Dapiprazole
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Also known as DapiprazolDapiprazole Hydrochloride
Summary
Dapiprazole (CHEMBL1201216) is an approved small-molecule α-adrenergic antagonist (ATC S01EX02) targeting ADRA1D; indicated across 1 condition including glaucoma.
At a glance
- Status: Approved (max clinical phase 4)
- Modality: Small molecule
- ATC class: S01EX02
- Targets: 1 (ADRA1D)
- Indications: 1 condition
- Chemistry: 325.5 Da · C19H27N5
Identifiers
Drug identity and classification
| Field | Value |
|---|---|
| ChEMBL ID | CHEMBL1201216 |
| Name | Dapiprazole |
| Type | Small molecule |
| Max phase | 4 |
| FDA approved | yes |
| PubChem CID | 3033538 |
| ChEBI | CHEBI:51066 |
| ATC | S01EX02 |
| Molecular formula | C19H27N5 |
| Molecular weight | 325.5 |
| InChIKey | RFWZESUMWJKKRN-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
SMILES: CC1=CC=CC=C1N2CCN(CC2)CCC3=NN=C4N3CCCC4
IUPAC name: 3-[2-[4-(2-methylphenyl)piperazin-1-yl]ethyl]-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-[1,2,4]triazolo[4,3-a]pyridine
Pharmacological roles (ChEBI): α-adrenergic antagonist, miotic, ophthalmology drug, antipsychotic agent.
Also known as: Dapiprazol, Dapiprazole, DAPIPRAZOLE, dapiprazole, Dapiprazole Hydrochloride
Parent form; salt/anhydrous children: CHEMBL1201044
Patent coverage: 745 distinct patent families (2,667 SureChEMBL compound mentions), from 2 matched compound structure(s). One matched structure accounts for 2,622 (98%) of the total. Mentions count patents naming the compound (not distinct inventions), so promiscuous / reference molecules inflate the mention figure — families are the dedup metric.
Targets
Targets
Primary targets (GtoPdb curated mechanism): the Cancer dependency column is the DepMap CRISPR fitness signal (% of screened cell lines dependent on the target).
| Gene | Target | Action | pAffinity | Cancer dependency | UniProt |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ADRA1D | α1D-adrenoceptor | Antagonist | 8.4 | 0.2% | P25100 |
Broader ChEMBL bioactivity targets: 14 (assay-derived). Sample: 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2B, Alpha-2A adrenergic receptor, Alpha-2B adrenergic receptor, Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M2, 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1A, Alpha-1D adrenergic receptor, 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2A, 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2C, Sodium-dependent serotonin transporter, Alpha-1A adrenergic receptor.
Bioactivity
ChEMBL activities: 20 potent at pChembl ≥ 5 of 22 total. Top 30 by potency (10 = 0.1 nM, 6 = 1 µM):
| Target | pChembl | Type | Value | Unit | Activity ID |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ADRA1D | 8.39 | Ki | 4.09 | nM | CHEMBL_ACT_7680955 |
| ADRA1D | 8.08 | IC50 | 8.31 | nM | CHEMBL_ACT_7680954 |
| P15823 | 7.52 | Ki | 30 | nM | CHEMBL_ACT_7680953 |
| P43140 | 7.41 | Ki | 39 | nM | CHEMBL_ACT_7680951 |
| P15823 | 7.26 | IC50 | 55 | nM | CHEMBL_ACT_7680952 |
| P43140 | 7.02 | IC50 | 95 | nM | CHEMBL_ACT_7680950 |
| HTR2A | 6.76 | Ki | 173 | nM | CHEMBL_ACT_7685195 |
| HTR2C | 6.49 | Ki | 327 | nM | CHEMBL_ACT_7685199 |
| ADRA1A | 6.28 | AC50 | 523.4 | nM | CHEMBL_ACT_25219128 |
| ADRA2B | 6.28 | Ki | 526 | nM | CHEMBL_ACT_7680959 |
| HTR2A | 6.22 | IC50 | 606 | nM | CHEMBL_ACT_7685194 |
| HTR1A | 6.2 | AC50 | 627.5 | nM | CHEMBL_ACT_25165351 |
| HTR2C | 6.2 | IC50 | 625 | nM | CHEMBL_ACT_7685198 |
| HTR2B | 6.17 | Ki | 672 | nM | CHEMBL_ACT_7685197 |
| HTR2B | 5.98 | IC50 | 1056 | nM | CHEMBL_ACT_7685196 |
| ADRA2B | 5.94 | IC50 | 1153 | nM | CHEMBL_ACT_7680958 |
| P19327 | 5.93 | Ki | 1177 | nM | CHEMBL_ACT_7685191 |
| P19327 | 5.69 | IC50 | 2060 | nM | CHEMBL_ACT_7685190 |
| ADRA2A | 5.42 | AC50 | 3767 | nM | CHEMBL_ACT_25156756 |
| CHRM2 | 5.12 | AC50 | 7614 | nM | CHEMBL_ACT_25196063 |
Target pathways
Aggregated over 1 target gene(s): ADRA1D.
