Systolic heart failure

disease
On this page

Summary

Systolic heart failure (MONDO:0006993) is a disease with 5 cohort genes (15 GWAS associations across 5 studies) and 55 clinical trials. Top therapeutic interventions include cephalexin anhydrous, ferric carboxymaltose, and bacitracin.

At a glance

  • Cohort genes: 5
  • GWAS associations: 15
  • ClinVar variants: 5
  • Clinical trials: 55

Clinical features

No curated clinical features (Orphanet) for this disease.

Identifiers

Disease identifiers

FieldValue
Canonical namesystolic heart failure
Mondo IDMONDO:0006993
EFOEFO:1001207
MeSHD054143
DOIDDOID:9651
SNOMED CT417996009
UMLSC1135191
MedGen210050
MedDRA10074631
Is cancer (heuristic)no

Data availability: 5 ClinVar variants · 15 GWAS associations (5 studies).

Disease family

Classification path: disease › human disease › disease by body system or component › cardiovascular disorderheart disorderheart failurecongestive heart failuresystolic heart failure

Related subtypes (4): rheumatic congestive heart failure, cor pulmonale, diastolic heart failure, left ventricular failure

Genetics & variants

GWAS landscape

15 GWAS associations across 5 studies. Top hits map to 7 distinct genes (as reported by GWAS).

Top associations by p-value

rsIDp-valueGeneRisk alleleOdds ratio
rs31763267e-34CDKN1AG0.13
rs104558729e-21LPAA0.14
rs49775756e-19CDKN2B-AS1C0.07
chr10:1214228361e-18G0.09
rs116420152e-18FTOC0.07
rs9454252e-17CLCNKAT0.07
rs14210855e-16FTOT0.07
rs176173372e-14BAG3C0.08
chr1:163043984e-14G0.07
rs569683469e-13MAP3K7CLC0.07
rs38071321e-12CCDC136 - FLNCT0.08
chr21:305353029e-12C0.08

Top studies (by case count)

StudyLead authorYearCasesControlsTitle
GCST90475983Verma A202431,220407,213Diversity and scale: Genetic architecture of 2068 traits in the VA Million Veteran Program.
GCST90477961Verma A20249,104109,632Diversity and scale: Genetic architecture of 2068 traits in the VA Million Veteran Program.
GCST90480182Verma A20249,104109,632Diversity and scale: Genetic architecture of 2068 traits in the VA Million Veteran Program.
GCST90477960Verma A20242,65256,189Diversity and scale: Genetic architecture of 2068 traits in the VA Million Veteran Program.
GCST90482010Verma A20242116,566Diversity and scale: Genetic architecture of 2068 traits in the VA Million Veteran Program.

Variant details and genetic-evidence tiers

Tier distribution (top 50 variants)

TierVariants
Tier 1: coding0
Tier 2: splice/UTR0
Tier 3: regulatory1
Tier 4: intronic/intergenic11

MAF distribution

BucketVariants
common (>=0.05)12
low_freq (0.01-0.05)0
rare (<0.01)0
unknown0

Functional consequences

ConsequenceCount
intron_variant7
unknown3
regulatory_region_variant1
intergenic_variant1

Top variants

rsIDChrPosAllelesMAFConsequenceGenep-valueTier
rs3176326636679512G>A0.203intron_variantCDKN1A7e-34Tier 4: intronic/intergenic
rs104558726160589086A>G0.069intron_variantLPA9e-21Tier 4: intronic/intergenic
rs4977575922124745C>G,T0.496regulatory_region_variantCDKN2B-AS16e-19Tier 3: regulatory
chr10:1214228360.211e-18Tier 4: intronic/intergenic
rs116420151653768582C>G,T0.403intron_variantFTO2e-18Tier 4: intronic/intergenic
rs945425116021917T>A,C0.315intergenic_variantCLCNKA2e-17Tier 4: intronic/intergenic
rs14210851653767042T>C0.333intron_variantFTO5e-16Tier 4: intronic/intergenic
rs1761733710119667372C>T0.166intron_variantBAG32e-14Tier 4: intronic/intergenic
chr1:163043980.324e-14Tier 4: intronic/intergenic
rs569683462129167844C>G,T0.204intron_variantMAP3K7CL9e-13Tier 4: intronic/intergenic
rs38071327128829430T>C0.136intron_variantCCDC136 - FLNC1e-12Tier 4: intronic/intergenic
chr21:305353020.159e-12Tier 4: intronic/intergenic

