Syphilis

Summary

Syphilis (MONDO:0005976) is a disease (an umbrella term covering 10 Mondo subtypes) and 91 clinical trials. Top therapeutic interventions include doxycycline anhydrous, penicillin g, and cefixime. A subtype of primary bacterial infectious disease — broader associated-gene and molecular evidence is on the parent page (see Disease family below).

At a glance

• Umbrella term: 10 Mondo subtypes
• Clinical trials: 91

Clinical features

No curated clinical features (Orphanet) for this disease.

Identifiers

Disease identifiers

Field	Value
Canonical name	syphilis
Mondo ID	MONDO:0005976
EFO	EFO:0007504
MeSH	D013587
DOID	DOID:4166
ICD-11	455894495
NCIT	C35055
SNOMED CT	76272004
UMLS	C0039128
MedGen	21447
GARD	0027732
MedDRA	10062120
Is cancer (heuristic)	no

Also known as: Treponema pallidum caused disease or disorder · Treponema pallidum disease or disorder · Treponema pallidum infectious disease

Disease family

This is a subtype of primary bacterial infectious disease. Genetic, therapeutic, and trial evidence is largely curated at the broader-term level — see the parent page for the associated-gene cohort and molecular evidence.

Classification path: disease › human disease › disease by etiologic mechanism › disease of primarily extrinsic mechanism › infectious disease › bacterial infectious disease › primary bacterial infectious disease › syphilis

Related subtypes (36): Buruli ulcer disease, sennetsu fever, salmonellosis, pinta disease, chancroid, gonorrhea, anthrax infection, leprosy, botulism, diphtheria, tetanus, bartonellosis, brucellosis, campylobacteriosis, glanders, granuloma inguinale, legionellosis, leptospirosis, listeriosis, Mycobacterium avium complex disease, ornithosis, rhinoscleroma, staphyloenterotoxemia, cholera, ehrlichiosis, melioidosis, tuberculosis, tularemia, plague, Q fever, shigellosis, Lyme disease, relapsing fever, spirillary rat-bite fever, streptobacillary rat-bite fever, Borrelia miyamotoi disease

Subtypes (10): bejel, primary syphilis, secondary syphilis, tertiary syphilis, congenital syphilis, latent syphilis, yaws, cutaneous syphilis, syphilitic aortitis, chancre

Genetics & variants

GWAS landscape

No GWAS associations recorded — common-variant (GWAS) studies don’t cover this disease (typical for Mendelian / rare diseases). See the curated gene cohort and Mendelian overlap below.

Variant details and genetic-evidence tiers

No tiered GWAS variants or ClinVar records for this disease.

Genes & proteins

No associated-gene cohort resolved for this disease. Atlas builds the molecular and therapeutic sections — associated genes, protein families, druggability, pathways, interactions, and drug associations — by aggregating over a disease’s associated genes (resolved via GWAS / GenCC / ClinVar / CIViC), and none resolved here. This is expected for antibody-mediated, autoimmune, or otherwise non-gene-defined conditions; the curated evidence for this disease is its clinical features, GWAS susceptibility, and clinical trials (above).

Function

No pathway enrichment — requires an associated-gene cohort.

Therapeutics

Drugs indicated for this disease

0 approved, 3 in late-stage (phase 3) trials. Disease-direct ChEMBL indications, not inferred from the associated-gene cohort below.

Drug	Development status
Azithromycin	Phase 3 (in late-stage trials)
Cefixime	Phase 3 (in late-stage trials)
Linezolid	Phase 3 (in late-stage trials)

Earlier-phase candidates (phase 2, investigational — efficacy not yet established): Penicillin G.

Clinical trials & evidence

Clinical trials

Clinical trials: 91.

Phase distribution (across all retrieved trials)

Phase	Trials
Not specified	62
PHASE4	13
PHASE3	7
PHASE2	7
PHASE1/PHASE2	1
PHASE1	1