Top Reactome pathways
9 total, by targets touching each:
| Pathway | Targets | Genes |
|---|---|---|
| Signal Transduction | 1 | ADRA1D |
| Signaling by GPCR | 1 | ADRA1D |
| Class A/1 (Rhodopsin-like receptors) | 1 | ADRA1D |
| Amine ligand-binding receptors | 1 | ADRA1D |
| GPCR downstream signalling | 1 | ADRA1D |
| Adrenoceptors | 1 | ADRA1D |
| G alpha (q) signalling events | 1 | ADRA1D |
| G alpha (12/13) signalling events | 1 | ADRA1D |
| GPCR ligand binding | 1 | ADRA1D |
Dominant GO biological processes
| GO term | Targets |
|---|---|
| G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway | 1 |
| adenylate cyclase-modulating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway | 1 |
| phospholipase C-activating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway | 1 |
| positive regulation of cytosolic calcium ion concentration | 1 |
| cell-cell signaling | 1 |
| positive regulation of cell population proliferation | 1 |
| positive regulation of MAPK cascade | 1 |
| positive regulation of vasoconstriction | 1 |
| adenylate cyclase-activating adrenergic receptor signaling pathway | 1 |
| neuron-glial cell signaling | 1 |
| signal transduction | 1 |
| adrenergic receptor signaling pathway | 1 |
Indications & clinical
Indications
1 indication (1 at ChEMBL trial phase 4). Phase below is the highest clinical-trial phase recorded for this drug against each disease — not the molecule’s overall approval status (that is in the Summary).
| Indication | Trial phase | MONDO | EFO |
|---|---|---|---|
| glaucoma | 4 | MONDO:0005041 | MONDO:0005041 |
Clinical trials
Total trials: 0.
Clinical evidence (CIViC)
No CIViC predictive evidence (expected for non-precision-medicine drugs).
Pharmacology
Pharmacogenomics
No CPIC/DPWG dosing guideline or drug-level clinical/variant annotations in PharmGKB for this molecule.
Related molecules
Related molecules
Molecules sharing ≥1 of this drug’s curated primary targets, merged from two biobtree sources and ranked by shared-target count, then clinical phase: ChEMBL clinical-stage candidates (development phase ≥2) and PubChem drug-class bioactivity (approved / known drugs acting on the target). Deduplicated by drug name; the drug’s own salt forms are excluded. Note: for a drug with few primary targets a shared-target match can reflect off-target / promiscuous binding rather than the same therapeutic mechanism — the phase ordering surfaces bona-fide therapeutics first.
121 molecules share ≥1 primary target. Top 60 by shared-target count:
| Molecule | Source | Status | Shared targets |
|---|---|---|---|
| DIHYDROERGOTAMINE | ChEMBL + PubChem | Phase 4 (approved) | ADRA1D |
| ALFUZOSIN | ChEMBL | Phase 4 (approved) | ADRA1D |
| AMITRIPTYLINE | ChEMBL | Phase 4 (approved) | ADRA1D |
| AMLODIPINE | ChEMBL | Phase 4 (approved) | ADRA1D |
| AMOXAPINE | ChEMBL | Phase 4 (approved) | ADRA1D |
| APOMORPHINE | ChEMBL | Phase 4 (approved) | ADRA1D |
| APRACLONIDINE | ChEMBL | Phase 4 (approved) | ADRA1D |
| ARIPIPRAZOLE | ChEMBL | Phase 4 (approved) | ADRA1D |
| ASENAPINE | ChEMBL | Phase 4 (approved) | ADRA1D |
| ASTEMIZOLE | ChEMBL | Phase 4 (approved) | ADRA1D |
| ATENOLOL | ChEMBL | Phase 4 (approved) | ADRA1D |
| ATROPINE | ChEMBL | Phase 4 (approved) | ADRA1D |
| AZELASTINE | ChEMBL | Phase 4 (approved) | ADRA1D |
| BENZTROPINE | ChEMBL | Phase 4 (approved) | ADRA1D |
