| GDAP1 | Q8TB36 | 8 |
| WDHD1 | O75717 | 8 |
| DHTKD1 | Q96HY7 | 8 |
| SPTAN1 | Q13813 | 7 |
| AARS1 | P49588 | 6 |
| KIFBP | Q96EK5 | 6 |
| WNK1 | Q9H4A3 | 5 |
| TANK | Q92844 | 3 |
| PRDX6 | P30041 | 3 |
| MFN2 | O95140 | 3 |
| COX6A1 | P12074 | 3 |
| HDAC9 | Q9UKV0 | 2 |
| IL37 | Q9NZH6 | 2 |
| SUGCT | Q9HAC7 | 2 |
| LRIG1 | Q96JA1 | 2 |
| NGLY1 | Q96IV0 | 2 |
| SLITRK1 | Q96PX8 | 2 |
| MYH14 | Q7Z406 | 2 |
| MACROD1 | Q9BQ69 | 2 |
| BSCL2 | Q96G97 | 1 |
AlphaFold-only cohort genes (top 30 by pLDDT)
| Symbol | UniProt | pLDDT |
|---|---|---|
| PCK2 | Q16822 | 94.04 |
| CYRIA | Q9H0Q0 | 92.68 |
| GALNT17 | Q6IS24 | 90.68 |
| NXN | Q6DKJ4 | 90.37 |
| IARS2 | Q9NSE4 | 89.77 |
| TAFA2 | Q8N3H0 | 87.99 |
| NDUFAF6 | Q330K2 | 87.70 |
| SPTLC3 | Q9NUV7 | 87.25 |
| ADCK1 | Q86TW2 | 83.98 |
| HPSE2 | Q8WWQ2 | 82.90 |
| CHRNG | P07510 | 81.91 |
| CTNNA3 | Q9UI47 | 81.65 |
| ATP8A2 | Q9NTI2 | 81.12 |
| DNAJB5 | O75953 | 80.69 |
| CALU | O43852 | 79.82 |
| SH3TC2 | Q8TF17 | 78.63 |
| CHST9 | Q7L1S5 | 78.39 |
| TENM3 | Q9P273 | 77.76 |
| SCUBE1 | Q8IWY4 | 77.69 |
| STXBP5L | Q9Y2K9 | 77.38 |
| SBF1 | O95248 | 74.72 |
| NEFL | P07196 | 73.66 |
| FGD4 | Q96M96 | 70.85 |
| LITAF | Q99732 | 70.60 |
| PNPLA6 | Q8IY17 | 69.75 |
| CEP72 | Q9P209 | 65.74 |
| CALD1 | Q05682 | 65.68 |
| ARHGEF10 | O15013 | 65.56 |
| PLEKHG5 | O94827 | 64.94 |
| ZNF648 | Q5T619 | 61.00 |
Function
Pathway analysis
Distinct Reactome pathways touched by cohort: 429. Enrichment computed across 125 evidence-associated genes (91 with Reactome annotation).
Pathways by enrichment
Over-representation of cohort genes vs the genome-wide background (hypergeometric test, Benjamini-Hochberg FDR; fold = observed/expected over 91 annotated cohort genes). Counts and members are kept as ground-truth; sorted by enrichment.