Top trials by phase / activity

NCT	Phase	Status	Title
NCT06188442	PHASE4	RECRUITING	Superiority of On-demand PrEP Versus PEP on Using Doxycycline for Preventing STI in MSM
NCT06738407	PHASE4	RECRUITING	Doxycycline Prophylaxis for Prevention of Sexually Transmitted Infections
NCT02611765	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Syphilis Response to Higher Penicillin Dosage: The 2.4 Versus 7.2 Study
NCT02844634	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Tenofovir/Emtricitabine With Doxycycline for Combination HIV and Syphilis Pre-exposure Prophylaxis in HIV-negative MSM
NCT02857959	PHASE4	UNKNOWN	One Dose Versus Three Weekly Doses of Benzathine Penicillin G for Patients With Early Syphilis
NCT02864550	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Oral Doxycycline for the Prevention of Syphilis in Men Who Have Sex with Men (DaDHS)
NCT02871505	PHASE4	UNKNOWN	The Association Between Molecular Typing of Treponema Pallidum and Treatment Efficacy and Clinical Findings
NCT02884115	PHASE4	UNKNOWN	Serological Response to Retreatment of Serofast Early Syphilis Cases With Benzathine Penicillin
NCT03637660	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Phase 4 Comparative Trial of Benzathine Penicillin G for Treatment of Early Syphilis in Subjects With or Without HIV Infection
NCT03980223	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Evaluation of Doxycycline Post-exposure Prophylaxis to Reduce Sexually Transmitted Infections in PrEP Users and HIV-infected Men Who Have Sex With Men
NCT04480749	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Syphilis Self-testing to Expand Test Uptake Among Men Who Have Sex With Men (SST)
NCT05980871	PHASE4	TERMINATED	Treatment Responses of Early Syphilis to Ceftriaxone Plus Doxycycline
NCT06907316	PHASE4	TERMINATED	Cefixime Versus Benzathine Penicillin G in Treatment of Early Syphilis
NCT04958122	PHASE3	RECRUITING	Cefixime Clinical Trial
NCT00031499	PHASE3	COMPLETED	Azithromycin/Bicillin Syphilis
NCT00124878	PHASE3	UNKNOWN	Trial of Male Circumcision: HIV, Sexually Transmitted Disease (STD) and Behavioral Effects in Men, Women and the Community
NCT00425984	PHASE3	COMPLETED	Male Circumcision for HIV Prevention in Rakai, Uganda
NCT01068015	PHASE3	UNKNOWN	(Men Who Have Sex With Men) MSM Community Intervention Trial
NCT01108614	PHASE3	UNKNOWN	Injecting Drug Use Community Intervention Trial
NCT04838717	PHASE3	COMPLETED	Clinical Trial of Doxycycline VS BPG for Early Syphilis (SY-DOXY)
NCT05548426	PHASE2	ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING	Linezolid for Syphilis Pilot Study
NCT06683638	PHASE2	RECRUITING	Daily Doxycycline for Early Syphillis
NCT06791928	PHASE2	ENROLLING_BY_INVITATION	Peer Delivered HIV/Syphilis Self-Testing With Assisted Partner Notification Services
NCT00207506	PHASE1/PHASE2	COMPLETED	Lay Health Advisors for Sexually Transmitted Disease Prevention
NCT00213018	PHASE2	COMPLETED	Safety, Acceptability and Preliminary Effectiveness of Carraguard™ (PC-515) in Preventing HIV/STI Transmission
NCT00213031	PHASE2	COMPLETED	Safety, Acceptability and Preliminary Effectiveness of PC-515 for Vaginal Use as a Possible Microbicide
NCT01439503	PHASE2	COMPLETED	Safer Sex Program for Young African-American Men
NCT03660488	PHASE2	COMPLETED	Cefixime for Alternative Syphilis Treatment
NCT00213057	PHASE1	COMPLETED	Safety and Acceptability of Carraguard™ Among HIV-negative Couples in Thailand
NCT05326061	Not specified	RECRUITING	Vienna HIV Infection Via Sex Study
NCT05951751	Not specified	RECRUITING	The TRIple Elimination Model Of Mother-to-child Transmission Program (TRI-MOM)
NCT06082453	Not specified	RECRUITING	Modernizing Perinatal Syphilis Testing
NCT06428643	Not specified	RECRUITING	A Seek, Test, and Treat Intervention to Reduce Chlamydia Trachomatis Disparities
NCT06586905	Not specified	RECRUITING	A Cross-sectional Investigational Study to Evaluate the Sensitivity, Specificity, and Utility of the MedMira Inc. Multiplo® Complete Syphilis (TP/nTP) Antibody Test (POCT) to Diagnose Infectious Syphilis in Participants Attending the Sexual Health Clinic in Ottawa, Ontario.
NCT06645106	Not specified	RECRUITING	Offering Routine and Rapid Point of Care (POC) Syphilis Testing in Pregnant Patients Presenting to the Emergency Department
NCT06766331	Not specified	NOT_YET_RECRUITING	Integrated Care Versus Usual Care for Opioid Use Disorder and Infectious Diseases in Veterans
NCT06829602	Not specified	RECRUITING	The Feasibility of Implementing Syphilis Point-of-care Testing Into a Prenatal Clinic for People Facing Barriers to Care
NCT06893159	Not specified	ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING	Ayaangwaamiziwin Initiative: Carefulness and Preparedness
NCT06927843	Not specified	ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING	Investigational Study to Evaluate the DPP® Syphilis Screen & Confirm Antibody Point-of-care Test (POCT) to Diagnose Infectious Syphilis
NCT06953024	Not specified	NOT_YET_RECRUITING	Validation of Self Testing Using the INSTI Multiplex HIV1/2 Syphilis Antibody Test

Drugs tested across these trials (top 30)

Molecule	Max phase	Trials referencing
DOXYCYCLINE ANHYDROUS	4	11
PENICILLIN G	4	8
CEFIXIME	4	3
CEFTRIAXONE	4	1
LINEZOLID	4	1