Phlebitis
disease diseaseOn this page
Also known as inflammation of veinvein inflammation
Summary
Phlebitis (MONDO:0004625) is a disease with 53 GWAS associations across 22 studies and 26 clinical trials. Top therapeutic interventions include clobetasol propionate, heparin, and nitroglycerin. A subtype of vein disorder — broader associated-gene and molecular evidence is on the parent page (see Disease family below).
At a glance
- GWAS associations: 53
- Clinical trials: 26
Clinical features
No curated clinical features (Orphanet) for this disease.
Identifiers
Disease identifiers
| Field | Value |
|---|---|
| Canonical name | phlebitis |
| Mondo ID | MONDO:0004625 |
| EFO | EFO:1001395 |
| MeSH | D010689 |
| DOID | DOID:864 |
| NCIT | C38003 |
| SNOMED CT | 61599003 |
| UMLS | C0031542 |
| MedGen | 18425 |
| Is cancer (heuristic) | no |
Also known as: inflammation of vein · vein inflammation
Data availability: 53 GWAS associations (22 studies).
Disease family
This is a subtype of vein disorder. Genetic, therapeutic, and trial evidence is largely curated at the broader-term level — see the parent page for the associated-gene cohort and molecular evidence.
Classification path: disease › human disease › disease by body system or component › cardiovascular disorder › vascular disorder › vein disorder › phlebitis
Related subtypes (12): venous insufficiency, portal vein thrombosis, occlusion of tributary of retinal vein, central retinal vein occlusion, cavernous sinus meningioma, superior vena cava angiosarcoma, pulmonary vein leiomyosarcoma, malignant jugulotympanic paraganglioma, varicose disease, vein of Galen aneurysm, isolated splenic vein thrombosis, isolated mesenteric vein thrombosis
Subtypes (1): thrombophlebitis
Genetics & variants
GWAS landscape
53 GWAS associations across 22 studies. Top hits map to 7 distinct genes (as reported by GWAS).
Top associations by p-value
| rsID | p-value | Gene | Risk allele | Odds ratio |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| chr1:169549811 | 5e-270 | T | 0.95 | |
| rs1894692 | 3e-155 | SLC19A2 - F5 | G | 1.25 |
| chr9:133261662 | 7e-123 | A | 0.26 | |
| rs144737447 | 4e-111 | NME7, ATP1B1 | C | 1.35 |
| rs115478735 | 8e-43 | ABO | A | 0.35 |
| chr4:186286227 | 8e-43 | T | 0.15 | |
| chr4:154604124 | 3e-40 | A | 0.16 | |
| chr11:46328146 | 3e-40 | T | 0.56 | |
| chr10:69477626 | 8e-30 | T | 0.19 | |
| chr20:35187566 | 9e-21 | A | 0.11 | |
| rs56810541 | 9e-20 | F11 | A | 0.2 |
| rs2066865 | 1e-16 | FGA - FGG | G | 0.19 |
| chr8:105561296 | 8e-15 | C | 0.09 | |
| rs1799963 | 5e-14 | F2 | G | 0.55 |
| chr19:10616561 | 4e-13 | T | 0.09 | |
| chr11:46933311 | 1e-12 | G | 0.74 | |
| chr11:54632840 | 1e-12 | A | 0.35 | |
| rs149903077 | 2e-12 | CREB3L1 - DGKZ | T | 1.05 |
| chr4:155517842 | 4e-12 | A | 0.18 | |
| chr12:6048228 | 6e-12 | C | 0.07 | |
| rs191102838 | 2e-11 | CASC19, PCAT1 | A | 1.72 |
| rs182121863 | 3e-11 | MCUR1 - RNF182 | C | 2.85 |