| Pathway | Cohort genes | Fold | FDR | Sample cohort genes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EGR2 and SOX10-mediated initiation of Schwann cell myelination | 4 | 16.2× | 0.043 | PRX, GJB1, MPZ, PMP22 |
| NRAGE signals death through JNK | 4 | 8.1× | 0.212 | ARHGEF10, FGD4, PLEKHG5, NGF |
| Anchoring of the basal body to the plasma membrane | 5 | 6.2× | 0.212 | KIF24, CEP72, DCTN1, DYNC1H1, MKS1 |
| Defective SLC12A6 causes agenesis of the corpus callosum, with peripheral neuropathy (ACCPN) | 1 | 125.5× | 0.328 | SLC12A6 |
| Defective visual phototransduction due to ABCA4 loss of function | 1 | 125.5× | 0.328 | ABCA4 |
| TRKA activation by NGF | 1 | 62.8× | 0.328 | NGF |
| NFG and proNGF binds to p75NTR | 1 | 62.8× | 0.328 | NGF |
| NTF3 activates NTRK3 signaling | 1 | 62.8× | 0.328 | NTRK3 |
| Potassium transport channels | 1 | 41.8× | 0.328 | KCNJ10 |
| PLC-gamma1 signalling | 1 | 41.8× | 0.328 | NGF |
| Oligomerization of connexins into connexons | 1 | 41.8× | 0.328 | GJB1 |
| Transport of connexins along the secretory pathway | 1 | 41.8× | 0.328 | GJB1 |
| Ceramide signalling | 1 | 41.8× | 0.328 | NGF |
| Signalling to STAT3 | 1 | 41.8× | 0.328 | NGF |
| Breakdown of the nuclear lamina | 1 | 41.8× | 0.328 | LMNA |
| Activated NTRK3 signals through PLCG1 | 1 | 41.8× | 0.328 | NTRK3 |
| NTRK3 as a dependence receptor | 1 | 41.8× | 0.328 | NTRK3 |
| OADH complex synthesizes glutaryl-CoA from 2-OA | 1 | 41.8× | 0.328 | DHTKD1 |
| NGF processing | 1 | 31.4× | 0.328 | NGF |
| Axonal growth stimulation | 1 | 31.4× | 0.328 | NGF |
| Retinoid cycle disease events | 1 | 31.4× | 0.328 | ABCA4 |
| Diseases associated with visual transduction | 1 | 31.4× | 0.328 | ABCA4 |
| Diseases of the neuronal system | 1 | 31.4× | 0.328 | ABCA4 |
| Activation of the phototransduction cascade | 2 | 20.9× | 0.328 | CNGB1, GNGT1 |
| Retrograde neurotrophin signalling | 2 | 17.9× | 0.328 | DNM2, NGF |
| Receptor-type tyrosine-protein phosphatases | 2 | 12.6× | 0.328 | SLITRK1, NTRK3 |
| HS-GAG degradation | 2 | 10.9× | 0.328 | HPSE2, GPC6 |
| Long-term potentiation | 2 | 10.5× | 0.328 | NEFL, NRG1 |
| Cytosolic tRNA aminoacylation | 2 | 9.7× | 0.328 | AARS1, HARS1 |
| Activation of G protein gated Potassium channels | 2 | 8.7× | 0.328 | GNGT1, KCNJ10 |
GO biological processes by enrichment
Over-representation of cohort genes vs the genome-wide background (hypergeometric test, Benjamini-Hochberg FDR; fold = observed/expected over 117 annotated cohort genes). Counts and members are kept as ground-truth; sorted by enrichment.
| GO term | Cohort genes | Fold | FDR | Sample cohort genes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| neurofilament cytoskeleton organization | 3 | 43.2× | 0.030 | NEFL, ATP8A2, NEFH |
| positive regulation of positive chemotaxis | 3 | 36.0× | 0.030 | CDH13, S1PR1, NTRK3 |
| neurofilament bundle assembly | 2 | 96.0× | 0.042 | NEFL, NEFH |
| tRNA aminoacylation for protein translation | 3 | 21.6× | 0.066 | AARS1, IARS2, HARS1 |
| potassium ion homeostasis | 3 | 19.6× | 0.066 | SLC12A6, WNK1, KCNJ10 |
| nuclear migration | 3 | 18.8× | 0.066 | DCTN1, DYNC1H1, LMNA |
| positive regulation of smooth muscle cell proliferation | 4 | 11.3× | 0.066 | CX3CL1, CDH13, S1PR1, IL6R |
| positive regulation of aggrephagy | 2 | 48.0× | 0.068 | HSPB8, BAG3 |
