Pilarowski-Bjornsson syndrome

disease
On this page

Also known as PILBOS

Summary

Pilarowski-Bjornsson syndrome (MONDO:0060568) is a disease caused by CHD1 (GenCC Strong), with 2 cohort genes.

At a glance

  • Prevalence: <1 / 1 000 000 (Worldwide) [Orphanet-validated]
  • Causal gene: CHD1 (GenCC Strong)
  • Cohort genes: 2
  • ClinVar variants: 87
  • Phenotypes (HPO): 19

Clinical features

Epidemiology

Prevalence records

2 prevalence record(s), Orphanet:

TypeClassValueGeographyValidation
Cases/families5WorldwideValidated
Point prevalence<1 / 1 000 000WorldwideValidated

Signs & symptoms

Clinical features (HPO)

19 HPO clinical features (Orphanet curated; top 19 by frequency):

HPO IDTermFrequency
HP:0001263Global developmental delayVery frequent (80-99%)
HP:0001290Generalized hypotoniaVery frequent (80-99%)
HP:0000307Pointed chinFrequent (30-79%)
HP:0000494Downslanted palpebral fissuresFrequent (30-79%)
HP:0000574Thick eyebrowFrequent (30-79%)
HP:0001249Intellectual disabilityFrequent (30-79%)
HP:0002007Frontal bossingFrequent (30-79%)
HP:0007874Almond-shaped palpebral fissureFrequent (30-79%)
HP:0010648Dermal translucencyFrequent (30-79%)
HP:0011098Speech apraxiaFrequent (30-79%)
HP:0011800Midface retrusionFrequent (30-79%)
HP:0012393AllergyFrequent (30-79%)
HP:0000256MacrocephalyOccasional (5-29%)
HP:0000729Autistic behaviorOccasional (5-29%)
HP:0000733Abnormal repetitive mannerismsOccasional (5-29%)
HP:0001211Abnormal fingertip morphologyOccasional (5-29%)
HP:0001250SeizureOccasional (5-29%)
HP:0002721ImmunodeficiencyOccasional (5-29%)
HP:0008897Postnatal growth retardationOccasional (5-29%)

Identifiers

Disease identifiers

FieldValue
Canonical namePilarowski-Bjornsson syndrome
Mondo IDMONDO:0060568
OMIM617682
Orphanet529965
UMLSC4540131
MedGen1619150
GARD0017970
Is cancer (heuristic)no

Also known as: Pilarowski-Bjornsson syndrome · PILBOS

Data availability: 87 ClinVar variants · 4 GenCC gene-disease records.

Disease family

Classification path: disease › human disease › disease by etiologic mechanism › disease of genetic or genomic mechanism › hereditary disease › autosomal genetic disease › autosomal dominant disease › Pilarowski-Bjornsson syndrome