| rs531243751 | 3e-11 | RNU6-938P - Y_RNA | G | 2.01 |
| chr9:5073770 | 4e-11 | T | 1.04 | |
| chr11:53455142 | 3e-10 | A | 0.33 | |
| chr2:127243257 | 5e-10 | C | 0.07 | |
| chr13:113140073 | 2e-09 | CTT | 0.06 | |
| chr12:81938279 | 3e-09 | G | 2.69 | |
| chrX:139551121 | 3e-09 | G | 0.06 | |
| chrX:39849470 | 3e-09 | C | 0.05 |
Top studies (by case count)
| Study | Lead author | Year | Cases | Controls | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| GCST90473605 | UK Biobank Whole-Genome Sequencing Consortium | 2025 | 18,520 | 439,920 | Whole-genome sequencing of 490,640 UK Biobank participants. |
| GCST90667816 | UK Biobank Whole-Genome Sequencing Consortium | 2025 | 18,520 | 439,920 | Whole-genome sequencing of 490,640 UK Biobank participants. |
| GCST90103408 | Fitzgerald T | 2022 | 6,210 | 164,547 | CNest: A novel copy number association discovery method uncovers 862 new associations from 200,629 whole-exome sequence datasets in the UK Biobank. |
| GCST90080059 | Backman JD | 2021 | 6,000 | 378,260 | Exome sequencing and analysis of 454,787 UK Biobank participants. |
| GCST90084045 | Backman JD | 2021 | 6,000 | 378,260 | Exome sequencing and analysis of 454,787 UK Biobank participants. |
| GCST90436174 | Zhou W | 2018 | 3,900 | 369,592 | Efficiently controlling for case-control imbalance and sample relatedness in large-scale genetic association studies. |
| GCST90476003 | Verma A | 2024 | 3,885 | 440,509 | Diversity and scale: Genetic architecture of 2068 traits in the VA Million Veteran Program. |
| GCST90080058 | Backman JD | 2021 | 3,776 | 383,943 | Exome sequencing and analysis of 454,787 UK Biobank participants. |
| GCST90084044 | Backman JD | 2021 | 3,776 | 383,943 | Exome sequencing and analysis of 454,787 UK Biobank participants. |
| GCST90436175 | Zhou W | 2018 | 3,587 | 369,592 | Efficiently controlling for case-control imbalance and sample relatedness in large-scale genetic association studies. |
Variant details and genetic-evidence tiers
Tier distribution (top 50 variants)
| Tier | Variants |
|---|---|
| Tier 1: coding | 0 |
| Tier 2: splice/UTR | 1 |
| Tier 3: regulatory | 0 |
| Tier 4: intronic/intergenic | 43 |
MAF distribution
| Bucket | Variants |
|---|---|
| common (>=0.05) | 5 |
| low_freq (0.01-0.05) | 4 |
| rare (<0.01) | 4 |
| unknown | 31 |
Functional consequences
| Consequence | Count |
|---|---|
| unknown | 33 |
| intron_variant | 5 |
| intergenic_variant | 4 |
| non_coding_transcript_exon_variant | 1 |
| 3_prime_UTR_variant | 1 |
Top variants
| rsID | Chr | Pos | Alleles | MAF | Consequence | Gene | p-value | Tier |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| chr1:169549811 | 5e-270 | Tier 4: intronic/intergenic | ||||||
| rs1894692 | 1 | 169498416 | G>A | 0.035 | non_coding_transcript_exon_variant | SLC19A2 - F5 | 3e-155 | Tier 4: intronic/intergenic |
| chr9:133261662 | 7e-123 | Tier 4: intronic/intergenic | ||||||