| postsynaptic modulation of chemical synaptic transmission | 3 | 17.3× | 0.068 | NEFL, DCC, NEFH |
| neuron projection morphogenesis | 4 | 9.4× | 0.068 | NYAP2, DNM2, KIF20B, NGF |
| axonogenesis | 5 | 6.9× | 0.068 | NEFL, ATP8A2, SLITRK1, DCC, NEFH |
| peripheral nervous system development | 3 | 14.9× | 0.077 | NGF, NRG1, PMP22 |
| positive regulation of synapse assembly | 4 | 8.3× | 0.092 | SLITRK1, FLRT1, NTRK3, ADGRB3 |
| positive regulation of neuron projection development | 5 | 5.9× | 0.105 | CX3CL1, ATP8A2, TENM3, NGF, NTRK3 |
| retrograde axonal transport | 2 | 26.2× | 0.112 | NEFL, DYNC1H1 |
| cerebellar Purkinje cell layer development | 2 | 26.2× | 0.112 | AARS1, KLHL1 |
| peripheral nervous system myelin maintenance | 2 | 26.2× | 0.112 | PRX, SH3TC2 |
| transferrin transport | 2 | 26.2× | 0.112 | DNM2, HFE |
| maintenance of synapse structure | 2 | 26.2× | 0.112 | DCTN1, ADGRB3 |
| extrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in absence of ligand | 3 | 12.0× | 0.112 | CX3CL1, NGF, BAG3 |
| monocyte activation involved in immune response | 1 | 144.0× | 0.116 | DYSF |
| regulation of T cell tolerance induction | 1 | 144.0× | 0.116 | IL2RA |
| involuntary skeletal muscle contraction | 1 | 144.0× | 0.116 | ATP8A2 |
| cardiac muscle tissue growth involved in heart morphogenesis | 1 | 144.0× | 0.116 | S1PR1 |
| smoothened signaling pathway involved in regulation of secondary heart field cardioblast proliferation | 1 | 144.0× | 0.116 | MKS1 |
| purine ribonucleotide catabolic process | 1 | 144.0× | 0.116 | HINT1 |
| striated muscle cell apoptotic process | 1 | 144.0× | 0.116 | BAG3 |
| intermediate filament polymerization or depolymerization | 1 | 144.0× | 0.116 | NEFL |
| sphingoid biosynthetic process | 1 | 144.0× | 0.116 | SPTLC3 |
| positive regulation of axon extension involved in regeneration | 1 | 144.0× | 0.116 | NTRK3 |
Therapeutics
Drugs indicated for this disease
0 approved, 14 in late-stage (phase 3) trials. Disease-direct ChEMBL indications, not inferred from the associated-gene cohort below.
| Drug | Development status |
|---|---|
| Amifostine | Phase 3 (in late-stage trials) |
| Antimony | Phase 3 (in late-stage trials) |
| Capsaicin | Phase 3 (in late-stage trials) |
| Carboplatin | Phase 3 (in late-stage trials) |
| Duloxetine | Phase 3 (in late-stage trials) |
| Glutamine | Phase 3 (in late-stage trials) |
| Glutathione | Phase 3 (in late-stage trials) |
| Human Immunoglobulin G | Phase 3 (in late-stage trials) |
| Lamotrigine | Phase 3 (in late-stage trials) |
| Lidocaine | Phase 3 (in late-stage trials) |
| Milnacipran | Phase 3 (in late-stage trials) |
| Omeprazole | Phase 3 (in late-stage trials) |
| Paclitaxel | Phase 3 (in late-stage trials) |
| Pregabalin | Phase 3 (in late-stage trials) |
Earlier-phase candidates (phase 2, investigational — efficacy not yet established): Acetylcarnitine, Amitriptyline, Candesartan, Cannabidiol, Curcumin, Dextromethorphan, Epoetin Alfa, Fluorouracil, Gabapentin, Govorestat, Lorcaserin, Losartan, Metformin, Methadone, Nabiximols, Nicotinamide Riboside, Olesoxime, Oxaliplatin, Pirenzepine, Riluzole, Rituximab, Sodium Chloride, Thrombomodulin Alfa, Vitamin E.
Drug target analysis
Approved (phase 4): 7 · Phase ≥3: 7 · Phased (≥1): 11 · Undrugged: 64
Druggability breadth: 55 of 125 evidence-associated genes (44%) have a ChEMBL target (buckets above are over the deeply-mined display cohort).
