Clindamycin
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Also known as ChlorodeoxylincomycinChlorolincomycinClindamicinaClindamycineU-21,251U-21251Clindamycin PhosphateClindamycin hydrochlorideÊCLINDAMYCIN HYDROCHLORIDEClindamycin hydrochlorideÂ
Summary
Clindamycin (CHEMBL1753) is an approved small molecule (ATC G01AA10); indicated across 24 conditions including acne and osteomyelitis.
At a glance
- Status: Approved (max clinical phase 4)
- Modality: Small molecule
- ATC class: G01AA10 (+2 more)
- Indications: 24 conditions
- Clinical trials: 126
- Chemistry: 425 Da · C18H33ClN2O5S
Identifiers
Drug identity and classification
| Field | Value |
|---|---|
| ChEMBL ID | CHEMBL1753 |
| Name | Clindamycin |
| Type | Small molecule |
| Max phase | 4 |
| FDA approved | yes |
| PubChem CID | 446598 |
| ChEBI | CHEBI:3745 |
| ATC | G01AA10, D10AF01, J01FF01 |
| Molecular formula | C18H33ClN2O5S |
| Molecular weight | 425 |
| InChIKey | KDLRVYVGXIQJDK-AWPVFWJPSA-N |
SMILES: CCC[C@@H]1C[C@H](N(C1)C)C(=O)N[C@@H]([C@@H]2[C@@H]([C@@H]([C@H]([C@H](O2)SC)O)O)O)[C@H](C)Cl
IUPAC name: (2S,4R)-N-[(1S,2S)-2-chloro-1-[(2R,3R,4S,5R,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methylsulfanyloxan-2-yl]propyl]-1-methyl-4-propylpyrrolidine-2-carboxamide
ChEBI definition: A carbohydrate-containing antibiotic that is the semisynthetic derivative of lincomycin, a natural antibiotic.
Other ChEBI roles (chemical / environmental): xenobiotic, environmental contaminant.
Also known as: Chlorodeoxylincomycin, Chlorolincomycin, Clindamicina, Clindamycin, Clindamycine, U-21,251, U-21251, clindamycin, CLINDAMYCIN, CLINDAMYCINE, Clindamycin Phosphate, Clindamycin hydrochlorideÊ
Parent form; salt/anhydrous children: CHEMBL1200588
Patent coverage: 21,057 distinct patent families (74,266 SureChEMBL compound mentions), from 1 matched compound structure(s). Mentions count patents naming the compound (not distinct inventions), so promiscuous / reference molecules inflate the mention figure — families are the dedup metric.
Targets
Targets
Broader ChEMBL bioactivity targets: 3 (assay-derived). Sample: 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2A, Alpha-1A adrenergic receptor, Bacterial 70S ribosome.
Bioactivity
ChEMBL activities: 3 potent at pChembl ≥ 5 of 3 total. Top 30 by potency (10 = 0.1 nM, 6 = 1 µM):
| Target | pChembl | Type | Value | Unit | Activity ID |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| P02358 | 5.57 | Ki | 2700 | nM | CHEMBL_ACT_25466654 |
| ADRA1A | 5.46 | AC50 | 3425 | nM | CHEMBL_ACT_25138009 |
| HTR2A | 5.09 | AC50 | 8167 | nM | CHEMBL_ACT_25173661 |
Target pathways
No target-pathway data for this drug (no mapped target genes).
Indications & clinical
Indications
24 indications (5 at ChEMBL trial phase 4). Phase below is the highest clinical-trial phase recorded for this drug against each disease — not the molecule’s overall approval status (that is in the Summary).
