Carprofen
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Also known as Carprofen for veterinary useCarprofeneCarprofenoNSC-297935RimadylSID26748565SID50085988(+/-)-carprofenSID170464799SID144204916
Summary
Carprofen (CHEMBL1316) is an approved small-molecule non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug targeting PTGS2.
At a glance
- Status: Approved (max clinical phase 4)
- Modality: Small molecule
- Targets: 1 (PTGS2)
- Chemistry: 273.71 Da · C15H12ClNO2
Identifiers
Drug identity and classification
| Field | Value |
|---|---|
| ChEMBL ID | CHEMBL1316 |
| Name | Carprofen |
| Type | Small molecule |
| Max phase | 4 |
| FDA approved | yes |
| PubChem CID | 2581 |
| ChEBI | CHEBI:364453 |
| Molecular formula | C15H12ClNO2 |
| Molecular weight | 273.71 |
| InChIKey | PUXBGTOOZJQSKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
SMILES: CC(C1=CC2=C(C=C1)C3=C(N2)C=CC(=C3)Cl)C(=O)O
IUPAC name: 2-(6-chloro-9H-carbazol-2-yl)propanoic acid
ChEBI definition: Propanoic acid in which one of the methylene hydrogens is substituted by a 6-chloro-9H-carbazol-2-yl group. A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, it is no longer used in human medicine but is still used for treatment of arthritis in elderly dogs.
Pharmacological roles (ChEBI): non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor, photosensitizing agent.
Also known as: Carprofen, Carprofen for veterinary use, Carprofene, Carprofeno, NSC-297935, Rimadyl, carprofen, SID26748565, SID50085988, CARPROFEN, (+/-)-carprofen, CARPROFENE
Patent coverage: 8,228 distinct patent families (32,707 SureChEMBL compound mentions), from 3 matched compound structure(s). One matched structure accounts for 32,634 (100%) of the total. Mentions count patents naming the compound (not distinct inventions), so promiscuous / reference molecules inflate the mention figure — families are the dedup metric.
Targets
Targets
Primary targets (GtoPdb curated mechanism): the Cancer dependency column is the DepMap CRISPR fitness signal (% of screened cell lines dependent on the target).
| Gene | Target | Action | pAffinity | Cancer dependency | UniProt |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| PTGS2 | COX-2 | Inhibition | 6.99 | 0% | P35354 |
Broader ChEMBL bioactivity targets: 10 (assay-derived). Sample: Microtubule-associated protein tau, ATP-binding cassette sub-family C member 4, Beta-lactamase, Menin/Histone-lysine N-methyltransferase MLL, Prostaglandin G/H synthase 1, Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2, Complement C5, 3’,5’-cyclic-AMP phosphodiesterase 4D, Prostaglandin G/H synthase 1, Fatty-acid amide hydrolase 1.
Bioactivity
ChEMBL activities: 9 potent at pChembl ≥ 5 of 21 total. Top 30 by potency (10 = 0.1 nM, 6 = 1 µM):
| Target | pChembl | Type | Value | Unit | Activity ID |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| PTGS2 | 8.28 | IC50 | 5.3 | nM | CHEMBL_ACT_25553889 |
| PTGS1 | 8.28 | IC50 | 5.3 | nM | CHEMBL_ACT_25553891 |
| PTGS2 | 7 | IC50 | 100 | nM | CHEMBL_ACT_3369725 |
| PTGS2 | 6.99 | IC50 | 102 | nM | CHEMBL_ACT_44632 |
| PTGS2 | 6.99 | IC50 | 102 | nM | CHEMBL_ACT_6324073 |
| C5 | 6.24 | Kd | 580 | nM | CHEMBL_ACT_19243009 |
| ABCC4 | 5.52 | IC50 | 3000 | nM | CHEMBL_ACT_18130906 |
| PTGS2 | 5.41 | IC50 | 3900 | nM | CHEMBL_ACT_12099774 |
| PDE4D | 5.28 | AC50 | 5200 | nM | CHEMBL_ACT_25185459 |
Target pathways
Aggregated over 1 target gene(s): PTGS2.
