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Atlas / Drug / Azithromycin

Azithromycin

drug
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Also known as Anhydrous azithromycinAruzilinaAzasiteAziromycinAzithrocinAzithromycin (as dihydrate)Azithromycin anhydrousAzithromycin dihydrateAzithromycin hydrateunspecifiedunspecified formAzithromycineAzitromicinaAziwinAzyterClamelleCP 62993CP-62,993CP-62993

Summary

Azithromycin (CHEMBL529) is an approved small-molecule antibacterial drug (ATC J01FA10) targeting MLNR and TAS2R4; indicated across 87 conditions including urethritis and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

At a glance

  • Status: Approved (max clinical phase 4)
  • Modality: Small molecule
  • ATC class: J01FA10 (+1 more)
  • Targets: 2 (MLNR, TAS2R4)
  • Indications: 87 conditions
  • Clinical trials: 444
  • Chemistry: 749 Da · C38H72N2O12

Identifiers

Drug identity and classification

FieldValue
ChEMBL IDCHEMBL529
NameAzithromycin
TypeSmall molecule
Max phase4
FDA approvedyes
PubChem CID447043
ChEBICHEBI:2955
ATCJ01FA10, S01AA26
Molecular formulaC38H72N2O12
Molecular weight749
InChIKeyMQTOSJVFKKJCRP-BICOPXKESA-N

SMILES: CC[C@@H]1[C@@]([C@@H]([C@H](N(C[C@@H](C[C@@]([C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](C(=O)O1)C)O[C@H]2C[C@@]([C@H]([C@@H](O2)C)O)(C)OC)C)O[C@H]3[C@@H]([C@H](C[C@H](O3)C)N(C)C)O)(C)O)C)C)C)O)(C)O

IUPAC name: (2R,3S,4R,5R,8R,10R,11R,12S,13S,14R)-11-[(2S,3R,4S,6R)-4-(dimethylamino)-3-hydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxy-2-ethyl-3,4,10-trihydroxy-13-[(2R,4R,5S,6S)-5-hydroxy-4-methoxy-4,6-dimethyloxan-2-yl]oxy-3,5,6,8,10,12,14-heptamethyl-1-oxa-6-azacyclopentadecan-15-one

ChEBI definition: A macrolide antibiotic useful for the treatment of bacterial infections.

Pharmacological roles (ChEBI): antibacterial drug.

Other ChEBI roles (chemical / environmental): environmental contaminant, xenobiotic.

Also known as: Anhydrous azithromycin, Aruzilina, Azasite, Aziromycin, Azithrocin, Azithromycin, Azithromycin (as dihydrate), Azithromycin anhydrous, Azithromycin dihydrate, Azithromycin hydrate, unspecified, unspecified form

Parent form; salt/anhydrous children: CHEMBL1200502

Patent coverage: 24,359 distinct patent families (75,139 SureChEMBL compound mentions), from 1 matched compound structure(s). Mentions count patents naming the compound (not distinct inventions), so promiscuous / reference molecules inflate the mention figure — families are the dedup metric.

Targets

Targets

Primary targets (GtoPdb curated mechanism): the Cancer dependency column is the DepMap CRISPR fitness signal (% of screened cell lines dependent on the target).

GeneTargetActionpAffinityCancer dependencyUniProt
MLNRmotilin receptorFull agonist5.50.1%O43193
TAS2R4TAS2R4Agonist4.130%Q9NYW5

Broader ChEMBL bioactivity targets: 4 (assay-derived). Sample: Prelamin-A/C, Thyrotropin receptor, Bacterial 70S ribosome, Cytochrome P450 3A4.

Bioactivity

ChEMBL activities: 4 potent at pChembl ≥ 5 of 6 total. Top 30 by potency (10 = 0.1 nM, 6 = 1 µM):

TargetpChemblTypeValueUnitActivity ID
P023586.52IC50300nMCHEMBL_ACT_2702686
LMNA6.2Potency631nMCHEMBL_ACT_3644797
TSHR5.1Potency7943nMCHEMBL_ACT_3924142
TSHR5.1Potency7943nMCHEMBL_ACT_4698790

Target pathways

Aggregated over 2 target gene(s): MLNR, TAS2R4.

