Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada disease

Summary

Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada disease (MONDO:0018092) is a disease with 9 cohort genes (4 GWAS associations across 1 studies) and 12 clinical trials. The dominant Reactome pathway is Translocation of ZAP-70 to Immunological synapse (4 cohort genes). Top therapeutic interventions include bevacizumab and s-rolipram.

At a glance

• Prevalence: 1-9 / 1 000 000 (United States) [Orphanet-validated]
• Cohort genes: 9
• GWAS associations: 4
• Phenotypes (HPO): 37
• Clinical trials: 12

Clinical features

Epidemiology

Prevalence records

1 prevalence record(s), Orphanet:

Type	Class	Value	Geography	Validation
Annual incidence	1-9 / 1 000 000	0.38	United States	Validated

Signs & symptoms

Clinical features (HPO)

37 HPO clinical features (Orphanet curated; top 37 by frequency):

HPO ID	Term	Frequency
HP:0000499	Abnormal eyelash morphology	Very frequent (80-99%)
HP:0000534	Abnormal eyebrow morphology	Very frequent (80-99%)
HP:0001045	Vitiligo	Very frequent (80-99%)
HP:0001053	Hypopigmented skin patches	Very frequent (80-99%)
HP:0002209	Sparse scalp hair	Very frequent (80-99%)
HP:0002216	Premature graying of hair	Very frequent (80-99%)
HP:0002290	Poliosis	Very frequent (80-99%)
HP:0002315	Headache	Very frequent (80-99%)
HP:0012229	CSF pleocytosis	Very frequent (80-99%)
HP:0100543	Cognitive impairment	Very frequent (80-99%)
HP:0000360	Tinnitus	Frequent (30-79%)
HP:0000407	Sensorineural hearing impairment	Frequent (30-79%)
HP:0000505	Visual impairment	Frequent (30-79%)
HP:0000518	Cataract	Frequent (30-79%)
HP:0000541	Retinal detachment	Frequent (30-79%)
HP:0000554	Uveitis	Frequent (30-79%)
HP:0000622	Blurred vision	Frequent (30-79%)
HP:0001094	Iridocyclitis	Frequent (30-79%)
HP:0004322	Short stature	Frequent (30-79%)
HP:0007787	Posterior subcapsular cataract	Frequent (30-79%)
HP:0007906	Ocular hypertension	Frequent (30-79%)
HP:0020120	Retinal nerve fiber edema	Frequent (30-79%)
HP:0030953	Conjunctival hyperemia	Frequent (30-79%)
HP:0031179	Nuchal rigidity	Frequent (30-79%)
HP:0040030	Chorioretinal hypopigmentation	Frequent (30-79%)
HP:0000501	Glaucoma	Occasional (5-29%)
HP:0000613	Photophobia	Occasional (5-29%)
HP:0001596	Alopecia	Occasional (5-29%)
HP:0001945	Fever	Occasional (5-29%)
HP:0002018	Nausea	Occasional (5-29%)
HP:0002321	Vertigo	Occasional (5-29%)
HP:0002381	Aphasia	Occasional (5-29%)
HP:0009926	Epiphora	Occasional (5-29%)
HP:0011484	Posterior synechiae of the anterior chamber	Occasional (5-29%)
HP:0025341	Corneal keratic precipitates	Occasional (5-29%)
HP:0100809	Scalp tenderness	Occasional (5-29%)
HP:6000710	Dalen Fuchs nodules	Occasional (5-29%)

Identifiers

Disease identifiers

Field	Value
Canonical name	Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada disease
Mondo ID	MONDO:0018092
MeSH	D014607
Orphanet	3437
DOID	DOID:12297
ICD-10-CM	H20.82, H30.81
NCIT	C85218
SNOMED CT	193497004
UMLS	C0042170
MedGen	22599
GARD	0007862
NORD	1829
Is cancer (heuristic)	no

Also known as: Harada’s disease · Uveomenigitic syndrome · uveomeningoencephalitic syndrome · VKH disease · VKH syndrome · Vogt-Koyanagi syndrome · Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada syndrome

Data availability: 4 GWAS associations (1 study).

