Camphor
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Also known as Camphor (natural)Camphor (synthetic)Camphor d-formCamphor laurelCamphor laurel wholeCamphor tree wholeCamphor wholed-dl-racemicCamphoraCamphora camphoraCamphora officinalis wholeCamphora treeCamphortree wholeCamphorwoodCinnamomum camphoraCinnamomum camphora wholeCinnamonum camphora
Summary
Camphor (CHEMBL15768) is an approved small molecule (ATC C01EB02) targeting TRPA1, TRPV1, and TRPV3; indicated across 15 conditions including cardiovascular disorder and rectal disorder.
At a glance
- Status: Approved (max clinical phase 4)
- Modality: Small molecule
- ATC class: C01EB02
- Targets: 3 (TRPA1, TRPV1, TRPV3)
- Indications: 15 conditions
- Clinical trials: 1
- Chemistry: 152.23 Da · C10H16O
Identifiers
Drug identity and classification
| Field | Value |
|---|---|
| ChEMBL ID | CHEMBL15768 |
| Name | Camphor |
| Type | Small molecule |
| Max phase | 3 |
| FDA approved | yes |
| PubChem CID | 2537 |
| ChEBI | CHEBI:36773 |
| ATC | C01EB02 |
| Molecular formula | C10H16O |
| Molecular weight | 152.23 |
| InChIKey | DSSYKIVIOFKYAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
SMILES: CC1(C2CCC1(C(=O)C2)C)C
IUPAC name: 1,7,7-trimethylbicyclo[2.2.1]heptan-2-one
ChEBI definition: A cyclic monoterpene ketone that is bornane bearing an oxo substituent at position 2. A naturally occurring monoterpenoid.
Other ChEBI roles (chemical / environmental): plant metabolite.
Also known as: Camphor, Camphor (natural), Camphor (synthetic), Camphor d-form, Camphor laurel, Camphor laurel whole, Camphor tree whole, Camphor whole, d-, dl-, racemic, Camphora
Patent coverage: 59,815 distinct patent families (123,386 SureChEMBL compound mentions), from 2 matched compound structure(s). One matched structure accounts for 123,350 (100%) of the total. Mentions count patents naming the compound (not distinct inventions), so promiscuous / reference molecules inflate the mention figure — families are the dedup metric.
Targets
Targets
Primary targets (GtoPdb curated mechanism): the Cancer dependency column is the DepMap CRISPR fitness signal (% of screened cell lines dependent on the target).
| Gene | Target | Action | pAffinity | Cancer dependency | UniProt |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| TRPA1 | TRPA1 | Antagonist | 4.2 | 0.1% | O75762 |
| TRPV1 | TRPV1 | 0.3% | Q8NER1 | ||
| TRPV3 | TRPV3 | Full agonist | 2 | 0% | Q8NET8 |
Broader ChEMBL bioactivity targets: 6 (assay-derived). Sample: Microtubule-associated protein tau, Nuclear receptor ROR-gamma, Prelamin-A/C, Menin/Histone-lysine N-methyltransferase MLL, Aldehyde dehydrogenase 1A1, Acetylcholinesterase.
Bioactivity
ChEMBL activities: 4 potent at pChembl ≥ 5 of 7 total. Top 30 by potency (10 = 0.1 nM, 6 = 1 µM):
| Target | pChembl | Type | Value | Unit | Activity ID |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| P51450 | 6.6 | Potency | 251.2 | nM | CHEMBL_ACT_4995682 |
| MAPT | 5.4 | Potency | 3981 | nM | CHEMBL_ACT_4064277 |
| ALDH1A1 | 5.15 | Potency | 7080 | nM | CHEMBL_ACT_4178925 |
| LMNA | 5 | Potency | 10000 | nM | CHEMBL_ACT_3624103 |
Target pathways
Aggregated over 3 target gene(s): TRPA1, TRPV1, TRPV3.
Top Reactome pathways
1 total, by targets touching each:
| Pathway | Targets | Genes |
|---|---|---|
| TRP channels | 3 | TRPA1, TRPV1, TRPV3 |
Dominant GO biological processes
| GO term | Targets |
|---|---|
| monoatomic ion transport | 3 |
| calcium ion transmembrane transport | 3 |
| calcium ion transport | 3 |
| monoatomic ion transmembrane transport | 3 |
| transmembrane transport | 3 |
| cell surface receptor signaling pathway | 2 |
| urinary bladder smooth muscle contraction | 2 |
| sensory perception of pain | 2 |
| cellular response to heat | 2 |
| response to pain | 2 |
| thermoception | 2 |
| detection of chemical stimulus involved in sensory perception of pain | 2 |
| protein homotetramerization | 2 |
| calcium-mediated signaling | 2 |
| calcium ion import across plasma membrane | 2 |
Indications & clinical
Indications
15 indications (15 at ChEMBL trial phase 4). Phase below is the highest clinical-trial phase recorded for this drug against each disease — not the molecule’s overall approval status (that is in the Summary).
| Indication | Trial phase | MONDO | EFO |
|---|---|---|---|
| cardiovascular disorder | 4 | MONDO:0004995 | EFO:0000319 |
| rectal disorder | 4 | MONDO:0001593 | EFO:0000405 |
| seasonal allergic rhinitis | 4 | MONDO:0005324 | EFO:0003956 |
| arthritic joint disease | 4 | MONDO:0005578 | EFO:0005856 |
| common cold | 4 | MONDO:0005709 | EFO:0007214 |
| herpes labialis | 4 | MONDO:0043653 | EFO:1001347 |
9 further indication records had no mapped disease name (EFO/MeSH-only) or were duplicates, and are omitted.
