Trigeminal neuralgia
diseaseOn this page
Also known as neuralgia of trigeminal nervetrigeminal nerve neuralgia
Summary
Trigeminal neuralgia (MONDO:0008599) is a disease and 123 clinical trials. Top therapeutic interventions include carbamazepine, dextromethorphan, and guanfacine. A subtype of central nervous system disorder — broader associated-gene and molecular evidence is on the parent page (see Disease family below).
At a glance
- Prevalence: Unknown (Worldwide) [Orphanet-validated]
- Phenotypes (HPO): 17
- Clinical trials: 123
Clinical features
Epidemiology
Prevalence records
2 prevalence record(s), Orphanet:
| Type | Class | Value | Geography | Validation |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Annual incidence | 1-9 / 100 000 | 4.3 | United States | Validated |
| Annual incidence | 1-9 / 100 000 | 8 | United Kingdom | Validated |
Signs & symptoms
Clinical features (HPO)
17 HPO clinical features (Orphanet curated; top 17 by frequency):
| HPO ID | Term | Frequency |
|---|---|---|
| HP:0100661 | Trigeminal neuralgia | Obligate (100%) |
| HP:0000716 | Depression | Very frequent (80-99%) |
| HP:0012199 | Cluster headache | Very frequent (80-99%) |
| HP:0012533 | Allodynia | Very frequent (80-99%) |
| HP:0000183 | Tongue muscle weakness | Frequent (30-79%) |
| HP:0000740 | Episodic paroxysmal anxiety | Frequent (30-79%) |
| HP:0002465 | Poor speech | Frequent (30-79%) |
| HP:0003401 | Paresthesia | Frequent (30-79%) |
| HP:0003474 | Somatic sensory dysfunction | Frequent (30-79%) |
| HP:0004948 | Vascular tortuosity | Frequent (30-79%) |
| HP:0011968 | Feeding difficulties | Frequent (30-79%) |
| HP:0200025 | Mandibular pain | Frequent (30-79%) |
| HP:0001293 | Cranial nerve compression | Occasional (5-29%) |
| HP:0002664 | Neoplasm | Occasional (5-29%) |
| HP:0007305 | CNS demyelination | Occasional (5-29%) |
| HP:0011096 | Peripheral demyelination | Occasional (5-29%) |
| HP:0200026 | Ocular pain | Occasional (5-29%) |
Identifiers
Disease identifiers
| Field | Value |
|---|---|
| Canonical name | trigeminal neuralgia |
| Mondo ID | MONDO:0008599 |
| EFO | EFO:1001219 |
| MeSH | D014277 |
| OMIM | 190400 |
| Orphanet | 221091 |
| DOID | DOID:12098 |
| ICD-10-CM | G50.0 |
| ICD-11 | 1803581281 |
| SNOMED CT | 31681005 |
| UMLS | C0040997 |
| MedGen | 21683 |
| GARD | 0007805 |
| MedDRA | 10044652 |
| NORD | 1791 |
| Anatomy (UBERON) | UBERON:0001645 |
| Is cancer (heuristic) | no |
Also known as: neuralgia of trigeminal nerve · trigeminal nerve neuralgia · trigeminal neuralgia
Disease family
This is a subtype of central nervous system disorder. Genetic, therapeutic, and trial evidence is largely curated at the broader-term level — see the parent page for the associated-gene cohort and molecular evidence.
Classification path: disease › human disease › disease by body system or component › nervous system disorder › central nervous system disorder › trigeminal neuralgia
Related subtypes (18): autoimmune disorder of central nervous system, autonomic nervous system disorder, optic nerve disorder, spinal cord disorder, high pressure neurological syndrome, central nervous system vasculitis, encephalomyelitis, neurodegenerative disease, brain disorder, central nervous system neoplasm, palsy, infantile cerebral and cerebellar atrophy with postnatal progressive microcephaly, sporadic fetal brain disruption sequence, congenital narrowing of cervical spinal canal, central nervous system infectious disorder, cerebrospinal fluid leak, SPAST-related motor disorder, tinnitus
Genetics & variants
GWAS landscape
No GWAS associations recorded — common-variant (GWAS) studies don’t cover this disease (typical for Mendelian / rare diseases). See the curated gene cohort and Mendelian overlap below.
Variant details and genetic-evidence tiers
No tiered GWAS variants or ClinVar records for this disease.
Genes & proteins
No associated-gene cohort resolved for this disease. Atlas builds the molecular and therapeutic sections — associated genes, protein families, druggability, pathways, interactions, and drug associations — by aggregating over a disease’s associated genes (resolved via GWAS / GenCC / ClinVar / CIViC), and none resolved here. This is expected for antibody-mediated, autoimmune, or otherwise non-gene-defined conditions; the curated evidence for this disease is its clinical features, GWAS susceptibility, and clinical trials (above).