Top Reactome pathways

12 total, by targets touching each:

PathwayTargetsGenes
Signal Transduction2MLNR, TAS2R4
Signaling by GPCR2MLNR, TAS2R4
GPCR downstream signalling2MLNR, TAS2R4
GPCR ligand binding2MLNR, TAS2R4
Class A/1 (Rhodopsin-like receptors)1MLNR
Peptide ligand-binding receptors1MLNR
G alpha (q) signalling events1MLNR
G alpha (i) signalling events1TAS2R4
Class C/3 (Metabotropic glutamate/pheromone receptors)1TAS2R4
Sensory Perception1TAS2R4
Sensory perception of taste1TAS2R4
Sensory perception of sweet, bitter, and umami (glutamate) taste1TAS2R4

Dominant GO biological processes

GO termTargets
G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway2
signal transduction2
detection of chemical stimulus involved in sensory perception of bitter taste1
respiratory gaseous exchange by respiratory system1
sensory perception of taste1

Indications & clinical

Indications

87 indications (18 at ChEMBL trial phase 4). Phase below is the highest clinical-trial phase recorded for this drug against each disease — not the molecule’s overall approval status (that is in the Summary).

IndicationTrial phaseMONDOEFO
urethritis4MONDO:0005297EFO:0003878
chronic obstructive pulmonary disease4MONDO:0005002EFO:0000341
otitis media4MONDO:0005441EFO:0004992
pneumonia4MONDO:0005249EFO:0003106
chronic bronchitis4MONDO:0005607EFO:0006505
sinusitis4MONDO:0005961EFO:0007486
bacterial conjunctivitis4MONDO:0006668EFO:1000829
HIV infectious disease4MONDO:0005109EFO:0000764
pelvic inflammatory disease4MONDO:0000922EFO:1001388
bacterial infectious disease4MONDO:0005113EFO:0000771
tonsillitis4MONDO:0001039HP:0011110
eye infectious disorder4MONDO:0043885EFO:1001888
pharyngitis4MONDO:0002258MONDO:0002258
cervicitis4MONDO:0002345HP:0030160
cystic fibrosis4MONDO:0009061MONDO:0009061
acne3MONDO:0011438EFO:0003894
bronchiectasis3MONDO:0004822HP:0002110
Plasmodium falciparum malaria3MONDO:0005920EFO:0007444
bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome3MONDO:0015265EFO:0007183
gonorrhea3MONDO:0004277DOID:7551
malaria3MONDO:0005136EFO:0001068
chlamydia trachomatis infectious disease3MONDO:0005701EFO:0007205
maxillary sinusitis3MONDO:0005842EFO:0007361
reactive arthritis3MONDO:0017376EFO:0007460
suppurative otitis media3MONDO:0005975EFO:0007503
syphilis3MONDO:0005976EFO:0007504
yaws3MONDO:0006019EFO:0007548
diarrheal disease3MONDO:0001673HP:0002014
blepharitis3MONDO:0004785EFO:0009536
myocardial infarction3MONDO:0005068EFO:0000612
lung disorder3MONDO:0005275EFO:0003818
Mycobacterium avium complex disease3MONDO:0005866EFO:0007386
viral pneumonia3MONDO:0006012EFO:0007541
respiratory failure3MONDO:0021113EFO:0009686
bronchial disorder3MONDO:0001358EFO:1002018
severe acute respiratory syndrome3MONDO:0005091EFO:0000694
coronary artery disorder3MONDO:0005010EFO:0001645
inclusion conjunctivitis3MONDO:0005808EFO:0007324
mycobacterial infectious disease3MONDO:0020590EFO:0009429
fungal infectious disease3MONDO:0002041MONDO:0002041
spotted fever3MONDO:0001195EFO:1002047
asthma3MONDO:0004979MONDO:0004979
bronchopulmonary dysplasia3MONDO:0019091MONDO:0019091
cardiovascular disorder3MONDO:0004995EFO:0000319
heart disorder3MONDO:0005267EFO:0003777
chronic periodontitis3MONDO:0005593EFO:0006343
bronchitis3MONDO:0003781EFO:0009661
eye disorder2MONDO:0005328EFO:0003966
obsessive-compulsive disorder2MONDO:0008114EFO:0004242
periodontitis2MONDO:0005076EFO:0000649
gastroparesis2MONDO:0006769EFO:1000948
respiratory syncytial virus infectious disease2MONDO:0001577EFO:1001413
onchocerciasis2MONDO:0017137EFO:0007402
Crohn disease2MONDO:0005011EFO:0000384
pertussis2MONDO:0005077EFO:0000650
shigellosis2MONDO:0019345EFO:0005585
multiple sclerosis2MONDO:0005301MONDO:0005301
tuberculosis2MONDO:0018076MONDO:0018076
sarcoidosis2MONDO:0019338MONDO:0019338
neoplasm2MONDO:0005070MONDO:0004992
viral infectious disease2MONDO:0005108EFO:0000763
infectious disease2MONDO:0005550EFO:0005741
immune system disorder1MONDO:0005046EFO:0000540
Ebola hemorrhagic fever1MONDO:0005737EFO:0007243
cerebral toxoplasmosis1MONDO:0005697EFO:0007200
acute respiratory distress syndrome1MONDO:0006502EFO:1000637
sickle cell disease1MONDO:0011382MONDO:0011382
osteomyelitis0MONDO:0005246EFO:0003102
obesity disorder0MONDO:0011122EFO:0001073

