Seborrheic dermatitis
diseaseOn this page
Also known as cradle Capseborrheaseborrheic dermatitis (disease)seborrheic eczemaskin seborrheic
Summary
Seborrheic dermatitis (MONDO:0006608) is a disease with 9 cohort genes (57 GWAS associations across 14 studies) and 37 clinical trials. Top therapeutic interventions include ciclopirox, ketoconazole, and levoketoconazole.
At a glance
- Cohort genes: 9
- GWAS associations: 57
- Clinical trials: 37
Clinical features
No curated clinical features (Orphanet) for this disease.
Identifiers
Disease identifiers
| Field | Value |
|---|---|
| Canonical name | seborrheic dermatitis |
| Mondo ID | MONDO:0006608 |
| EFO | EFO:1000764 |
| MeSH | D012628 |
| DOID | DOID:8741 |
| ICD-10-CM | L21 |
| NCIT | C111888 |
| UMLS | C0036508 |
| MedGen | 19912 |
| Is cancer (heuristic) | no |
Also known as: cradle Cap · seborrhea · seborrheic dermatitis · seborrheic dermatitis (disease) · seborrheic eczema · skin seborrheic
Data availability: 57 GWAS associations (14 studies) · 1 HPO phenotype.
Disease family
An umbrella term covering 1 Mondo subtype.
Classification path: disease › human disease › disease by body system or component › integumentary system disorder › skin disorder › dermatitis › seborrheic dermatitis
Related subtypes (32): spongiotic dermatitis, atopic eczema, psoriasis, contact dermatitis, urticaria, acneiform dermatitis, acrodermatitis, folliculitis, granuloma annulare, granulomatous dermatitis, lichen planus, neurodermatitis, neurotic excoriation, parapsoriasis, pityriasis rosea, acanthosis nigricans, dermatosis papulosa nigra, lichen sclerosus et atrophicus, vitiligo, acne, porphyria cutanea tarda, dermatomyositis, acute generalized exanthematous pustulosis, hydroa vacciniforme, autoimmune bullous skin disease, cutaneous vasculitis, skin infection, intertrigo, lipodermatosclerosis, exfoliative dermatitis, radiodermatitis, food dermatitis
Subtypes (1): seborrheic infantile dermatitis
Genetics & variants
GWAS landscape
57 GWAS associations across 14 studies. Top hits map to 31 distinct genes (as reported by GWAS).
Top associations by p-value
| rsID | p-value | Gene | Risk allele | Odds ratio |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| rs12203592 | 4e-71 | IRF4 | C | 0.21 |
| rs12188300 | 3e-57 | IL12B-AS1 | A | 0.22 |
| rs241454 | 2e-50 | TAP2 | A | 0.14 |
| rs1805007 | 7e-34 | MC1R | C | 0.17 |
| rs11150849 | 2e-27 | CARD14 | G | 0.09 |
| rs8046218 | 2e-23 | PRSS22 - FLYWCH2 | C | 0.09 |
| chr16:2910736 | 4e-23 | G | 0.09 | |
| rs268890 | 1e-21 | KLK6 - KLK7 | G | 0.11 |
| rs7700488 | 4e-19 | FBXO38-DT, SPINK5 | G | 0.08 |
| rs12722496 | 7e-19 | IL2RA | A | 0.11 |
| rs1250563 | 2e-18 | ZMIZ1 | G | 0.08 |
| rs16891982 | 6e-18 | SLC45A2 | C | 0.2 |
| rs1126809 | 2e-17 | TYR | G | 0.08 |
| rs34536443 | 6e-17 | TYK2 | G | 0.17 |
| rs12743974 | 7e-17 | IL23R | G | 0.07 |
| rs61839660 | 3e-16 | IL2RA | C | 0.12 |
| chr5:131793286 | 1e-15 | C | 0.07 | |
| chr5:147465631 | 1e-15 | C | 0.07 | |
| chr11:61605499 | 2e-15 | T | 0.07 | |
| rs1892497 | 2e-15 | ZMIZ1 | C | 0.08 |
| rs74178437 | 2e-15 | ZBTB7A | G | 0.07 |
| chr3:71536974 | 2e-14 | A | 0.07 | |
| rs6866614 | 3e-14 | IRF1, CARINH | A | 0.06 |
| rs12913832 | 4e-14 | HERC2 | A | 0.07 |
| rs6059655 | 5e-14 | RALY | A | 0.11 |
| rs6602288 | 7e-14 | PRPF38AP1 - LINC00708 | G | 0.07 |
| chr18:51841147 | 5e-13 | T | 0.06 | |
| rs200868187 | 5e-13 | FAM8A1 | G | 0.16 |
| rs55863231 | 2e-12 | FOXP1 | A | 0.06 |
| chr2:119590288 | 3e-12 | C | 0.07 |
Top studies (by case count)
| Study | Lead author | Year | Cases | Controls | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| GCST90476171 | Verma A | 2024 | 31,107 | 394,738 | Diversity and scale: Genetic architecture of 2068 traits in the VA Million Veteran Program. |
| GCST90473921 | UK Biobank Whole-Genome Sequencing Consortium | 2025 | 9,292 | 449,148 | Whole-genome sequencing of 490,640 UK Biobank participants. |