Genes with an approved drug
The molecule shown is one approved compound that hits the gene — not necessarily a drug of choice or one indicated for this disease.
| Symbol | Example approved molecule |
|---|---|
| CXCL12 | PLERIXAFOR |
| TRPM2 | CLOTRIMAZOLE |
| HDAC9 | CELECOXIB |
| NGLY1 | DACTINOMYCIN |
| ADCK1 | MOMELOTINIB |
| CHRNG | VARENICLINE |
| MYH14 | TUCATINIB |
Top cohort targets by molecule count
| Symbol | Molecules | Max phase |
|---|---|---|
| HDAC9 | 28 | 4 |
| ADCK1 | 17 | 4 |
| CHRNG | 10 | 4 |
| TRPM2 | 5 | 4 |
| CXCL12 | 2 | 4 |
| SPTAN1 | 1 | 2 |
| CALD1 | 1 | 2 |
| NGLY1 | 1 | 4 |
| MYH14 | 1 | 4 |
| DYNC1H1 | 1 | 2 |
Drugs targeting cohort genes (top 30)
| Molecule | Max phase | Targets in cohort |
|---|---|---|
| PLERIXAFOR | 4 | CXCL12 |
| DIFLUNISAL | 4 | CXCL12 |
| CLOTRIMAZOLE | 4 | TRPM2 |
| COPPER | 4 | TRPM2 |
| ADENOSINE PHOSPHATE | 4 | TRPM2 |
| ECONAZOLE | 4 | TRPM2 |
| CELECOXIB | 4 | HDAC9 |
| PHENYLBUTANOIC ACID | 4 | HDAC9 |
| SODIUM PHENYLBUTYRATE | 4 | HDAC9 |
| ROMIDEPSIN | 4 | HDAC9 |
| BELINOSTAT | 4 | HDAC9 |
| PANOBINOSTAT | 4 | HDAC9 |
| VORINOSTAT | 4 | HDAC9 |
| GIVINOSTAT | 4 | HDAC9 |
| DACTINOMYCIN | 4 | NGLY1 |
| MOMELOTINIB | 4 | ADCK1 |
| FEDRATINIB | 4 | ADCK1 |
| PACRITINIB | 4 | ADCK1 |
| FOSTAMATINIB | 4 | ADCK1 |
| FILGOTINIB | 4 | ADCK1 |
| ABEMACICLIB | 4 | ADCK1 |
| GILTERITINIB | 4 | ADCK1 |
| PAZOPANIB | 4 | ADCK1 |
| VARENICLINE | 4 | CHRNG |
| NICOTINE | 4 | CHRNG |
| TROPISETRON | 4 | CHRNG |
| BUPROPION | 4 | CHRNG |
| MECAMYLAMINE | 4 | CHRNG |
| TUCATINIB | 4 | MYH14 |
| CURCUMIN | 3 | HDAC9 |
Bioactivity and enzyme data
Enzyme cohort genes (≥1 EC): 12.
