Chloroform

Summary

Chloroform (CHEMBL44618) is an approved small-molecule inhalation anaesthetic (ATC N01AB02) targeting TRPM3, KCNK2, and KCNK16.

At a glance

• Status: Approved (max clinical phase 4)
• Modality: Small molecule
• ATC class: N01AB02
• Targets: 4 (TRPM3, KCNK2, KCNK16…)
• Chemistry: 119.37 Da · CHCl3

Identifiers

Drug identity and classification

Field	Value
ChEMBL ID	CHEMBL44618
Name	Chloroform
Type	Small molecule
Max phase	4
FDA approved	yes
PubChem CID	6212
ChEBI	CHEBI:35255
ATC	N01AB02
Molecular formula	CHCl3
Molecular weight	119.37
InChIKey	HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N

SMILES: C(Cl)(Cl)Cl

IUPAC name: chloroform

ChEBI definition: A one-carbon compound that is methane in which three of the hydrogens are replaced by chlorines.

Pharmacological roles (ChEBI): inhalation anaesthetic, carcinogenic agent, central nervous system drug.

Other ChEBI roles (chemical / environmental): refrigerant.

Also known as: Chloroform, Chloroform bp, Chloroformum, Hcc 20, NSC-77361, R 20 (refrigerant), Trichloromethane, Trichloromethane (Chloroform), chloroform, SID17389970, SID144209692, CHLOROFORM

Patent coverage: 480,507 distinct patent families (1,186,561 SureChEMBL compound mentions), from 1 matched compound structure(s). Mentions count patents naming the compound (not distinct inventions), so promiscuous / reference molecules inflate the mention figure — families are the dedup metric.

Targets

Targets

Primary targets (GtoPdb curated mechanism): the Cancer dependency column is the DepMap CRISPR fitness signal (% of screened cell lines dependent on the target).

Gene	Target	Action	pAffinity	Cancer dependency	UniProt
TRPM3	TRPM3	Antagonist	3.78	0.1%	Q9HCF6
KCNK2	K2P2.1			0.2%	O95069
KCNK16	K2P16.1			0%	Q96T55
KCNK17	K2P17.1			0.3%	Q96T54

Broader ChEMBL bioactivity targets: 1 (assay-derived). Sample: Prelamin-A/C.

Bioactivity

No ChEMBL bioactivity rows at pChembl ≥ 5 (expected for biologics / antibodies).

Target pathways

Aggregated over 4 target gene(s): TRPM3, KCNK2, KCNK16, KCNK17.

Top Reactome pathways

9 total, by targets touching each:

Pathway	Targets	Genes
Neuronal System	3	KCNK16, KCNK17, KCNK2
Potassium Channels	3	KCNK16, KCNK17, KCNK2
Tandem pore domain potassium channels	3	KCNK16, KCNK17, KCNK2
Muscle contraction	3	KCNK16, KCNK17, KCNK2
Phase 4 - resting membrane potential	3	KCNK16, KCNK17, KCNK2
Cardiac conduction	3	KCNK16, KCNK17, KCNK2
TWIK-related alkaline pH activated K+ channel (TALK)	2	KCNK16, KCNK17
TWIK related potassium channel (TREK)	1	KCNK2
TRP channels	1	TRPM3

Dominant GO biological processes

GO term	Targets
monoatomic ion transport	4
monoatomic ion transmembrane transport	4
potassium ion transmembrane transport	3
potassium ion transport	3
regulation of membrane potential	2
monoatomic cation transport	1
calcium ion transport	1
protein homotetramerization	1
calcium ion transmembrane transport	1
zinc ion transmembrane transport	1
monoatomic cation transmembrane transport	1
protein tetramerization	1
transmembrane transport	1
cardiac ventricle development	1
G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway	1

Indications & clinical

Indications

0 indications (0 at ChEMBL trial phase 4).

Clinical trials

Total trials: 0.

Clinical evidence (CIViC)

No CIViC predictive evidence (expected for non-precision-medicine drugs).

Pharmacology

Pharmacogenomics

No PharmGKB pharmacogenomic data curated for this drug.

Related molecules

Related molecules

Molecules sharing ≥1 of this drug’s curated primary targets, merged from two biobtree sources and ranked by shared-target count, then clinical phase: ChEMBL clinical-stage candidates (development phase ≥2) and PubChem drug-class bioactivity (approved / known drugs acting on the target). Deduplicated by drug name; the drug’s own salt forms are excluded. Note: for a drug with few primary targets a shared-target match can reflect off-target / promiscuous binding rather than the same therapeutic mechanism — the phase ordering surfaces bona-fide therapeutics first.

30 molecules share ≥1 primary target. Top 30 by shared-target count:

Molecule	Source	Status	Shared targets
Isoflurane	PubChem	Approved	KCNK16, KCNK2
Mefenamic Acid	PubChem	Approved	KCNK2, TRPM3
AMLODIPINE	ChEMBL + PubChem	Phase 4 (approved)	KCNK2
CARVEDILOL	ChEMBL + PubChem	Phase 4 (approved)	KCNK2
CHLORPROMAZINE	ChEMBL + PubChem	Phase 4 (approved)	KCNK2
FLUOXETINE	ChEMBL + PubChem	Phase 4 (approved)	KCNK2
FLUPHENAZINE	ChEMBL + PubChem	Phase 4 (approved)	KCNK2
HALOPERIDOL	ChEMBL + PubChem	Phase 4 (approved)	KCNK2
LOXAPINE	ChEMBL + PubChem	Phase 4 (approved)	KCNK2
MEXILETINE	ChEMBL + PubChem	Phase 4 (approved)	KCNK2
NIFEDIPINE	ChEMBL + PubChem	Phase 4 (approved)	KCNK2
PIMOZIDE	ChEMBL + PubChem	Phase 4 (approved)	KCNK2
PROPAFENONE	ChEMBL + PubChem	Phase 4 (approved)	KCNK2
BEPRIDIL	ChEMBL	Phase 4 (approved)	KCNK2
FLUPENTIXOL	ChEMBL	Phase 3	KCNK2
FLUFENAMIC ACID	ChEMBL	Phase 2	KCNK2
SIPATRIGINE	ChEMBL	Phase 2	KCNK2
Caffeine	PubChem	Approved	KCNK2
dalfampridine	PubChem	Approved	KCNK2
Diclofenac	PubChem	Approved	KCNK2
glyburide	PubChem	Approved	KCNK2
Haloperidol Decanoate	PubChem	Approved	KCNK2
Indomethacin	PubChem	Approved	KCNK2
Lidocaine	PubChem	Approved	KCNK2
Pioglitazone	PubChem	Approved	TRPM3
Quinidine	PubChem	Approved	KCNK16
Quinine	PubChem	Approved	KCNK2
Riluzole	PubChem	Approved	KCNK2
Rosiglitazone	PubChem	Approved	TRPM3
theophylline	PubChem	Approved	KCNK2