| GCST90478784 | Verma A | 2024 | 4,277 | 113,844 | Diversity and scale: Genetic architecture of 2068 traits in the VA Million Veteran Program. |
| GCST90480445 | Verma A | 2024 | 4,277 | 113,844 | Diversity and scale: Genetic architecture of 2068 traits in the VA Million Veteran Program. |
| GCST90727028 | Kim HI | 2026 | 3,132 | 40,894 | Exome sequencing and analysis of 44,028 British South Asians enriched for high autozygosity. |
| GCST90727269 | Kim HI | 2026 | 3,114 | 40,912 | Exome sequencing and analysis of 44,028 British South Asians enriched for high autozygosity. |
| GCST90478783 | Verma A | 2024 | 2,510 | 54,996 | Diversity and scale: Genetic architecture of 2068 traits in the VA Million Veteran Program. |
| GCST90080338 | Backman JD | 2021 | 2,156 | 379,083 | Exome sequencing and analysis of 454,787 UK Biobank participants. |
| GCST90084324 | Backman JD | 2021 | 2,156 | 379,083 | Exome sequencing and analysis of 454,787 UK Biobank participants. |
| GCST90651856 | Liu TY | 2025 | 1,601 | 218,583 | Diversity and longitudinal records: Genetic architecture of disease associations and polygenic risk in the Taiwanese Han population. |
Variant details and genetic-evidence tiers
Tier distribution (top 50 variants)
| Tier | Variants |
|---|---|
| Tier 1: coding | 6 |
| Tier 2: splice/UTR | 2 |
| Tier 3: regulatory | 0 |
| Tier 4: intronic/intergenic | 38 |
MAF distribution
| Bucket | Variants |
|---|---|
| common (>=0.05) | 43 |
| low_freq (0.01-0.05) | 3 |
| rare (<0.01) | 0 |
| unknown | 0 |
Functional consequences
| Consequence | Count |
|---|---|
| intron_variant | 24 |
| unknown | 7 |
| intergenic_variant | 6 |
| missense_variant | 6 |
| 3_prime_UTR_variant | 1 |
| non_coding_transcript_exon_variant | 1 |
| 5_prime_UTR_variant | 1 |
Top variants
| rsID | Chr | Pos | Alleles | MAF | Consequence | Gene | p-value | Tier |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| rs12203592 | 6 | 396321 | C>G,T | 0.16 | intron_variant | IRF4 | 4e-71 | Tier 4: intronic/intergenic |
| rs12188300 | 5 | 159402519 | A>G,T | 0.088 | intergenic_variant | IL12B-AS1 | 3e-57 | Tier 4: intronic/intergenic |
| rs241454 | 6 | 32828367 | A>C,G | 0.251 | 3_prime_UTR_variant | TAP2 | 2e-50 | Tier 2: splice/UTR |
| rs1805007 | 16 | 89919709 | C>A,G,T | 0.082 | missense_variant | MC1R | 7e-34 | Tier 1: coding |
| rs11150849 | 17 | 80202697 | G>A,C,T | 0.498 | non_coding_transcript_exon_variant | CARD14 | 2e-27 | Tier 4: intronic/intergenic |
| rs8046218 | 16 | 2858702 | C>T | 0.33 | intron_variant | PRSS22 - FLYWCH2 | 2e-23 | Tier 4: intronic/intergenic |
| chr16:2910736 | 0.313 | 4e-23 | Tier 4: intronic/intergenic | |||||
| rs268890 | 19 | 50971418 | G>A | 0.196 | intron_variant | KLK6 - KLK7 | 1e-21 | Tier 4: intronic/intergenic |
| rs7700488 | 5 | 148094104 | G>A,C | 0.477 | intron_variant | FBXO38-DT, SPINK5 | 4e-19 | Tier 4: intronic/intergenic |
| rs12722496 | 10 | 6054704 | A>G | 0.107 | intron_variant | IL2RA | 7e-19 | Tier 4: intronic/intergenic |
| rs1250563 | 10 | 79287626 | G>C | 0.309 | intron_variant | ZMIZ1 | 2e-18 | Tier 4: intronic/intergenic |
| rs16891982 | 5 | 33951588 | C>A,G | 0.038 | missense_variant | SLC45A2 | 6e-18 | Tier 1: coding |
| rs1126809 | 11 | 89284793 | G>A | 0.283 | missense_variant | TYR | 2e-17 | Tier 1: coding |
| rs34536443 | 19 | 10352442 | G>C,T | 0.049 | missense_variant | TYK2 | 6e-17 | Tier 1: coding |
| rs12743974 | 1 | 67242674 | G>A,C,T | 0.406 | intron_variant | IL23R | 7e-17 | Tier 4: intronic/intergenic |
| rs61839660 | 10 | 6052734 | C>T | 0.075 | intron_variant | IL2RA | 3e-16 | Tier 4: intronic/intergenic |
| chr5:131793286 | 0.416 | 1e-15 | Tier 4: intronic/intergenic | |||||
| chr5:147465631 | 0.482 | 1e-15 | Tier 4: intronic/intergenic | |||||
| chr11:61605499 | 0.339 | 2e-15 | Tier 4: intronic/intergenic | |||||
| rs1892497 | 10 | 79283950 | C>T | 0.25 | intron_variant | ZMIZ1 | 2e-15 | Tier 4: intronic/intergenic |
| rs74178437 | 19 | 4056862 | G>A,C,T | 0.381 | 5_prime_UTR_variant | ZBTB7A | 2e-15 | Tier 2: splice/UTR |
