Doxycycline Anhydrous

Summary

Doxycycline Anhydrous (CHEMBL1433) is an approved small-molecule antibacterial drug targeting MMP7 and MMP8.

At a glance

• Status: Approved (max clinical phase 4)
• Modality: Small molecule
• Targets: 2 (MMP7, MMP8)
• Clinical trials: 251
• Chemistry: 444.4 Da · C22H24N2O8

Identifiers

Drug identity and classification

Field	Value
ChEMBL ID	CHEMBL1433
Name	Doxycycline Anhydrous
Type	Small molecule
Max phase	4
FDA approved	no
PubChem CID	54671203
ChEBI	CHEBI:50845
Molecular formula	C22H24N2O8
Molecular weight	444.4
InChIKey	SGKRLCUYIXIAHR-AKNGSSGZSA-N

SMILES: C[C@@H]1[C@H]2[C@@H]([C@H]3[C@@H](C(=O)C(=C([C@]3(C(=O)C2=C(C4=C1C=CC=C4O)O)O)O)C(=O)N)N(C)C)O

IUPAC name: (4S,4aR,5S,5aR,6R,12aR)-4-(dimethylamino)-1,5,10,11,12a-pentahydroxy-6-methyl-3,12-dioxo-4a,5,5a,6-tetrahydro-4H-tetracene-2-carboxamide

ChEBI definition: Tetracycline in which the 5β-hydrogen is replaced by a hydroxy group, while the 6α-hydroxy group is replaced by hydrogen. A semi-synthetic tetracycline antibiotic, it is used to inhibit bacterial protein synthesis and treat non-gonococcal urethritis and cervicitis, exacerbations of bronchitis in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and adult periodontitis.

Pharmacological roles (ChEBI): antibacterial drug, antimalarial, geroprotector, anti-inflammatory agent, immunomodulator.

Also known as: Anhydrous doxycycline, Doxycycline (anhydrous), Doxycycline

Parent form; salt/anhydrous children: CHEMBL1200567, CHEMBL1200699, CHEMBL1256723, CHEMBL2106418, CHEMBL2364574, CHEMBL3989740

Patent coverage: 2,378 distinct patent families (4,913 SureChEMBL compound mentions), from 1 matched compound structure(s). Mentions count patents naming the compound (not distinct inventions), so promiscuous / reference molecules inflate the mention figure — families are the dedup metric.

Targets

Targets

Primary targets (GtoPdb curated mechanism): the Cancer dependency column is the DepMap CRISPR fitness signal (% of screened cell lines dependent on the target).

Gene	Target	Action	pAffinity	Cancer dependency	UniProt
MMP7	MMP7	Inhibition	4.14	0.1%	P09237
MMP8	MMP8	Inhibition	4.6	0.4%	P22894

Bioactivity

No ChEMBL bioactivity rows at pChembl ≥ 5 (expected for biologics / antibodies).

Target pathways

Aggregated over 2 target gene(s): MMP7, MMP8.

Top Reactome pathways

13 total, by targets touching each:

Pathway	Targets	Genes
Collagen degradation	2	MMP7, MMP8
Degradation of the extracellular matrix	2	MMP7, MMP8
Extracellular matrix organization	2	MMP7, MMP8
Activation of Matrix Metalloproteinases	2	MMP7, MMP8
Collagen formation	1	MMP7
Signal Transduction	1	MMP7
Innate Immune System	1	MMP8
Immune System	1	MMP8
Assembly of collagen fibrils and other multimeric structures	1	MMP7
Neutrophil degranulation	1	MMP8
ESR-mediated signaling	1	MMP7
Signaling by Nuclear Receptors	1	MMP7
Extra-nuclear estrogen signaling	1	MMP7

Dominant GO biological processes

GO term	Targets
proteolysis	2
extracellular matrix disassembly	2
extracellular matrix organization	2
collagen catabolic process	2
antibacterial peptide secretion	1
antibacterial peptide biosynthetic process	1
membrane protein ectodomain proteolysis	1
response to xenobiotic stimulus	1
positive regulation of cell migration	1
membrane protein intracellular domain proteolysis	1
regulation of cell population proliferation	1
defense response to Gram-negative bacterium	1
defense response to Gram-positive bacterium	1
defense response to bacterium	1
positive regulation of tumor necrosis factor production	1

Indications & clinical

Indications

0 indications (0 at ChEMBL trial phase 4).

Clinical trials

Total trials: 251.

