Astemizole
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Also known as AstemizolGNF-Pf-2461HismanalNSC-329963NSC-759570Pollon-ezeR 43,512SID11112828SID26746979SID26751496SID26751497SID855746AstemizioleSID104171329SID124882662SID56422418SID124882660SID144204231SID170465888
Summary
Astemizole (CHEMBL296419) is an approved small-molecule H1-receptor antagonist (ATC R06AX11) targeting HRH1, KCNH1, and KCNH2; indicated across 1 condition including allergic disease.
At a glance
- Status: Approved (max clinical phase 4)
- Modality: Small molecule
- ATC class: R06AX11
- Targets: 3 (HRH1, KCNH1, KCNH2)
- Indications: 1 condition
- Chemistry: 458.6 Da · C28H31FN4O
Identifiers
Drug identity and classification
| Field | Value |
|---|---|
| ChEMBL ID | CHEMBL296419 |
| Name | Astemizole |
| Type | Small molecule |
| Max phase | 4 |
| FDA approved | no |
| PubChem CID | 2247 |
| ChEBI | CHEBI:2896 |
| ATC | R06AX11 |
| Molecular formula | C28H31FN4O |
| Molecular weight | 458.6 |
| InChIKey | GXDALQBWZGODGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
SMILES: COC1=CC=C(C=C1)CCN2CCC(CC2)NC3=NC4=CC=CC=C4N3CC5=CC=C(C=C5)F
IUPAC name: 1-[(4-fluorophenyl)methyl]-N-[1-[2-(4-methoxyphenyl)ethyl]piperidin-4-yl]benzimidazol-2-amine
ChEBI definition: A piperidine compound having a 2-(4-methoxyphenyl)ethyl group at the 1-position and an N-[(4-fluorobenzyl)benzimidazol-2-yl]amino group at the 4-position.
Pharmacological roles (ChEBI): H1-receptor antagonist, anti-allergic agent, anticoronaviral agent.
Also known as: Astemizol, Astemizole, GNF-Pf-2461, Hismanal, NSC-329963, NSC-759570, Pollon-eze, R 43,512, astemizole, SID11112828, SID26746979, SID26751496
Parent form; salt/anhydrous children: CHEMBL1788122
Patent coverage: 5,654 distinct patent families (21,577 SureChEMBL compound mentions), from 1 matched compound structure(s). Mentions count patents naming the compound (not distinct inventions), so promiscuous / reference molecules inflate the mention figure — families are the dedup metric.
Targets
Targets
Primary targets (GtoPdb curated mechanism): the Cancer dependency column is the DepMap CRISPR fitness signal (% of screened cell lines dependent on the target).
| Gene | Target | Action | pAffinity | Cancer dependency | UniProt |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| HRH1 | H1 receptor | Antagonist | 8.52 | 0% | P35367 |
| KCNH1 | Kv10.1 | 6.7 | 0.2% | O95259 | |
| KCNH2 | Kv11.1 | 9 | 0.3% | Q12809 |
Broader ChEMBL bioactivity targets: 85 (assay-derived). Sample: Microtubule-associated protein tau, Ubiquitin carboxyl-terminal hydrolase 2, Nuclear receptor ROR-gamma, Survival motor neuron protein, Prelamin-A/C, Inositol monophosphatase 1, 4’-phosphopantetheinyl transferase ffp, Multidrug and toxin extrusion protein 1, Somatostatin receptor type 5, Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M4.