| chr3:71536974 | 0.322 | 2e-14 | Tier 4: intronic/intergenic | |||||
| rs6866614 | 5 | 132451445 | A>G,T | 0.353 | intron_variant | IRF1, CARINH | 3e-14 | Tier 4: intronic/intergenic |
| rs12913832 | 15 | 28120472 | A>C,G | 0.241 | intron_variant | HERC2 | 4e-14 | Tier 4: intronic/intergenic |
| rs6059655 | 20 | 34077942 | A>G | 0.092 | intron_variant | RALY | 5e-14 | Tier 4: intronic/intergenic |
| rs6602288 | 10 | 8175958 | G>A,C | 0.252 | intron_variant | PRPF38AP1 - LINC00708 | 7e-14 | Tier 4: intronic/intergenic |
| chr18:51841147 | 0.279 | 5e-13 | Tier 4: intronic/intergenic | |||||
| rs200868187 | 6 | 17602639 | G>A,T | 0.033 | missense_variant | FAM8A1 | 5e-13 | Tier 1: coding |
| rs55863231 | 3 | 71492348 | A>C,G,T | 0.286 | intron_variant | FOXP1 | 2e-12 | Tier 4: intronic/intergenic |
| chr2:119590288 | 0.262 | 3e-12 | Tier 4: intronic/intergenic |
Genes & proteins
Mendelian disease overlap and somatic drivers
GenCC: 0 · Orphanet: 2 · OMIM-shared: 0 · Dual-evidence (GWAS+Mendelian): 0
Orphanet rare-disease linkage (cohort genes)
| Gene | Orphanet ID | Rare disease |
|---|---|---|
| PRICKLE2 | Orphanet:178469 | Autosomal dominant non-syndromic intellectual disability |
| PRICKLE2 | Orphanet:402082 | Progressive myoclonic epilepsy type 5 |
Cohort genes → proteins
9 cohort genes, 9 distinct canonical proteins.
Evidence partition
| Subset | Genes |
|---|---|
| gwas_only | 9 |
Cohort genes (full)
| Symbol | HGNC | Ensembl | UniProt | Name | Evidence |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| TACR1 | HGNC:11526 | ENSG00000115353 | P25103 | Substance-P receptor | gwas |
| MAST4 | HGNC:19037 | ENSG00000069020 | O15021 | Microtubule-associated serine/threonine-protein kinase 4 | gwas |
| PRICKLE2 | HGNC:20340 | ENSG00000163637 | Q7Z3G6 | Prickle-like protein 2 | gwas |
| ELAPOR2 | HGNC:21945 | ENSG00000164659 | A8MWY0 | Endosome/lysosome-associated apoptosis and autophagy regulator family member 2 | gwas |
| SENP2 | HGNC:23116 | ENSG00000163904 | Q9HC62 | Sentrin-specific protease 2 | gwas |
| EVA1A | HGNC:25816 | ENSG00000115363 | Q9H8M9 | Protein eva-1 homolog A | gwas |
| SHISA6 | HGNC:34491 | ENSG00000188803 | Q6ZSJ9 | Protein shisa-6 | gwas |
| PIRT | HGNC:37239 | ENSG00000233670 | P0C851 | Phosphoinositide-interacting protein | gwas |
| GRM3 | HGNC:4595 | ENSG00000198822 | Q14832 | Metabotropic glutamate receptor 3 | gwas |
Cohort function summary
Lead sentence per gene, UniProt-curated.
| Symbol | Protein name | Function (lead sentence) |
|---|---|---|
| TACR1 | Substance-P receptor | Receptor for the tachykinin substance P, also able to bind and respond to tachynins neurokinin A/substance K and neurokinin B/neuromedin-K. |
| PRICKLE2 | Prickle-like protein 2 | Is involved in the organization and maintenance of axon initial segment (AIS) architecture, likely cooperating with IGSF9B to regulate ANK3/ANKG localization to AIS. |
| ELAPOR2 | Endosome/lysosome-associated apoptosis and autophagy regulator family member 2 | Functions as a regulator of the BMP signaling pathway and may be involved in epidermal differentiation. |
| SENP2 | Sentrin-specific protease 2 | Protease that catalyzes two essential functions in the SUMO pathway. |
| EVA1A | Protein eva-1 homolog A | Acts as a regulator of programmed cell death, mediating both autophagy and apoptosis. |
| SHISA6 | Protein shisa-6 | Involved in maintenance of high-frequency synaptic transmission at hippocampal CA3-CA1 synapses. |
| PIRT | Phosphoinositide-interacting protein | Regulatory subunit of TRPV1, a molecular sensor of noxious heat and capsaicin. |
| GRM3 | Metabotropic glutamate receptor 3 | G-protein coupled receptor for glutamate. |
Protein-family classification
Druggable: 4 · Difficult: 1 · Unknown: 4 · Druggable fraction: 0.44
Family distribution
Cohort families vs a genome-wide background (hypergeometric, BH-FDR; fold = observed/expected). Counts kept; sorted by enrichment, so the catch-all Other/Unknown bucket no longer leads.
