Canagliflozin Anhydrous
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Also known as JNJ-28431754TA-7284CanagliflozinCANAGLIFLOZIN (INVOKANA)Invokana
Summary
Canagliflozin Anhydrous (CHEMBL2048484) is an approved small-molecule hypoglycemic agent targeting SLC5A1 and SLC5A2.
At a glance
- Status: Approved (max clinical phase 4)
- Modality: Small molecule
- Targets: 2 (SLC5A1, SLC5A2)
- Clinical trials: 118
- Chemistry: 444.5 Da · C24H25FO5S
Identifiers
Drug identity and classification
| Field | Value |
|---|---|
| ChEMBL ID | CHEMBL2048484 |
| Name | Canagliflozin Anhydrous |
| Type | Small molecule |
| Max phase | 4 |
| FDA approved | yes |
| PubChem CID | 24812758 |
| ChEBI | CHEBI:73274 |
| Molecular formula | C24H25FO5S |
| Molecular weight | 444.5 |
| InChIKey | XTNGUQKDFGDXSJ-ZXGKGEBGSA-N |
SMILES: CC1=C(C=C(C=C1)[C@H]2[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O2)CO)O)O)O)CC3=CC=C(S3)C4=CC=C(C=C4)F
IUPAC name: (2S,3R,4R,5S,6R)-2-[3-[[5-(4-fluorophenyl)thiophen-2-yl]methyl]-4-methylphenyl]-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-3,4,5-triol
ChEBI definition: A C-glycosyl compound that is used (in its hemihydrate form) for treatment of type II diabetes via inhibition of sodium-glucose transport protein subtype 2.
Pharmacological roles (ChEBI): hypoglycemic agent, sodium-glucose transport protein subtype 2 inhibitor.
Also known as: Canagliflozin anhydrous, JNJ-28431754, TA-7284, Canagliflozin, CANAGLIFLOZIN, CANAGLIFLOZIN (INVOKANA), canagliflozin, Canagliflozin; Invokana
Parent form; salt/anhydrous children: CHEMBL2103841, CHEMBL4594217
Patent coverage: 1,713 distinct patent families (4,237 SureChEMBL compound mentions), from 2 matched compound structure(s). One matched structure accounts for 4,210 (99%) of the total. Mentions count patents naming the compound (not distinct inventions), so promiscuous / reference molecules inflate the mention figure — families are the dedup metric.
Targets
Targets
Primary targets (GtoPdb curated mechanism): the Cancer dependency column is the DepMap CRISPR fitness signal (% of screened cell lines dependent on the target).
| Gene | Target | Action | pAffinity | Cancer dependency | UniProt |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| SLC5A1 | Sodium/glucose cotransporter 1 | Inhibition | 6.2 | 0% | P13866 |
| SLC5A2 | Sodium/glucose cotransporter 2 | Inhibition | 8.4 | 0.2% | P31639 |
Broader ChEMBL bioactivity targets: 9 (assay-derived). Sample: Sodium/glucose cotransporter 2, Sodium-dependent serotonin transporter, Sodium-dependent dopamine transporter, Adenosine receptor A3, Sodium/glucose cotransporter 2, Sodium/glucose cotransporter 2, Synaptic vesicular amine transporter, Sodium/glucose cotransporter 1, Bile salt export pump.