Cohort genes with ChEMBL bioactivity (full, sorted by assay count)
| Symbol | Assays | Type breakdown |
|---|---|---|
| HDAC9 | 1,625 | Binding:1612, ADMET:8, Functional:4, Toxicity:1 |
| WNK1 | 165 | Binding:165 |
| CHRNG | 67 | Binding:36, Functional:31 |
| TRPM2 | 59 | Binding:58, Functional:1 |
| CXCL12 | 29 | Binding:29 |
| PRDX6 | 15 | Binding:15 |
| DNM2 | 15 | Binding:15 |
| NGLY1 | 9 | Binding:9 |
| SPTAN1 | 7 | Binding:7 |
| DYNC1H1 | 7 | Binding:7 |
| CALD1 | 6 | Binding:6 |
| ADCK1 | 6 | Binding:6 |
| MACROD1 | 6 | Binding:6 |
| MFN2 | 3 | Binding:3 |
| WDHD1 | 3 | Binding:3 |
| PCK2 | 2 | Binding:2 |
| TANK | 2 | Binding:2 |
| KIF24 | 2 | Binding:2 |
| AARS1 | 2 | Binding:2 |
| IARS2 | 2 | Binding:2 |
| CALU | 1 | Binding:1 |
| SPTLC3 | 1 | Binding:1 |
| PNPLA6 | 1 | Binding:1 |
| LITAF | 1 | Binding:1 |
| COX6A1 | 1 | Binding:1 |
| MYH14 | 1 | Binding:1 |
| VAC14 | 1 | Binding:1 |
| DCTN1 | 1 | Binding:1 |
Cohort enzymes (BRENDA EC)
| Symbol | EC numbers | Names |
|---|---|---|
| PCK2 | 4.1.1.32 | phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (GTP) |
| SBF1 | 3.1.3.16 | protein-serine/threonine phosphatase |
| ATP8A2 | 7.6.2.1 | P-type phospholipid transporter |
| HDAC9 | 3.5.1.98 | histone deacetylase |
| SUGCT | 2.8.3.13 | succinate-hydroxymethylglutarate CoA-transferase |
| SPTLC3 | 2.3.1.50 | serine C-palmitoyltransferase |
| PRDX6 | 1.11.1.27, 2.3.1.23, 3.1.1.4 | glutathione-dependent peroxiredoxin, 1-acylglycerophosphocholine O-acyltransferase, phospholipase A2 |
| NGLY1 | 3.5.1.52 | peptide-N4-(N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminyl)asparagine amidase |
| DHTKD1 | 1.2.1.105 | 2-oxoglutarate dehydrogenase system |
| MACROD1 | 3.1.1.106 | O-acetyl-ADP-ribose deacetylase |
| IARS2 | 6.1.1.5 | isoleucine-tRNA ligase |
| DNM2 | 3.6.5.5 | dynamin GTPase |
Cohort genes with high screening signal
≥100 ChEMBL assays — a studied-ness signal; see Therapeutics for approved-drug status.
| Symbol | ChEMBL assays |
|---|---|
| HDAC9 | 1,625 |
| WNK1 | 165 |
Pharmacogenomics
Cohort genes with a PharmGKB record: 75; with CPIC/DPWG dosing guidelines: 0.
No cohort gene has a CPIC/DPWG genotype-guided dosing guideline (PharmGKB).
Chemical tractability of cohort targets
30 approved/phased compounds have measured bioactivity against a cohort gene (and aren’t yet in disease-level trials). This is a research / tractability signal, NOT a therapeutic recommendation — a bioactivity row often reflects off-target or screening binding (e.g. promiscuous kinase inhibitors against a cohort kinase), implying no disease mechanism.
| Compound | Max phase | Cohort target (bioactivity) |
|---|---|---|
| PLERIXAFOR | 4 | CXCL12 |
| DIFLUNISAL | 4 | CXCL12 |
| CLOTRIMAZOLE | 4 | TRPM2 |
| COPPER | 4 | TRPM2 |
| ADENOSINE PHOSPHATE | 4 | TRPM2 |
| ECONAZOLE | 4 | TRPM2 |
| CELECOXIB | 4 | HDAC9 |
| PHENYLBUTANOIC ACID | 4 | HDAC9 |
| SODIUM PHENYLBUTYRATE | 4 | HDAC9 |
| ROMIDEPSIN | 4 | HDAC9 |
| BELINOSTAT | 4 | HDAC9 |