| Family | Genes | Fold | FDR |
|---|---|---|---|
| GPCR | 2 | 5.3× | 0.258 |
| Protease | 1 | 4.1× | 0.469 |
| Kinase | 1 | 3.1× | 0.469 |
| Transcription factor | 1 | 0.9× | 0.847 |
| Other/Unknown | 4 | 0.8× | 0.847 |
Per-gene assignment
| Symbol | Family | Druggable? | EC | InterPro (top 3) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| TACR1 | GPCR | yes | NK1_rcpt, GPCR_Rhodpsn, Neurokn_rcpt | |
| MAST4 | Kinase | yes | Prot_kinase_dom, AGC-kinase_C, PDZ | |
| PRICKLE2 | Transcription factor | no | Znf_LIM, PET_domain, PET_prickle | |
| ELAPOR2 | Other/Unknown | no | Man6P_isomerase_rcpt-bd_dom_sf, Growth_fac_rcpt_cys_sf, Elapor1/2 | |
| SENP2 | Protease | yes | 3.4.22.B71 | Peptidase_C48_C, Papain-like_cys_pep_sf |
| EVA1A | Other/Unknown | no | EVA1_dom, EVA1_A/B | |
| SHISA6 | Other/Unknown | no | Shisa, Shisa_N | |
| PIRT | Other/Unknown | no | PIRT | |
| GRM3 | GPCR | yes | GPCR_3_mtglu_rcpt, GPCR_3, GPCR_3_mGluR3 |
Expression context
Cohort genes with no expression data: 0.
7 cohort genes are a single-cell marker in ≥1 SCXA experiment.
Breadth distribution (Bgee present_calls)
| Bucket | Genes |
|---|---|
| narrow (1-5 tissues) | 0 |
| moderate (6-20) | 0 |
| broad (>20) | 9 |
| unknown | 0 |
Top tissues across cohort
| Tissue | Cohort genes |
|---|---|
| cartilage tissue | 2 |
| colonic epithelium | 2 |
| calcaneal tendon | 2 |
| cortical plate | 2 |
| endocervix | 1 |
| male germ line stem cell (sensu Vertebrata) in testis | 1 |
| subcutaneous adipose tissue | 1 |
| cervix squamous epithelium | 1 |
| squamous epithelium | 1 |
| cauda epididymis | 1 |
| oviduct epithelium | 1 |
| corpus callosum | 1 |
| secondary oocyte | 1 |
| adrenal tissue | 1 |
| liver | 1 |
| right lobe of liver | 1 |
| cerebellar vermis | 1 |
| lateral nuclear group of thalamus | 1 |
| dorsal root ganglion | 1 |
| medial globus pallidus | 1 |
Per-gene tissue summary (top 30)
| Symbol | Bgee breadth | FANTOM5 breadth | SCXA | Top tissues |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| TACR1 | 183 | broad | marker | male germ line stem cell (sensu Vertebrata) in testis, endocervix, subcutaneous adipose tissue |
| MAST4 | 294 | ubiquitous | marker | cervix squamous epithelium, cartilage tissue, squamous epithelium |
| PRICKLE2 | 233 | ubiquitous | marker | oviduct epithelium, cauda epididymis, colonic epithelium |
| ELAPOR2 | 234 | ubiquitous | marker | corpus callosum, secondary oocyte, calcaneal tendon |
| SENP2 | 270 | ubiquitous | marker | calcaneal tendon, colonic epithelium, adrenal tissue |
| EVA1A | 165 | ubiquitous | marker | right lobe of liver, cartilage tissue, liver |
| SHISA6 | 172 | tissue_specific | yes | lateral nuclear group of thalamus, cerebellar vermis, cortical plate |
| PIRT | 105 | tissue_specific | yes | dorsal root ganglion, trigeminal ganglion, medial globus pallidus |
| GRM3 | 129 | broad | marker | endothelial cell, middle frontal gyrus, cortical plate |
Protein interactions among cohort
Intra-cohort edges: 0.
Hub genes (top 10 by interactor count)
| Symbol | Interactor count |
|---|---|
| GRM3 | 2,804 |
| SENP2 | 1,384 |
| TACR1 | 1,350 |
| PRICKLE2 | 1,151 |
| SHISA6 | 1,109 |
| MAST4 | 943 |
| ELAPOR2 | 754 |
| EVA1A | 613 |
| PIRT | 583 |
Structural data
PDB: 4 · AlphaFold-only: 5 · No structure: 0
Cohort genes with PDB structures (top 30)
| Symbol | UniProt | PDB entries |
|---|---|---|
| GRM3 | Q14832 | 20 |
| TACR1 | P25103 | 15 |
| SENP2 | Q9HC62 | 8 |
| MAST4 | O15021 | 1 |
AlphaFold-only cohort genes (top 30 by pLDDT)
| Symbol | UniProt | pLDDT |
|---|---|---|
| ELAPOR2 | A8MWY0 | 76.35 |
| EVA1A | Q9H8M9 | 64.06 |
| PIRT | P0C851 | 62.97 |
| PRICKLE2 | Q7Z3G6 | 56.41 |
| SHISA6 | Q6ZSJ9 | 55.97 |
Function
Pathway analysis
Distinct Reactome pathways touched by cohort: 13. Enrichment computed across 9 evidence-associated genes (4 with Reactome annotation).
