Cinnarizine

drug
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Also known as 516 MDAplactanAplexalArtateCarecinCerebolanCereparCinaperazineCinarizinaCinarizineCinazynCinnacetCinnageronCinnipirineCorathiemDenapolDimitronEglenFolcodal

Summary

Cinnarizine (CHEMBL43064) is an approved small-molecule histamine antagonist (ATC N07CA02) targeting DRD2 and CACNA1D; indicated across 1 condition.

At a glance

  • Status: Approved (max clinical phase 4)
  • Modality: Small molecule
  • ATC class: N07CA02 (+1 more)
  • Targets: 2 (DRD2, CACNA1D)
  • Indications: 1 condition
  • Clinical trials: 3
  • Chemistry: 368.5 Da · C26H28N2

Identifiers

Drug identity and classification

FieldValue
ChEMBL IDCHEMBL43064
NameCinnarizine
TypeSmall molecule
Max phase4
FDA approvedno
PubChem CID1547484
ChEBICHEBI:31403
ATCN07CA02, N07CA52
Molecular formulaC26H28N2
Molecular weight368.5
InChIKeyDERZBLKQOCDDDZ-JLHYYAGUSA-N

SMILES: C1CN(CCN1C/C=C/C2=CC=CC=C2)C(C3=CC=CC=C3)C4=CC=CC=C4

IUPAC name: 1-benzhydryl-4-[(E)-3-phenylprop-2-enyl]piperazine

Pharmacological roles (ChEBI): antiemetic, histamine antagonist, calcium channel blocker, muscarinic antagonist, anti-allergic agent, H1-receptor antagonist, geroprotector.

Also known as: 516 MD, Aplactan, Aplexal, Artate, Carecin, Cerebolan, Cerepar, Cinaperazine, Cinarizina, Cinarizine, Cinazyn, Cinnacet

Patent coverage: 6,031 distinct patent families (16,658 SureChEMBL compound mentions), from 1 matched compound structure(s). Mentions count patents naming the compound (not distinct inventions), so promiscuous / reference molecules inflate the mention figure — families are the dedup metric.

Targets

Targets

Primary targets (GtoPdb curated mechanism): the Cancer dependency column is the DepMap CRISPR fitness signal (% of screened cell lines dependent on the target).

GeneTargetActionpAffinityCancer dependencyUniProt
DRD2D2 receptorAntagonist7.880%P14416
CACNA1DCav1.3Pore blocker5.820.3%Q01668

Broader ChEMBL bioactivity targets: 45 (assay-derived). Sample: Prelamin-A/C, Inositol monophosphatase 1, Geminin, Endonuclease 4, Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M4, 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2B, Alpha-2A adrenergic receptor, Alpha-2C adrenergic receptor, Alpha-2B adrenergic receptor, Beta-lactamase.

Bioactivity

ChEMBL activities: 63 potent at pChembl ≥ 5 of 87 total. Top 30 by potency (10 = 0.1 nM, 6 = 1 µM):

TargetpChemblTypeValueUnitActivity ID
LMNA8.3Potency5nMCHEMBL_ACT_3645341
HRH18.06Ki8.62nMCHEMBL_ACT_7707949
SIGMAR17.77Ki17nMCHEMBL_ACT_7710151
SIGMAR17.4IC5040nMCHEMBL_ACT_7710150
HRH17.13IC5074nMCHEMBL_ACT_7707948
DRD37.07Ki86nMCHEMBL_ACT_7705867
ADRA2C7.02Ki95nMCHEMBL_ACT_7705799
HTR2A6.99Ki103nMCHEMBL_ACT_7708059
CHRM36.79Ki162nMCHEMBL_ACT_7707981
ADRA2A6.78Ki167nMCHEMBL_ACT_7705795
KCNH26.72AC50190nMCHEMBL_ACT_25118801
DRD36.6IC50252nMCHEMBL_ACT_7705866
DRD26.59Ki259nMCHEMBL_ACT_7705865
HRH16.48AC50330nMCHEMBL_ACT_25213172
HTR2A6.44IC50360nMCHEMBL_ACT_7708058
SCN1A6.36IC50440nMCHEMBL_ACT_370875
ADRA2A6.35IC50444nMCHEMBL_ACT_7705794
HTR2B6.33Ki465nMCHEMBL_ACT_7708061
P158236.3Ki502nMCHEMBL_ACT_7705791
CHRM46.29Ki510nMCHEMBL_ACT_7707983
CHRM56.26Ki545nMCHEMBL_ACT_7707985
ADRA1D6.24Ki573nMCHEMBL_ACT_7705793
SLC6A46.24Ki579nMCHEMBL_ACT_7710149
HTR1A6.22AC50599.8nMCHEMBL_ACT_25165605
CHRM16.22Ki605nMCHEMBL_ACT_7707977
P193276.21Ki619nMCHEMBL_ACT_7708055
ADRA2C6.19IC50652nMCHEMBL_ACT_7705798
HTR2B6.14IC50731nMCHEMBL_ACT_7708060
CHRM36.12IC50762nMCHEMBL_ACT_7707980
CHRM56.12IC50759nMCHEMBL_ACT_7707984