Clinical trials
Total trials: 1.
Phase distribution
| Phase | Trials |
|---|---|
| PHASE1 | 1 |
Top trials by phase / activity
| NCT | Phase | Status | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| NCT00299559 | PHASE1 | COMPLETED | Kinetics of Etheric Oils, Smart Textiles vs. Ointment |
Clinical evidence (CIViC)
No CIViC predictive evidence (expected for non-precision-medicine drugs).
Pharmacology
Pharmacogenomics
No PharmGKB pharmacogenomic data curated for this drug.
Related molecules
Related molecules
Molecules sharing ≥1 of this drug’s curated primary targets, merged from two biobtree sources and ranked by shared-target count, then clinical phase: ChEMBL clinical-stage candidates (development phase ≥2) and PubChem drug-class bioactivity (approved / known drugs acting on the target). Deduplicated by drug name; the drug’s own salt forms are excluded. Note: for a drug with few primary targets a shared-target match can reflect off-target / promiscuous binding rather than the same therapeutic mechanism — the phase ordering surfaces bona-fide therapeutics first.
40 molecules share ≥1 primary target. Top 40 by shared-target count:
| Molecule | Source | Status | Shared targets |
|---|---|---|---|
| CANNABINOL | ChEMBL | Phase 3 | TRPA1, TRPV1, TRPV3 |
| CANNABIDIVARIN | ChEMBL | Phase 2 | TRPA1, TRPV1, TRPV3 |
| CANNABIGEROL | ChEMBL | Phase 2 | TRPA1, TRPV1, TRPV3 |
| TETRAHYDROCANNABIVARIN | ChEMBL | Phase 2 | TRPA1, TRPV1, TRPV3 |
| camphor (synthetic) | PubChem | Approved | TRPA1, TRPV3 |
| DICLOFENAC | ChEMBL + PubChem | Phase 4 (approved) | TRPA1 |
| DISULFIRAM | ChEMBL + PubChem | Phase 4 (approved) | TRPA1 |
| MEFENAMIC ACID | ChEMBL + PubChem | Phase 4 (approved) | TRPA1 |
| CANNABIDIOL | ChEMBL | Phase 4 (approved) | TRPV1 |
| CAPSAICIN | ChEMBL | Phase 4 (approved) | TRPV1 |
| MENTHOL | ChEMBL | Phase 4 (approved) | TRPA1 |
| NICOTINE | ChEMBL | Phase 4 (approved) | TRPA1 |
| PROPOFOL | ChEMBL | Phase 4 (approved) | TRPV1 |
| RESVERATROL | ChEMBL + PubChem | Phase 3 (approved) | TRPA1 |
| FRAMYCETIN | ChEMBL | Phase 3 | TRPV1 |
| ICILLIN | ChEMBL | Phase 3 | TRPA1 |
| LEVOMENTHOL | ChEMBL | Phase 3 | TRPA1 |
| RESINIFERATOXIN | ChEMBL | Phase 3 | TRPV1 |
| ZUCAPSAICIN | ChEMBL | Phase 3 | TRPV1 |
| ALLICIN | ChEMBL | Phase 2 | TRPA1 |
| CARVACROL | ChEMBL | Phase 2 | TRPA1 |
| CHLORDANTOIN | ChEMBL | Phase 2 | TRPA1 |
| FLUFENAMIC ACID | ChEMBL | Phase 2 | TRPA1 |
| ILEPCIMIDE | ChEMBL | Phase 2 | TRPV1 |
| JTS-653 | ChEMBL | Phase 2 | TRPV1 |
| MAVATREP | ChEMBL | Phase 2 | TRPV1 |
| NGD-8243 | ChEMBL | Phase 2 | TRPV1 |
| OLVANIL | ChEMBL | Phase 2 | TRPV1 |
| PIPERINE | ChEMBL | Phase 2 | TRPV1 |
| RG6341 | ChEMBL | Phase 2 | TRPA1 |
| SALIRASIB | ChEMBL | Phase 2 | TRPA1 |
| SANGUINARIUM | ChEMBL | Phase 2 | TRPA1 |
| SB-705498 | ChEMBL | Phase 2 | TRPV1 |
| THYMOL | ChEMBL | Phase 2 | TRPA1 |
| Acetaldehyde | PubChem | Approved | TRPA1 |
| Caffeine | PubChem | Approved | TRPA1 |
| dronabinol | PubChem | Approved | TRPA1 |
| Eugenol | PubChem | Approved | TRPA1 |
| menthol, unspecified form | PubChem | Approved | TRPA1 |
| Propylene Glycol | PubChem | Approved | TRPA1 |
Related Atlas pages
- Genes: TRPA1, TRPV1, TRPV3
- Diseases: cardiovascular disorder, rectal disorder, seasonal allergic rhinitis, arthritic joint disease, common cold, herpes labialis
- Drugs: Cannabinol, Diclofenac, Disulfiram, Mefenamic Acid, Cannabidiol, Capsaicin, Menthol, Nicotine, Propofol, Resveratrol, Framycetin, Icillin, Resiniferatoxin, Caffeine, dronabinol, Propylene Glycol