Function
No pathway enrichment — requires an associated-gene cohort.
Therapeutics
Drugs indicated for this disease
1 approved, 4 in late-stage (phase 3) trials. Disease-direct ChEMBL indications, not inferred from the associated-gene cohort below.
| Drug | Development status |
|---|---|
| Carbamazepine | Approved (phase 4) |
| Amifostine | Phase 3 (in late-stage trials) |
| Onabotulinumtoxina | Phase 3 (in late-stage trials) |
| Sodium Chloride | Phase 3 (in late-stage trials) |
| Vixotrigine | Phase 3 (in late-stage trials) |
Earlier-phase candidates (phase 2, investigational — efficacy not yet established): Carbon Dioxide, Erenumab, Guanfacine, Incobotulinumtoxina, Lidocaine, Rimegepant.
Clinical trials & evidence
Clinical trials
Clinical trials: 123.
Phase distribution (across all retrieved trials)
| Phase | Trials |
|---|---|
| Not specified | 82 |
| PHASE2 | 11 |
| PHASE4 | 8 |
| PHASE1 | 7 |
| PHASE3 | 5 |
| PHASE1/PHASE2 | 5 |
| PHASE2/PHASE3 | 3 |
| EARLY_PHASE1 | 2 |
Top trials by phase / activity
| NCT | Phase | Status | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| NCT06216886 | PHASE4 | RECRUITING | OnabotulinumtoxinA for Trigeminal Neuralgia |
| NCT06849219 | PHASE4 | ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING | Comparison of Oxcarbazepine Versus Carbamazepine in the Management of Trigeminal Neuralgia |
| NCT01447108 | PHASE4 | COMPLETED | Surface Acoustic Wave Ultrasound in Trigeminal Neuralgia Pain |
| NCT03152955 | PHASE4 | UNKNOWN | Postoperative Analgesia in Patients With Microvascular Decompression |
| NCT03374709 | PHASE4 | WITHDRAWN | Oxtellar Extended Release (Oxcarbazepine Extended Release) Patients With Trigeminal Neuralgia |
| NCT04158752 | PHASE4 | COMPLETED | Anti-CGRP for Inflammation and Pain Modulation in Small Fiber Neuropathy/Fibromyalgia |
| NCT04570293 | PHASE4 | COMPLETED | 5% Lidocaine-medicated Plaster for the Treatment of Trigeminal Neuralgia |
| NCT04996199 | PHASE4 | UNKNOWN | Comparision Efficacy of Carbamazepine & Oxcarbazepine in the Treatment of Trigeminal Neuralgia- a Randomised Clinical Trial |
| NCT05217628 | PHASE2/PHASE3 | ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING | An Efficacy and Safety Study of Basimglurant (NOE-101) in Patients With Trigeminal Neuralgia. |
| NCT00349050 | PHASE2/PHASE3 | WITHDRAWN | Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS) Effects on Pain Perception |
| NCT00913107 | PHASE2/PHASE3 | COMPLETED | Efficacy and Safety Study of Lamotrigine to Treat Trigeminal Neuralgia |
| NCT01364259 | PHASE3 | TERMINATED | A Study of Amifostine for Prevention of Facial Numbness in Radiosurgery Treatment of Trigeminal Neuralgia |
| NCT03070132 | PHASE3 | WITHDRAWN | 802NP301 Efficacy and Safety Study of BIIB074 in Participants With Trigeminal Neuralgia |
| NCT03331913 | PHASE3 | UNKNOWN | Botulinum Toxin for Trigeminal Neuralgia |
| NCT03637387 | PHASE3 | WITHDRAWN | 802NP302 Efficacy and Safety Study of BIIB074 in Participants With Trigeminal Neuralgia |
| NCT06315790 | PHASE3 | UNKNOWN | Safety and Efficacy of Botulinum Toxin A in Patients With Trigeminal Neuralgia |
| NCT06410859 | PHASE2 | ENROLLING_BY_INVITATION | Botulinum Toxin Type A for Injection (HengLi®) in the Treatment of Trigeminal Neuralgia |
| NCT06949436 | PHASE2 | RECRUITING | Ultra-Early Gamma Knife Stereotactic Radiosurgery for TN |