Disease family

Classification path: disease › human disease › disease by body system or component › disorder of orbital region › eye disorder › uveal disorder › uveitis › panuveitis › Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada disease

Related subtypes (3): infectious panuveitis, idiopathic panuveitis, sympathetic ophthalmia

Genetics & variants

GWAS landscape

4 GWAS associations across 1 studies. Top hits map to 3 distinct genes (as reported by GWAS).

Top associations by p-value

rsID	p-value	Gene	Risk allele	Odds ratio
rs114800139	1e-119	HLA-DRB9	A	3.02
rs3021304	1e-118	HLA-DRB1 - HLA-DQA1	G	2.97
rs117633859	3e-21	IL23R, C1orf141	G	1.82
rs442309	3e-11	LINC02929 - ALDH7A1P4	T	1.37

Top studies (by case count)

Study	Lead author	Year	Cases	Controls	Title
GCST002562	Hou S	2014	774	2,009	Genome-wide association analysis of Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada syndrome identifies two new susceptibility loci at 1p31.2 and 10q21.3.

Variant details and genetic-evidence tiers

Tier distribution (top 50 variants)

Tier	Variants
Tier 1: coding	0
Tier 2: splice/UTR	0
Tier 3: regulatory	0
Tier 4: intronic/intergenic	4

MAF distribution

Bucket	Variants
common (>=0.05)	4
low_freq (0.01-0.05)	0
rare (<0.01)	0
unknown	0

Functional consequences

Consequence	Count
intron_variant	3
intergenic_variant	1

Top variants

rsID	Chr	Pos	Alleles	MAF	Consequence	Gene	p-value	Tier
rs114800139	6	32460938		0.345	intron_variant	HLA-DRB9	1e-119	Tier 4: intronic/intergenic
rs3021304	6	32607881	G>C,T	0.346	intergenic_variant	HLA-DRB1 - HLA-DQA1	1e-118	Tier 4: intronic/intergenic
rs117633859	1	67162145	A>G	0.095	intron_variant	IL23R, C1orf141	3e-21	Tier 4: intronic/intergenic
rs442309	10	62730735	C>A,T	0.256	intron_variant	LINC02929 - ALDH7A1P4	3e-11	Tier 4: intronic/intergenic

Genes & proteins

Mendelian disease overlap and somatic drivers

GenCC: 0 · Orphanet: 23 · OMIM-shared: 0 · Dual-evidence (GWAS+Mendelian): 1

Dual-evidence genes (GWAS + Mendelian — highest-confidence targets)

Gene	HGNC	Evidence routes
HLA-DRB1	HLA-DRB1	GWAS, Orphanet

Orphanet rare-disease linkage (cohort genes)

Gene	Orphanet ID	Rare disease
ZNF365	Orphanet:2073	Narcolepsy type 1
ZNF365	Orphanet:83465	Narcolepsy type 2
IL23R	Orphanet:117	Behçet disease
EGR2	Orphanet:101084	Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 1D
EGR2	Orphanet:64748	Dejerine-Sottas syndrome
EGR2	Orphanet:99951	Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 4E
HLA-DQA1	Orphanet:391490	Adult-onset myasthenia gravis
HLA-DQA1	Orphanet:930	Idiopathic achalasia
HLA-DRA	Orphanet:505	Graham Little-Piccardi-Lassueur syndrome
HLA-DRB1	Orphanet:2073	Narcolepsy type 1
HLA-DRB1	Orphanet:220393	Diffuse cutaneous systemic sclerosis
HLA-DRB1	Orphanet:220402	Limited cutaneous systemic sclerosis
HLA-DRB1	Orphanet:220407	Limited systemic sclerosis
HLA-DRB1	Orphanet:3437	Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada disease
HLA-DRB1	Orphanet:397	Giant cell arteritis
HLA-DRB1	Orphanet:477738	Pediatric multiple sclerosis
HLA-DRB1	Orphanet:536	Systemic lupus erythematosus
HLA-DRB1	Orphanet:545	Follicular lymphoma
HLA-DRB1	Orphanet:703	Bullous pemphigoid
HLA-DRB1	Orphanet:747	Autoimmune pulmonary alveolar proteinosis
HLA-DRB1	Orphanet:797	Sarcoidosis
HLA-DRB1	Orphanet:83465	Narcolepsy type 2
HLA-DRB1	Orphanet:85414	Systemic-onset juvenile idiopathic arthritis