| Indication | Trial phase | MONDO | EFO |
|---|---|---|---|
| acne | 4 | MONDO:0011438 | EFO:0003894 |
| osteomyelitis | 4 | MONDO:0005246 | EFO:0003102 |
| bacterial infectious disease | 4 | MONDO:0005113 | EFO:0000771 |
| endometritis | 4 | MONDO:0000918 | EFO:1001312 |
| bacterial vaginosis | 3 | MONDO:0005316 | EFO:0003932 |
| skin disorder | 3 | MONDO:0005093 | EFO:0000701 |
| malaria | 3 | MONDO:0005136 | EFO:0001068 |
| staphylococcus aureus infection | 3 | MONDO:0005545 | EFO:0005681 |
| pneumocystosis | 3 | MONDO:0019121 | EFO:0007448 |
| vulvovaginal candidiasis | 3 | MONDO:0006014 | EFO:0007543 |
| chorioretinitis | 3 | MONDO:0004674 | HP:0012424 |
| breast neoplasm | 3 | MONDO:0021100 | MONDO:0007254 |
| nephrolithiasis | 3 | MONDO:0008171 | EFO:0004253 |
| prediabetes syndrome | 2 | MONDO:0006920 | EFO:1001121 |
| periapical periodontitis | 2 | MONDO:0004508 | EFO:1001391 |
| severe acute respiratory syndrome | 2 | MONDO:0005091 | MONDO:0100096 |
| non-small cell lung carcinoma | 2 | MONDO:0005233 | EFO:0003060 |
| vaginitis | 0 | MONDO:0002234 | MONDO:0002234 |
6 further indication records had no mapped disease name (EFO/MeSH-only) or were duplicates, and are omitted.
Clinical trials
Total trials: 126.
Phase distribution
| Phase | Trials |
|---|---|
| PHASE4 | 38 |
| PHASE3 | 29 |
| Not specified | 29 |
| PHASE2 | 13 |
| PHASE1 | 9 |
| PHASE2/PHASE3 | 4 |
| PHASE1/PHASE2 | 2 |
| EARLY_PHASE1 | 2 |
Top trials by phase / activity
| NCT | Phase | Status | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| NCT03883269 | PHASE4 | RECRUITING | Anti-inflammatory Effects of Topical Erythromycin and Clindamycin in Acne Patients |
| NCT05137119 | PHASE4 | RECRUITING | Staphylococcus Aureus Network Adaptive Platform Trial |
| NCT05398679 | PHASE4 | RECRUITING | Oral Antimicrobial Treatment vs. Outpatient Parenteral for Infective Endocarditis |
| NCT05846399 | PHASE4 | RECRUITING | CAT BITE Antibiotic Prophylaxis for the Hand/Forearm (CATBITE) |
| NCT05899140 | PHASE4 | RECRUITING | Adjunctive Clindamycin for the Treatment of Skin and Soft Tissue Infections, a Randomized Controlled Trial |
| NCT06172010 | PHASE4 | RECRUITING | Rifampicin Combination Therapy Versus Monotherapy for Staphylococcal Prosthetic Joint Infection |
| NCT06422221 | PHASE4 | NOT_YET_RECRUITING | An Oral Doxycycline Regimen to Prevent Bacteremia Following Dental Procedures |
| NCT06494072 | PHASE4 | RECRUITING | Short Versus Standard of Care Antibiotic Duration for Children Hospitalized for CAP |
| NCT07357103 | PHASE4 | NOT_YET_RECRUITING | Positioning Second-line Therapies for Pneumocystis Jirovecii Pneumonia (PCP Alternatives) |
| NCT07561541 | PHASE4 | RECRUITING | Extended Oral Antibiotic Prophylaxis in Diabetic Fracture Patients |
| NCT00219570 | PHASE4 | COMPLETED | Dalacin-T Gel Post Approval Study |
| NCT00352612 | PHASE4 | COMPLETED | Comparison of Cephalexin Versus Clindamycin for Suspected CA-MRSA Skin Infections |
| NCT00377000 | PHASE4 | COMPLETED | A Pilot, Multi-Center, Patient Preference Study Comparing Two Clindamycin/Benzoyl Peroxide Gels. |
| NCT00398658 | PHASE4 | COMPLETED | Prophylaxis of Acute Post-Traumatic Bacterial Endophthalmitis |
| NCT00642980 | PHASE4 | COMPLETED | Prevention of Very Preterm Delivery by Testing for and Treatment of Bacterial Vaginosis |
| NCT00671749 | PHASE4 | COMPLETED | Combination Therapy With Differin® Gel 0.3% and Duac® (Clindamycin/Benzoyl Peroxide Gel) in Subjects With Acne Vulgaris |
| NCT00887484 | PHASE4 | COMPLETED | A Comparative Study of the Tolerability of Two Combination Therapies for the Treatment of Acne |