| NCT07596485 | PHASE1/PHASE2 | RECRUITING | RP-008 in Combination With Daily Oral Varenicline for the Treatment of Trigeminal Neuralgia |
| NCT00001725 | PHASE2 | COMPLETED | Studies of Dextromethorphan and Topiramate to Treat Oral and Facial Pain |
| NCT00866424 | PHASE1/PHASE2 | UNKNOWN | Clinical Trial of Hyperbaric Oxygen Treatment in Trigeminal Neuralgia Patients |
| NCT01540630 | PHASE2 | COMPLETED | A Phase IIa Withdrawal Study of CNV1014802 in Patients With Trigeminal Neuralgia |
| NCT02088632 | PHASE2 | TERMINATED | Incobotulinum Toxin for the Treatment of Trigeminal Neuralgia |
| NCT02473016 | PHASE2 | COMPLETED | Nasal Carbon Dioxide for the Symptomatic Treatment of Classical Trigeminal Neuralgia |
| NCT02624661 | PHASE1/PHASE2 | TERMINATED | Glycerol Block of the Trigeminal Ganglion in Trigeminal Neuralgia Using a New Neuronavigation-based Surgical Technique |
| NCT02662972 | PHASE1/PHASE2 | COMPLETED | Botulinum Toxin Type A Block of the Sphenopalatine Ganglion in Trigeminal Neuralgia. Safety Issues. |
| NCT03865940 | PHASE2 | COMPLETED | Efficacy of Guanfacine and Lidocaine Combination in Trigeminal Nerve Block for Pain Management in Trigeminal Neuropathy |
| NCT03941834 | PHASE2 | TERMINATED | Trial for Treatment Refractory Trigeminal Neuralgia |
| NCT04054024 | PHASE2 | UNKNOWN | Efficacy and Tolerability of Erenumab in Patients With Trigeminal Neuralgia |
| NCT05615714 | PHASE1/PHASE2 | UNKNOWN | Paresthesia-free Peripheral Nerve Field Stimulation for Trigeminal Neuralgia (FreeST Trial) |
| NCT06571448 | PHASE2 | COMPLETED | Efficacy, Safety, and Tolerability of SR750 in Patients With Trigeminal Neuralgia |
| NCT07304453 | PHASE2 | COMPLETED | Nucleo CMP and Neurorubine Versus Carbamazepine for Classical Trigeminal Neuralgia |
| NCT05152368 | PHASE1 | RECRUITING | Safety of Cultured Allogeneic Adult Umbilical Cord Stem Cells Exosomes for Trigeminal Neuralgia |
| NCT05451251 | PHASE1 | RECRUITING | Deep Brain Stimulation for Refractory Trigeminal Neuralgia with a Pontine Lesion |
| NCT02321566 | PHASE1 | TERMINATED | Motor Cortex Stimulation for the Treatment of Chronic Facial, Upper Extremity, and Throat Pain. |
| NCT02359344 | PHASE1 | COMPLETED | PK & Tolerability of CNV1014802 in Young and Elderly Healthy Volunteers |
| NCT02831517 | PHASE1 | COMPLETED | PK and Safety Study of BIIB074 in Healthy Japanese and Caucasian Participants |
| NCT02951221 | PHASE1 | COMPLETED | New Formulation and Food Effect Study of BIIB074 |
| NCT04353505 | PHASE1 | WITHDRAWN | Intra-arterial Sphenopalatine Ganglion Block for Patients With Refractory Headache |
| NCT05738096 | EARLY_PHASE1 | RECRUITING | Trigeminal Evoked Responses to Improve Rhizotomy |
Drugs tested across these trials (top 30)
| Molecule | Max phase | Trials referencing |
|---|---|---|
| CARBAMAZEPINE | 4 | 5 |
| DEXTROMETHORPHAN | 4 | 3 |
| GUANFACINE | 4 | 3 |
| ONDANSETRON | 4 | 3 |
| OXCARBAZEPINE | 4 | 3 |
| AMIFOSTINE | 4 | 1 |
| ERENUMAB | 4 | 1 |
| FOSPHENYTOIN | 4 | 1 |
| GALCANEZUMAB | 4 | 1 |
| GLYCERIN | 4 | 1 |
| INCOBOTULINUMTOXINA | 4 | 1 |
| LACOSAMIDE | 4 | 1 |
| OLIVE OIL | 4 | 1 |
| ONABOTULINUMTOXINA | 4 | 1 |
| RIMEGEPANT | 4 | 1 |
| SALICYLIC ACID | 4 | 1 |
| SUFENTANIL | 4 | 1 |
| VARENICLINE TARTRATE | 4 | 1 |
| VIXOTRIGINE | 3 | 5 |
| BASIMGLURANT | 2 | 1 |
| VEHICLE | 0 | 1 |