18 further indication records had no mapped disease name (EFO/MeSH-only) or were duplicates, and are omitted.

Clinical trials

Total trials: 444.

Phase distribution

PhaseTrials
PHASE4114
PHASE3105
Not specified84
PHASE271
PHASE137
PHASE2/PHASE318
PHASE1/PHASE29
EARLY_PHASE16

Top trials by phase / activity

NCTPhaseStatusTitle
NCT03083197PHASE4ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITINGScrub Typhus Antibiotic Resistance Trial
NCT03335072PHASE4ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITINGKebele Elimination of Trachoma for Ocular Health
NCT04716712PHASE4ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITINGInfant Mortality Reduction by the Mass Administration of Azithromycin
NCT04921943PHASE4RECRUITINGHypertonic Saline for MAC
NCT05345457PHASE4RECRUITINGOutpatient Antibiotics Following Previable Rupture of Membranes (pPPROM) Between 18 0/7 and 22 6/7 Weeks Gestational Age
NCT05677282PHASE4RECRUITINGSingle Dose Antibiotic Treatment of Acute Watery Diarrhea, Rifaximin Versus Azithromycin, With Loperamide Adjunct
NCT05772013PHASE4RECRUITINGOptimising Azithromycin Prevention Treatment in COPD to Reduce Exacerbations
NCT06010719PHASE4RECRUITINGAzithromycin as Adjunctive Treatment for Uncomplicated Severe Acute Malnutrition
NCT06349122PHASE4NOT_YET_RECRUITINGScreen-and-treat Strategy for Vaginal Flora Abnormalities in Pregnant Women at High Risk of Preterm Birth
NCT06396078PHASE4RECRUITINGImprovement of PPROM Management With Prophylactic Antimicrobial Therapy (iPROMPT)
NCT06958146PHASE4NOT_YET_RECRUITINGAzithromycin for Preventing Maternal and Neonatal Infections During Labor.
NCT07052942PHASE4RECRUITINGIndividualizing Treatment for Asthma in Primary Care (Full Study)
NCT07164131PHASE4RECRUITINGAzithromycin Versus Doxycycline in Hospitalized Adult Patients With Community Acquired Pneumonia Treated With Beta-lactams
NCT07213765PHASE4RECRUITINGShort-term Antibiotic Therapy in Mycobacterium Avium Complex Pulmonary Disease
NCT07306234PHASE4NOT_YET_RECRUITINGDoxycycline vs. Macrolide for MRMP (DOMINO)
NCT07314281PHASE4RECRUITINGMeropenem vs Azithromycin Efficacy in Case XDR Enteric Fever
NCT07608328PHASE4NOT_YET_RECRUITINGAzithromycin to Modify Bronchiectasis Exacerbation Risk
NCT07608562PHASE4NOT_YET_RECRUITINGAzithromycin for Cerclage Prophylaxis
NCT00035347PHASE4COMPLETEDIntravenous Azithromycin Plus Intravenous Ceftriaxone Followed by Oral Azithromycin With Intravenous Levofloxacin Followed by Oral Levofloxacin for the Treatment of Moderate to Severely Ill Hospitalized Patients With Community Acquired Pneumonia