Related subtypes (191): autosomal dominant polycystic liver disease, cerebral arteriopathy, autosomal dominant, with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy, type 1, tuberous sclerosis, Treacher-Collins syndrome, hereditary breast ovarian cancer syndrome, autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease, Lynch syndrome, branchio-oto-renal syndrome, autosomal dominant Aarskog syndrome, acroosteolysis dominant type, ADULT syndrome, autosomal dominant Alport syndrome, amelogenesis imperfecta type 1B, Townes-Brocks syndrome, nevoid basal cell carcinoma syndrome, blepharophimosis, ptosis, and epicanthus inversus syndrome, autosomal dominant brachyolmia, branchiooculofacial syndrome, pheochromocytoma/paraganglioma syndrome 4, cataract-aberrant oral frenula-growth delay syndrome, cherubism, autosomal dominant chondrodysplasia punctata, autosomal dominant popliteal pterygium syndrome, blepharocheilodontic syndrome, cochleosaccular degeneration-cataract syndrome, renal coloboma syndrome, Beare-Stevenson cutis gyrata syndrome, autosomal dominant vibratory urticaria, neurohypophyseal diabetes insipidus, autosomal dominant Kenny-Caffey syndrome, Rapp-Hodgkin syndrome, Ehlers-Danlos syndrome, classic type, autosomal dominant Ehlers-Danlos syndrome, vascular type, multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1, Coffin-Siris syndrome 1, isolated congenital adermatoglyphia, Flynn-Aird syndrome, Frasier syndrome, hand-foot-genital syndrome, Holt-Oram syndrome, hyperkeratosis-hyperpigmentation syndrome, autosomal dominant ichthyosis vulgaris, hyper-IgE recurrent infection syndrome 1, autosomal dominant, autosomal dominant keratitis, autosomal dominant keratitis-ichthyosis-hearing loss syndrome, LADD syndrome, trichorhinophalangeal syndrome type II, Noonan syndrome with multiple lentigines, microcephaly with or without chorioretinopathy, lymphedema, or intellectual disability, Marfan syndrome, melanoma, cutaneous malignant, susceptibility to, 2, autosomal dominant primary microcephaly, autosomal dominant progressive external ophthalmoplegia, monilethrix, Muir-Torre syndrome, autosomal dominant myoglobinuria, autosomal dominant centronuclear myopathy, nail-patella syndrome, multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2B, autosomal dominant omodysplasia, pheochromocytoma/paraganglioma syndrome 1, Pelger-Huet anomaly, multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2A, piebaldism, autosomal dominant medullary cystic kidney disease with or without hyperuricemia, generalized juvenile polyposis/juvenile polyposis coli, juvenile polyposis/hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia syndrome, Peutz-Jeghers syndrome, contractures, pterygia, and spondylocarpotarsal fusion syndrome 1A, autosomal dominant distal renal tubular acidosis, retinoschisis, autosomal dominant, autosomal dominant Robinow syndrome, scapuloperoneal spinal muscular atrophy, autosomal dominant, autosomal dominant sideroblastic anemia, spondyloepiphyseal dysplasia tarda, autosomal dominant, proximal symphalangism, calcaneonavicular coalition, thanatophoric dysplasia type 1, trichorhinophalangeal syndrome type I, Muckle-Wells syndrome, autosomal dominant hypophosphatemic rickets, von Hippel-Lindau disease, Denys-Drash syndrome, autosomal dominant severe congenital neutropenia, Costello syndrome, EEC syndrome, multiple cutaneous and mucosal venous malformations, diffuse nonepidermolytic palmoplantar keratoderma, Timothy syndrome, pheochromocytoma/paraganglioma syndrome 2, spondyloepimetaphyseal dysplasia with multiple dislocations, Brooke-Spiegler syndrome, macrocephaly-autism syndrome, pheochromocytoma/paraganglioma syndrome 3, Duane-radial ray syndrome, PCWH syndrome, heart-hand syndrome, Slovenian type, congenital stationary night blindness autosomal dominant 3, mandibulofacial dysostosis-microcephaly syndrome, multiple endocrine neoplasia type 4, juvenile cataract-microcornea-renal glucosuria syndrome, Crouzon syndrome-acanthosis nigricans syndrome, Birk-Barel syndrome, thrombophilia due to protein S deficiency, autosomal