Target pathways

Aggregated over 2 target gene(s): DRD2, CACNA1D.

Top Reactome pathways

13 total, by targets touching each:

PathwayTargetsGenes
Developmental Biology1CACNA1D
Metabolism1CACNA1D
Integration of energy metabolism1CACNA1D
NCAM signaling for neurite out-growth1CACNA1D
Dopamine receptors1DRD2
Adrenaline,noradrenaline inhibits insulin secretion1CACNA1D
NCAM1 interactions1CACNA1D
Regulation of insulin secretion1CACNA1D
Axon guidance1CACNA1D
Sensory processing of sound1CACNA1D
Sensory processing of sound by inner hair cells of the cochlea1CACNA1D
Nervous system development1CACNA1D
Sensory Perception1CACNA1D

Dominant GO biological processes

GO termTargets
adenylate cyclase-modulating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway2
temperature homeostasis1
response to hypoxia1
response to amphetamine1
nervous system process involved in regulation of systemic arterial blood pressure1
regulation of heart rate1
regulation of sodium ion transport1
G protein-coupled receptor internalization1
positive regulation of neuroblast proliferation1
positive regulation of receptor internalization1
intracellular calcium ion homeostasis1
autophagy1
adenylate cyclase-inhibiting dopamine receptor signaling pathway1
phospholipase C-activating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway1
neuron-neuron synaptic transmission1

Indications & clinical

Indications

1 indication (1 at ChEMBL trial phase 4).

The 1 indication record carries no mapped disease name (EFO/MeSH-only); none shown.

Clinical trials

Total trials: 3.

Phase distribution

PhaseTrials
Not specified2
PHASE41

Top trials by phase / activity

NCTPhaseStatusTitle
NCT01939093PHASE4COMPLETEDTherapeutic Effect of Quetiapine on Methamphetamine-Induced Psychosis
NCT01198106Not specifiedUNKNOWNA Double-blind Comparison of Scopolamine With Cinnarizin for Prevention of Simulator Sickness
NCT05686993Not specifiedCOMPLETEDEffect of a Proposed Cav1.3 Inhibitor in Primary Aldosteronism

Clinical evidence (CIViC)

No CIViC predictive evidence (expected for non-precision-medicine drugs).

Pharmacology

Pharmacogenomics

No PharmGKB pharmacogenomic data curated for this drug.

Molecules sharing ≥1 of this drug’s curated primary targets, merged from two biobtree sources and ranked by shared-target count, then clinical phase: ChEMBL clinical-stage candidates (development phase ≥2) and PubChem drug-class bioactivity (approved / known drugs acting on the target). Deduplicated by drug name; the drug’s own salt forms are excluded. Note: for a drug with few primary targets a shared-target match can reflect off-target / promiscuous binding rather than the same therapeutic mechanism — the phase ordering surfaces bona-fide therapeutics first.

341 molecules share ≥1 primary target. Top 60 by shared-target count:

MoleculeSourceStatusShared targets
AMIODARONEChEMBL + PubChemPhase 4 (approved)CACNA1D, DRD2
AMITRIPTYLINEChEMBL + PubChemPhase 4 (approved)CACNA1D, DRD2
AMLODIPINEChEMBL + PubChemPhase 4 (approved)CACNA1D, DRD2
CHLORPROMAZINEChEMBL + PubChemPhase 4 (approved)CACNA1D, DRD2
CLOZAPINEChEMBL + PubChemPhase 4 (approved)CACNA1D, DRD2
DROPERIDOLChEMBL + PubChemPhase 4 (approved)CACNA1D, DRD2
DULOXETINEChEMBL + PubChemPhase 4 (approved)CACNA1D, DRD2
HALOPERIDOLChEMBL + PubChemPhase 4 (approved)CACNA1D, DRD2
IMIPRAMINEChEMBL + PubChemPhase 4 (approved)CACNA1D, DRD2
PALIPERIDONEChEMBL + PubChemPhase 4 (approved)CACNA1D, DRD2
PIMOZIDEChEMBL + PubChemPhase 4 (approved)CACNA1D, DRD2
QUINIDINEChEMBL + PubChemPhase 4 (approved)CACNA1D, DRD2
RISPERIDONEChEMBL + PubChemPhase 4 (approved)CACNA1D, DRD2
SAQUINAVIRChEMBL + PubChemPhase 4 (approved)CACNA1D, DRD2
SUNITINIBChEMBL + PubChemPhase 4 (approved)CACNA1D, DRD2
THIORIDAZINEChEMBL + PubChemPhase 4 (approved)CACNA1D, DRD2
VERAPAMILChEMBL + PubChemPhase 4 (approved)CACNA1D, DRD2
ASTEMIZOLEChEMBLPhase 4 (approved)CACNA1D, DRD2
BEPRIDILChEMBLPhase 4 (approved)CACNA1D, DRD2
CISAPRIDEChEMBLPhase 4 (approved)CACNA1D, DRD2
SERTINDOLEChEMBLPhase 4 (approved)CACNA1D, DRD2
TERFENADINEChEMBLPhase 4 (approved)CACNA1D, DRD2
GALLOPAMILChEMBLPhase 2CACNA1D, DRD2
CILOSTAZOLChEMBL + PubChemPhase 4 (approved)CACNA1D
DIAZEPAMChEMBL + PubChemPhase 4 (approved)CACNA1D
DIHYDROERGOTAMINEChEMBL + PubChemPhase 4 (approved)DRD2
DILTIAZEMChEMBL + PubChemPhase 4 (approved)CACNA1D
DOFETILIDEChEMBL + PubChemPhase 4 (approved)CACNA1D
DONEPEZILChEMBL + PubChemPhase 4 (approved)CACNA1D
FLECAINIDEChEMBL + PubChemPhase 4 (approved)CACNA1D
IBUTILIDEChEMBL + PubChemPhase 4 (approved)CACNA1D
LAMIVUDINEChEMBL + PubChemPhase 4 (approved)CACNA1D
LORATADINEChEMBL + PubChemPhase 4 (approved)CACNA1D
METHADONEChEMBL + PubChemPhase 4 (approved)CACNA1D
MEXILETINEChEMBL + PubChemPhase 4 (approved)CACNA1D
MITOXANTRONEChEMBL + PubChemPhase 4 (approved)CACNA1D
NIFEDIPINEChEMBL + PubChemPhase 4 (approved)CACNA1D
NILOTINIBChEMBL + PubChemPhase 4 (approved)CACNA1D
NIMODIPINEChEMBL + PubChemPhase 4 (approved)CACNA1D
PAROXETINEChEMBL + PubChemPhase 4 (approved)CACNA1D
PHENYTOINChEMBL + PubChemPhase 4 (approved)CACNA1D
SOLIFENACINChEMBL + PubChemPhase 4 (approved)CACNA1D
ACETOPHENAZINEChEMBLPhase 4 (approved)DRD2
AMISULPRIDEChEMBLPhase 4 (approved)DRD2
AMODIAQUINEChEMBLPhase 4 (approved)DRD2
AMOXAPINEChEMBLPhase 4 (approved)DRD2
AMSACRINEChEMBLPhase 4 (approved)DRD2
APOMORPHINEChEMBLPhase 4 (approved)DRD2
ARFORMOTEROLChEMBLPhase 4 (approved)DRD2
ARIPIPRAZOLEChEMBLPhase 4 (approved)DRD2
ARMODAFINILChEMBLPhase 4 (approved)DRD2
ASENAPINEChEMBLPhase 4 (approved)DRD2
AZATADINEChEMBLPhase 4 (approved)DRD2
AZELASTINEChEMBLPhase 4 (approved)DRD2
BAZEDOXIFENEChEMBLPhase 4 (approved)DRD2
BENPERIDOLChEMBLPhase 4 (approved)DRD2
BENZQUINAMIDEChEMBLPhase 4 (approved)DRD2
BENZTROPINEChEMBLPhase 4 (approved)DRD2
BETAMETHASONE DIPROPIONATEChEMBLPhase 4 (approved)DRD2
BLONANSERINChEMBLPhase 4 (approved)DRD2