| PANOBINOSTAT | 4 | HDAC9 |
| VORINOSTAT | 4 | HDAC9 |
| GIVINOSTAT | 4 | HDAC9 |
| DACTINOMYCIN | 4 | NGLY1 |
| MOMELOTINIB | 4 | ADCK1 |
| FEDRATINIB | 4 | ADCK1 |
| PACRITINIB | 4 | ADCK1 |
| FOSTAMATINIB | 4 | ADCK1 |
| FILGOTINIB | 4 | ADCK1 |
| ABEMACICLIB | 4 | ADCK1 |
| GILTERITINIB | 4 | ADCK1 |
| PAZOPANIB | 4 | ADCK1 |
| VARENICLINE | 4 | CHRNG |
| NICOTINE | 4 | CHRNG |
| TROPISETRON | 4 | CHRNG |
| BUPROPION | 4 | CHRNG |
| MECAMYLAMINE | 4 | CHRNG |
| TUCATINIB | 4 | MYH14 |
| CURCUMIN | 3 | HDAC9 |
Druggability pyramid
Cohort genes binned by druggability tier (high → low):
| Tier | Definition | Genes | Symbols |
|---|---|---|---|
| A | Approved (phase 4 drug) | 7 | CXCL12, TRPM2, HDAC9, NGLY1, ADCK1, CHRNG, MYH14 |
| B | Phased (≥1) drug, not yet approved | 4 | SPTAN1, CALD1, DYNC1H1, IARS2 |
| C | Druggable family + PDB, no drug | 9 | NRG1, WNK1, SUGCT, PRDX6, LRIG1, CNGB1, DHTKD1, DCC, MACROD1 |
| D | Druggable family + AlphaFold only, no drug | 3 | PCK2, SBF1, SPTLC3 |
| E | Difficult family or no structure, no drug | 52 | BSCL2, NEFL, ARHGEF10, CX3CL1, SLC12A6, TANK, SCUBE1, ATP8A2, PRX, XIRP2 (+42 more) |
Undrugged target profiles
64 cohort genes are undrugged. Ranked by ‘starting-point quality’ (assay depth + drugged-partner adjacency).
| Symbol | ChEMBL assays | Drugged partners (top 3) |
|---|---|---|
| AARS1 | 2 | IARS2 |
| WNK1 | 165 | — |
| BSCL2 | 0 | — |
| NEFL | 0 | — |
| ARHGEF10 | 0 | — |
| NRG1 | 0 | — |
| PCK2 | 2 | — |
| SBF1 | 0 | — |
| CX3CL1 | 0 | — |
| SLC12A6 | 0 | — |
| TANK | 2 | — |
| SCUBE1 | 0 | — |
| ATP8A2 | 0 | — |
| PRX | 0 | — |
| XIRP2 | 0 | — |
| CALU | 1 | — |
| VPS16 | 0 | — |
| DNAJB5 | 0 | — |
| IL37 | 0 | — |
| HIF3A | 0 | — |
| GDAP1 | 0 | — |
| SUGCT | 0 | — |
| SPTLC3 | 1 | — |
| PNPLA6 | 1 | — |
| GALNT17 | 0 | — |
| ZFPM2 | 0 | — |
| PRDX6 | 15 | — |
| LITAF | 1 | — |
| MFN2 | 3 | — |
| LRIG1 | 0 | — |
Clinical trials & evidence
Clinical trials
Clinical trials: 340.
Phase distribution (across all retrieved trials)
| Phase | Trials |
|---|---|
| Not specified | 236 |
| PHASE2 | 39 |
| PHASE3 | 29 |
| PHASE4 | 11 |
| PHASE1/PHASE2 | 9 |
| PHASE1 | 8 |
| PHASE2/PHASE3 | 5 |
| EARLY_PHASE1 | 3 |
Top trials by phase / activity
| NCT | Phase | Status | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| NCT02670161 | PHASE4 | ENROLLING_BY_INVITATION | Quality Improvement and Practice Based Research in Neurology Using the EMR |
| NCT07025005 | PHASE4 | RECRUITING | Fenofibrate Role in the Prophylaxis From Peripheral Neuropathy Induced by Bortezomib, Lenalidomide and Dexamethasone (VRd) Protocol in the Treatment of Patients With Multiple Myeloma (MM) |
| NCT00380965 | PHASE4 | COMPLETED | Evaluation of the Efficacy of Cesamet™ for the Treatment of Pain in Patients With Chemotherapy-Induced Neuropathy |
| NCT00487981 | PHASE4 | TERMINATED | Spinal Cord Stimulation for Painful Diabetic Neuropathy |