ClinVar germline variants

5 retrieved; paginated sample, class counts are floors:

2 benign/likely benign, 2 conflicting classifications of pathogenicity, 1 benign

ClinVarVariant (HGVS)GeneClassificationReview
45639NM_014391.3(ANKRD1):c.827C>T (p.Ala276Val)ANKRD1Conflicting classifications of pathogenicitycriteria provided, conflicting classifications
47210NM_001267550.2(TTN):c.5668C>T (p.Arg1890Cys)TTNConflicting classifications of pathogenicitycriteria provided, conflicting classifications
36010NM_001943.5(DSG2):c.1543G>A (p.Val515Ile)DSG2Benign/Likely benigncriteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts
44963NM_004415.4(DSP):c.8300C>A (p.Thr2767Asn)DSPBenign/Likely benigncriteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts
46411NM_001386795.1(DTNA):c.1438C>A (p.Pro480Thr)DTNABenigncriteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts

Genes & proteins

Mendelian disease overlap and somatic drivers

GenCC: 0 · Orphanet: 30 · OMIM-shared: 0 · Dual-evidence (GWAS+Mendelian): 0

Orphanet rare-disease linkage (cohort genes)

GeneOrphanet IDRare disease
TTNOrphanet:140922Titin-related limb-girdle muscular dystrophy R10
TTNOrphanet:154Familial isolated dilated cardiomyopathy
TTNOrphanet:169186Autosomal recessive centronuclear myopathy
TTNOrphanet:178464Hereditary myopathy with early respiratory failure
TTNOrphanet:289377Early-onset myopathy with fatal cardiomyopathy
TTNOrphanet:293888Inherited isolated arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy, dominant-left variant
TTNOrphanet:293899Inherited isolated arrhythmogenic ventricular dysplasia, biventricular variant
TTNOrphanet:293910Inherited isolated arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy, dominant-right variant
TTNOrphanet:324604Classic multiminicore myopathy
TTNOrphanet:334Hereditary atrial fibrillation
TTNOrphanet:466921Childhood-onset progressive contractures-limb-girdle weakness-muscle dystrophy syndrome
TTNOrphanet:609Tibial muscular dystrophy
TTNOrphanet:707983Early-onset autosomal recessive TTN-related distal myopathy
ANKRD1Orphanet:154Familial isolated dilated cardiomyopathy
DSG2Orphanet:154Familial isolated dilated cardiomyopathy
DSG2Orphanet:293888Inherited isolated arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy, dominant-left variant
DSG2Orphanet:293899Inherited isolated arrhythmogenic ventricular dysplasia, biventricular variant
DSG2Orphanet:293910Inherited isolated arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy, dominant-right variant
DSPOrphanet:154Familial isolated dilated cardiomyopathy
DSPOrphanet:158687Lethal acantholytic erosive disorder
DSPOrphanet:2032Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis
DSPOrphanet:293165Skin fragility-woolly hair-palmoplantar keratoderma syndrome
DSPOrphanet:293888Inherited isolated arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy, dominant-left variant
DSPOrphanet:293899Inherited isolated arrhythmogenic ventricular dysplasia, biventricular variant
DSPOrphanet:293910Inherited isolated arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy, dominant-right variant
DSPOrphanet:369992Severe dermatitis-multiple allergies-metabolic wasting syndrome
DSPOrphanet:476096Erythrokeratodermia-cardiomyopathy syndrome
DSPOrphanet:50942Striate palmoplantar keratoderma
DSPOrphanet:65282Carvajal syndrome
DTNAOrphanet:54260Left ventricular noncompaction

Cohort genes → proteins

5 cohort genes, 5 distinct canonical proteins.

Evidence partition

SubsetGenes
multi_evidence5

Cohort genes (full)

SymbolHGNCEnsemblUniProtNameEvidence
TTNHGNC:12403ENSG00000155657Q8WZ42Titinclinvar
ANKRD1HGNC:15819ENSG00000148677Q15327Ankyrin repeat domain-containing protein 1clinvar
DSG2HGNC:3049ENSG00000046604Q14126Desmoglein-2clinvar
DSPHGNC:3052ENSG00000096696P15924Desmoplakinclinvar
DTNAHGNC:3057ENSG00000134769Q9Y4J8Dystrobrevin alphaclinvar

Cohort function summary

Lead sentence per gene, UniProt-curated.

