Scrub typhus

Summary

Scrub typhus (MONDO:0019365) is a disease and 10 clinical trials. Top therapeutic interventions include doxycycline anhydrous, azithromycin, and telithromycin. A subtype of typhus — broader associated-gene and molecular evidence is on the parent page (see Disease family below).

At a glance

• Prevalence: 1-9 / 100 000 (Korea, Republic of) [Orphanet-validated]
• Phenotypes (HPO): 27
• Clinical trials: 10

Clinical features

Epidemiology

Prevalence records

2 prevalence record(s), Orphanet:

Type	Class	Value	Geography	Validation
Point prevalence	1-9 / 100 000	7.2	Korea, Republic of	Validated
Point prevalence	1-9 / 1 000 000	0.3	Japan	Validated

Signs & symptoms

Clinical features (HPO)

27 HPO clinical features (Orphanet curated; top 27 by frequency):

HPO ID	Term	Frequency
HP:0000975	Hyperhidrosis	Very frequent (80-99%)
HP:0000988	Skin rash	Very frequent (80-99%)
HP:0001254	Lethargy	Very frequent (80-99%)
HP:0001945	Fever	Very frequent (80-99%)
HP:0003326	Myalgia	Very frequent (80-99%)
HP:0004372	Reduced consciousness/confusion	Very frequent (80-99%)
HP:0012735	Cough	Very frequent (80-99%)
HP:0000613	Photophobia	Frequent (30-79%)
HP:0002017	Nausea and vomiting	Frequent (30-79%)
HP:0002027	Abdominal pain	Frequent (30-79%)
HP:0002315	Headache	Frequent (30-79%)
HP:0002615	Hypotension	Frequent (30-79%)
HP:0002716	Lymphadenopathy	Frequent (30-79%)
HP:0012122	Anterior uveitis	Frequent (30-79%)
HP:0012733	Macule	Frequent (30-79%)
HP:0100758	Gangrene	Frequent (30-79%)
HP:0000083	Renal insufficiency	Occasional (5-29%)
HP:0000708	Atypical behavior	Occasional (5-29%)
HP:0001250	Seizure	Occasional (5-29%)
HP:0001287	Meningitis	Occasional (5-29%)
HP:0001337	Tremor	Occasional (5-29%)
HP:0001744	Splenomegaly	Occasional (5-29%)
HP:0001892	Abnormal bleeding	Occasional (5-29%)
HP:0002091	Restrictive ventilatory defect	Occasional (5-29%)
HP:0002094	Dyspnea	Occasional (5-29%)
HP:0002383	Infectious encephalitis	Occasional (5-29%)
HP:0012819	Myocarditis	Occasional (5-29%)

Identifiers

Disease identifiers

Field	Value
Canonical name	scrub typhus
Mondo ID	MONDO:0019365
EFO	EFO:0007480
MeSH	D012612
Orphanet	83317
DOID	DOID:13371
ICD-10-CM	A75.3
ICD-11	1695340384
SNOMED CT	271425001
UMLS	C0036472
MedGen	48591
GARD	0019035
MedDRA	10039766
Is cancer (heuristic)	no

Also known as: Japanese river fever · Kedani fever · scrub mite-borne typhus · tsutsugamushi · tsutsugamushi disease · tsutsugamushi fever

Disease family

This is a subtype of typhus. Genetic, therapeutic, and trial evidence is largely curated at the broader-term level — see the parent page for the associated-gene cohort and molecular evidence.

Classification path: disease › human disease › disease by etiologic mechanism › disease of primarily extrinsic mechanism › infectious disease › bacterial infectious disease › Rickettsiosis › Rickettsiaceae infectious disease › typhus › scrub typhus

Related subtypes (2): endemic typhus, epidemic louse-borne typhus

Genetics & variants

GWAS landscape

No GWAS associations recorded — common-variant (GWAS) studies don’t cover this disease (typical for Mendelian / rare diseases). See the curated gene cohort and Mendelian overlap below.

Variant details and genetic-evidence tiers

No tiered GWAS variants or ClinVar records for this disease.

Genes & proteins

No associated-gene cohort resolved for this disease. Atlas builds the molecular and therapeutic sections — associated genes, protein families, druggability, pathways, interactions, and drug associations — by aggregating over a disease’s associated genes (resolved via GWAS / GenCC / ClinVar / CIViC), and none resolved here. This is expected for antibody-mediated, autoimmune, or otherwise non-gene-defined conditions; the curated evidence for this disease is its clinical features, GWAS susceptibility, and clinical trials (above).

Function

No pathway enrichment — requires an associated-gene cohort.

Therapeutics

Drugs indicated for this disease

0 approved, 1 in late-stage (phase 3) trials. Disease-direct ChEMBL indications, not inferred from the associated-gene cohort below.

Drug	Development status
Telithromycin	Phase 3 (in late-stage trials)

Clinical trials & evidence

Clinical trials

Clinical trials: 10.

Phase distribution (across all retrieved trials)

Phase	Trials
Not specified	8
PHASE4	1
PHASE3	1

Top trials by phase / activity

NCT	Phase	Status	Title
NCT03083197	PHASE4	ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING	Scrub Typhus Antibiotic Resistance Trial
NCT00351182	PHASE3	COMPLETED	Controlled Trial: 5-day Course of Telithromycin Versus Doxycycline for the Treatment of Mild to Moderate Scrub Typhus
NCT03274869	Not specified	ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING	Scrub Typhus Infection Induced Cardiovascular Disease
NCT00568711	Not specified	COMPLETED	Controlled Trial: 5-day Course of Rifampin Versus Doxycycline for the Treatment of Mild to Moderate Scrub Typhus
NCT02398162	Not specified	COMPLETED	Scrub Typhus Pediatric Immunology Study
NCT02876367	Not specified	COMPLETED	The Clinical Epidemiology of Scrub Typhus in Humans, Chiggers and Rodents
NCT02915861	Not specified	COMPLETED	Eschar Investigations in Scrub Typhus
NCT04506944	Not specified	COMPLETED	The Epidemiology of Rickettsial Infections in South India: Cohort Study
NCT06675110	Not specified	COMPLETED	QuEST - Quick and Easy Scrub Typhus Diagnostic Tools
NCT07513103	Not specified	COMPLETED	Clinical Effectiveness of Tigecycline for Scrub Typhus.

Drugs tested across these trials (top 30)

Molecule	Max phase	Trials referencing
DOXYCYCLINE ANHYDROUS	4	8
AZITHROMYCIN	4	1
TELITHROMYCIN	4	1
TIGECYCLINE	4	1
CHEMBL4299381	0	1
CHEMBL1215848	0	1