Pathways by enrichment
Over-representation of cohort genes vs the genome-wide background (hypergeometric test, Benjamini-Hochberg FDR; fold = observed/expected over 4 annotated cohort genes). Counts and members are kept as ground-truth; sorted by enrichment.
| Pathway | Cohort genes | Fold | FDR | Sample cohort genes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SUMO is proteolytically processed | 1 | 475.8× | 0.014 | SENP2 |
| Tachykinin receptors bind tachykinins | 1 | 475.8× | 0.014 | TACR1 |
| Processing and activation of SUMO | 1 | 317.2× | 0.014 | SENP2 |
| Class C/3 (Metabotropic glutamate/pheromone receptors) | 1 | 73.2× | 0.044 | GRM3 |
| SUMOylation | 1 | 40.8× | 0.063 | SENP2 |
| Cargo recognition for clathrin-mediated endocytosis | 1 | 26.2× | 0.067 | TACR1 |
| Post-translational protein phosphorylation | 1 | 25.0× | 0.067 | EVA1A |
| Regulation of Insulin-like Growth Factor (IGF) transport and uptake by Insulin-like Growth Factor Binding Proteins (IGFBPs) | 1 | 21.6× | 0.067 | EVA1A |
| Clathrin-mediated endocytosis | 1 | 21.3× | 0.067 | TACR1 |
| G alpha (q) signalling events | 1 | 14.3× | 0.088 | TACR1 |
| G alpha (i) signalling events | 1 | 9.7× | 0.117 | GRM3 |
| Post-translational protein modification | 1 | 4.8× | 0.209 | SENP2 |
| Metabolism of proteins | 1 | 3.1× | 0.286 | SENP2 |
GO biological processes by enrichment
Over-representation of cohort genes vs the genome-wide background (hypergeometric test, Benjamini-Hochberg FDR; fold = observed/expected over 9 annotated cohort genes). Counts and members are kept as ground-truth; sorted by enrichment.
| GO term | Cohort genes | Fold | FDR | Sample cohort genes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| behavioral response to pain | 2 | 197.1× | 0.004 | TACR1, PIRT |
| regulation of DNA endoreduplication | 1 | 1872.4× | 0.016 | SENP2 |
| negative regulation of nervous system development | 1 | 1872.4× | 0.016 | ELAPOR2 |
| angiotensin-mediated drinking behavior | 1 | 624.1× | 0.017 | TACR1 |
| regulation of AMPA glutamate receptor clustering | 1 | 624.1× | 0.017 | SHISA6 |
| aggressive behavior | 1 | 468.1× | 0.017 | TACR1 |
| phospholipase C-activating tachykinin receptor signaling pathway | 1 | 468.1× | 0.017 | TACR1 |
| smooth muscle contraction involved in micturition | 1 | 468.1× | 0.017 | TACR1 |
| detection of abiotic stimulus | 1 | 374.5× | 0.017 | TACR1 |
| response to ozone | 1 | 374.5× | 0.017 | TACR1 |
| positive regulation of synaptic transmission, cholinergic | 1 | 374.5× | 0.017 | TACR1 |
| sperm ejaculation | 1 | 374.5× | 0.017 | TACR1 |
| positive regulation of epidermis development | 1 | 374.5× | 0.017 | ELAPOR2 |
| protein localization to axon | 1 | 374.5× | 0.017 | PRICKLE2 |
| regulation of smooth muscle cell migration | 1 | 267.5× | 0.017 | TACR1 |
| operant conditioning | 1 | 267.5× | 0.017 | TACR1 |
| connective tissue replacement | 1 | 267.5× | 0.017 | EVA1A |
| positive regulation of action potential | 1 | 234.1× | 0.017 | TACR1 |
| labyrinthine layer development | 1 | 234.1× | 0.017 | SENP2 |
| positive regulation of uterine smooth muscle contraction | 1 | 234.1× | 0.017 | TACR1 |
| postsynaptic neurotransmitter receptor diffusion trapping | 1 | 234.1× | 0.017 | SHISA6 |
| tachykinin receptor signaling pathway | 1 | 208.1× | 0.017 | TACR1 |
| protein desumoylation | 1 | 208.1× | 0.017 | SENP2 |
| positive regulation of lymphocyte proliferation | 1 | 208.1× | 0.017 | TACR1 |
| Wnt signaling pathway | 2 | 22.2× | 0.017 | SENP2, SHISA6 |
| positive regulation of hormone secretion | 1 | 187.2× | 0.018 | TACR1 |
| cardiac left ventricle morphogenesis | 1 | 170.2× | 0.019 | EVA1A |
| negative regulation of adenylate cyclase activity | 1 | 156.0× | 0.019 | GRM3 |
| positive regulation of vascular permeability | 1 | 144.0× | 0.019 | TACR1 |
| regulation of smooth muscle cell proliferation | 1 | 144.0× | 0.019 | TACR1 |
Therapeutics
Drugs indicated for this disease
12 approved, 2 in late-stage (phase 3) trials. Disease-direct ChEMBL indications, not inferred from the associated-gene cohort below.
| Drug | Development status |
|---|---|
| Ciclopirox | Approved (phase 4) |
| Coal Tar | Approved (phase 4) |
| Cortisone Acetate | Approved (phase 4) |
| Dexamethasone | Approved (phase 4) |
| Fluocinolone Acetonide | Approved (phase 4) |
| Hydrocortisone | Approved (phase 4) |
| Hydrocortisone Butyrate | Approved (phase 4) |
| Ketoconazole | Approved (phase 4) |
| Prednisolone | Approved (phase 4) |
| Prednisone | Approved (phase 4) |
| Salicylic Acid | Approved (phase 4) |
| Selenium Sulfide | Approved (phase 4) |
| Clobetasol Propionate | Phase 3 (in late-stage trials) |
| Tacrolimus Anhydrous | Phase 3 (in late-stage trials) |
Earlier-phase candidates (phase 2, investigational — efficacy not yet established): Azelaic Acid, Omiganan, PAC-14028, Pimecrolimus, Roflumilast, Ruxolitinib.