| NCT00904202 | PHASE4 | COMPLETED | A Study Of Lidocaine Patch 5% Alone, Gabapentin Alone, And Lidocaine Patch 5% And Gabapentin In Combination For The Relief Of Pain In Patients With Diverse Peripheral Neuropathic Pain Conditions |
| NCT01192113 | PHASE4 | COMPLETED | Safety and Efficacy of Mecobalamin Injection in Peripheral Neuropathies Patients (Study JGAZSY091109) |
| NCT01373983 | PHASE4 | COMPLETED | Intrathecal Bolus Doses of Ziconotide |
| NCT01458015 | PHASE4 | TERMINATED | Tapentadol Versus Oxycodone - a Mechanism-based Treatment Approach in Neuropathic Pain |
| NCT02074267 | PHASE4 | COMPLETED | Clinical Study for Assessment of the Efficacy of Gabapentin (Carbatin and Neurontin) in Patients With Neuropathy Pain |
| NCT02372149 | PHASE4 | UNKNOWN | IVIg for Demyelination in Diabetes Mellitus |
| NCT07022938 | PHASE4 | COMPLETED | Nutritional Supplement for Treating Chemotherapy Induced Neuropathy |
| NCT07287592 | PHASE3 | NOT_YET_RECRUITING | Glutamine for the Prophylaxis of Vincristine-induced Neuropathy in Children and Adolescents With Cancer. |
| NCT07475065 | PHASE2/PHASE3 | NOT_YET_RECRUITING | The Effect of Oral DLBS1033 in Patients With Diabetic Polyneuropathy |
| NCT00058071 | PHASE3 | COMPLETED | Amifostine in Treating Peripheral Neuropathy in Patients Who Have Received Chemotherapy for Cancer |
| NCT00125268 | PHASE3 | TERMINATED | Near Infrared Light for the Treatment of Painful Peripheral Neuropathy |
| NCT00195013 | PHASE3 | COMPLETED | Randomized Placebo-Controlled Trial of Glutamine for Breast Cancer Patients With Peripheral Neuropathy |
| NCT00232141 | PHASE3 | COMPLETED | Study of Pregabalin Versus Placebo in the Treatment of Nerve Pain Associated With HIV Neuropathy |
| NCT00264875 | PHASE3 | COMPLETED | Open Label Safety And Efficacy Study Of Pregabalin In Subjects With Nerve Pain Asociated With Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Neuropathy |
| NCT00369564 | PHASE3 | COMPLETED | Glutamic Acid in Reducing Nerve Damage Caused by Vincristine in Young Patients With Cancer |
| NCT00471445 | PHASE3 | COMPLETED | Topical Amitriptyline and Ketamine Cream in Treating Peripheral Neuropathy Caused by Chemotherapy in Cancer Patients |
| NCT00489411 | PHASE3 | COMPLETED | Duloxetine in Treating Peripheral Neuropathy Caused by Chemotherapy in Patients With Cancer |
| NCT00710554 | PHASE3 | COMPLETED | A Study of Sativex® for Pain Relief of Peripheral Neuropathic Pain, Associated With Allodynia |
| NCT00711880 | PHASE3 | COMPLETED | A Study of Sativex® for Relief of Peripheral Neuropathic Pain Associated With Allodynia. |
| NCT00713323 | PHASE3 | COMPLETED | A Study to Compare the Safety and Tolerability of Sativex® in Patients With Neuropathic Pain. |
| NCT00713817 | PHASE3 | COMPLETED | A Study to Determine the Maintenance of Effect After Long-term Treatment of Sativex® in Subjects With Neuropathic Pain |
| NCT00775645 | PHASE3 | COMPLETED | S0715: Acetyl-L-Carnitine in Preventing Neuropathy in Women With Stage I, II, or IIIA Breast Cancer Undergoing Chemo |