NCT00132860PHASE4UNKNOWNProphylactic Antibiotic Treatment of Patients With Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (COLD)
NCT00132951PHASE4TERMINATEDKEYS: Study Comparing Clinical Health Outcomes of Telithromycin Versus Azithromycin in Outpatients With Community-acquired Lower Respiratory Tract Infections
NCT00137007PHASE4COMPLETEDZithromax EV in Community-Acquired Pneumonia (CAP)
NCT00237445PHASE4TERMINATEDStudy Comparing the Clinical Efficacy and Health Outcomes of Outpatients With Mild to Moderate Community-Acquired Pneumonia (CAP) Treated With Either Telithromycin Once Daily for 7 Days, or Azithromycin Once Daily for 5 Days
NCT00245440PHASE4TERMINATEDStudy to Measure the Impact of Antibiotics on Bacterial Flora in Adults With Acute Sinusitis
NCT00245453PHASE4WITHDRAWNOutpatient Registry Trial of Respiratory Tract Infections in Adults
NCT00286026PHASE4WITHDRAWNAzithromycin in Control of Trachoma II
NCT00315601PHASE4TERMINATEDIntrapulmonary Pharmacokinetics of Antibiotics
NCT00324818PHASE4COMPLETEDTreatment of Bacterial Vaginosis
NCT00347776PHASE4COMPLETEDStudy of Azithromycin to Prevent Recurrent Trichiasis Following Surgery in Ethiopia
NCT00359970PHASE4COMPLETEDAzithromycin, With or Without Loperamide, to Treat Travelers’ Diarrhea
NCT00368342PHASE4COMPLETEDChronic Bronchiolitis or Resistant Asthma?
NCT00471809PHASE4TERMINATEDChildhood Asthma Research and Education (CARE) Network Trial - Montelukast or Azithromycin for Reduction of Inhaled Corticosteroids in Childhood Asthma (MARS)
NCT00564447PHASE4COMPLETEDStudy of AzaSite (Azithromycin) Versus Vigamox in the Conjunctiva of Healthy Volunteers
NCT00598962PHASE4COMPLETEDUse of Azithromycin and Rifabutin Administered 3 Times Weekly for the Treatment of M. Avium Complex (MAC) Lung Disease
NCT00599079PHASE4COMPLETEDAzithromycin in the Treatment of M. Avium Complex Lung Disease
NCT00618449PHASE4COMPLETEDImpact of Two Alternative Dosing Strategies for Trachoma Control in Niger
NCT00643539PHASE4COMPLETEDMulticenter, Open, Randomized Comparative Trial To Compare The Efficacy Of Azithromycin Versus Amoxicillin In Children With Strep Throat
NCT00644774PHASE4COMPLETEDA Pediatric Taste Test Study of Omnicef Versus Zithromax Antibiotic Suspension Medications
NCT00645112PHASE4COMPLETEDA Comparison of Safety and Efficacy of Cefdinir Oral Suspension Versus Azithromycin in Pediatric Subjects With Acute Otitis Media
NCT00760838PHASE4COMPLETEDAZISAST Study: AZIthromycin in Severe ASThma Study