Bioactivity
ChEMBL activities: 19 potent at pChembl ≥ 5 of 23 total. Top 30 by potency (10 = 0.1 nM, 6 = 1 µM):
| Target | pChembl | Type | Value | Unit | Activity ID |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Q923I7 | 8.7 | IC50 | 2 | nM | CHEMBL_ACT_29054637 |
| SLC5A2 | 8.66 | IC50 | 2.2 | nM | CHEMBL_ACT_18072026 |
| SLC5A2 | 8.66 | IC50 | 2.2 | nM | CHEMBL_ACT_18665719 |
| SLC5A2 | 8.66 | EC50 | 2.2 | nM | CHEMBL_ACT_19005390 |
| SLC5A2 | 8.66 | IC50 | 2.2 | nM | CHEMBL_ACT_25446666 |
| P53792 | 8.63 | IC50 | 2.35 | nM | CHEMBL_ACT_29247565 |
| SLC5A2 | 8.62 | IC50 | 2.4 | nM | CHEMBL_ACT_25634250 |
| P53792 | 8.43 | IC50 | 3.7 | nM | CHEMBL_ACT_29054638 |
| SLC5A2 | 8.36 | IC50 | 4.4 | nM | CHEMBL_ACT_19001164 |
| SLC5A2 | 8.36 | IC50 | 4.4 | nM | CHEMBL_ACT_29054639 |
| SLC5A2 | 8.31 | IC50 | 4.9 | nM | CHEMBL_ACT_28080047 |
| SLC5A2 | 8.17 | IC50 | 6.7 | nM | CHEMBL_ACT_10949234 |
| SLC5A1 | 6.58 | IC50 | 265 | nM | CHEMBL_ACT_18072034 |
| SLC5A1 | 6.26 | IC50 | 550 | nM | CHEMBL_ACT_28080044 |
| SLC5A1 | 6.17 | IC50 | 684 | nM | CHEMBL_ACT_19001155 |
| SLC5A1 | 6.15 | IC50 | 710 | nM | CHEMBL_ACT_25634261 |
| SLC5A1 | 6.04 | EC50 | 910 | nM | CHEMBL_ACT_19005389 |
| SLC5A1 | 5.72 | IC50 | 1900 | nM | CHEMBL_ACT_10949252 |
| SLC6A3 | 5.45 | AC50 | 3536 | nM | CHEMBL_ACT_25124940 |
Target pathways
Aggregated over 2 target gene(s): SLC5A1, SLC5A2.
Top Reactome pathways
11 total, by targets touching each:
| Pathway | Targets | Genes |
|---|---|---|
| Disease | 2 | SLC5A1, SLC5A2 |
| Cellular hexose transport | 2 | SLC5A1, SLC5A2 |
| Transport of small molecules | 2 | SLC5A1, SLC5A2 |
| SLC-mediated transmembrane transport | 2 | SLC5A1, SLC5A2 |
| SLC transporter disorders | 2 | SLC5A1, SLC5A2 |
| Disorders of transmembrane transporters | 2 | SLC5A1, SLC5A2 |
| Defective SLC5A1 causes congenital glucose/galactose malabsorption (GGM) | 1 | SLC5A1 |
| Defective SLC5A2 causes renal glucosuria (GLYS1) | 1 | SLC5A2 |
| Intestinal absorption | 1 | SLC5A1 |
| Digestion and absorption | 1 | SLC5A1 |
| Intestinal hexose absorption | 1 | SLC5A1 |
Dominant GO biological processes
| GO term | Targets |
|---|---|
| alpha-glucoside transport | 2 |
| sodium ion transport | 2 |
| renal D-glucose absorption | 2 |
| D-glucose import across plasma membrane | 2 |
| sodium ion import across plasma membrane | 2 |
| D-glucose transmembrane transport | 2 |
| monoatomic ion transport | 2 |
| transmembrane transport | 2 |
| intestinal D-glucose absorption | 1 |
| pentose transmembrane transport | 1 |
| fucose transmembrane transport | 1 |
| galactose transmembrane transport | 1 |
| myo-inositol transport | 1 |
| transepithelial water transport | 1 |
| intestinal hexose absorption | 1 |
Indications & clinical
Indications
0 indications (0 at ChEMBL trial phase 4).
Clinical trials
Total trials: 118.