| BREXPIPRAZOLE | ChEMBL | Phase 4 (approved) | ADRA1D |
| BRIMONIDINE | ChEMBL | Phase 4 (approved) | ADRA1D |
| BROMOCRIPTINE | ChEMBL | Phase 4 (approved) | ADRA1D |
| BUSPIRONE | ChEMBL | Phase 4 (approved) | ADRA1D |
| CARIPRAZINE | ChEMBL | Phase 4 (approved) | ADRA1D |
| CARVEDILOL | ChEMBL | Phase 4 (approved) | ADRA1D |
| CHLORPROMAZINE | ChEMBL | Phase 4 (approved) | ADRA1D |
| CINNARIZINE | ChEMBL | Phase 4 (approved) | ADRA1D |
| CISAPRIDE | ChEMBL | Phase 4 (approved) | ADRA1D |
| CITALOPRAM | ChEMBL | Phase 4 (approved) | ADRA1D |
| CLEMASTINE | ChEMBL | Phase 4 (approved) | ADRA1D |
| CLOMIPRAMINE | ChEMBL | Phase 4 (approved) | ADRA1D |
| CLONIDINE | ChEMBL | Phase 4 (approved) | ADRA1D |
| CLOTRIMAZOLE | ChEMBL | Phase 4 (approved) | ADRA1D |
| CLOZAPINE | ChEMBL | Phase 4 (approved) | ADRA1D |
| CYCLIZINE | ChEMBL | Phase 4 (approved) | ADRA1D |
| CYPROHEPTADINE | ChEMBL | Phase 4 (approved) | ADRA1D |
| DEXCHLORPHENIRAMINE | ChEMBL | Phase 4 (approved) | ADRA1D |
| DEXMEDETOMIDINE | ChEMBL | Phase 4 (approved) | ADRA1D |
| DIETHYLSTILBESTROL | ChEMBL | Phase 4 (approved) | ADRA1D |
| DIMENHYDRINATE | ChEMBL | Phase 4 (approved) | ADRA1D |
| DOBUTAMINE | ChEMBL | Phase 4 (approved) | ADRA1D |
| DOMPERIDONE | ChEMBL | Phase 4 (approved) | ADRA1D |
| DOPAMINE | ChEMBL | Phase 4 (approved) | ADRA1D |
| DOXAZOSIN | ChEMBL | Phase 4 (approved) | ADRA1D |
| DOXEPIN | ChEMBL | Phase 4 (approved) | ADRA1D |
| DROPERIDOL | ChEMBL | Phase 4 (approved) | ADRA1D |
| EBASTINE | ChEMBL | Phase 4 (approved) | ADRA1D |
| ECONAZOLE | ChEMBL | Phase 4 (approved) | ADRA1D |
| EPINEPHRINE | ChEMBL | Phase 4 (approved) | ADRA1D |
| ERGOTAMINE | ChEMBL | Phase 4 (approved) | ADRA1D |
| FENOLDOPAM | ChEMBL | Phase 4 (approved) | ADRA1D |
| FLUPHENAZINE | ChEMBL | Phase 4 (approved) | ADRA1D |
| GENTIAN VIOLET | ChEMBL | Phase 4 (approved) | ADRA1D |
| GUANABENZ | ChEMBL | Phase 4 (approved) | ADRA1D |
| GUANFACINE | ChEMBL | Phase 4 (approved) | ADRA1D |
| HALOPERIDOL | ChEMBL | Phase 4 (approved) | ADRA1D |
| HYDROXYCHLOROQUINE | ChEMBL | Phase 4 (approved) | ADRA1D |
| IMIQUIMOD | ChEMBL | Phase 4 (approved) | ADRA1D |
| INDACATEROL | ChEMBL | Phase 4 (approved) | ADRA1D |
| INDORAMIN | ChEMBL | Phase 4 (approved) | ADRA1D |
| ISOPROTERENOL | ChEMBL | Phase 4 (approved) | ADRA1D |
| KETOTIFEN | ChEMBL | Phase 4 (approved) | ADRA1D |
| LABETALOL | ChEMBL | Phase 4 (approved) | ADRA1D |
| MAPROTILINE | ChEMBL | Phase 4 (approved) | ADRA1D |
| MEPAZINE | ChEMBL | Phase 4 (approved) | ADRA1D |
Related Atlas pages
- Genes: ADRA1D
- Diseases: glaucoma
- Drugs: Dihydroergotamine, Alfuzosin, Amitriptyline, Amlodipine, Amoxapine, Apomorphine, Apraclonidine, Aripiprazole, Asenapine, Astemizole, Atenolol, Atropine, Azelastine, Benztropine, Brexpiprazole, Brimonidine, Bromocriptine, Buspirone, Cariprazine, Carvedilol, Chlorpromazine, Cinnarizine, Cisapride, Citalopram, Clemastine, Clomipramine, Clonidine, Clotrimazole, Clozapine, Cyclizine, Cyproheptadine, Dexchlorpheniramine, Dexmedetomidine, Diethylstilbestrol, Dimenhydrinate, Dobutamine, Domperidone, Dopamine, Doxazosin, Doxepin, Droperidol, Ebastine, Econazole, Epinephrine, Ergotamine, Fenoldopam, Fluphenazine, Guanabenz, Guanfacine, Haloperidol, Hydroxychloroquine, Imiquimod, Indacaterol, Indoramin, Isoproterenol, Ketotifen, Labetalol, Maprotiline, Mepazine