Poisoning
disease diseaseOn this page
Also known as Poisonings
Summary
Poisoning (MONDO:0029000) is a disease (an umbrella term covering 59 Mondo subtypes) with 54 GWAS associations across 85 studies and 24 clinical trials. Top therapeutic interventions include chlorpheniramine, acetaminophen, and ranitidine. A subtype of disease of primarily extrinsic mechanism — broader associated-gene and molecular evidence is on the parent page (see Disease family below).
At a glance
- Umbrella term: 59 Mondo subtypes
- GWAS associations: 54
- Clinical trials: 24
Clinical features
No curated clinical features (Orphanet) for this disease.
Identifiers
Disease identifiers
| Field | Value |
|---|---|
| Canonical name | poisoning |
| Mondo ID | MONDO:0029000 |
| EFO | EFO:0008546 |
| MeSH | D011041 |
| SNOMED CT | 75478009 |
| Is cancer (heuristic) | no |
Also known as: Poisonings
Data availability: 54 GWAS associations (85 studies).
Disease family
An umbrella term covering 59 Mondo subtypes.
Classification path: disease › human disease › disease by etiologic mechanism › disease of primarily extrinsic mechanism › poisoning
Related subtypes (6): infectious disease, post-infectious disorder, radiation-induced disorder, iatrogenic disease, occupational disorder, disease related to transplantation
Subtypes (59): toxic oil syndrome, infantile mercury poisoning, ketamine-induced biliary dilatation, manganese poisoning, cyanide-induced parkinsonism, colchicine poisoning, methanol poisoning, ethylene glycol poisoning, paraquat poisoning, lead poisoning, mercury poisoning, acute opioid poisoning, acute tricyclic antidepressant poisoning, acute poisoning by drugs with membrane-stabilizing effect, snakebite envenomation, paracetamol poisoning, cyanide poisoning, scorpion envenomation, argyria, acute ackee fruit intoxication, cocaine intoxication, systemic monochloroacetate poisoning, water intoxication, cassavism, formaldehyde poisoning, heavy metal poisoning, abacavir toxicity, allopurinol toxicity, codeine toxicity, efavirenz toxicity, flucloxacilline toxicity, isoniazid toxicity, raltegravir toxicity, voriconazole toxicity, curariform drugs toxicity, statin toxicity, phenytoin or carbamazepine toxicity, letrozole toxicity, ricin poisoning, ivermectin toxicity, belinostat toxicity or dose selection, toxicity to dolutegravir, mycotoxicosis, ciguatera fish poisoning, lathyrism, cadmium poisoning, phenytoin toxicity, nerve agent poisoning, local anesthetic poisoning, fire ant poisoning, aflatoxicosis, black widow spider envenomation, platinum-induced ototoxicity, carbon monoxide poisoning, organophosphate poisoning, sulfur mustard poisoning, cardiac glycoside intoxication, monochloroacetic acid poisoning, chemotherapy-induced toxicity
Genetics & variants
GWAS landscape
54 GWAS associations across 85 studies. Top hits map to 28 distinct genes (as reported by GWAS).
Top associations by p-value
| rsID | p-value | Gene | Risk allele | Odds ratio |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| rs192111313 | 1e-15 | PCAT19 | C | 3.45 |
| rs193257123 | 9e-15 | FOXP1 | C | 3.64 |
| rs550429883 | 2e-14 | LRRTM4 - RPL38P2 | T | 2.97 |
| rs867413481 | 8e-14 | LEP - RBM28 | T | 2.83 |
| rs150218595 | 9e-14 | NALCN-AS1 | T | 2.28 |
| rs146628881 | 3e-13 | SCARF2 | G | 3.75 |
| rs577682666 | 3e-13 | FAM136A - BRD7P6 | T | 2.98 |
| rs200742383 | 3e-13 | TMEM270 | G | 2.15 |
| rs201522258 | 5e-13 | DNAJC21 | G | 2.99 |
| rs145572115 | 5e-13 | ELAVL2 - IZUMO3 | A | 3.27 |
| rs148029789 | 5e-13 | FAM3C | C | 3.15 |