| rs144737447 | 1 | 169191220 | C>T | 0.021 | intron_variant | NME7, ATP1B1 | 4e-111 | Tier 4: intronic/intergenic |
| rs115478735 | 9 | 133274295 | A>T | 0.158 | intron_variant | ABO | 8e-43 | Tier 4: intronic/intergenic |
| chr4:186286227 | 8e-43 | Tier 4: intronic/intergenic | ||||||
| chr4:154604124 | 3e-40 | Tier 4: intronic/intergenic | ||||||
| chr11:46328146 | 3e-40 | Tier 4: intronic/intergenic | ||||||
| chr10:69477626 | 8e-30 | Tier 4: intronic/intergenic | ||||||
| chr20:35187566 | 9e-21 | Tier 4: intronic/intergenic | ||||||
| rs56810541 | 4 | 186279396 | A>T | 0.359 | intron_variant | F11 | 9e-20 | Tier 4: intronic/intergenic |
| rs2066865 | 4 | 154604124 | G>A,C,T | 0.25 | intergenic_variant | FGA - FGG | 1e-16 | Tier 4: intronic/intergenic |
| chr8:105561296 | 8e-15 | Tier 4: intronic/intergenic | ||||||
| rs1799963 | 11 | 46739505 | G>A | 0.012 | 3_prime_UTR_variant | F2 | 5e-14 | Tier 2: splice/UTR |
| chr19:10616561 | 4e-13 | Tier 4: intronic/intergenic | ||||||
| chr11:46933311 | 0.01 | 1e-12 | Tier 4: intronic/intergenic | |||||
| chr11:54632840 | 1e-12 | Tier 4: intronic/intergenic | ||||||
| rs149903077 | 11 | 46328146 | G>T | 0.01 | intergenic_variant | CREB3L1 - DGKZ | 2e-12 | Tier 4: intronic/intergenic |
| chr4:155517842 | 0.251 | 4e-12 | Tier 4: intronic/intergenic | |||||
| chr12:6048228 | 6e-12 | Tier 4: intronic/intergenic | ||||||
| rs191102838 | 8 | 127092992 | A>G | 0.001 | intron_variant | CASC19, PCAT1 | 2e-11 | Tier 4: intronic/intergenic |
| rs182121863 | 6 | 13868401 | C>T | 0 | intron_variant | MCUR1 - RNF182 | 3e-11 | Tier 4: intronic/intergenic |
| rs531243751 | 17 | 75418404 | G>A | 0.001 | intergenic_variant | RNU6-938P - Y_RNA | 3e-11 | Tier 4: intronic/intergenic |
| chr9:5073770 | 4e-11 | Tier 4: intronic/intergenic | ||||||
| chr11:53455142 | 3e-10 | Tier 4: intronic/intergenic | ||||||
| chr2:127243257 | 5e-10 | Tier 4: intronic/intergenic | ||||||
| chr13:113140073 | 2e-09 | Tier 4: intronic/intergenic | ||||||
| chr12:81938279 | 3e-09 | Tier 4: intronic/intergenic | ||||||
| chrX:139551121 | 3e-09 | Tier 4: intronic/intergenic | ||||||
| chrX:39849470 | 3e-09 | Tier 4: intronic/intergenic |
Genes & proteins
No associated-gene cohort resolved for this disease. Atlas builds the molecular and therapeutic sections — associated genes, protein families, druggability, pathways, interactions, and drug associations — by aggregating over a disease’s associated genes (resolved via GWAS / GenCC / ClinVar / CIViC), and none resolved here. This is expected for antibody-mediated, autoimmune, or otherwise non-gene-defined conditions; the curated evidence for this disease is its clinical features, GWAS susceptibility, and clinical trials (above).
Function
No pathway enrichment — requires an associated-gene cohort.
Therapeutics
No druggable-target or therapeutic data for this disease’s cohort.
Clinical trials & evidence
Clinical trials
Clinical trials: 26.