Top Reactome pathways
8 total, by targets touching each:
| Pathway | Targets | Genes |
|---|---|---|
| Synthesis of 15-eicosatetraenoic acid derivatives | 1 | PTGS2 |
| Synthesis of Prostaglandins (PG) and Thromboxanes (TX) | 1 | PTGS2 |
| Interleukin-10 signaling | 1 | PTGS2 |
| Interleukin-4 and Interleukin-13 signaling | 1 | PTGS2 |
| Biosynthesis of DHA-derived SPMs | 1 | PTGS2 |
| Biosynthesis of EPA-derived SPMs | 1 | PTGS2 |
| Biosynthesis of DPAn-3 SPMs | 1 | PTGS2 |
| Biosynthesis of electrophilic ω-3 PUFA oxo-derivatives | 1 | PTGS2 |
Dominant GO biological processes
| GO term | Targets |
|---|---|
| prostaglandin biosynthetic process | 1 |
| response to oxidative stress | 1 |
| embryo implantation | 1 |
| regulation of blood pressure | 1 |
| response to nematode | 1 |
| response to selenium ion | 1 |
| positive regulation of vascular endothelial growth factor production | 1 |
| cyclooxygenase pathway | 1 |
| lipoxygenase pathway | 1 |
| positive regulation of prostaglandin biosynthetic process | 1 |
| positive regulation of fever generation | 1 |
| prostaglandin secretion | 1 |
| regulation of cell population proliferation | 1 |
| long-chain fatty acid biosynthetic process | 1 |
| positive regulation of nitric oxide biosynthetic process | 1 |
Indications & clinical
Indications
0 indications (0 at ChEMBL trial phase 4).
Clinical trials
Total trials: 0.
Clinical evidence (CIViC)
No CIViC predictive evidence (expected for non-precision-medicine drugs).
Pharmacology
Pharmacogenomics
No CPIC/DPWG dosing guideline or drug-level clinical/variant annotations in PharmGKB for this molecule.
Related molecules
Related molecules
Molecules sharing ≥1 of this drug’s curated primary targets, merged from two biobtree sources and ranked by shared-target count, then clinical phase: ChEMBL clinical-stage candidates (development phase ≥2) and PubChem drug-class bioactivity (approved / known drugs acting on the target). Deduplicated by drug name; the drug’s own salt forms are excluded. Note: for a drug with few primary targets a shared-target match can reflect off-target / promiscuous binding rather than the same therapeutic mechanism — the phase ordering surfaces bona-fide therapeutics first.
201 molecules share ≥1 primary target. Top 60 by shared-target count:
| Molecule | Source | Status | Shared targets |
|---|---|---|---|
| FIDAXOMICIN | ChEMBL + PubChem | Phase 4 (approved) | PTGS2 |
| 3,3’,4’,5-TETRACHLOROSALICYLANILIDE | ChEMBL | Phase 4 (approved) | PTGS2 |
| ABEMACICLIB | ChEMBL | Phase 4 (approved) | PTGS2 |
| ACALABRUTINIB | ChEMBL | Phase 4 (approved) | PTGS2 |
| ACEMETACIN | ChEMBL | Phase 4 (approved) | PTGS2 |
| ACETOPHENAZINE | ChEMBL | Phase 4 (approved) | PTGS2 |
| ACETYLCYSTEINE | ChEMBL | Phase 4 (approved) | PTGS2 |
| ACRIVASTINE | ChEMBL | Phase 4 (approved) | PTGS2 |
| AMODIAQUINE | ChEMBL | Phase 4 (approved) | PTGS2 |
| AMPHOTERICIN B | ChEMBL | Phase 4 (approved) | PTGS2 |
| AMSACRINE | ChEMBL | Phase 4 (approved) | PTGS2 |
| ANISINDIONE | ChEMBL | Phase 4 (approved) | PTGS2 |
| APOMORPHINE | ChEMBL | Phase 4 (approved) | PTGS2 |
| ARFORMOTEROL | ChEMBL | Phase 4 (approved) | PTGS2 |
| ASPIRIN | ChEMBL | Phase 4 (approved) | PTGS2 |
| BAZEDOXIFENE | ChEMBL | Phase 4 (approved) | PTGS2 |