SymbolProtein nameFunction (lead sentence)
TTNTitinKey component in the assembly and functioning of vertebrate striated muscles.
ANKRD1Ankyrin repeat domain-containing protein 1May play an important role in endothelial cell activation.
DSG2Desmoglein-2A component of desmosome cell-cell junctions which are required for positive regulation of cellular adhesion.
DSPDesmoplakinA component of desmosome cell-cell junctions which are required for positive regulation of cellular adhesion.
DTNADystrobrevin alphaMay be involved in the formation and stability of synapses as well as being involved in the clustering of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors.

Protein-family classification

Druggable: 1 · Difficult: 3 · Unknown: 1 · Druggable fraction: 0.2

Family distribution

Cohort families vs a genome-wide background (hypergeometric, BH-FDR; fold = observed/expected). Counts kept; sorted by enrichment, so the catch-all Other/Unknown bucket no longer leads.

FamilyGenesFoldFDR
Scaffold/PPI26.9×0.119
Kinase15.5×0.336
Transcription factor11.6×0.634
Other/Unknown10.4×0.983

Per-gene assignment

SymbolFamilyDruggable?ECInterPro (top 3)
TTNKinaseyes2.7.11.1Prot_kinase_dom, Ig_sub2, Ig_sub
ANKRD1Scaffold/PPInoAnkyrin_rpt, Ankyrin_rpt-contain_sf
DSG2Other/UnknownnoCadherin-like_dom, Desmosomal_cadherin, Cadherin-like_sf
DSPScaffold/PPInoPlectin_repeat, SH3_domain, Spectrin/alpha-actinin
DTNATranscription factornoZnf_ZZ, EF-hand-dom_pair, EF-hand_dom_typ1

Expression context

Cohort genes with no expression data: 0.

5 cohort genes are a single-cell marker in ≥1 SCXA experiment.

Breadth distribution (Bgee present_calls)

BucketGenes
narrow (1-5 tissues)0
moderate (6-20)0
broad (>20)5
unknown0

Top tissues across cohort

TissueCohort genes
biceps brachii1
gluteal muscle1
skeletal muscle tissue of biceps brachii1
apex of heart1
cardiac atrium1
right atrium auricular region1
colonic mucosa1
jejunal mucosa1
mucosa of sigmoid colon1
hair follicle1
skin of hip1
upper leg skin1
C1 segment of cervical spinal cord1
globus pallidus1
medial globus pallidus1

Per-gene tissue summary (top 30)

SymbolBgee breadthFANTOM5 breadthSCXATop tissues
TTN223broadmarkerbiceps brachii, gluteal muscle, skeletal muscle tissue of biceps brachii
ANKRD1155ubiquitousmarkerapex of heart, right atrium auricular region, cardiac atrium
DSG2238ubiquitousmarkermucosa of sigmoid colon, colonic mucosa, jejunal mucosa
DSP253ubiquitousmarkerskin of hip, upper leg skin, hair follicle
DTNA266ubiquitousmarkermedial globus pallidus, globus pallidus, C1 segment of cervical spinal cord

Protein interactions among cohort

Intra-cohort edges: 2.

Hub genes (top 10 by interactor count)

SymbolInteractor count
TTN4,237
DSP2,897
ANKRD12,441
DSG22,033
DTNA1,738

Intra-cohort edges

ABSources
ANKRD1TTNbiogrid_interaction, string_interaction
DSG2DSPstring_interaction

Structural data

PDB: 4 · AlphaFold-only: 1 · No structure: 0

Cohort genes with PDB structures (top 30)

SymbolUniProtPDB entries
TTNQ8WZ4264
DSG2Q1412612
DSPP159244
DTNAQ9Y4J81

AlphaFold-only cohort genes (top 30 by pLDDT)

SymbolUniProtpLDDT
ANKRD1Q1532782.64

Function

Pathway analysis

Distinct Reactome pathways touched by cohort: 16. Enrichment computed across 5 evidence-associated genes (5 with Reactome annotation).

