Cephalexin Anhydrous

Summary

Cephalexin Anhydrous (CHEMBL1727) is an approved small-molecule antibacterial drug.

At a glance

• Status: Approved (max clinical phase 4)
• Modality: Small molecule
• Clinical trials: 50
• Chemistry: 347.4 Da · C16H17N3O4S

Identifiers

Drug identity and classification

Field	Value
ChEMBL ID	CHEMBL1727
Name	Cephalexin Anhydrous
Type	Small molecule
Max phase	4
FDA approved	yes
PubChem CID	27447
ChEBI	CHEBI:3534
Molecular formula	C16H17N3O4S
Molecular weight	347.4
InChIKey	ZAIPMKNFIOOWCQ-UEKVPHQBSA-N

SMILES: CC1=C(N2[C@@H]([C@@H](C2=O)NC(=O)[C@@H](C3=CC=CC=C3)N)SC1)C(=O)O

IUPAC name: (6R,7R)-7-[[(2R)-2-amino-2-phenylacetyl]amino]-3-methyl-8-oxo-5-thia-1-azabicyclo[4.2.0]oct-2-ene-2-carboxylic acid

ChEBI definition: A semisynthetic first-generation cephalosporin antibiotic having methyl and β-(2R)-2-amino-2-phenylacetamido groups at the 3- and 7- of the cephem skeleton, respectively. It is effective against both Gram-negative and Gram-positive organisms, and is used for treatment of infections of the skin, respiratory tract and urinary tract.

Pharmacological roles (ChEBI): antibacterial drug.

Also known as: Alsporin, Anhydrous cephalexin, Carnosporin, Cefadros, Cefaleksin, Cefalexin, Cefalexin anhydrous, Cefalexina, Cefalexine, Cephalexin anhydrous, Cephamasten, Durantel

Parent form; salt/anhydrous children: CHEMBL1200366, CHEMBL1200544

Patent coverage: 18,458 distinct patent families (59,411 SureChEMBL compound mentions), from 1 matched compound structure(s). Mentions count patents naming the compound (not distinct inventions), so promiscuous / reference molecules inflate the mention figure — families are the dedup metric.

Targets

Targets

Broader ChEMBL bioactivity targets: 11 (assay-derived). Sample: Tyrosyl-DNA phosphodiesterase 1, Microtubule-associated protein tau, Fructose-bisphosphate aldolase, 4’-phosphopantetheinyl transferase ffp, 15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase [NAD(+)], Solute carrier family 15 member 2, 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2B, Alpha-1A adrenergic receptor, Solute carrier family 15 member 2, Aldehyde dehydrogenase 1A1, Mitogen-activated protein kinase 1.

Bioactivity

ChEMBL activities: 3 potent at pChembl ≥ 5 of 16 total. Top 100 by potency (10 = 0.1 nM, 6 = 1 µM):

Target	pChembl	Type	Value	Unit	Activity ID
ADRA1A	5.24	AC50	5780	nM	CHEMBL_ACT_25137922
HTR2B	5.2	AC50	6306	nM	CHEMBL_ACT_25164106
MAPK1	5.1	Potency	7943	nM	CHEMBL_ACT_4701491

Target pathways

No target-pathway data for this drug (no mapped target genes).

Indications & clinical

Indications

0 indication records carry no mapped disease name (EFO/MeSH-only); none shown.

Clinical trials

Total trials: 50.

Phase distribution

Phase	Trials
PHASE4	14
PHASE1	13
Not specified	9
PHASE2	7
PHASE3	5
PHASE2/PHASE3	1
PHASE1/PHASE2	1