dominant, dyskeratosis congenita, autosomal dominant 2, dyskeratosis congenita, autosomal dominant 3, colorectal cancer, hereditary nonpolyposis, type 6, colorectal cancer, hereditary nonpolyposis, type 7, brain small vessel disease 2A, autosomal dominant, intellectual disability, autosomal dominant 14, intellectual disability, autosomal dominant 15, intellectual disability, autosomal dominant 16, hypopigmentation-punctate palmoplantar keratoderma syndrome, intellectual disability-facial dysmorphism syndrome due to SETD5 haploinsufficiency, postaxial polydactyly-anterior pituitary anomalies-facial dysmorphism syndrome, intellectual developmental disorder with microcephaly and with or without ocular malformations or hypogonadotropic hypogonadism, intellectual disability, autosomal dominant 29, intellectual disability, autosomal dominant 30, Houge-Janssens syndrome 2, severe achondroplasia-developmental delay-acanthosis nigricans syndrome, dyskeratosis congenita, autosomal dominant 6, epidermolysis bullosa simplex 6, generalized, with scarring and hair loss, autosomal dominant complex spastic paraplegia, early-onset autosomal dominant Alzheimer disease, muscular dystrophy, limb-girdle, autosomal dominant, Feingold syndrome, Carney complex, neuronopathy, distal hereditary motor, autosomal dominant, autosomal dominant coarctation of aorta, autosomal dominant spondylocostal dysostosis, autosomal dominant hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia, Cowden disease, autosomal dominant distal myopathy, autosomal dominant rhegmatogenous retinal detachment, palmoplantar keratoderma-spastic paralysis syndrome, Alagille syndrome due to a JAG1 point mutation, PTEN hamartoma tumor syndrome, gastric adenocarcinoma and proximal polyposis of the stomach, autosomal dominant proximal renal tubular acidosis, autosomal dominant spastic ataxia, Waardenburg syndrome, hereditary retinoblastoma, autosomal dominant hypocalcemia, Li-Fraumeni syndrome, Loeys-Dietz syndrome, hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia, hereditary inclusion body myopathy-joint contractures-ophthalmoplegia syndrome, microcephalic osteodysplastic dysplasia, Saul-Wilson type, autosomal dominant intermediate Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease, autosomal dominant cutis laxa, autosomal dominant nonsyndromic hearing loss, autosomal dominant optic atrophy, autosomal dominant Emery-Dreifuss muscular dystrophy, autosomal dominant cerebellar ataxia, autosomal dominant osteopetrosis, autosomal dominant epidermolytic ichthyosis, ventricular arrhythmias due to cardiac ryanodine receptor calcium release deficiency syndrome, distal arthrogryposis type 2B1, neurofibromatosis, autosomal dominant cataract, arthrogryposis, distal, type 2B2, arthrogryposis, distal, type 2B3, Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease, demyelinating, type 1G, Delpire-McNeill syndrome, LAMA5-related multisystemic syndrome, autosomal dominant oculocutaneous albinism, Charcot-Marie-tooth disease, axonal, type 2DD, intellectual disability, autosomal dominant, fatty acyl-CoA reductase 1 upregulation, GUCY2D-related dominant retinopathy, RPE65-related dominant retinopathy, autosomal dominant titinopathy, NOG-related symphalangism spectrum disorder, ALPL-related autosomal dominant hypophosphatasia, MYH10-related neurodevelopmental disorder with congenital anomalies, spastic paraplegia 30A, autosomal dominant, TMEM127-related tumor predisposition, MAX-related tumor predisposition, BMPR1A-related juvenile polyposis syndrome, RP1-related dominant retinopathy, Birt-Hogg-Dube syndrome, inclusion body myopathy and brain white matter abnormalities, KINSSHIP syndrome, autosomal dominant nebulin-related myopathy, IMPG1-related dominant retinopathy, PROM1-related dominant retinopathy, PURA-related severe neonatal hypotonia-seizures-encephalopathy syndrome, ALG8-related autosomal dominant polycystic kidney and/or liver disease, NOTCH1-related AOS spectrum disorder, FLNB-associated autosomal dominant filamin related bone disorder, familial antiphospholipid syndrome