| rs560688738 | 6e-13 | LINC02698 | C | 4.03 |
| rs183914980 | 1e-12 | LINC01060 | C | 3.9 |
| rs534664200 | 2e-12 | OLFM1 - LINC02907 | G | 3.12 |
| rs555666705 | 2e-12 | IGLV3-19 - IGLV2-18 | G | 2.98 |
| rs551810881 | 3e-12 | UBAC2 | G | 3.19 |
| rs187195230 | 4e-12 | DDX10 | G | 2.02 |
| rs182491577 | 4e-12 | SORCS1 - RNA5SP326 | A | 3.16 |
| rs185046241 | 5e-12 | LINC02577 | G | 3.68 |
| rs756323905 | 5e-12 | MTND4P33 | G | 2.7 |
| rs916221002 | 6e-12 | MPDZ | T | 2.43 |
| rs139125765 | 6e-12 | COL18A1 | G | 3.58 |
| rs917921844 | 7e-12 | DLG2 | T | 3.3 |
| rs534500461 | 7e-12 | NUS1P2 - HMGA1P6 | A | 2.59 |
| rs185351578 | 7e-12 | LINC01418 | G | 4.36 |
| rs190867779 | 8e-12 | FTH1P13 - YBX1P1 | G | 3.9 |
| rs553421995 | 9e-12 | MTX3 | C | 2.52 |
| rs77226380 | 9e-12 | PRDM2 - KAZN | G | 3.09 |
| rs544286784 | 9e-12 | SEC61G-DT | C | 2.81 |
| rs186922141 | 1e-11 | GABRG3 | G | 2.92 |
Top studies (by case count)
| Study | Lead author | Year | Cases | Controls | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| GCST90436875 | Zhou W | 2018 | 18,430 | 381,797 | Efficiently controlling for case-control imbalance and sample relatedness in large-scale genetic association studies. |
| GCST90436884 | Zhou W | 2018 | 6,910 | 381,797 | Efficiently controlling for case-control imbalance and sample relatedness in large-scale genetic association studies. |
| GCST90081050 | Backman JD | 2021 | 2,026 | 384,627 | Exome sequencing and analysis of 454,787 UK Biobank participants. |
| GCST90085036 | Backman JD | 2021 | 2,026 | 384,627 | Exome sequencing and analysis of 454,787 UK Biobank participants. |
| GCST90436890 | Zhou W | 2018 | 1,940 | 381,797 | Efficiently controlling for case-control imbalance and sample relatedness in large-scale genetic association studies. |
| GCST90081061 | Backman JD | 2021 | 1,778 | 379,361 | Exome sequencing and analysis of 454,787 UK Biobank participants. |
| GCST90085047 | Backman JD | 2021 | 1,778 | 379,361 | Exome sequencing and analysis of 454,787 UK Biobank participants. |
| GCST90081060 | Backman JD | 2021 | 1,659 | 380,109 | Exome sequencing and analysis of 454,787 UK Biobank participants. |
| GCST90085046 | Backman JD | 2021 | 1,659 | 380,109 | Exome sequencing and analysis of 454,787 UK Biobank participants. |
| GCST90081048 | Backman JD | 2021 | 1,576 | 386,288 | Exome sequencing and analysis of 454,787 UK Biobank participants. |
Variant details and genetic-evidence tiers
Tier distribution (top 50 variants)
| Tier | Variants |
|---|---|
| Tier 1: coding | 0 |
| Tier 2: splice/UTR | 1 |
| Tier 3: regulatory | 0 |
| Tier 4: intronic/intergenic | 49 |
MAF distribution
| Bucket | Variants |
|---|---|
| common (>=0.05) | 0 |
| low_freq (0.01-0.05) | 0 |
| rare (<0.01) | 50 |
| unknown | 0 |
Functional consequences
| Consequence | Count |
|---|---|
| intron_variant | 31 |
| intergenic_variant | 15 |
| non_coding_transcript_exon_variant | 2 |
| 3_prime_UTR_variant | 1 |
| synonymous_variant | 1 |
Top variants
| rsID | Chr | Pos | Alleles | MAF | Consequence | Gene | p-value | Tier |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| rs192111313 | 19 | 41451996 | C>A,T | 0 | intron_variant | PCAT19 | 1e-15 | Tier 4: intronic/intergenic |
| rs193257123 | 3 | 71313204 | C>T | 0 | intron_variant | FOXP1 | 9e-15 | Tier 4: intronic/intergenic |
| rs550429883 | 2 | 77686311 | T>A,G | 0.001 | intron_variant | LRRTM4 - RPL38P2 | 2e-14 | Tier 4: intronic/intergenic |
| rs867413481 | 7 | 128269885 | T>C | 0.001 | intergenic_variant | LEP - RBM28 | 8e-14 | Tier 4: intronic/intergenic |