Phase distribution (across all retrieved trials)
| Phase | Trials |
|---|---|
| Not specified | 19 |
| PHASE3 | 3 |
| PHASE4 | 2 |
| PHASE2/PHASE3 | 1 |
| PHASE1/PHASE2 | 1 |
Top trials by phase / activity
| NCT | Phase | Status | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| NCT00418470 | PHASE4 | TERMINATED | Prolonging the Duration of Peripheral Venous Catheters in Cystic Fibrosis People |
| NCT01794767 | PHASE4 | SUSPENDED | Normal Saline Versus Heparinized Solution Flush for Maintaining Patency of Peripheral Venous Catheters in Children |
| NCT00103636 | PHASE2/PHASE3 | UNKNOWN | Peripheral Venous Catheter Trial: 3 Day Versus No Routine Change |
| NCT00989599 | PHASE3 | COMPLETED | Use of Chamomilla Recutita in Phlebitis |
| NCT01131754 | PHASE3 | COMPLETED | Heparin 100U/L for Prevention of PVC Complications |
| NCT01943006 | PHASE3 | COMPLETED | Efficacy and Tolerability of Hirudoid Cream in Prophylaxis and Treatment Infusion Phlebitis |
| NCT04685031 | PHASE1/PHASE2 | UNKNOWN | Ointment Therapy and Prevention of Cannulation-Induced Superficial Phlebitis |
| NCT06770374 | Not specified | RECRUITING | Effectiveness of a Zinc Oxide Adhesive Securement Device in the Fixation of Midline and Peripherally Inserted Central Catheters in Hospitalized Adult Patients |
| NCT07046624 | Not specified | NOT_YET_RECRUITING | Prevention of Phlebitis, Infiltration and Extravasation With Infusion Monitoring System |
| NCT07512986 | Not specified | NOT_YET_RECRUITING | Simulation and Video Training for Phlebitis Recognition and Clinical Decision-Making in Nursing Students |
| NCT07524608 | Not specified | NOT_YET_RECRUITING | Implementing an Evidence-based, Standardized Care Bundle Targeting Register Nurses and Anaesthesiologists, to Enhance Patient Safety and Quality of Intravascular Access Devices Care Management - The Safe-IVADs Project. A Longitudinell Implementation Intervention With an Embedded Process Evaluation. |
| NCT00670540 | Not specified | COMPLETED | Epidemiology of Thromboembolism Disease: A Cohort Study |
| NCT02568670 | Not specified | COMPLETED | Removal Peripheral Intravenous Catheters According to Clinical Signs or Every 96 Hours: A Non Inferiority Study |
| NCT03193827 | Not specified | COMPLETED | In-line Filtration Reduces Postoperative Phlebitis. |
| NCT04127149 | Not specified | COMPLETED | Evaluation of Ultra-portable Ultrasound in General Practice |
| NCT04218643 | Not specified | TERMINATED | Ultrasound-guided Peripheral Intravenous Catheter Insertion Technique |
| NCT04569474 | Not specified | COMPLETED | Peripheral IV Dressing and Phlebitis in Patients From Amazon |
| NCT04817020 | Not specified | COMPLETED | Effect of Skin Antisepsis on Phlebitis |
| NCT05058053 | Not specified | COMPLETED | THE EFFECT OF COLD APPLICATION ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF PHLEBITIS IN PATIENTS RECEIVING INTRAVENOUS AMIODARONE TREATMENT. |
| NCT05226312 | Not specified | COMPLETED | Phlebitis Care and Warm Wet Application |
| NCT05714137 | Not specified | COMPLETED | Reducing the Risk of Phlebitis From Peripheral Venous Catheter |
| NCT05870449 | Not specified | UNKNOWN | The Impact of Climate Environment in Different Latitudes on the Occurrence of PICC Complications |
| NCT06030141 | Not specified | COMPLETED | Investigation of the Effect of Nigella Sativa Oil and Sesame Oil in Preventing Phlebitis |
| NCT06216522 | Not specified | COMPLETED | The Effectiveness of Topical Sesame Oil in Preventing Phlebitis at IV Cannula Sites in Adults |
| NCT06375850 | Not specified | UNKNOWN | Effects of Topical Sesame Oil in the Prevention of Peripheral Venous Catheter Phlebitis: Clinical Trial. |
| NCT07051798 | Not specified | COMPLETED | Phlebitis Experiences of Intensive Care Nurses |
Drugs tested across these trials (top 30)
| Molecule | Max phase | Trials referencing |
|---|---|---|
| CLOBETASOL PROPIONATE | 4 | 1 |
| HEPARIN | 4 | 1 |
| NITROGLYCERIN | 4 | 1 |
| SESAME OIL | 3 | 2 |
| CLOBETASOL | 3 | 1 |
| CHEMBL4071896 | 0 | 2 |
| CHEMBL4128407 | 0 | 1 |
| CHEMBL5182436 | 0 | 1 |