Genetics & variants

GWAS landscape

No GWAS associations recorded — common-variant (GWAS) studies don’t cover this disease (typical for Mendelian / rare diseases). See the curated gene cohort and Mendelian overlap below.

Variant details and genetic-evidence tiers

ClinVar germline variants

87 retrieved; paginated sample, class counts are floors:

69 uncertain significance, 7 likely pathogenic, 4 conflicting classifications of pathogenicity, 2 likely benign, 2 pathogenic, 2 benign/likely benign, 1 pathogenic/likely pathogenic

ClinVarVariant (HGVS)GeneClassificationReview
438819NM_001270.4(CHD1):c.1853G>A (p.Arg618Gln)CHD1Pathogenicno assertion criteria provided
438821NM_001270.4(CHD1):c.1379G>A (p.Arg460Lys)CHD1Pathogenicno assertion criteria provided
635543NM_000091.5(COL4A3):c.3575G>A (p.Gly1192Glu)COL4A3Pathogenic/Likely pathogeniccriteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts
1710449NM_001270.4(CHD1):c.1978A>G (p.Ile660Val)CHD1Likely pathogeniccriteria provided, single submitter
2429179NM_001270.4(CHD1):c.3133G>A (p.Glu1045Lys)CHD1Likely pathogeniccriteria provided, single submitter
2442344NM_001270.4(CHD1):c.643dup (p.Ser215fs)CHD1Likely pathogeniccriteria provided, single submitter
2582374NM_001270.4(CHD1):c.2569-11A>GCHD1Likely pathogeniccriteria provided, single submitter
3065580NM_001270.4(CHD1):c.490del (p.Ser164fs)CHD1Likely pathogeniccriteria provided, single submitter
3254730NM_001270.4(CHD1):c.2112dup (p.Ser705fs)CHD1Likely pathogeniccriteria provided, single submitter
4819013NM_001270.4(CHD1):c.1101del (p.Pro368fs)CHD1Likely pathogeniccriteria provided, single submitter
1341810NM_001270.4(CHD1):c.3998A>G (p.Lys1333Arg)CHD1Conflicting classifications of pathogenicitycriteria provided, conflicting classifications
1801360NM_001270.4(CHD1):c.4886C>G (p.Ser1629Cys)CHD1Conflicting classifications of pathogenicitycriteria provided, conflicting classifications
2439964NM_001270.4(CHD1):c.2964+3A>GCHD1Conflicting classifications of pathogenicitycriteria provided, conflicting classifications
2655615NM_001270.4(CHD1):c.2896T>G (p.Ser966Ala)CHD1Conflicting classifications of pathogenicitycriteria provided, conflicting classifications
1027854NM_001270.4(CHD1):c.205T>C (p.Ser69Pro)CHD1Uncertain significancecriteria provided, single submitter
1027855NM_001270.4(CHD1):c.3335G>T (p.Arg1112Leu)CHD1Uncertain significancecriteria provided, single submitter
1027856NM_001270.4(CHD1):c.4551G>T (p.Leu1517Phe)CHD1Uncertain significancecriteria provided, single submitter
1027857NM_001270.4(CHD1):c.4792T>C (p.Tyr1598His)CHD1Uncertain significancecriteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts
1031943NM_001270.4(CHD1):c.271C>T (p.Pro91Ser)CHD1Uncertain significancecriteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts
1031944NM_001270.4(CHD1):c.4427+17T>GCHD1Uncertain significancecriteria provided, single submitter
1033800NM_001270.4(CHD1):c.242T>C (p.Val81Ala)CHD1Uncertain significancecriteria provided, single submitter
1213798NM_001270.4(CHD1):c.4850C>G (p.Ser1617Ter)CHD1Uncertain significancecriteria provided, single submitter
1342472NM_001270.4(CHD1):c.735_738delinsGGAT (p.Asp245_Glu246delinsGluAsp)CHD1Uncertain significancecriteria provided, single submitter
1679616NM_001270.4(CHD1):c.4976G>C (p.Arg1659Thr)CHD1Uncertain significancecriteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts
1699359NM_001270.4(CHD1):c.2353C>T (p.Arg785Cys)CHD1Uncertain significancecriteria provided, single submitter
1699377NM_001270.4(CHD1):c.3571+5C>TCHD1Uncertain significancecriteria provided, single submitter
1705503NM_001270.4(CHD1):c.461C>T (p.Ser154Leu)CHD1Uncertain significancecriteria provided, single submitter
1709126NM_001270.4(CHD1):c.2042A>G (p.Tyr681Cys)CHD1Uncertain significancecriteria provided, single submitter
1710279NM_001270.4(CHD1):c.1493A>G (p.Lys498Arg)CHD1Uncertain significanceno assertion criteria provided
1805196NM_001270.4(CHD1):c.3547A>G (p.Ser1183Gly)CHD1Uncertain significancecriteria provided, single submitter

Genes & proteins

Mendelian disease overlap and somatic drivers

GenCC: 5 · Orphanet: 5 · OMIM-shared: 0 · Dual-evidence (GWAS+Mendelian): 0

GenCC gene–disease validity (cohort genes)

the Disease column is the GenCC-asserted condition — a cohort gene’s strongest validity may be for a related predisposition syndrome.