Clinical evidence (CIViC)

No CIViC predictive evidence (expected for non-precision-medicine drugs).

Pharmacology

Pharmacogenomics

No PharmGKB pharmacogenomic data curated for this drug.

Molecules sharing ≥1 of this drug’s curated primary targets, merged from two biobtree sources and ranked by shared-target count, then clinical phase: ChEMBL clinical-stage candidates (development phase ≥2) and PubChem drug-class bioactivity (approved / known drugs acting on the target). Deduplicated by drug name; the drug’s own salt forms are excluded. Note: for a drug with few primary targets a shared-target match can reflect off-target / promiscuous binding rather than the same therapeutic mechanism — the phase ordering surfaces bona-fide therapeutics first.

323 molecules share ≥1 primary target. Top 60 by shared-target count:

MoleculeSourceStatusShared targets
AMIODARONEChEMBL + PubChemPhase 4 (approved)MLNR
ATAZANAVIRChEMBL + PubChemPhase 4 (approved)MLNR
CANDESARTAN CILEXETILChEMBL + PubChemPhase 4 (approved)MLNR
CARVEDILOLChEMBL + PubChemPhase 4 (approved)MLNR
CINACALCETChEMBL + PubChemPhase 4 (approved)MLNR
CLEMASTINEChEMBL + PubChemPhase 4 (approved)MLNR
CLOBETASOL PROPIONATEChEMBL + PubChemPhase 4 (approved)MLNR
CRIZOTINIBChEMBL + PubChemPhase 4 (approved)MLNR
ERYTHROMYCINChEMBL + PubChemPhase 4 (approved)MLNR
FEDRATINIBChEMBL + PubChemPhase 4 (approved)MLNR
HYDROXYPROGESTERONE CAPROATEChEMBL + PubChemPhase 4 (approved)MLNR
PIMOZIDEChEMBL + PubChemPhase 4 (approved)MLNR
PONATINIBChEMBL + PubChemPhase 4 (approved)MLNR
SORAFENIBChEMBL + PubChemPhase 4 (approved)MLNR
TEGASERODChEMBL + PubChemPhase 4 (approved)MLNR
TELOTRISTAT ETHYLChEMBL + PubChemPhase 4 (approved)MLNR
ACETOPHENAZINEChEMBLPhase 4 (approved)MLNR
AMPRENAVIRChEMBLPhase 4 (approved)MLNR
ARIPIPRAZOLEChEMBLPhase 4 (approved)MLNR
ASTEMIZOLEChEMBLPhase 4 (approved)MLNR
BAZEDOXIFENEChEMBLPhase 4 (approved)MLNR
BENPERIDOLChEMBLPhase 4 (approved)MLNR
BEPRIDILChEMBLPhase 4 (approved)MLNR
CANNABIDIOLChEMBLPhase 4 (approved)MLNR
CHLORHEXIDINEChEMBLPhase 4 (approved)MLNR
CHLORPROTHIXENEChEMBLPhase 4 (approved)MLNR
CISAPRIDEChEMBLPhase 4 (approved)MLNR
DULOXETINEChEMBLPhase 4 (approved)MLNR
EBASTINEChEMBLPhase 4 (approved)MLNR
FENTICONAZOLEChEMBLPhase 4 (approved)MLNR
FLUSPIRILENEChEMBLPhase 4 (approved)MLNR
FLUTRIMAZOLEChEMBLPhase 4 (approved)MLNR
GLAFENINEChEMBLPhase 4 (approved)MLNR
INDOCYANINE GREEN ACID FORMChEMBLPhase 4 (approved)MLNR
ISOPROTERENOLChEMBLPhase 4 (approved)TAS2R4
ISRADIPINEChEMBLPhase 4 (approved)MLNR
LASOFOXIFENEChEMBLPhase 4 (approved)MLNR
NAFARELINChEMBLPhase 4 (approved)MLNR
NEBIVOLOLChEMBLPhase 4 (approved)MLNR
NIMESULIDEChEMBLPhase 4 (approved)MLNR
NITAZOXANIDEChEMBLPhase 4 (approved)MLNR
NOSCAPINEChEMBLPhase 4 (approved)MLNR
OSIMERTINIBChEMBLPhase 4 (approved)MLNR
PERHEXILINEChEMBLPhase 4 (approved)MLNR
PROPIVERINEChEMBLPhase 4 (approved)MLNR
PYRVINIUMChEMBLPhase 4 (approved)MLNR
REBOXETINEChEMBLPhase 4 (approved)MLNR
RIFAXIMINChEMBLPhase 4 (approved)MLNR
RIMONABANTChEMBLPhase 4 (approved)MLNR
RITONAVIRChEMBLPhase 4 (approved)MLNR
SERTINDOLEChEMBLPhase 4 (approved)MLNR
SERTRALINEChEMBLPhase 4 (approved)MLNR
SUNITINIBChEMBLPhase 4 (approved)MLNR
TACROLIMUSChEMBLPhase 4 (approved)MLNR
TIPRANAVIRChEMBLPhase 4 (approved)MLNR
TRIFLUOPERAZINEChEMBLPhase 4 (approved)MLNR
VILANTEROLChEMBLPhase 4 (approved)MLNR
VINDESINEChEMBLPhase 4 (approved)MLNR
AZELNIDIPINEChEMBLPhase 3MLNR
BENIDIPINEChEMBLPhase 3MLNR

About this page

Generated deterministically by Sugi Atlas from primary biomedical databases via BioBTree. Every record on this page traces to a primary source.

Generated
Atlas version
v1.1.2
BioBTree
v2.0.2

Sources 30

This page pulls from 30 datasets indexed by BioBTree:

chebichembl_activitychembl_moleculechembl_targetcivic_evidenceclingen_dosageclinical_trialsdepmapefoensemblentrezgogoparentgtopdbgtopdb_interactiongtopdb_ligandhgncmeshmondomsigdbpatent_compoundpharmgkbpharmgkb_guidelinepubchempubchem_activityreactomereactomeparentrefseqtranscriptuniprot