Cohort genes → proteins

9 cohort genes, 9 distinct canonical proteins.

Evidence partition

Subset	Genes
gwas_only	9

Cohort genes (full)

Symbol	HGNC	Ensembl	UniProt	Name	Evidence
ZNF365	HGNC:18194	ENSG00000138311	Q70YC4	Talanin	gwas
IL23R	HGNC:19100	ENSG00000162594	Q5VWK5	Interleukin-23 receptor	gwas
ADO	HGNC:23506	ENSG00000181915	Q96SZ5	2-aminoethanethiol dioxygenase	gwas
C1orf141	HGNC:32044	ENSG00000203963	Q5JVX7	Uncharacterized protein C1orf141	gwas
EGR2	HGNC:3239	ENSG00000122877	P11161	E3 SUMO-protein ligase EGR2	gwas
HLA-DQA1	HGNC:4942	ENSG00000196735	P01909	HLA class II histocompatibility antigen, DQ alpha 1 chain	gwas
HLA-DRA	HGNC:4947	ENSG00000204287	P01903	HLA class II histocompatibility antigen, DR alpha chain	gwas
HLA-DRB1	HGNC:4948	ENSG00000196126	P01911	HLA class II histocompatibility antigen, DRB1 beta chain	gwas
HLA-DRB5	HGNC:4953	ENSG00000198502	Q30154	HLA class II histocompatibility antigen, DR beta 5 chain	gwas

Cohort function summary

Lead sentence per gene, UniProt-curated.

Symbol	Protein name	Function (lead sentence)
ZNF365	Talanin	May play a role in uric acid excretion.
IL23R	Interleukin-23 receptor	Associates with IL12RB1 to form the interleukin-23 receptor.
ADO	2-aminoethanethiol dioxygenase	Plays a vital role in regulating thiol metabolism and preserving oxygen homeostasis by oxidizing the sulfur of cysteamine and N-terminal cysteine-containing proteins to their corresponding sulfinic acids using O2 as a cosubstrate.
EGR2	E3 SUMO-protein ligase EGR2	Sequence-specific DNA-binding transcription factor.
HLA-DQA1	HLA class II histocompatibility antigen, DQ alpha 1 chain	Binds peptides derived from antigens that access the endocytic route of antigen presenting cells (APC) and presents them on the cell surface for recognition by the CD4 T-cells.
HLA-DRA	HLA class II histocompatibility antigen, DR alpha chain	An alpha chain of antigen-presenting major histocompatibility complex class II (MHCII) molecule.
HLA-DRB1	HLA class II histocompatibility antigen, DRB1 beta chain	A beta chain of antigen-presenting major histocompatibility complex class II (MHCII) molecule.
HLA-DRB5	HLA class II histocompatibility antigen, DR beta 5 chain	Binds peptides derived from antigens that access the endocytic route of antigen presenting cells (APC) and presents them on the cell surface for recognition by the CD4 T-cells.

Protein-family classification

Druggable: 6 · Difficult: 2 · Unknown: 1 · Druggable fraction: 0.67

Family distribution

Cohort families vs a genome-wide background (hypergeometric, BH-FDR; fold = observed/expected). Counts kept; sorted by enrichment, so the catch-all Other/Unknown bucket no longer leads.