| BENZQUINAMIDE | ChEMBL | Phase 4 (approved) | PTGS2 |
| BEPRIDIL | ChEMBL | Phase 4 (approved) | PTGS2 |
| BIPERIDEN | ChEMBL | Phase 4 (approved) | PTGS2 |
| BROMFENAC | ChEMBL | Phase 4 (approved) | PTGS2 |
| CALCIPOTRIENE | ChEMBL | Phase 4 (approved) | PTGS2 |
| CALCITRIOL | ChEMBL | Phase 4 (approved) | PTGS2 |
| CANDESARTAN CILEXETIL | ChEMBL | Phase 4 (approved) | PTGS2 |
| CANNABIDIOL | ChEMBL | Phase 4 (approved) | PTGS2 |
| CAPSAICIN | ChEMBL | Phase 4 (approved) | PTGS2 |
| CAPTOPRIL | ChEMBL | Phase 4 (approved) | PTGS2 |
| CEFAZOLIN | ChEMBL | Phase 4 (approved) | PTGS2 |
| CEFTIZOXIME | ChEMBL | Phase 4 (approved) | PTGS2 |
| CELECOXIB | ChEMBL | Phase 4 (approved) | PTGS2 |
| CEPHRADINE | ChEMBL | Phase 4 (approved) | PTGS2 |
| CIANIDANOL | ChEMBL | Phase 4 (approved) | PTGS2 |
| CLOTRIMAZOLE | ChEMBL | Phase 4 (approved) | PTGS2 |
| CRIZOTINIB | ChEMBL | Phase 4 (approved) | PTGS2 |
| DAUNORUBICIN | ChEMBL | Phase 4 (approved) | PTGS2 |
| DESERPIDINE | ChEMBL | Phase 4 (approved) | PTGS2 |
| DEXIBUPROFEN | ChEMBL | Phase 4 (approved) | PTGS2 |
| DEXKETOPROFEN | ChEMBL | Phase 4 (approved) | PTGS2 |
| DICLOFENAC | ChEMBL | Phase 4 (approved) | PTGS2 |
| DIETHYLSTILBESTROL | ChEMBL | Phase 4 (approved) | PTGS2 |
| DOBUTAMINE | ChEMBL | Phase 4 (approved) | PTGS2 |
| DOXORUBICIN | ChEMBL | Phase 4 (approved) | PTGS2 |
| EPINEPHRINE | ChEMBL | Phase 4 (approved) | PTGS2 |
| ERGOTAMINE | ChEMBL | Phase 4 (approved) | PTGS2 |
| ESFLURBIPROFEN | ChEMBL | Phase 4 (approved) | PTGS2 |
| ETODOLAC | ChEMBL | Phase 4 (approved) | PTGS2 |
| ETORICOXIB | ChEMBL | Phase 4 (approved) | PTGS2 |
| FLUPIRTINE | ChEMBL | Phase 4 (approved) | PTGS2 |
| FLURBIPROFEN | ChEMBL | Phase 4 (approved) | PTGS2 |
| FLUVASTATIN | ChEMBL | Phase 4 (approved) | PTGS2 |
| FOLIC ACID | ChEMBL | Phase 4 (approved) | PTGS2 |
| GLAFENINE | ChEMBL | Phase 4 (approved) | PTGS2 |
| HALOPERIDOL | ChEMBL | Phase 4 (approved) | PTGS2 |
| HEXACHLOROPHENE | ChEMBL | Phase 4 (approved) | PTGS2 |
| IBUPROFEN | ChEMBL | Phase 4 (approved) | PTGS2 |
| ICOSAPENT ETHYL | ChEMBL | Phase 4 (approved) | PTGS2 |
| INDAPAMIDE | ChEMBL | Phase 4 (approved) | PTGS2 |
| INDOCYANINE GREEN ACID FORM | ChEMBL | Phase 4 (approved) | PTGS2 |
| INDOMETHACIN | ChEMBL | Phase 4 (approved) | PTGS2 |
| IPRONIAZID | ChEMBL | Phase 4 (approved) | PTGS2 |
| ISOCARBOXAZID | ChEMBL | Phase 4 (approved) | PTGS2 |
Related Atlas pages
- Genes: PTGS2
- Drugs: Fidaxomicin, 3,3’,4’,5-TETRACHLOROSALICYLANILIDE, Abemaciclib, Acalabrutinib, Acemetacin, Acetophenazine, Acetylcysteine, Acrivastine, Amodiaquine, Amphotericin B, Amsacrine, Anisindione, Apomorphine, Arformoterol, Aspirin, Bazedoxifene, Benzquinamide, Bepridil, Biperiden, Bromfenac, Calcipotriene, Calcitriol, Candesartan Cilexetil, Cannabidiol, Capsaicin, Captopril, Cefazolin, Ceftizoxime, Celecoxib, Cephradine, Cianidanol, Clotrimazole, Crizotinib, Daunorubicin, Deserpidine, Dexibuprofen, Dexketoprofen, Diclofenac, Diethylstilbestrol, Dobutamine, Doxorubicin, Epinephrine, Ergotamine, Esflurbiprofen, Etodolac, Etoricoxib, Flupirtine, Flurbiprofen, Fluvastatin, Folic Acid, Glafenine, Haloperidol, Hexachlorophene, Ibuprofen, Icosapent Ethyl, Indapamide, Indocyanine Green Acid Form, Indomethacin, Iproniazid, Isocarboxazid