Pathways by enrichment

Over-representation of cohort genes vs the genome-wide background (hypergeometric test, Benjamini-Hochberg FDR; fold = observed/expected over 5 annotated cohort genes). Counts and members are kept as ground-truth; sorted by enrichment.

PathwayCohort genesFoldFDRSample cohort genes
Apoptotic cleavage of cell adhesion proteins2415.3×1e-04DSG2, DSP
Formation of the cornified envelope235.1×0.010DSG2, DSP
Keratinization222.3×0.017DSG2, DSP
Striated Muscle Contraction161.7×0.044TTN
Formation of the dystrophin-glycoprotein complex (DGC)161.7×0.044DTNA
RND1 GTPase cycle153.1×0.044DSP
RND3 GTPase cycle151.9×0.044DSP
RHOG GTPase cycle129.7×0.060DSG2
Regulation of lipid metabolism by PPARalpha128.2×0.060ANKRD1
RAC2 GTPase cycle125.4×0.060DSG2
RAC3 GTPase cycle123.8×0.060DSG2
PPARA activates gene expression118.9×0.068ANKRD1
Platelet degranulation117.6×0.068TTN
Metabolism of lipids16.3×0.170ANKRD1
Neutrophil degranulation14.6×0.212DSP
Metabolism12.3×0.362ANKRD1

GO biological processes by enrichment

Over-representation of cohort genes vs the genome-wide background (hypergeometric test, Benjamini-Hochberg FDR; fold = observed/expected over 5 annotated cohort genes). Counts and members are kept as ground-truth; sorted by enrichment.

GO termCohort genesFoldFDRSample cohort genes
bundle of His cell-Purkinje myocyte adhesion involved in cell communication2963.0×7e-05DSG2, DSP
desmosome organization2842.6×7e-05DSG2, DSP
cardiac muscle tissue morphogenesis2561.7×8e-05TTN, ANKRD1
regulation of ventricular cardiac muscle cell action potential2561.7×8e-05DSG2, DSP
striated muscle contraction2337.0×2e-04TTN, DTNA
sarcomere organization2153.2×7e-04TTN, ANKRD1
regulation of heart rate by cardiac conduction2149.8×7e-04DSG2, DSP
positive regulation of protein secretion2137.6×7e-04TTN, ANKRD1
Purkinje myocyte development11685.2×0.005DSG2
skeletal muscle myosin thick filament assembly11123.5×0.005TTN
sarcomerogenesis11123.5×0.005TTN
positive regulation of protein localization to cell-cell junction11123.5×0.005DSG2
cell-cell adhesion240.6×0.005DSG2, DSP
negative regulation of endothelial cell differentiation1674.1×0.007DSG2
skeletal muscle thin filament assembly1561.7×0.008TTN
phospholipase C/protein kinase C signal transduction1561.7×0.008ANKRD1
ventricular compact myocardium morphogenesis1481.5×0.008DSP
detection of muscle stretch1481.5×0.008TTN
protein localization to cell-cell junction1374.5×0.009DSP
negative regulation of DNA biosynthetic process1374.5×0.009ANKRD1
cardiac muscle hypertrophy1337.0×0.009TTN
negative regulation of inflammatory response to wounding1337.0×0.009DSG2
mesenchymal to epithelial transition1306.4×0.010DSG2
synaptic signaling1306.4×0.010DTNA
obsolete protein kinase A signaling1280.9×0.010TTN
peptide cross-linking1280.9×0.010DSP
cardiac myofibril assembly1259.3×0.010TTN
epithelial cell-cell adhesion1240.7×0.010DSP
muscle filament sliding1210.7×0.011TTN
mitotic chromosome condensation1198.3×0.011TTN

Therapeutics

Drugs indicated for this disease

0 approved, 2 in late-stage (phase 3) trials. Disease-direct ChEMBL indications, not inferred from the associated-gene cohort below.

DrugDevelopment status
HUMAN NEUREGULIN-1 RECOMBINANT (177-237)Phase 3 (in late-stage trials)
UdenafilPhase 3 (in late-stage trials)

Earlier-phase candidates (phase 2, investigational — efficacy not yet established): Ivabradine, Metformin, Niacin, Probenecid, Rifaximin.

Drug target analysis

Approved (phase 4): 0 · Phase ≥3: 0 · Phased (≥1): 0 · Undrugged: 5

Druggability breadth: 2 of 5 evidence-associated genes (40%) have a ChEMBL target (buckets above are over the deeply-mined display cohort).