Family	Genes	Fold	FDR
Antibody/Immunoglobulin	5	16.2×	2e-05
Transcription factor	2	1.8×	0.598
Enzyme (other)	1	1.3×	0.724
Other/Unknown	1	0.2×	0.999

Per-gene assignment

Symbol	Family	Druggable?	EC	InterPro (top 3)
ZNF365	Transcription factor	no		GenomicStab_NeuMorph_Reg, FBX41/ZN365_Znf-C2H2
IL23R	Antibody/Immunoglobulin	yes		FN3_dom, Ig-like_fold, FN3_sf
ADO	Enzyme (other)	yes	1.13.11.19	RmlC_Cupin_sf, PCO/ADO, RmlC-like_jellyroll
C1orf141	Other/Unknown	no		DUF4545
EGR2	Transcription factor	no		Znf_C2H2_type, EGR_N, Znf_C2H2_sf
HLA-DQA1	Antibody/Immunoglobulin	yes		MHC_II_a_N, Ig/MHC_CS, Ig_C1-set
HLA-DRA	Antibody/Immunoglobulin	yes		MHC_II_a_N, Ig/MHC_CS, Ig_C1-set
HLA-DRB1	Antibody/Immunoglobulin	yes		MHC_II_b_N, Ig/MHC_CS, Ig_C1-set
HLA-DRB5	Antibody/Immunoglobulin	yes		MHC_II_b_N, Ig/MHC_CS, Ig_C1-set

Expression context

Cohort genes with no expression data: 0.

7 cohort genes are a single-cell marker in ≥1 SCXA experiment.

Breadth distribution (Bgee present_calls)

Bucket	Genes
narrow (1-5 tissues)	0
moderate (6-20)	0
broad (>20)	9
unknown	0

Top tissues across cohort

Tissue	Cohort genes
granulocyte	3
vermiform appendix	3
secondary oocyte	2
gall bladder	2
monocyte	2
Brodmann (1909) area 23	1
lateral nuclear group of thalamus	1
middle temporal gyrus	1
adrenal tissue	1
oocyte	1
male germ cell	1
sperm	1
male germ line stem cell (sensu Vertebrata) in testis	1
right uterine tube	1
testis	1
tibial nerve	1
rectum	1
leukocyte	1
right lung	1
lymph node	1

Per-gene tissue summary (top 30)

Symbol	Bgee breadth	FANTOM5 breadth	SCXA	Top tissues
ZNF365	206	broad	yes	middle temporal gyrus, lateral nuclear group of thalamus, Brodmann (1909) area 23
IL23R	39	tissue_specific	marker	secondary oocyte, oocyte, adrenal tissue
ADO	291	ubiquitous	yes	sperm, male germ cell, secondary oocyte
C1orf141	63	tissue_specific	marker	right uterine tube, male germ line stem cell (sensu Vertebrata) in testis, testis
EGR2	143	ubiquitous	marker	gall bladder, tibial nerve, granulocyte
HLA-DQA1	244	broad	marker	gall bladder, rectum, monocyte
HLA-DRA	132	broad	marker	monocyte, leukocyte, vermiform appendix
HLA-DRB1	131	tissue_specific	marker	vermiform appendix, granulocyte, right lung
HLA-DRB5	130	tissue_specific	marker	granulocyte, lymph node, vermiform appendix

Protein interactions among cohort

Intra-cohort edges: 9.