Top trials by phase / activity

NCT	Phase	Status	Title
NCT01912651	PHASE4	RECRUITING	The Role of Antibiotics in Full Thickness Skin Graft Survival for Facial Reconstructive Surgery
NCT04297592	PHASE4	ENROLLING_BY_INVITATION	Antibiotic Prophylaxis in High-Risk Arthroplasty Patients
NCT04538053	PHASE4	RECRUITING	BonE and Joint Infections - Simplifying Treatment in Children Trial
NCT04580472	PHASE4	ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING	Utility of Single-dose Oral Antibiotic Prophylaxis in Prevention of Surgical Site Infection in Dermatologic Surgery
NCT05852262	PHASE4	ENROLLING_BY_INVITATION	High-dose Cephalexin for Cellulitis (HI-DOCC)
NCT06055712	PHASE4	ENROLLING_BY_INVITATION	Antibiotic Prophylaxis in Pediatric Open Fractures
NCT00234949	PHASE4	COMPLETED	A Study to Compare Cefdinir and Cephalexin for the Treatment of Mild to Moderate Uncomplicated Skin Infections
NCT00352612	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Comparison of Cephalexin Versus Clindamycin for Suspected CA-MRSA Skin Infections
NCT04471246	PHASE4	COMPLETED	High-dose vs. Standard-dose Cephalexin for Cellulitis
NCT04834310	PHASE4	WITHDRAWN	Postoperative Antibiotics Following Primary and Secondary Breast Augmentation
NCT05156437	PHASE4	TERMINATED	Postoperative Antibiotic Management Duration Following Surgery for Intravenous Drug Abuse (IVDA) Endocarditis (OPTIMAL)
NCT05274672	PHASE4	WITHDRAWN	Role of Prophylactic Postoperative Antibiotics in HoLEP
NCT05977868	PHASE4	TERMINATED	Comparing Oral Versus Parenteral Antimicrobial Therapy
NCT06127160	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Patient-Directed Antimicrobial Duration in Acute Uncomplicated Pyelonephritis
NCT00003824	PHASE3	TERMINATED	S9809, Ciprofloxacin Compared With Cephalexin in Treating Patients With Bladder Cancer
NCT00729937	PHASE2/PHASE3	COMPLETED	Strategies Using Off-Patent Antibiotics for Methicillin Resistant S. Aureus STOP MRSA
NCT01002911	PHASE3	COMPLETED	Prevention of Arrhythmia Device Infection Trial (PADIT Pilot)
NCT02809131	PHASE3	COMPLETED	Perioperative Antibiotic Therapy to Prevent Cardiac Implantable Electronic Device Infections.
NCT04553419	PHASE3	UNKNOWN	Antibiotic Treatment Of Staphylococcus Aureus In Stable People With CF
NCT04577846	PHASE3	UNKNOWN	SSI Rates in Patients Undergoing Mastectomy Without Reconstruction- A Multicenter, Double-blinded RCT.
NCT01631617	PHASE2	RECRUITING	Effects of Treatments on Atopic Dermatitis
NCT05020574	PHASE2	RECRUITING	Microbiome and Association With Implant Infections
NCT06406114	PHASE2	RECRUITING	Optimizing the Diagnostic Approach to Cephalosporin Allergy Testing
NCT01029782	PHASE2	COMPLETED	Comparison of Intravenous Cefazolin Plus Oral Probenecid With Oral Cephalexin for the Treatment of Cellulitis
NCT01595529	PHASE2	COMPLETED	The SCOUT Study: Short Course Therapy for Urinary Tract Infections in Children
NCT02014558	PHASE1/PHASE2	COMPLETED	Dose Escalation Study Investigating the Safety, Tolerability, Pharmacokinetics, Pharmacodynamics of ASP2215 in Patients With Relapsed or Refractory Acute Myeloid Leukemia
NCT02569866	PHASE2	COMPLETED	Antibiotics After Breast Reduction:Clinical Trial With Randomization
NCT05664568	PHASE2	UNKNOWN	The BLAST- 1 Trial - Cephalexin+Amoxicillin-clavulanate for Tuberculosis
NCT07300670	PHASE1	RECRUITING	The Effect of Losartan on Cephalexin
NCT01073553	PHASE1	COMPLETED	Cross-over Study to Prove Bioequivalence Between Two Brands of Cefalexin Capsules
NCT01767532	PHASE1	COMPLETED	Bioequivalence Study of Cephalexin Suspension 125
NCT01767571	PHASE1	COMPLETED	Bioequivalence Study of Cephalexin Suspension 250
NCT01767584	PHASE1	COMPLETED	Bioequivalence Study of Cephalexin Tablets 1g
NCT02100826	PHASE1	COMPLETED	A Study of Cephalexin in Healthy Participants
NCT02123446	PHASE1	COMPLETED	A Study of Cephalexin Capsules in Healthy Participants
NCT02123459	PHASE1	COMPLETED	A Study of Cephalexin Suspension in Healthy Participants
NCT02123472	PHASE1	COMPLETED	A Study of Cephalexin Liquid for Pediatrics in Healthy Adults Participants
NCT02490670	PHASE1	COMPLETED	A Study of Cephalexin Liquid in Healthy Participants
NCT03187106	PHASE1	COMPLETED	Prophylactic Antibiotics After Cesarean
NCT03802552	PHASE1	COMPLETED	Cefadroxil and Cephalexin Drug Levels and Dosing in Pediatric Musculoskeletal Infections
NCT04916951	PHASE1	COMPLETED	Oral Amoxicillin and Cephalexin PK/PD in Neonates
NCT00187759	Not specified	COMPLETED	Placebo Controlled Study of Antibiotic Treatment of Soft Tissue Infection
NCT00676130	Not specified	COMPLETED	Study of New Antibiotic Regimen for the Treatment of Uncomplicated Cellulitis in Emergency Department Patients
NCT01155154	Not specified	TERMINATED	Antibiotic Prophylaxis for Simple Hand Lacerations
NCT01194115	Not specified	UNKNOWN	Use of 48 Hour Course of Antibiotics to Prevent Surgical Site Infection in Obese Patients Undergoing Cesarean Delivery
NCT01501747	Not specified	COMPLETED	The Placebo Effect May Involve Modulating Drug Bioavailability
NCT01823523	Not specified	UNKNOWN	Orthognathic Surgery and Postoperative Antibiotic Use
NCT02911662	Not specified	TERMINATED	Treatment of Asymptomatic Bacteriuria in Pregnancy
NCT03357419	Not specified	WITHDRAWN	The Effect of Prophylactic Antibiotics on Surgical Site Infection Lower Limb Skin Excisions
NCT03736187	Not specified	UNKNOWN	Antibiotics for Prevention of SSI in Obese Women Undergoing CS

Clinical evidence (CIViC)

No CIViC predictive evidence (expected for non-precision-medicine drugs).

Pharmacology

Pharmacogenomics

No CPIC/DPWG dosing guideline, but PharmGKB curates 1 clinical and 2 variant annotation(s) for this drug (gene-keyed; see PharmGKB).

Related molecules

Related molecules

No competitor molecules sharing a primary target (ChEMBL phase ≥2 or PubChem drug-class).