Phase distribution
| Phase | Trials |
|---|---|
| PHASE1 | 46 |
| PHASE4 | 23 |
| PHASE3 | 22 |
| Not specified | 15 |
| PHASE2 | 9 |
| PHASE1/PHASE2 | 2 |
| PHASE2/PHASE3 | 1 |
Top trials by phase / activity
| NCT | Phase | Status | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| NCT06851962 | PHASE4 | ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING | Impact of Pharmacogenetic-Guided Treatment on Type 2 Diabetes. |
| NCT06858436 | PHASE4 | NOT_YET_RECRUITING | SGLT2 Inhibitor Utilization Re-perfusion Therapy |
| NCT01939496 | PHASE4 | COMPLETED | Evaluation of Blood Pressure Reduction, Safety, and Tolerability of Canagliflozin in Patients With Hypertension and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus on Stable Doses of Anti-hyperglycemic and Anti-hypertensive Agents |
| NCT01989754 | PHASE4 | COMPLETED | A Study of the Effects of Canagliflozin (JNJ-28431754) on Renal Endpoints in Adult Participants With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus |
| NCT02025907 | PHASE4 | COMPLETED | A Study to Evaluate the Efficacy and Safety of the Addition of Canagliflozin in Participants With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus With Inadequate Glycemic Control on Metformin and Sitagliptin |
| NCT02142309 | PHASE4 | UNKNOWN | Glycemic Durability After Metformin Failure |
| NCT02220920 | PHASE4 | COMPLETED | Efficacy and Safety Study of Canagliflozin (TA-7284) in Combination With Insulin in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus |
| NCT02227849 | PHASE4 | COMPLETED | Long-Term Safety Study of Canagliflozin (TA-7284) in Combination With GLP-1 Analogue in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus |
| NCT02360774 | PHASE4 | COMPLETED | Mechanisms of Weight Loss With SGLT2 Inhibition |
| NCT02462421 | PHASE4 | TERMINATED | Pharmacogenetics of SGLT2 Inhibitors |
| NCT02597309 | PHASE4 | WITHDRAWN | The Effect of add-on Canagliflozin in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Treated With U-500 Insulin |
| NCT02622113 | PHASE4 | COMPLETED | Long-Term Safety Study of Canagliflozin (TA-7284) in Combination With Insulin in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus |
| NCT02624908 | PHASE4 | UNKNOWN | Canagliflozin-Mealtime Insulin Rescue |
| NCT02694263 | PHASE4 | COMPLETED | Canagliflozin (Invokana™) vs. Standard Dual Therapy Regimen for T2DM During Ramadan |
| NCT02912455 | PHASE4 | TERMINATED | CARAT: Canagliflozin vs. Placebo for Post Bariatric Patients With Persistent Type 2 Diabetes |
| NCT02920918 | PHASE4 | COMPLETED | Treatment of Diabetes in Patients With Systolic Heart Failure |
| NCT02964585 | PHASE4 | COMPLETED | Role of Canagliflozin on CD34+ Cells in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes |
| NCT03190798 | PHASE4 | WITHDRAWN | Effects of Canagliflozin on Intravascular Volume and Hemodynamics |
| NCT03267576 | PHASE4 | COMPLETED | An Efficacy Study of Canagliflozin or Sitagliptin to Determine Glucose Variability in Mexican Participants With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Inadequately Controlled on Metformin |
| NCT04014192 | PHASE4 | UNKNOWN | Effects of SGLT2 Inhibitors on Islet Cell Function and Insulin Sensitivity in Patients of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus |
| NCT04288778 | PHASE4 | COMPLETED | A Study to Assess Safety of Canagliflozin and Metformin Hydrochloride Combination Given as a Supplement to Diet and Exercise to Improve Blood Sugar Level in Indian Adult Participants With Diabetes |
| NCT04796428 | PHASE4 | UNKNOWN | GliflOzin in eLderly Diabetic patiENts: A praGmatic Intraclass Evaluation Trial |
| NCT05856578 | PHASE4 | UNKNOWN | Comparing the Efficacy of Mulberry Twig Alkaloid Tablet and Canagliflozin in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes |
| NCT05427084 | PHASE2/PHASE3 | RECRUITING | Canagliflozin Targeting Vascular Inflammation |
| NCT00968812 | PHASE3 | COMPLETED | CANagliflozin Treatment And Trial Analysis-Sulfonylurea (CANTATA-SU) SGLT2 Add-on to Metformin Versus Glimepiride |
| NCT01032629 | PHASE3 | COMPLETED | CANVAS - CANagliflozin cardioVascular Assessment Study |