Hub genes (top 10 by interactor count)

Symbol	Interactor count
HLA-DRB1	3,448
EGR2	3,269
HLA-DRA	3,244
HLA-DRB5	1,897
IL23R	1,577
C1orf141	594
ADO	397
HLA-DQA1	196
ZNF365	26

Intra-cohort edges

A	B	Sources
ADO	C1orf141	string_interaction
ADO	EGR2	string_interaction
ADO	IL23R	string_interaction
C1orf141	EGR2	string_interaction
C1orf141	IL23R	string_interaction
HLA-DQA1	HLA-DRB5	intact
HLA-DRA	HLA-DRB1	biogrid_interaction, intact, string_interaction
HLA-DRA	HLA-DRB5	biogrid_interaction, intact, string_interaction
HLA-DRB1	HLA-DRB5	biogrid_interaction, intact

Structural data

PDB: 6 · AlphaFold-only: 3 · No structure: 0

Cohort genes with PDB structures (top 30)

Symbol	UniProt	PDB entries
HLA-DRA	P01903	140
HLA-DRB1	P01911	108
HLA-DQA1	P01909	28
ADO	Q96SZ5	9
IL23R	Q5VWK5	4
HLA-DRB5	Q30154	4

AlphaFold-only cohort genes (top 30 by pLDDT)

Symbol	UniProt	pLDDT
EGR2	P11161	49.02
C1orf141	Q5JVX7	47.74
ZNF365	Q70YC4	30.21

Function

Pathway analysis

Distinct Reactome pathways touched by cohort: 17. Enrichment computed across 9 evidence-associated genes (7 with Reactome annotation).

Pathways by enrichment

Over-representation of cohort genes vs the genome-wide background (hypergeometric test, Benjamini-Hochberg FDR; fold = observed/expected over 7 annotated cohort genes). Counts and members are kept as ground-truth; sorted by enrichment.

Pathway	Cohort genes	Fold	FDR	Sample cohort genes
Translocation of ZAP-70 to Immunological synapse	4	362.5×	2e-09	HLA-DQA1, HLA-DRA, HLA-DRB1, HLA-DRB5
Phosphorylation of CD3 and TCR zeta chains	4	310.8×	2e-09	HLA-DQA1, HLA-DRA, HLA-DRB1, HLA-DRB5
Co-inhibition by PD-1	4	296.6×	2e-09	HLA-DQA1, HLA-DRA, HLA-DRB1, HLA-DRB5
Generation of second messenger molecules	4	197.8×	9e-09	HLA-DQA1, HLA-DRA, HLA-DRB1, HLA-DRB5
Downstream TCR signaling	4	73.3×	4e-07	HLA-DQA1, HLA-DRA, HLA-DRB1, HLA-DRB5
Interferon gamma signaling	4	71.7×	4e-07	HLA-DQA1, HLA-DRA, HLA-DRB1, HLA-DRB5
MHC class II antigen presentation	4	51.0×	1e-06	HLA-DQA1, HLA-DRA, HLA-DRB1, HLA-DRB5
Interleukin-23 signaling	1	181.3×	0.012	IL23R
Degradation of cysteine and homocysteine	1	135.9×	0.014	ADO
Sulfur amino acid metabolism	1	81.6×	0.021	ADO
EGR2 and SOX10-mediated initiation of Schwann cell myelination	1	52.6×	0.029	EGR2
NGF-stimulated transcription	1	40.8×	0.034	EGR2
Transcriptional regulation of white adipocyte differentiation	1	18.5×	0.069	EGR2
Interleukin-4 and Interleukin-13 signaling	1	14.7×	0.080	IL23R
Activation of anterior HOX genes in hindbrain development during early embryogenesis	1	13.1×	0.084	EGR2
Metabolism of amino acids and derivatives	1	9.7×	0.105	ADO
Metabolism	1	1.7×	0.468	ADO

GO biological processes by enrichment

Over-representation of cohort genes vs the genome-wide background (hypergeometric test, Benjamini-Hochberg FDR; fold = observed/expected over 8 annotated cohort genes). Counts and members are kept as ground-truth; sorted by enrichment.