Top cohort targets by molecule count

SymbolMoleculesMax phase
TTN00
ANKRD100
DSG200
DSP00
DTNA00

Bioactivity and enzyme data

Enzyme cohort genes (≥1 EC): 1.

Cohort genes with ChEMBL bioactivity (full, sorted by assay count)

SymbolAssaysType breakdown
DSP2Binding:2
TTN1Binding:1

Cohort enzymes (BRENDA EC)

SymbolEC numbersNames
TTN2.7.11.1non-specific serine/threonine protein kinase

Pharmacogenomics

Cohort genes with a PharmGKB record: 5; with CPIC/DPWG dosing guidelines: 0.

No cohort gene has a CPIC/DPWG genotype-guided dosing guideline (PharmGKB).

Chemical tractability of cohort targets

0 approved/phased compounds have measured bioactivity against a cohort gene (and aren’t yet in disease-level trials). This is a research / tractability signal, NOT a therapeutic recommendation — a bioactivity row often reflects off-target or screening binding (e.g. promiscuous kinase inhibitors against a cohort kinase), implying no disease mechanism.

Druggability pyramid

Cohort genes binned by druggability tier (high → low):

TierDefinitionGenesSymbols
AApproved (phase 4 drug)0
BPhased (≥1) drug, not yet approved0
CDruggable family + PDB, no drug1TTN
DDruggable family + AlphaFold only, no drug0
EDifficult family or no structure, no drug4ANKRD1, DSG2, DSP, DTNA

Undrugged target profiles

5 cohort genes are undrugged. Ranked by ‘starting-point quality’ (assay depth + drugged-partner adjacency).

SymbolChEMBL assaysDrugged partners (top 3)
TTN1
ANKRD10
DSG20
DSP2
DTNA0

Clinical trials & evidence

Clinical trials

Clinical trials: 55.

Phase distribution (across all retrieved trials)