| NCT00872352 | PHASE3 | UNKNOWN | Evaluation of Bortezomib Induced Peripheral Neuropathy of Multiple Myeloma (MM) Patients |
| NCT00998738 | PHASE3 | TERMINATED | Calcium and Magnesium in Preventing Peripheral Neuropathy Caused by Ixabepilone in Patients With Breast Cancer |
| NCT01049217 | PHASE3 | TERMINATED | Pregabalin Versus Placebo In The Treatment Of Neuropathic Pain Associated With HIV Neuropathy |
| NCT01099449 | PHASE3 | COMPLETED | Calcium Gluconate and Magnesium Sulfate in Preventing Neurotoxicity in Patients With Colon Cancer or Rectal Cancer Receiving Oxaliplatin-Based Combination Chemotherapy |
| NCT01288937 | PHASE3 | TERMINATED | A Placebo Controlled, Randomized, Double Blind Trial of Milnacipran for the Treatment of Idiopathic Neuropathy Pain |
| NCT01492920 | PHASE3 | WITHDRAWN | Acetyl-L-Carnitine Hydrochloride in Preventing Peripheral Neuropathy in Patients With Recurrent Ovarian Epithelial Cancer, Primary Peritoneal Cavity Cancer, or Fallopian Tube Cancer Undergoing Chemotherapy |
| NCT01775449 | PHASE3 | COMPLETED | Prevention of Oxaliplatin-induced Neuropathic Pain by a Specific Diet |
| NCT02024191 | PHASE3 | UNKNOWN | The Role of Glutamine for Preventing Oxaliplatin-Induced Peripheral Neuropathy |
| NCT02217267 | PHASE3 | COMPLETED | Long Term Outcome After Serial Lidocaine Infusion in Peripheral Neuropathic Pain |
| NCT02294149 | PHASE3 | UNKNOWN | Vit D3 and Omega 3 in Chemo Induced Neuropathy |
| NCT02311907 | PHASE3 | COMPLETED | Glutathione in Preventing Peripheral Neuropathy Caused by Paclitaxel and Carboplatin in Patients With Ovarian Cancer, Fallopian Tube Cancer, and/or Primary Peritoneal Cancer |
| NCT02590367 | PHASE2/PHASE3 | UNKNOWN | Estimate the Efficacy of HD6610 Granule for Oxaliplatin-induced Peripheral Neuropathy |
| NCT02936843 | PHASE2/PHASE3 | COMPLETED | Targeting Inflammation With Salsalate in Type 1 Diabetes Neuropathy |
| NCT05189535 | PHASE2/PHASE3 | COMPLETED | Prevention of Paclitaxel-Induced Peripheral Neuropathy in Breast Cancer Patients |
Drugs tested across these trials (top 30)
Related Atlas pages
- Cohort genes: BSCL2, NEFL, ARHGEF10, NRG1, PCK2, SBF1, CX3CL1, CXCL12, SLC12A6, SPTAN1, TANK, TRPM2, SCUBE1, ATP8A2, PRX, HDAC9, XIRP2, CALD1, WNK1, CALU, VPS16, DNAJB5, IL37, HIF3A, GDAP1, SUGCT, SPTLC3, PNPLA6, GALNT17, ZFPM2, PRDX6, LITAF, MFN2, LRIG1, CDH13, NGLY1, NXN, ZNF648, HPSE2, ADCK1, FGD4, CHRNG, CHST9, KIF24, AARS1, SLITRK1, CNGB1, TAFA2, COX6A1, WDHD1, MYH14, KIFBP, DHTKD1, ETAA1, CTNNA3, CYRIA, VAC14, CEP72, ZBBX, DCC, DCTN1, GLIS3, NDUFAF6, PLEKHG5, NYAP2, SH3TC2, MACROD1, DYNC1H1, IARS2, DNM2, TENM3, HSPB8, SPHKAP, STXBP5L, DYSF
- Drugs: Glutamine, Gabapentin, Calcium Gluconate, Magnesium, Thiamine Ion, Venlafaxine, Acetylcholine, Amifostine, Bortezomib, Cenegermin, Cilostazol, Duloxetine, Eribulin, Ethosuximide, Hyaluronidase (Human Recombinant), Iloprost, Ixabepilone, Lacosamide, Lenalidomide, Lidocaine, Menthol, Milnacipran, Minocycline, Oxaliplatin, Oxycodone, Pentoxifylline, Phenytoin, Pirenzepine, Pyrilamine