| rs150218595 | 13 | 100893658 | T>A,C | 0.001 | intron_variant | NALCN-AS1 | 9e-14 | Tier 4: intronic/intergenic |
| rs146628881 | 22 | 20424926 | G>A,C,T | 0 | 3_prime_UTR_variant | SCARF2 | 3e-13 | Tier 2: splice/UTR |
| rs577682666 | 2 | 70335673 | T>A | 0 | intergenic_variant | FAM136A - BRD7P6 | 3e-13 | Tier 4: intronic/intergenic |
| rs200742383 | 7 | 73865822 | G>A,T | 0.001 | synonymous_variant | TMEM270 | 3e-13 | Tier 4: intronic/intergenic |
| rs201522258 | 5 | 34944849 | G>A,C | 0.001 | intron_variant | DNAJC21 | 5e-13 | Tier 4: intronic/intergenic |
| rs145572115 | 9 | 24381677 | A>G | 0 | intergenic_variant | ELAVL2 - IZUMO3 | 5e-13 | Tier 4: intronic/intergenic |
| rs148029789 | 7 | 121364562 | C>T | 0 | intron_variant | FAM3C | 5e-13 | Tier 4: intronic/intergenic |
| rs560688738 | 11 | 115678077 | C>A,T | 0 | intron_variant | LINC02698 | 6e-13 | Tier 4: intronic/intergenic |
| rs183914980 | 4 | 188564548 | C>T | 0 | intron_variant | LINC01060 | 1e-12 | Tier 4: intronic/intergenic |
| rs534664200 | 9 | 135124349 | G>A,C,T | 0.001 | intergenic_variant | OLFM1 - LINC02907 | 2e-12 | Tier 4: intronic/intergenic |
| rs555666705 | 22 | 22730362 | G>A | 0.001 | intergenic_variant | IGLV3-19 - IGLV2-18 | 2e-12 | Tier 4: intronic/intergenic |
| rs551810881 | 13 | 99383799 | G>A | 0.001 | intron_variant | UBAC2 | 3e-12 | Tier 4: intronic/intergenic |
| rs187195230 | 11 | 108939072 | G>A | 0.001 | intron_variant | DDX10 | 4e-12 | Tier 4: intronic/intergenic |
| rs182491577 | 10 | 107374836 | A>G | 0.001 | intergenic_variant | SORCS1 - RNA5SP326 | 4e-12 | Tier 4: intronic/intergenic |
| rs185046241 | 7 | 106805676 | G>A | 0.001 | intron_variant | LINC02577 | 5e-12 | Tier 4: intronic/intergenic |
| rs756323905 | 14 | 84173191 | G>A | 0 | non_coding_transcript_exon_variant | MTND4P33 | 5e-12 | Tier 4: intronic/intergenic |
| rs916221002 | 9 | 13240981 | T>C | 0.001 | intron_variant | MPDZ | 6e-12 | Tier 4: intronic/intergenic |
| rs139125765 | 21 | 45471173 | G>A | 0 | intron_variant | COL18A1 | 6e-12 | Tier 4: intronic/intergenic |
| rs917921844 | 11 | 85031329 | T>G | 0 | intron_variant | DLG2 | 7e-12 | Tier 4: intronic/intergenic |
| rs534500461 | 13 | 23024914 | A>G | 0.002 | intron_variant | NUS1P2 - HMGA1P6 | 7e-12 | Tier 4: intronic/intergenic |
| rs185351578 | 15 | 81919840 | G>A,C | 0.001 | intergenic_variant | LINC01418 | 7e-12 | Tier 4: intronic/intergenic |
| rs190867779 | 14 | 65996447 | G>A,C | 0 | intron_variant | FTH1P13 - YBX1P1 | 8e-12 | Tier 4: intronic/intergenic |
| rs553421995 | 5 | 79991071 | C>A | 0 | intron_variant | MTX3 | 9e-12 | Tier 4: intronic/intergenic |
| rs77226380 | 1 | 13844057 | G>A,T | 0.001 | intron_variant | PRDM2 - KAZN | 9e-12 | Tier 4: intronic/intergenic |
| rs544286784 | 7 | 54788336 | C>G,T | 0 | intron_variant | SEC61G-DT | 9e-12 | Tier 4: intronic/intergenic |
| rs186922141 | 15 | 27260944 | G>A | 0 | intron_variant | GABRG3 | 1e-11 | Tier 4: intronic/intergenic |
Genes & proteins
No associated-gene cohort resolved for this disease. Atlas builds the molecular and therapeutic sections — associated genes, protein families, druggability, pathways, interactions, and drug associations — by aggregating over a disease’s associated genes (resolved via GWAS / GenCC / ClinVar / CIViC), and none resolved here. This is expected for antibody-mediated, autoimmune, or otherwise non-gene-defined conditions; the curated evidence for this disease is its clinical features, GWAS susceptibility, and clinical trials (above).