GO term	Cohort genes	Fold	FDR	Sample cohort genes
peptide antigen assembly with MHC class II protein complex	4	526.6×	3e-09	HLA-DQA1, HLA-DRA, HLA-DRB1, HLA-DRB5
antigen processing and presentation of exogenous peptide antigen via MHC class II	4	271.8×	3e-08	HLA-DQA1, HLA-DRA, HLA-DRB1, HLA-DRB5
positive regulation of immune response	4	240.7×	3e-08	HLA-DQA1, HLA-DRA, HLA-DRB1, HLA-DRB5
positive regulation of T cell activation	4	221.7×	3e-08	HLA-DQA1, HLA-DRA, HLA-DRB1, HLA-DRB5
positive regulation of memory T cell differentiation	3	702.2×	1e-07	IL23R, HLA-DRA, HLA-DRB1
antigen processing and presentation of endogenous peptide antigen via MHC class II	2	2106.5×	3e-06	HLA-DRA, HLA-DRB1
positive regulation of T cell mediated cytotoxicity	3	191.5×	5e-06	IL23R, HLA-DRA, HLA-DRB1
myeloid dendritic cell antigen processing and presentation	2	1404.3×	7e-06	HLA-DRA, HLA-DRB1
regulation of T-helper cell differentiation	2	1053.2×	1e-05	HLA-DRA, HLA-DRB1
positive regulation of CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell activation	2	1053.2×	1e-05	HLA-DRA, HLA-DRB1
positive regulation of CD4-positive, CD25-positive, alpha-beta regulatory T cell differentiation	2	842.6×	2e-05	HLA-DRA, HLA-DRB1
adaptive immune response	3	31.6×	7e-04	HLA-DQA1, HLA-DRA, HLA-DRB5
antigen processing and presentation of peptide or polysaccharide antigen via MHC class II	1	2106.5×	0.002	HLA-DRA
rhombomere 3 structural organization	1	2106.5×	0.002	EGR2
rhombomere 3 formation	1	2106.5×	0.002	EGR2
rhombomere 5 structural organization	1	2106.5×	0.002	EGR2
rhombomere 5 formation	1	2106.5×	0.002	EGR2
cerebellar molecular layer morphogenesis	1	2106.5×	0.002	ZNF365
regulation of interleukin-4 production	1	2106.5×	0.002	HLA-DRB1
regulation of DNA strand resection involved in replication fork processing	1	2106.5×	0.002	ZNF365
immune response	3	17.6×	0.002	HLA-DQA1, HLA-DRA, HLA-DRB1
rhythmic behavior	1	1053.2×	0.004	EGR2
positive regulation of Schwann cell differentiation	1	1053.2×	0.004	EGR2
regulation of interleukin-10 production	1	1053.2×	0.004	HLA-DRB1
gamma-tubulin complex localization	1	702.2×	0.005	ZNF365
brain segmentation	1	702.2×	0.005	EGR2
positive regulation of NK T cell activation	1	421.3×	0.008	IL23R
interleukin-23-mediated signaling pathway	1	351.1×	0.009	IL23R
positive regulation of T cell mediated immune response to tumor cell	1	300.9×	0.010	HLA-DRB1
Schwann cell differentiation	1	300.9×	0.010	EGR2

Therapeutics

Drugs indicated for this disease

0 approved, 1 in late-stage (phase 3) trials. Disease-direct ChEMBL indications, not inferred from the associated-gene cohort below.

Drug	Development status
Bevacizumab	Phase 3 (in late-stage trials)

Earlier-phase candidates (phase 2, investigational — efficacy not yet established): Triamcinolone Acetonide.

Drug target analysis

Approved (phase 4): 0 · Phase ≥3: 0 · Phased (≥1): 0 · Undrugged: 9

Druggability breadth: 4 of 9 evidence-associated genes (44%) have a ChEMBL target (buckets above are over the deeply-mined display cohort).

Top cohort targets by molecule count

Symbol	Molecules	Max phase
ZNF365	0	0
IL23R	0	0
ADO	0	0
C1orf141	0	0
EGR2	0	0
HLA-DQA1	0	0
HLA-DRA	0	0
HLA-DRB1	0	0
HLA-DRB5	0	0

Bioactivity and enzyme data

Enzyme cohort genes (≥1 EC): 1.