GeneClassificationInheritanceDiseaseRecords
CHD1StrongAutosomal dominantPilarowski-Bjornsson syndrome5

Orphanet rare-disease linkage (cohort genes)

GeneOrphanet IDRare disease
CHD1Orphanet:529965Intellectual disability-autism-speech apraxia-craniofacial dysmorphism syndrome
COL4A3Orphanet:653722Digenic Alport syndrome
COL4A3Orphanet:656Hereditary steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome
COL4A3Orphanet:88918Autosomal dominant Alport syndrome
COL4A3Orphanet:88919Autosomal recessive Alport syndrome

Cohort genes → proteins

2 cohort genes, 2 distinct canonical proteins.

Evidence partition

SubsetGenes
multi_evidence2

Cohort genes (full)

SymbolHGNCEnsemblUniProtNameEvidence
CHD1HGNC:1915ENSG00000153922O14646ATP-dependent chromatin remodeler CHD1gencc,clinvar
COL4A3HGNC:2204ENSG00000169031Q01955Collagen alpha-3(IV) chainclinvar

Cohort function summary

Lead sentence per gene, UniProt-curated.

SymbolProtein nameFunction (lead sentence)
CHD1ATP-dependent chromatin remodeler CHD1ATP-dependent chromatin-remodeling factor which functions as substrate recognition component of the transcription regulatory histone acetylation (HAT) complex SAGA.
COL4A3Collagen alpha-3(IV) chainType IV collagen is the major structural component of glomerular basement membranes (GBM), forming a ‘chicken-wire’ meshwork together with laminins, proteoglycans and entactin/nidogen.

Protein-family classification

Druggable: 0 · Difficult: 0 · Unknown: 2 · Druggable fraction: 0.0

Family distribution

Cohort families vs a genome-wide background (hypergeometric, BH-FDR; fold = observed/expected). Counts kept; sorted by enrichment, so the catch-all Other/Unknown bucket no longer leads.

FamilyGenesFoldFDR
Other/Unknown21.8×0.312

Per-gene assignment

SymbolFamilyDruggable?ECInterPro (top 3)
CHD1Other/UnknownnoSNF2_N, Chromo/chromo_shadow_dom, Helicase_C-like
COL4A3Other/UnknownnoCollagen_IV_NC, Collagen, CTDL_fold

Expression context

Cohort genes with no expression data: 0.

2 cohort genes are a single-cell marker in ≥1 SCXA experiment.

Breadth distribution (Bgee present_calls)

BucketGenes
narrow (1-5 tissues)0
moderate (6-20)0
broad (>20)2
unknown0

Top tissues across cohort

TissueCohort genes
adrenal tissue1
calcaneal tendon1
cauda epididymis1
pigmented layer of retina1
retina1
skeletal muscle tissue of biceps brachii1

Per-gene tissue summary (top 30)

SymbolBgee breadthFANTOM5 breadthSCXATop tissues
CHD1291ubiquitousmarkercalcaneal tendon, cauda epididymis, adrenal tissue
COL4A3233broadmarkerskeletal muscle tissue of biceps brachii, pigmented layer of retina, retina

Protein interactions among cohort

Intra-cohort edges: 0.

Hub genes (top 10 by interactor count)

SymbolInteractor count
CHD14,224
COL4A31,671

Structural data

PDB: 2 · AlphaFold-only: 0 · No structure: 0

Cohort genes with PDB structures (top 30)

SymbolUniProtPDB entries
CHD1O1464618
COL4A3Q019552

Function

Pathway analysis

Distinct Reactome pathways touched by cohort: 16. Enrichment computed across 2 evidence-associated genes (2 with Reactome annotation).

Pathways by enrichment

Over-representation of cohort genes vs the genome-wide background (hypergeometric test, Benjamini-Hochberg FDR; fold = observed/expected over 2 annotated cohort genes). Counts and members are kept as ground-truth; sorted by enrichment.