Drug target analysis
Approved (phase 4): 1 · Phase ≥3: 2 · Phased (≥1): 3 · Undrugged: 6
Druggability breadth: 4 of 9 evidence-associated genes (44%) have a ChEMBL target (buckets above are over the deeply-mined display cohort).
Genes with an approved drug
The molecule shown is one approved compound that hits the gene — not necessarily a drug of choice or one indicated for this disease.
| Symbol | Example approved molecule |
|---|---|
| TACR1 | CLOTRIMAZOLE |
Top cohort targets by molecule count
| Symbol | Molecules | Max phase |
|---|---|---|
| TACR1 | 42 | 4 |
| GRM3 | 3 | 3 |
| SENP2 | 1 | 2 |
| MAST4 | 0 | 0 |
| PRICKLE2 | 0 | 0 |
| ELAPOR2 | 0 | 0 |
| EVA1A | 0 | 0 |
| SHISA6 | 0 | 0 |
| PIRT | 0 | 0 |
Drugs targeting cohort genes (top 30)
| Molecule | Max phase | Targets in cohort |
|---|---|---|
| CLOTRIMAZOLE | 4 | TACR1 |
| ARIPIPRAZOLE | 4 | TACR1 |
| AMOXAPINE | 4 | TACR1 |
| THIOTHIXENE | 4 | TACR1 |
| FIDAXOMICIN | 4 | TACR1 |
| APREPITANT | 4 | TACR1 |
| CYCLOSPORINE | 4 | TACR1 |
| RITONAVIR | 4 | TACR1 |
| TERFENADINE | 4 | TACR1 |
| NETUPITANT | 4 | TACR1 |
| NILOTINIB | 4 | TACR1 |
| BOSUTINIB | 4 | TACR1 |
| ASTEMIZOLE | 4 | TACR1 |
| ROLAPITANT | 4 | TACR1 |
| LANSOPRAZOLE | 4 | TACR1 |
| PAROXETINE | 4 | TACR1 |
| DEXTROMETHORPHAN | 4 | TACR1 |
| HALOPERIDOL | 4 | TACR1 |
| ACLIDINIUM BROMIDE | 4 | TACR1 |
| TRAZODONE | 4 | TACR1 |
| NEFAZODONE | 4 | TACR1 |
| ITRACONAZOLE | 4 | TACR1 |
| DOXAZOSIN | 4 | TACR1 |
| CARVEDILOL | 4 | TACR1 |
| ECONAZOLE | 4 | TACR1 |
| TAMOXIFEN | 4 | TACR1 |
| MICONAZOLE | 4 | TACR1 |
| CASOPITANT | 3 | TACR1 |
| SAREDUTANT | 3 | TACR1 |
| SERLOPITANT | 3 | TACR1 |
Bioactivity and enzyme data
Enzyme cohort genes (≥1 EC): 1.
Cohort genes with ChEMBL bioactivity (full, sorted by assay count)
| Symbol | Assays | Type breakdown |
|---|---|---|
| TACR1 | 620 | Binding:506, Functional:111, ADMET:3 |
| GRM3 | 180 | Functional:102, Binding:76, ADMET:2 |
| SENP2 | 15 | Binding:15 |
| MAST4 | 13 | Binding:13 |
Cohort enzymes (BRENDA EC)
| Symbol | EC numbers | Names |
|---|---|---|
| SENP2 | 3.4.22.B71 |
Cohort genes with high screening signal
≥100 ChEMBL assays — a studied-ness signal; see Therapeutics for approved-drug status.
| Symbol | ChEMBL assays |
|---|---|
| TACR1 | 620 |
| GRM3 | 180 |
Pharmacogenomics
Cohort genes with a PharmGKB record: 9; with CPIC/DPWG dosing guidelines: 0.
No cohort gene has a CPIC/DPWG genotype-guided dosing guideline (PharmGKB).
Chemical tractability of cohort targets
30 approved/phased compounds have measured bioactivity against a cohort gene (and aren’t yet in disease-level trials). This is a research / tractability signal, NOT a therapeutic recommendation — a bioactivity row often reflects off-target or screening binding (e.g. promiscuous kinase inhibitors against a cohort kinase), implying no disease mechanism.