Bioactivity
ChEMBL activities: 173 potent at pChembl ≥ 5 of 224 total. Top 30 by potency (10 = 0.1 nM, 6 = 1 µM):
| Target | pChembl | Type | Value | Unit | Activity ID |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| KCNH2 | 9.05 | IC50 | 0.9 | nM | CHEMBL_ACT_1718508 |
| KCNH2 | 9.05 | IC50 | 0.9 | nM | CHEMBL_ACT_323349 |
| KCNH2 | 9.05 | IC50 | 0.9 | nM | CHEMBL_ACT_929869 |
| KCNH2 | 9.04 | IC50 | 0.91 | nM | CHEMBL_ACT_1427110 |
| KCNH2 | 9.04 | IC50 | 0.91 | nM | CHEMBL_ACT_2645533 |
| KCNH2 | 8.82 | IC50 | 1.5 | nM | CHEMBL_ACT_1449116 |
| HRH1 | 8.79 | Ki | 1.61 | nM | CHEMBL_ACT_7620301 |
| KCNH2 | 8.72 | EC50 | 1.9 | nM | CHEMBL_ACT_13940698 |
| KCNH2 | 8.68 | Ki | 2.1 | nM | CHEMBL_ACT_13340293 |
| HRH1 | 8.68 | Ki | 2.09 | nM | CHEMBL_ACT_7846196 |
| KCNH2 | 8.59 | IC50 | 2.6 | nM | CHEMBL_ACT_13340358 |
| KCNH2 | 8.54 | Ki | 2.9 | nM | CHEMBL_ACT_1901338 |
| HRH1 | 8.52 | Ki | 3 | nM | CHEMBL_ACT_929868 |
| KCNH2 | 8.48 | IC50 | 3.31 | nM | CHEMBL_ACT_16575559 |
| P31389 | 8.42 | Kd | 3.8 | nM | CHEMBL_ACT_7846166 |
| KCNH2 | 8.4 | IC50 | 4 | nM | CHEMBL_ACT_25524869 |
| KCNH2 | 8.38 | IC50 | 4.2 | nM | CHEMBL_ACT_23290193 |
| KCNH2 | 8.38 | IC50 | 4.2 | nM | CHEMBL_ACT_25022991 |
| HTR2A | 8.25 | Ki | 5.58 | nM | CHEMBL_ACT_7620411 |
| KCNH2 | 8.22 | IC50 | 6.03 | nM | CHEMBL_ACT_1036238 |
| HTR2B | 8.13 | Ki | 7.49 | nM | CHEMBL_ACT_7620413 |
| KCNH2 | 8.1 | IC50 | 8 | nM | CHEMBL_ACT_10971942 |
| KCNH2 | 8 | IC50 | 10 | nM | CHEMBL_ACT_1053111 |
| KCNH2 | 8 | IC50 | 10 | nM | CHEMBL_ACT_1523554 |
| KCNH2 | 8 | IC50 | 10 | nM | CHEMBL_ACT_2358326 |
| KCNH2 | 8 | AC50 | 10 | nM | CHEMBL_ACT_25117304 |
| P43140 | 8 | Ki | 9.9 | nM | CHEMBL_ACT_7618864 |
| KCNH2 | 7.96 | Ki | 11 | nM | CHEMBL_ACT_16592941 |
| KCNH2 | 7.94 | IC50 | 11.48 | nM | CHEMBL_ACT_5218952 |
| HTR2B | 7.92 | IC50 | 12 | nM | CHEMBL_ACT_7620412 |
Target pathways
Aggregated over 3 target gene(s): HRH1, KCNH1, KCNH2.
Top Reactome pathways
8 total, by targets touching each:
| Pathway | Targets | Genes |
|---|---|---|
| Neuronal System | 2 | KCNH1, KCNH2 |
| Potassium Channels | 2 | KCNH1, KCNH2 |
| Voltage gated Potassium channels | 2 | KCNH1, KCNH2 |
| Histamine receptors | 1 | HRH1 |
| Muscle contraction | 1 | KCNH2 |
| G alpha (q) signalling events | 1 | HRH1 |
| Phase 3 - rapid repolarisation | 1 | KCNH2 |
| Cardiac conduction | 1 | KCNH2 |
Dominant GO biological processes
| GO term | Targets |
|---|---|
| potassium ion transport | 2 |
| regulation of membrane potential | 2 |
| potassium ion transmembrane transport | 2 |
| monoatomic ion transport | 2 |
| monoatomic ion transmembrane transport | 2 |
| transmembrane transport | 2 |
| inflammatory response | 1 |
| G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway | 1 |
| G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway, coupled to cyclic nucleotide second messenger | 1 |
| phospholipase C-activating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway | 1 |
| chemical synaptic transmission | 1 |
| memory | 1 |
| visual learning | 1 |
| regulation of vascular permeability | 1 |
| positive regulation of vasoconstriction | 1 |
Indications & clinical
Indications
1 indication (1 at ChEMBL trial phase 4). Phase below is the highest clinical-trial phase recorded for this drug against each disease — not the molecule’s overall approval status (that is in the Summary).
| Indication | Trial phase | MONDO | EFO |
|---|---|---|---|
| allergic disease | 4 | MONDO:0005271 | MONDO:0005271 |
Clinical trials
Total trials: 0.