| NCT00926367 | PHASE4 | COMPLETED | Two-week Study to Compare the Tolerance and Irritation Potential of Two Combination Topical Gel Acne Medications |
| NCT00964223 | PHASE4 | COMPLETED | A Study to Evaluate Tolerability of Two Topical Drug Products in the Treatment of Facial Acne |
| NCT00964366 | PHASE4 | COMPLETED | Study to Determine and Compare the Tolerance and Irritation Potential of Topical Acne Medications |
| NCT01015638 | PHASE4 | COMPLETED | Compare the Tolerance of Clindamycin 1% /Benzoyl Peroxide (BPO) 5% Gel to Clindamycin 1.2%/ BPO 2.5% Topical Medications |
| NCT01016977 | PHASE4 | COMPLETED | A Phase 4, Single-Blind, Randomized, Study to Compare the Tolerability and Efficacy of 0.1% Tazorac Cream When Used in Combination With Either Duac Gel or Acanya Gel for the Treatment of Facial Acne Vulgaris |
| NCT01047189 | PHASE4 | COMPLETED | Adherence to Study Medication Compared to Generic Topical Clindamycin Plus Generic Topical Tretinoin in Subjects With Mild to Moderate Acne Vulgaris |
| NCT01111994 | PHASE4 | UNKNOWN | Efficacy & Safety of Clindamycin and Tretinoin in Acne |
| NCT01206348 | PHASE4 | COMPLETED | Combination Treatment for Moderate to Severe Acne |
| NCT01231334 | PHASE4 | COMPLETED | A Study Comparing Aczone® Plus Differin® Versus Duac® Plus Differin® in Patients With Severe Facial Acne |
| NCT01422785 | PHASE4 | UNKNOWN | A Study Comparing Combination Clindamycin Phosphate/Tretinoin Gel Alone Versus With Benzoyl Peroxide Foaming Cloths for Facial Acne |
| NCT01800825 | PHASE4 | COMPLETED | Clindamycin to Reduce Preterm Birth in a Low Resource Setting |
| NCT01876628 | PHASE4 | COMPLETED | Adjunctive Clindamycin for Cellulitis: C4C Trial. |
| NCT02018094 | PHASE4 | COMPLETED | The Amputation Surgical Site Infection Trial (ASSIT) |
| NCT02058628 | PHASE4 | COMPLETED | Comparison of the Efficacy and Safety of Clindamycin + Benzoyl Peroxide Formulation With Azelaic Acid Formulation in the Treatment of Acne Vulgaris |
| NCT02141217 | PHASE4 | COMPLETED | AUGMENTIN™ in Dental Infections |
| NCT02309346 | PHASE4 | COMPLETED | Clindamycin Once a Day in Septic Abortion |
| NCT03261830 | PHASE4 | COMPLETED | Antibiotics Usage in Pediatric Orthopaedic Percutaneous Surgery (APOPS) |
| NCT03560232 | PHASE4 | TERMINATED | Noninferiority Comparison of Prophylactic Open Fracture Antimicrobial Regimens |
| NCT04502095 | PHASE4 | COMPLETED | Prophylactic Antibiotics for Urinary Tract Infections After Robot-Assisted Radical Cystectomy |
| NCT04516148 | PHASE4 | COMPLETED | A Randomized, Controlled Trial of the Effectiveness of Perioperative Antibiotics for Reduction of Burn Wound Bacterial Concentration Following Grafting |
| NCT04573504 | PHASE4 | UNKNOWN | Antibiotics for Severe Perineal Laceration to Prevent Infection Following Repair |
| NCT06841003 | PHASE3 | NOT_YET_RECRUITING | Laparoscopic Antibiotic Lavage to Prevent Intra-abdominal Abscess Formation in Complicated Appendicitis |
| NCT00000640 | PHASE3 | COMPLETED | A Phase III Comparative Study of Dapsone / Trimethoprim and Clindamycin / Primaquine Versus Sulfamethoxazole / Trimethoprim in the Treatment of Mild-to-Moderate PCP in Patients With AIDS |
Clinical evidence (CIViC)
No CIViC predictive evidence (expected for non-precision-medicine drugs).
Pharmacology
Pharmacogenomics
No PharmGKB pharmacogenomic data curated for this drug.
Related molecules
Related molecules
No competitor molecules sharing a primary target (ChEMBL phase ≥2 or PubChem drug-class).