PathwayCohort genesFoldFDRSample cohort genes
Anchoring fibril formation1380.7×0.016COL4A3
Fibronectin matrix formation1285.5×0.016COL4A3
Crosslinking of collagen fibrils1285.5×0.016COL4A3
Attachment of bacteria to epithelial cells1248.3×0.016COL4A3
Laminin interactions1190.3×0.016COL4A3
Collagen chain trimerization1129.8×0.016COL4A3
Signaling by PDGF1126.9×0.016COL4A3
NCAM1 interactions1124.1×0.016COL4A3
Assembly of collagen fibrils and other multimeric structures1100.2×0.016COL4A3
Collagen degradation187.8×0.016COL4A3
Collagen biosynthesis and modifying enzymes185.2×0.016COL4A3
Non-integrin membrane-ECM interactions177.2×0.016COL4A3
ECM proteoglycans175.1×0.016COL4A3
Integrin cell surface interactions167.2×0.017COL4A3
CHD1 and CHD2 subfamily154.4×0.020CHD1
Estrogen-dependent gene expression137.8×0.026CHD1

GO biological processes by enrichment

Over-representation of cohort genes vs the genome-wide background (hypergeometric test, Benjamini-Hochberg FDR; fold = observed/expected over 2 annotated cohort genes). Counts and members are kept as ground-truth; sorted by enrichment.

GO termCohort genesFoldFDRSample cohort genes
negative regulation of vascular endothelial cell proliferation11685.2×0.004COL4A3
nucleosome organization11404.3×0.004CHD1
glomerular basement membrane development1766.0×0.004COL4A3
collagen-activated tyrosine kinase receptor signaling pathway1648.1×0.004COL4A3
endothelial cell apoptotic process1648.1×0.004COL4A3
host-mediated activation of viral transcription1443.5×0.005CHD1
collagen fibril organization1112.3×0.016COL4A3
negative regulation of angiogenesis184.3×0.019COL4A3
sensory perception of sound150.5×0.028COL4A3
chromatin remodeling136.5×0.035CHD1
cell surface receptor signaling pathway132.0×0.037COL4A3
negative regulation of cell population proliferation121.1×0.051COL4A3
cell adhesion118.7×0.053COL4A3

Therapeutics

Drug target analysis

Approved (phase 4): 0 · Phase ≥3: 0 · Phased (≥1): 0 · Undrugged: 2

Druggability breadth: 2 of 2 evidence-associated genes (100%) have a ChEMBL target (buckets above are over the deeply-mined display cohort).

Top cohort targets by molecule count

SymbolMoleculesMax phase
CHD100
COL4A300

Bioactivity and enzyme data

Enzyme cohort genes (≥1 EC): 0.

Cohort genes with ChEMBL bioactivity (full, sorted by assay count)

SymbolAssaysType breakdown
CHD15Binding:5

Pharmacogenomics

Cohort genes with a PharmGKB record: 2; with CPIC/DPWG dosing guidelines: 0.

No cohort gene has a CPIC/DPWG genotype-guided dosing guideline (PharmGKB).

Chemical tractability of cohort targets

0 approved/phased compounds have measured bioactivity against a cohort gene (and aren’t yet in disease-level trials). This is a research / tractability signal, NOT a therapeutic recommendation — a bioactivity row often reflects off-target or screening binding (e.g. promiscuous kinase inhibitors against a cohort kinase), implying no disease mechanism.

Druggability pyramid

Cohort genes binned by druggability tier (high → low):

TierDefinitionGenesSymbols
AApproved (phase 4 drug)0
BPhased (≥1) drug, not yet approved0
CDruggable family + PDB, no drug0
DDruggable family + AlphaFold only, no drug0
EDifficult family or no structure, no drug2CHD1, COL4A3

Undrugged target profiles

2 cohort genes are undrugged. Ranked by ‘starting-point quality’ (assay depth + drugged-partner adjacency).

SymbolChEMBL assaysDrugged partners (top 3)
CHD15
COL4A30

Clinical trials & evidence

Clinical trials

Clinical trials: 0.