Clinical evidence (CIViC)
No CIViC predictive evidence (expected for non-precision-medicine drugs).
Pharmacology
Pharmacogenomics
No CPIC/DPWG dosing guideline or drug-level clinical/variant annotations in PharmGKB for this molecule.
Related molecules
Related molecules
Molecules sharing ≥1 of this drug’s curated primary targets, merged from two biobtree sources and ranked by shared-target count, then clinical phase: ChEMBL clinical-stage candidates (development phase ≥2) and PubChem drug-class bioactivity (approved / known drugs acting on the target). Deduplicated by drug name; the drug’s own salt forms are excluded. Note: for a drug with few primary targets a shared-target match can reflect off-target / promiscuous binding rather than the same therapeutic mechanism — the phase ordering surfaces bona-fide therapeutics first.
724 molecules share ≥1 primary target. Top 60 by shared-target count:
| Molecule | Source | Status | Shared targets |
|---|---|---|---|
| HALOPERIDOL | ChEMBL + PubChem | Phase 4 (approved) | HRH1, KCNH1, KCNH2 |
| IMIPRAMINE | ChEMBL + PubChem | Phase 4 (approved) | HRH1, KCNH1, KCNH2 |
| ACLIDINIUM BROMIDE | ChEMBL + PubChem | Phase 4 (approved) | HRH1, KCNH2 |
| Afatinib | ChEMBL + PubChem | Phase 4 (approved) | HRH1, KCNH2 |
| Almotriptan | ChEMBL + PubChem | Phase 4 (approved) | HRH1, KCNH2 |
| Crizotinib | ChEMBL + PubChem | Phase 4 (approved) | HRH1, KCNH2 |
| dacomitinib | ChEMBL + PubChem | Phase 4 (approved) | HRH1, KCNH2 |
| DESLORATADINE | ChEMBL + PubChem | Phase 4 (approved) | HRH1, KCNH2 |
| DIHYDROERGOTAMINE | ChEMBL + PubChem | Phase 4 (approved) | HRH1, KCNH2 |
| Dofetilide | ChEMBL + PubChem | Phase 4 (approved) | KCNH1, KCNH2 |
| Erythromycin | ChEMBL + PubChem | Phase 4 (approved) | HRH1, KCNH2 |
| Olodaterol | ChEMBL + PubChem | Phase 4 (approved) | HRH1, KCNH2 |
| PALIPERIDONE | ChEMBL + PubChem | Phase 4 (approved) | HRH1, KCNH2 |
| Propoxyphene | ChEMBL + PubChem | Phase 4 (approved) | HRH1, KCNH2 |
| Quinidine | ChEMBL + PubChem | Phase 4 (approved) | KCNH1, KCNH2 |
| ABEMACICLIB | ChEMBL | Phase 4 (approved) | HRH1, KCNH2 |
| ACETOPHENAZINE | ChEMBL | Phase 4 (approved) | HRH1, KCNH2 |
| AMIODARONE | ChEMBL | Phase 4 (approved) | HRH1, KCNH2 |
| AMISULPRIDE | ChEMBL | Phase 4 (approved) | HRH1, KCNH2 |
| AMITRIPTYLINE | ChEMBL | Phase 4 (approved) | HRH1, KCNH2 |
| AMOXAPINE | ChEMBL | Phase 4 (approved) | HRH1, KCNH2 |
| AMSACRINE | ChEMBL | Phase 4 (approved) | HRH1, KCNH2 |
| ANTAZOLINE | ChEMBL | Phase 4 (approved) | HRH1, KCNH2 |
| APOMORPHINE | ChEMBL | Phase 4 (approved) | HRH1, KCNH2 |
| ARIPIPRAZOLE | ChEMBL | Phase 4 (approved) | HRH1, KCNH2 |
| ASENAPINE | ChEMBL | Phase 4 (approved) | HRH1, KCNH2 |
| ATOMOXETINE | ChEMBL | Phase 4 (approved) | HRH1, KCNH2 |
| AZELASTINE | ChEMBL | Phase 4 (approved) | HRH1, KCNH2 |