PhaseTrials
Not specified32
PHASE48
PHASE37
PHASE23
PHASE13
PHASE2/PHASE32

Top trials by phase / activity

NCTPhaseStatusTitle
NCT03984591PHASE4ENROLLING_BY_INVITATIONA Registry-based Cluster Randomized Trial to Compare the Effect of Spironolactone vs. Eplerenone on Clinical Outcomes in Patients With Symptomatic Systolic Heart Failure
NCT00348530PHASE4UNKNOWNCarvedilol Versus Verapamil in Chronic Heart Failure Secondary to Non-Ischemic Cardiomyopathy
NCT01765400PHASE4COMPLETEDPlatelet Inhibition in Patients With Systolic Heart Failure
NCT02316743PHASE4UNKNOWNEffects of Levothyroxine Supplementation in Patients With Systolic Heart Failure and Subclinical Hypothyroidism
NCT02903225PHASE4COMPLETEDClinical Value of Heart Rate Variability Indexes to Predict Outcomes After Exercise Training in Chronic Heart Failure
NCT03036462PHASE4COMPLETEDIntravenous Iron in Patients With Systolic Heart Failure and Iron Deficiency to Improve Morbidity & Mortality
NCT03764722PHASE4UNKNOWNEffectiveness of a Repetitive Use of 24-hour Levosimendan Infusions in Patients With Severe Systolic Heart Failure in Order to Prevent Rehospitalizations
NCT03871699PHASE4UNKNOWNFerric Carboximaltose on Intra-myocardial Iron Load in Patients With Heart Failure
NCT01362725PHASE2/PHASE3COMPLETEDSpinal Cord Stimulation For Heart Failure
NCT01439893PHASE3TERMINATEDStudy of Efficacy on Cardiac Remodeling of Recombinant Human Neuregulin-1 in Stable Chronic Systolic Heart Failure Patients
NCT01639378PHASE3UNKNOWNRenal Artery Denervation in Chronic Heart Failure Study
NCT01646515PHASE3TERMINATEDUdenafil Therapy to Improve Symptomatology, Exercise Tolerance and Hemodynamics in Patients With Chronic Systolic Heart Failure
NCT02188082PHASE2/PHASE3UNKNOWNClinical Trial of Systolic Heart Failure Treatment of IvabRadine Hemisulfate Sustained-release Tablets (FIRST)
NCT02809131PHASE3COMPLETEDPerioperative Antibiotic Therapy to Prevent Cardiac Implantable Electronic Device Infections.
NCT03991000PHASE3TERMINATEDIron in Patients With Cardiovascular Disease
NCT04468529PHASE3COMPLETEDEvaluate the Effect of Injectable Neucardin on the Cardiac Function of Subjects With Chronic Systolic Heart Failure
NCT05949801PHASE3COMPLETEDEvaluation of the Effect of Injectable Neucardin on Cardiac Function and Reversal Ventricular Remodeling in Patients With Chronic Systolic Heart Failure
NCT01814319PHASE2COMPLETEDRepurposing Probenecid as a Positive Inotrope for the Treatment of Heart Failure
NCT01935622PHASE2TERMINATEDSafety and Efficacy of Doxycycline in Patients With Non-Ischemic Cardiomyopathy
NCT02637167PHASE2UNKNOWNGutHeart: Targeting Gut Microbiota to Treat Heart Failure
NCT01224899PHASE1COMPLETEDSurgical Sympathetic Blockade in Heart Failure
NCT03504891PHASE1UNKNOWNCardiac MRI for Optimal Heart Failure Outcomes With CRT Upgrades
NCT03534297PHASE1COMPLETEDStudy of Dapansutrile Capsules in Heart Failure
NCT05230732Not specifiedRECRUITINGNeuromodulation of Inflammation and Endothelial Function
NCT06671015Not specifiedRECRUITINGA Trial Comparing High-Flow Nasal Cannula Versus Noninvasive Ventilation on Reintubation and Post-Extubation Respiratory Failure in High-Risk Patients With Systolic Heart Failure
NCT00709241Not specifiedCOMPLETEDPsychosocial Patterns and Prognosis in Patients With Heart Failure
NCT00833352Not specifiedCOMPLETEDComparison of Right Ventricular Septal and Right Ventricular Apical Pacing in Patients Receiving a CRT-D Device
NCT00949676Not specifiedUNKNOWNDECIDE-HF: Heart Rate Variability in Heart Failure Patients
NCT01127334Not specifiedWITHDRAWNPilot Study Using Echocardiography to Evaluate Patients With Heart Failure and Dyssynchrony Who Have a CRT-D Device
NCT01139697Not specifiedCOMPLETEDHair Cortisol and Testosterone in Heart Failure
NCT01347567Not specifiedCOMPLETEDHeart Failure (HF) Outpatient Monitoring Evaluation (HOME) Study
NCT01566344Not specifiedUNKNOWNReversal of Cardiomyopathy by Suppression of Frequent Premature Ventricular Complexes
NCT01640769Not specifiedCOMPLETEDImaging Study of Allocation of Pacing Targets in Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy
NCT01653821Not specifiedCOMPLETEDSurgical Removal of Carotid Body in Patients With Systolic Heart Failure
NCT01735916Not specifiedTERMINATEDMIRACLE EF Clinical Study
NCT01782677Not specifiedCOMPLETEDBilateral Surgical Resection of Carotid Bodies in Patients With Systolic Heart Failure
NCT01932294Not specifiedCOMPLETEDMedical Arm of the Interagency Registry for Mechanically Assisted Circulatory Support
NCT02018497Not specifiedUNKNOWNEssential Hypotension and Allostasis Registry
NCT02026102Not specifiedCOMPLETEDA Pilot Trial of Patient Decision Aids for Implantable Cardioverter-Defibrillators (ICDs)
NCT02084992Not specifiedCOMPLETEDA Study of a Technology-enabled Disease Management Program to Reduce Hospitalizations for Heart Failure

Drugs tested across these trials (top 30)

MoleculeMax phaseTrials referencing
CEPHALEXIN ANHYDROUS43
FERRIC CARBOXYMALTOSE42
BACITRACIN41
EPLERENONE41
LEVOTHYROXINE41
PROBENECID41
RIFAXIMIN41
SPIRONOLACTONE41
VERAPAMIL41
HUMAN NEUREGULIN-1 RECOMBINANT (177-237)32
LEVOSIMENDAN31
UDENAFIL31
DAPANSUTRILE21
DEXVERAPAMIL21
CHEMBL156222301
CHEMBL3045801
CHEMBL376436301
CHEMBL409694501
CHEMBL420955601
CHEMBL430330601