| NCT01064414 | PHASE3 | COMPLETED | An Efficacy, Safety, and Tolerability Study of Canagliflozin in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Who Have Moderate Renal Impairment |
| NCT01081834 | PHASE3 | COMPLETED | The CANTATA-M (CANagliflozin Treatment and Trial Analysis - Monotherapy) Trial |
| NCT01106625 | PHASE3 | COMPLETED | The CANTATA-MSU Trial (CANagliflozin Treatment And Trial Analysis - Metformin and SUlphonylurea) |
| NCT01106651 | PHASE3 | COMPLETED | A Safety and Efficacy Study of Canagliflozin in Older Patients (55 to 80 Years of Age) With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus |
| NCT01106677 | PHASE3 | COMPLETED | The CANTATA-D Trial (CANagliflozin Treatment and Trial Analysis - DPP-4 Inhibitor Comparator Trial) |
| NCT01106690 | PHASE3 | COMPLETED | The CANTATA-MP Trial (CANagliflozin Treatment and Trial Analysis - Metformin and Pioglitazone) |
| NCT01137812 | PHASE3 | COMPLETED | The CANTATA-D2 Trial (CANagliflozin Treatment And Trial Analysis - DPP-4 Inhibitor Second Comparator Trial) |
| NCT01381900 | PHASE3 | COMPLETED | A Efficacy, Safety, and Tolerability Study of Canagliflozin in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus With Inadequate Glycemic Control on Metformin Alone or in Combination With a Sulphonylurea |
| NCT01413204 | PHASE3 | COMPLETED | Efficacy and Safety Study of TA-7284 in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes |
| NCT01809327 | PHASE3 | COMPLETED | A Study to Evaluate the Effectiveness, Safety, and Tolerability of Canagliflozin in Combination With Metformin in the Treatment of Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus With Inadequate Glycemic Control With Diet and Exercise |
| NCT02065791 | PHASE3 | COMPLETED | Evaluation of the Effects of Canagliflozin on Renal and Cardiovascular Outcomes in Participants With Diabetic Nephropathy |
| NCT02220907 | PHASE3 | COMPLETED | Long-Term Safety Study of MT-2412 in Japanese Patients With Type 2 Diabetes |
| NCT02354222 | PHASE3 | COMPLETED | Confirmatory Study of MT-2412 in Japanese Patients With Type 2 Diabetes (Add-on Study of Teneligliptin) |
| NCT02354235 | PHASE3 | COMPLETED | Confirmatory Study of MT-2412 in Japanese Patients With Type 2 Diabetes (Add-on Study of Canagliflozin) |
Clinical evidence (CIViC)
No CIViC predictive evidence (expected for non-precision-medicine drugs).
Pharmacology
Pharmacogenomics
No CPIC/DPWG dosing guideline, but PharmGKB curates 0 clinical and 1 variant annotation(s) for this drug (gene-keyed; see PharmGKB).
Related molecules
Related molecules
Molecules sharing ≥1 of this drug’s curated primary targets, merged from two biobtree sources and ranked by shared-target count, then clinical phase: ChEMBL clinical-stage candidates (development phase ≥2) and PubChem drug-class bioactivity (approved / known drugs acting on the target). Deduplicated by drug name; the drug’s own salt forms are excluded. Note: for a drug with few primary targets a shared-target match can reflect off-target / promiscuous binding rather than the same therapeutic mechanism — the phase ordering surfaces bona-fide therapeutics first.
16 molecules share ≥1 primary target. Top 16 by shared-target count:
| Molecule | Source | Status | Shared targets |
|---|---|---|---|
| BEXAGLIFLOZIN | ChEMBL + PubChem | Phase 4 (approved) | SLC5A1, SLC5A2 |
| EMPAGLIFLOZIN | ChEMBL + PubChem | Phase 4 (approved) | SLC5A1, SLC5A2 |
| ERTUGLIFLOZIN | ChEMBL + PubChem | Phase 4 (approved) | SLC5A1, SLC5A2 |
| SOTAGLIFLOZIN | ChEMBL + PubChem | Phase 4 (approved) | SLC5A1, SLC5A2 |
| DAPAGLIFLOZIN | ChEMBL | Phase 4 (approved) | SLC5A1, SLC5A2 |
| IPRAGLIFLOZIN | ChEMBL | Phase 4 (approved) | SLC5A1, SLC5A2 |
| TOFOGLIFLOZIN | ChEMBL | Phase 4 (approved) | SLC5A1, SLC5A2 |
| ENAVOGLIFLOZIN | ChEMBL | Phase 3 | SLC5A1, SLC5A2 |
| HENAGLIFLOZIN | ChEMBL | Phase 3 | SLC5A1, SLC5A2 |
| LICOGLIFLOZIN | ChEMBL | Phase 2 | SLC5A1, SLC5A2 |
| LUSEOGLIFLOZIN | ChEMBL | Phase 2 | SLC5A1, SLC5A2 |
| REMOGLIFLOZIN ETABONATE | ChEMBL | Phase 2 | SLC5A1, SLC5A2 |
| SERGLIFLOZIN ETABONATE | ChEMBL | Phase 2 | SLC5A1, SLC5A2 |
| MIZAGLIFLOZIN | ChEMBL | Phase 2 | SLC5A1 |
| YM-543 FREE ACID | ChEMBL | Phase 2 | SLC5A2 |
| Phlorizin | PubChem | Approved | SLC5A1 |