| BENFLUOREX | ChEMBL | Phase 4 (approved) | HRH1, KCNH2 |
| BENPERIDOL | ChEMBL | Phase 4 (approved) | HRH1, KCNH2 |
| BENZTROPINE | ChEMBL | Phase 4 (approved) | HRH1, KCNH2 |
| BEPRIDIL | ChEMBL | Phase 4 (approved) | HRH1, KCNH2 |
| BIPERIDEN | ChEMBL | Phase 4 (approved) | HRH1, KCNH2 |
| BROMPERIDOL | ChEMBL | Phase 4 (approved) | HRH1, KCNH2 |
| BUCLIZINE | ChEMBL | Phase 4 (approved) | HRH1, KCNH2 |
| BUSPIRONE | ChEMBL | Phase 4 (approved) | HRH1, KCNH2 |
| BUTRIPTYLINE | ChEMBL | Phase 4 (approved) | HRH1, KCNH2 |
| CABERGOLINE | ChEMBL | Phase 4 (approved) | HRH1, KCNH2 |
| CARIPRAZINE | ChEMBL | Phase 4 (approved) | HRH1, KCNH2 |
| CETIRIZINE | ChEMBL | Phase 4 (approved) | HRH1, KCNH2 |
| CHLORPHENIRAMINE | ChEMBL | Phase 4 (approved) | HRH1, KCNH2 |
| CINACALCET | ChEMBL | Phase 4 (approved) | HRH1, KCNH2 |
| CINNARIZINE | ChEMBL | Phase 4 (approved) | HRH1, KCNH2 |
| CISAPRIDE | ChEMBL | Phase 4 (approved) | HRH1, KCNH2 |
| CITALOPRAM | ChEMBL | Phase 4 (approved) | HRH1, KCNH2 |
| CLEMASTINE | ChEMBL | Phase 4 (approved) | HRH1, KCNH2 |
| CLOFAZIMINE | ChEMBL | Phase 4 (approved) | HRH1, KCNH2 |
| CLOMIPRAMINE | ChEMBL | Phase 4 (approved) | HRH1, KCNH2 |
| CLOTRIMAZOLE | ChEMBL | Phase 4 (approved) | HRH1, KCNH2 |
| CLOZAPINE | ChEMBL | Phase 4 (approved) | HRH1, KCNH2 |
| CYCLIZINE | ChEMBL | Phase 4 (approved) | HRH1, KCNH2 |
| CYCLOBENZAPRINE | ChEMBL | Phase 4 (approved) | HRH1, KCNH2 |
| CYPROHEPTADINE | ChEMBL | Phase 4 (approved) | HRH1, KCNH2 |
| DEXBROMPHENIRAMINE | ChEMBL | Phase 4 (approved) | HRH1, KCNH2 |
| DEXCHLORPHENIRAMINE | ChEMBL | Phase 4 (approved) | HRH1, KCNH2 |
| DICYCLOMINE | ChEMBL | Phase 4 (approved) | HRH1, KCNH2 |
| DIETHYLPROPION | ChEMBL | Phase 4 (approved) | HRH1, KCNH2 |
| DIPHEMANIL | ChEMBL | Phase 4 (approved) | HRH1, KCNH2 |
| DIPHENHYDRAMINE | ChEMBL | Phase 4 (approved) | HRH1, KCNH2 |
| DOMPERIDONE | ChEMBL | Phase 4 (approved) | HRH1, KCNH2 |
Related Atlas pages
- Genes: HRH1, KCNH1, KCNH2
- Diseases: allergic disease
- Drugs: Haloperidol, Imipramine, Aclidinium Bromide, Afatinib, Almotriptan, Crizotinib, dacomitinib, Desloratadine, Dihydroergotamine, Dofetilide, Erythromycin, Olodaterol, Paliperidone, Propoxyphene, Quinidine, Abemaciclib, Acetophenazine, Amiodarone, Amisulpride, Amitriptyline, Amoxapine, Amsacrine, Antazoline, Apomorphine, Aripiprazole, Asenapine, Atomoxetine, Azelastine, Benfluorex, Benperidol, Benztropine, Bepridil, Biperiden, Bromperidol, Buclizine, Buspirone, Butriptyline, Cabergoline, Cariprazine, Cetirizine, Chlorpheniramine, Cinacalcet, Cinnarizine, Cisapride, Citalopram, Clemastine, Clofazimine, Clomipramine, Clotrimazole, Clozapine, Cyclizine, Cyclobenzaprine, Cyproheptadine, Dexbrompheniramine, Dicyclomine, Diethylpropion, Diphemanil, Diphenhydramine, Domperidone