Function
No pathway enrichment — requires an associated-gene cohort.
Therapeutics
Drugs indicated or in trials for this disease
2 approved drugs — disease-direct ChEMBL indications, not inferred from the associated-gene cohort below.
| Drug | Status |
|---|---|
| Atropine | Approved (phase 4) |
| Hydroxocobalamin | Approved (phase 4) |
3 drugs in clinical trials for this disease (phase 2–3, investigational): efficacy not established — a trial record, not an indication.
| Drug | Highest phase |
|---|---|
| Magnesium Sulfate Anhydrous | Phase 3 |
| Nimodipine | Phase 3 |
| Levocarnitine | Phase 2 |
Clinical trials & evidence
Clinical trials
Clinical trials: 24.
Phase distribution (across all retrieved trials)
| Phase | Trials |
|---|---|
| Not specified | 21 |
| PHASE2 | 2 |
| PHASE3 | 1 |
Top trials by phase / activity
| NCT | Phase | Status | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| NCT04653597 | PHASE3 | COMPLETED | Non-invasive Airway Management of Comatose Poisoned Emergency Patients |
| NCT06316362 | PHASE2 | COMPLETED | Efficacy of SMOF Lipid in the Management of Acute Poisoning With Carbamazepine |
| NCT06413589 | PHASE2 | COMPLETED | Efficacy of SMOF Lipid in the Management of Acute Poisoning With Clozapine |
| NCT03640143 | Not specified | NOT_YET_RECRUITING | Effectiveness of Environmental Measures to Eliminate the Risks of Lead Exposure in Infant Lead Poisoning |
| NCT06447584 | Not specified | RECRUITING | Clinical Spectrum and Outcome of Poisoning in Children Admitted to the Pediatric Emergency and Intensive Care Units at Sohag University Hospital |
| NCT06798129 | Not specified | ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING | Effects of Extracorporeal Treatment in Patients With Acute Poisoning |
| NCT06926439 | Not specified | ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING | Prediction of Detoxification Effect of Fat Emulsion Based on Drug Diffusion Law |
| NCT07526220 | Not specified | NOT_YET_RECRUITING | Prognostic Factors in Critically Ill Patients Admitted After Caustic Ingestion in France |
| NCT00013754 | Not specified | COMPLETED | Pesticide Exposure Pathways for Farmworker Children |
| NCT00013767 | Not specified | COMPLETED | Community Based Prevention/Control Project |
| NCT00015600 | Not specified | COMPLETED | Community-Based Environmental Health Intervention |
| NCT00780078 | Not specified | COMPLETED | Clinical Evaluation of Swallowing Disorders as a Predictor of Extubation Failure |
| NCT01209455 | Not specified | COMPLETED | Mechanisms of N-acetylcysteine Mediated Vascular Adverse Effects |
| NCT02553070 | Not specified | COMPLETED | Health Professions Students and Faculty Perceptions of Poisoning Severity |
| NCT03314909 | Not specified | UNKNOWN | Initial Hemopurification Strategy for Acute Paraquat Poisoning in Adults |
| NCT03894306 | Not specified | WITHDRAWN | Understanding How Medication is Stored in the Home |
| NCT04217070 | Not specified | COMPLETED | Suicidal Poisoning in Emergency Units |
| NCT04729894 | Not specified | UNKNOWN | Evaluating the Impact of a Safe Medication Storage Device |
| NCT04850014 | Not specified | UNKNOWN | PBPK Modelling Applied to Acetaminophen Poisoned Obese Children |
| NCT05098418 | Not specified | UNKNOWN | Trends of Acute Intoxication in Poison Control Centre |
| NCT05148611 | Not specified | UNKNOWN | Application Registration Study of ILE in Patients With Acute Poisoning |
| NCT05185570 | Not specified | UNKNOWN | Prognosis of Elderly Patients With Acute Poisoning. |
| NCT05229419 | Not specified | COMPLETED | Pattern of Acute Pediatric Poisoning at Assiut University Hospitals |
| NCT05649891 | Not specified | UNKNOWN | Checklists Resuscitation Emergency Department |
Drugs tested across these trials (top 30)
| Molecule | Max phase | Trials referencing |
|---|---|---|
| CHLORPHENIRAMINE | 4 | 3 |
| ACETAMINOPHEN | 4 | 1 |
| RANITIDINE | 4 | 1 |
Related Atlas pages
- Drugs: Chlorpheniramine, Acetaminophen, Ranitidine