| Compound | Max phase | Cohort target (bioactivity) |
|---|---|---|
| CLOTRIMAZOLE | 4 | TACR1 |
| ARIPIPRAZOLE | 4 | TACR1 |
| AMOXAPINE | 4 | TACR1 |
| THIOTHIXENE | 4 | TACR1 |
| FIDAXOMICIN | 4 | TACR1 |
| APREPITANT | 4 | TACR1 |
| CYCLOSPORINE | 4 | TACR1 |
| RITONAVIR | 4 | TACR1 |
| TERFENADINE | 4 | TACR1 |
| NETUPITANT | 4 | TACR1 |
| NILOTINIB | 4 | TACR1 |
| BOSUTINIB | 4 | TACR1 |
| ASTEMIZOLE | 4 | TACR1 |
| ROLAPITANT | 4 | TACR1 |
| LANSOPRAZOLE | 4 | TACR1 |
| PAROXETINE | 4 | TACR1 |
| DEXTROMETHORPHAN | 4 | TACR1 |
| HALOPERIDOL | 4 | TACR1 |
| ACLIDINIUM BROMIDE | 4 | TACR1 |
| TRAZODONE | 4 | TACR1 |
| NEFAZODONE | 4 | TACR1 |
| ITRACONAZOLE | 4 | TACR1 |
| DOXAZOSIN | 4 | TACR1 |
| CARVEDILOL | 4 | TACR1 |
| ECONAZOLE | 4 | TACR1 |
| TAMOXIFEN | 4 | TACR1 |
| MICONAZOLE | 4 | TACR1 |
| CASOPITANT | 3 | TACR1 |
| SAREDUTANT | 3 | TACR1 |
| SERLOPITANT | 3 | TACR1 |
Druggability pyramid
Cohort genes binned by druggability tier (high → low):
| Tier | Definition | Genes | Symbols |
|---|---|---|---|
| A | Approved (phase 4 drug) | 1 | TACR1 |
| B | Phased (≥1) drug, not yet approved | 2 | SENP2, GRM3 |
| C | Druggable family + PDB, no drug | 1 | MAST4 |
| D | Druggable family + AlphaFold only, no drug | 0 | |
| E | Difficult family or no structure, no drug | 5 | PRICKLE2, ELAPOR2, EVA1A, SHISA6, PIRT |
Undrugged target profiles
6 cohort genes are undrugged. Ranked by ‘starting-point quality’ (assay depth + drugged-partner adjacency).
| Symbol | ChEMBL assays | Drugged partners (top 3) |
|---|---|---|
| MAST4 | 13 | — |
| PRICKLE2 | 0 | — |
| ELAPOR2 | 0 | — |
| EVA1A | 0 | — |
| SHISA6 | 0 | — |
| PIRT | 0 | — |
Clinical trials & evidence
Clinical trials
Clinical trials: 37.
Phase distribution (across all retrieved trials)
| Phase | Trials |
|---|---|
| Not specified | 17 |
| PHASE2 | 10 |
| PHASE4 | 4 |
| PHASE3 | 3 |
| PHASE1 | 2 |
| EARLY_PHASE1 | 1 |
Top trials by phase / activity
| NCT | Phase | Status | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| NCT01139749 | PHASE4 | UNKNOWN | Efficacy and Safety of Low-dose Oral Isotretinoin for Seborrhea |
| NCT01214434 | PHASE4 | COMPLETED | Promiseb Topical Cream for Cradle Cap |
| NCT01591070 | PHASE4 | COMPLETED | Proactive Treatment of Tacrolimus Ointment for Adult Facial Seborrheic Dermatitis |
| NCT03567980 | PHASE4 | COMPLETED | A Proof of Concept Clinical Trial Evaluating the Safety and Efficacy of Eucrisa (Crisaborole) in Patients With Seborrheic Dermatitis |
| NCT00565279 | PHASE3 | COMPLETED | Efficacy and Safety of ASF1057 in the Treatment of Seborrhoeic Dermatitis |
| NCT02004860 | PHASE3 | COMPLETED | Tacrolimus Ointment Interest (PROTOPIC ®) in the Maintenance Treatment of Severe Seborrheic Dermatitis |
| NCT04973228 | PHASE3 | COMPLETED | Trial of PDE4 Inhibition With Roflumilast (ARQ-154) Foam 0.3% for the Management of Seborrheic Dermatitis (STRATUM) |
| NCT00403559 | PHASE2 | COMPLETED | A 4 Week Study of Elidel (Pimecrolimus) for the Treatment of Seborrheic Dermatitis |
| NCT00991198 | PHASE2 | COMPLETED | The Role of Topically Dissolved Oxygen (TDO) to Ameliorate Signs of Photodamage |
| NCT01254162 | PHASE2 | COMPLETED | Proof of Concept Study of MTC896 Gel to Reduce Sebum Production on the Forehead of Healthy Male Volunteers |
| NCT01703793 | PHASE2 | COMPLETED | Safety and Efficacy Study in Subjects With Seborrheic Dermatitis |
| NCT02749383 | PHASE2 | COMPLETED | A Study to Evaluate the Safety and Efficacy of PAC-14028 Cream in Seborrheic Dermatitis |
| NCT03688971 | PHASE2 | UNKNOWN | Omiganan Twice a Day (BID) in Patients With Facial Seborrheic Dermatitis |
| NCT04091646 | PHASE2 | COMPLETED | Safety and Efficacy of ARQ-154 Foam in Subjects With Seborrheic Dermatitis |
| NCT04445987 | PHASE2 | COMPLETED | Long-Term Safety of ARQ-154 Foam in Subjects With Seborrheic Dermatitis |
| NCT05787860 | PHASE2 | COMPLETED | Ruxolitinib in Seborrheic Dermatitis |
| NCT06013371 | PHASE2 | TERMINATED | PDE4 Inhibition in Seborrheic Dermatitis and Papulopustular Rosacea |