Cohort genes with ChEMBL bioactivity (full, sorted by assay count)

Symbol	Assays	Type breakdown
HLA-DRB1	17	Binding:17
IL23R	13	Binding:13
HLA-DQA1	2	Binding:2

Cohort enzymes (BRENDA EC)

Symbol	EC numbers	Names
ADO	1.13.11.19	cysteamine dioxygenase

Pharmacogenomics

Cohort genes with a PharmGKB record: 9; with CPIC/DPWG dosing guidelines: 0.

No cohort gene has a CPIC/DPWG genotype-guided dosing guideline (PharmGKB).

Chemical tractability of cohort targets

0 approved/phased compounds have measured bioactivity against a cohort gene (and aren’t yet in disease-level trials). This is a research / tractability signal, NOT a therapeutic recommendation — a bioactivity row often reflects off-target or screening binding (e.g. promiscuous kinase inhibitors against a cohort kinase), implying no disease mechanism.

Druggability pyramid

Cohort genes binned by druggability tier (high → low):

Tier	Definition	Genes	Symbols
A	Approved (phase 4 drug)	0
B	Phased (≥1) drug, not yet approved	0
C	Druggable family + PDB, no drug	6	IL23R, ADO, HLA-DQA1, HLA-DRA, HLA-DRB1, HLA-DRB5
D	Druggable family + AlphaFold only, no drug	0
E	Difficult family or no structure, no drug	3	ZNF365, C1orf141, EGR2

Undrugged target profiles

9 cohort genes are undrugged. Ranked by ‘starting-point quality’ (assay depth + drugged-partner adjacency).

Symbol	ChEMBL assays	Drugged partners (top 3)
ZNF365	0	—
IL23R	13	—
ADO	0	—
C1orf141	0	—
EGR2	0	—
HLA-DQA1	2	—
HLA-DRA	0	—
HLA-DRB1	17	—
HLA-DRB5	0	—

Clinical trials & evidence

Clinical trials

Clinical trials: 12.

Phase distribution (across all retrieved trials)

Phase	Trials
Not specified	10
PHASE3	1
PHASE2/PHASE3	1

Top trials by phase / activity

NCT	Phase	Status	Title
NCT00407121	PHASE3	WITHDRAWN	Intravitreal Bevacizumab for Inflammatory Neovascular Membranes
NCT05031143	PHASE2/PHASE3	COMPLETED	Suprachoroidal Triamcinolone Acetonide in Harada’s Retinal Detachment
NCT03399175	Not specified	RECRUITING	Early Immunosuppressive Therapy on the Course of Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada Disease
NCT05590416	Not specified	RECRUITING	A Study of Adalimumab in Acute Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada Disease
NCT03811366	Not specified	COMPLETED	Multimodal Analysis and Electroretinogram in VKH From Acute Onset - Part I
NCT04025476	Not specified	UNKNOWN	Immune Profile of Acute VKH Patients PBMC
NCT04101604	Not specified	UNKNOWN	Biomarkers of Common Eye Diseases
NCT04126850	Not specified	UNKNOWN	Pilot Project: The Amplicon and Metatranscriptomic Study of Intra and Extra Intestinal Microbiome in Non-infectious Uveitis Disease
NCT05120687	Not specified	UNKNOWN	Corticosteroid Combining Noncorticosteroid Systemic Immunomodulatory Therapy in VKH
NCT05496530	Not specified	UNKNOWN	Custom Needle Preparation for Suprachoroidal Steroid Injection (One Year Results)
NCT05627739	Not specified	UNKNOWN	A Study of Mycophenolate Mofetil Combined With Glucocorticoid Therapy in Relapse Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada Disease
NCT07405489	Not specified	COMPLETED	Oral Prednisolone Versus Posterior Sub-Tenon Triamcinolone for Acute Ocular VKH

Drugs tested across these trials (top 30)

Molecule	Max phase	Trials referencing
BEVACIZUMAB	4	1
S-ROLIPRAM	0	1