| NCT07404033 | PHASE1 | NOT_YET_RECRUITING | ZYG24002 Lotion to Evaluate the Safety, Tolerability, Pharmacokinetics and Preliminary Efficacy in Adult Patients With Mild to Moderate Seborrheic Dermatitis |
| NCT00767546 | PHASE1 | UNKNOWN | Botulinum Toxin for Treatment of Seborrhic Dermatitis in Parkinsonian Patients |
| NCT03114111 | EARLY_PHASE1 | COMPLETED | Pilot Study for the Use of Photodynamic Therapy in the Treatment of Seborrheic Dermatitis |
| NCT05942248 | Not specified | RECRUITING | The Use of Image-Based Computer Gradings in the Analysis of Acne, Rosacea, Melasma, and Seborrheic Dermatitis |
| NCT07063615 | Not specified | ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING | A Clinical Study to Assess the Safety and Effectiveness of Scalp Cream for Symptom Relief and Microbiome Balance in Mild-moderate Seborrheic Dermatitis Patients. |
| NCT07549828 | Not specified | NOT_YET_RECRUITING | Sebum Metabolomics and Lipidomics for Clinical Applications |
| NCT00830908 | Not specified | COMPLETED | HairMax LaserComb Open Label Study to Treat Seborrheic Dermatitis |
| NCT01024374 | Not specified | UNKNOWN | Evaluation of the Effectiveness of a Product Containing Topical Hydrocortisone in the Treatment of Seborrheic Dermatitis of the Face |
| NCT01203189 | Not specified | COMPLETED | Seborrheic Dermatitis: Ketoconazole 2% Foam Versus Ketoconazole 2% Shampoo |
| NCT01315951 | Not specified | TERMINATED | Petrolatum’s Effect on Initial Symptoms of Nonscalp Seborrheic Dermatitis and Preventing Exacerbation |
| NCT02349854 | Not specified | COMPLETED | Neurobiology of the Scalp in Seborrheic Dermatitis |
| NCT02494297 | Not specified | COMPLETED | DUS on the Prescribing Indications for CPA/EE in 5 European Countries |
| NCT02656368 | Not specified | COMPLETED | Safety and Efficacy of SEBORRHEAMEDIS Face Cream in Patients With Seborrheic Dermatitis |
| NCT03807453 | Not specified | COMPLETED | Comparison of Scalp Microbiota of the Psoriasis and Seborrheic Dermatitis Patients |
| NCT04472546 | Not specified | COMPLETED | Use of the SpiderMass for in Vivo Analysis of the Skin in Five Chronic Inflammatory Dermatosis |
| NCT05105139 | Not specified | COMPLETED | Study to Evaluate the Safety of Sebryl® and Sebryl Plus® in Seborrheic Dermatitis and Psoriasis of Scalp |
| NCT05319444 | Not specified | SUSPENDED | Cleansing Device for the Treatment of Scalp and Hair Conditions |
| NCT07297446 | Not specified | COMPLETED | Phenotypic and Functional Profile of Peripheral Blood Lymphomonocytes in Seborrheic Dermatitis. |
| NCT07428915 | Not specified | COMPLETED | Evaluating Legit.Health Plus Support for Improving Diagnosis of Generalized Pustular Psoriasis and Other Skin Conditions Among Primary Care Physicians and Dermatologists |
| NCT07576023 | Not specified | COMPLETED | A 4-weeks Comparative Study of Cosmetic Product Versus Standard Medical Care in Subjects With Seborrheic Dermatitis |
Drugs tested across these trials (top 30)
| Molecule | Max phase | Trials referencing |
|---|---|---|
| CICLOPIROX | 4 | 2 |
| KETOCONAZOLE | 4 | 2 |
| LEVOKETOCONAZOLE | 4 | 2 |
| BACITRACIN | 4 | 1 |
| CLIOQUINOL | 4 | 1 |
| CRISABOROLE | 4 | 1 |
| ISOTRETINOIN | 4 | 1 |
| PIMECROLIMUS | 4 | 1 |
| POLYMYXIN B | 4 | 1 |
| ROFLUMILAST | 4 | 1 |
| SALICYLIC ACID | 4 | 1 |
| TRICLOSAN | 4 | 1 |
| COAL TAR | 3 | 1 |
| OMIGANAN | 3 | 1 |
| POWDERED CELLULOSE | 3 | 1 |
| ALLANTOIN | 2 | 1 |
| IDREBORMILAST | 2 | 1 |
| CHEMBL328863 | 0 | 2 |
| CHEMBL75 | 0 | 2 |
| CHEMBL1230080 | 0 | 1 |
| CHEMBL2397513 | 0 | 1 |
| CHEMBL373756 | 0 | 1 |
| CHEMBL3764363 | 0 | 1 |
| CHEMBL3989738 | 0 | 1 |
| CHEMBL4096945 | 0 | 1 |
| CHEMBL4209556 | 0 | 1 |
| CHEMBL4303306 | 0 | 1 |
| CHEMBL4636958 | 0 | 1 |
| CHEMBL5281080 | 0 | 1 |
Related Atlas pages
- Cohort genes: TACR1, MAST4, PRICKLE2, ELAPOR2, SENP2, EVA1A, SHISA6, PIRT, GRM3
- Drugs: Ciclopirox, Ketoconazole, Levoketoconazole, Bacitracin, Clioquinol, Crisaborole, Isotretinoin, Pimecrolimus, Polymyxin B, Roflumilast, Salicylic Acid, Triclosan, Coal Tar, Omiganan, Powdered Cellulose