Phase distribution

Phase	Trials
PHASE4	68
PHASE2	58
Not specified	56
PHASE3	37
PHASE1	10
PHASE2/PHASE3	9
PHASE1/PHASE2	8
EARLY_PHASE1	5

Top trials by phase / activity

NCT	Phase	Status	Title
NCT03083197	PHASE4	ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING	Scrub Typhus Antibiotic Resistance Trial
NCT04297592	PHASE4	ENROLLING_BY_INVITATION	Antibiotic Prophylaxis in High-Risk Arthroplasty Patients
NCT05061732	PHASE4	RECRUITING	Helicobacter Pylori Eradication and Follow-up
NCT05874570	PHASE4	RECRUITING	Doxycycline for Helicobacter Pylori Rescue Treatment
NCT06422221	PHASE4	NOT_YET_RECRUITING	An Oral Doxycycline Regimen to Prevent Bacteremia Following Dental Procedures
NCT07164131	PHASE4	RECRUITING	Azithromycin Versus Doxycycline in Hospitalized Adult Patients With Community Acquired Pneumonia Treated With Beta-lactams
NCT07230028	PHASE4	NOT_YET_RECRUITING	Doxycycline Boosted Therapy in Lyme Borreliosis: DoBo Study.
NCT07306234	PHASE4	NOT_YET_RECRUITING	Doxycycline vs. Macrolide for MRMP (DOMINO)
NCT07397403	PHASE4	RECRUITING	The Efficacy of Doxycycline Post Exposure Prophylaxis for Preventing STIs Among MSM in Bangkok, Thailand.
NCT07544251	PHASE4	RECRUITING	Comparing Sarecycline and Doxycycline Effects on the Skin and Gut Bacteria in Acne.
NCT00064766	PHASE4	UNKNOWN	Norplant and Irregular Bleeding/Spotting
NCT00170222	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Placebo Versus Antibiotics in Acute Exacerbations of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)
NCT00177333	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Serum Levels of Doxycycline at the Time of Abortion With Two Dosing Regimens
NCT00376493	PHASE4	TERMINATED	Prolonged Treatment for Infected Abortion After Hospital Discharge.
NCT00495313	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Safety and Efficacy Study to Compare Two Rosacea Treatment Regimens
NCT00547170	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Doxycycline Prophylaxis at Vacuum Aspiration Trial
NCT00803452	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Lipids of the Human Tear Film and Their Effect on Tear Stability
NCT00837213	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Comparative Efficacy and Safety of Benzoyl Peroxide Used in Combination With Clindamycin vs. Benzoyl Peroxide Used in Combination With Clindamycin and Doxycycline in the Treatment of Moderate Acne
NCT00855595	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Efficacy of Topical Azelaic Acid 15% Gel Plus Anti-inflammatory Dose Doxycycline or Metronidazole Gel 1% Plus Anti-inflammatory Dose Doxycycline in Moderate Papulopustular Rosacea
NCT00857038	PHASE4	UNKNOWN	Doxycycline and Airway Inflammation in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)
NCT00883818	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Microorganism in Overactive Bladder Patients
NCT00952861	PHASE4	WITHDRAWN	Antibiotics in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)
NCT00989742	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Doxycycline In Lymphangioleiomyomatosis (LAM)
NCT01014260	PHASE4	WITHDRAWN	Doxycycline Outcomes in Lupus Erythematosus
NCT01030666	PHASE4	TERMINATED	Effect of Postsurgical Systemic Doxycycline After Regenerative Periodontal Therapy
NCT01207739	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Persistent Lyme Empiric Antibiotic Study Europe
NCT01308619	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Evaluation of Rosacea-related Inflammatory Biochemical Markers in Adult Skin When Treated With Oracea® vs Placebo
NCT01318356	PHASE4	COMPLETED	The Qure Study: Q-fever Fatigue Syndrome - Response to Treatment
NCT01323101	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Doxycycline Effects on Inflammation in Cystic Fibrosis
NCT01368341	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Comparing 3 Antibiotic Regimes for Erythema Migrans in General Practice
NCT01375491	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Examination of the Anti-inflammatory and Insulin Sensitizing Properties of Doxycycline in Humans
NCT01426269	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Evaluation of Relapse, Efficacy and Safety of Long-term Treatment With Oracea® vs Placebo
NCT01518192	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Comparison of Doxycycline and Cefuroxime Axetil for Treatment of Erythema Migrans: Clinical and Microbiological Outcome
NCT01635530	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Study of Lyme Neuroborreliosis
NCT01661985	PHASE4	UNKNOWN	Time to Eradication of Mycoplasma Genitalium and Chlamydia Trachomatis After Treatment Commenced
NCT01798225	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Relationship of Periodontal Disease Treatment and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in the Gullah Population
NCT01825408	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Duration of Antibiotic Therapy as Part of Maximal Medical Therapy for Chronic Rhinosinusitis
NCT01879930	PHASE4	TERMINATED	Chronic Bladder Pain Syndrome in Women: Can Doxycycline Help? A Prospective Study
NCT01885910	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Aczone 5% Gel as Maintenance Treatment of Acne Vulgaris Following Completion of Oral Doxycycline and Aczone 5% Gel
NCT02005653	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Alternate Chemotherapy Regimens for the Clearance of W.Bancrofti Infection

Clinical evidence (CIViC)

No CIViC predictive evidence (expected for non-precision-medicine drugs).

Pharmacology

Pharmacogenomics

No PharmGKB pharmacogenomic data curated for this drug.

Related molecules

Related molecules

Molecules sharing ≥1 of this drug’s curated primary targets, merged from two biobtree sources and ranked by shared-target count, then clinical phase: ChEMBL clinical-stage candidates (development phase ≥2) and PubChem drug-class bioactivity (approved / known drugs acting on the target). Deduplicated by drug name; the drug’s own salt forms are excluded. Note: for a drug with few primary targets a shared-target match can reflect off-target / promiscuous binding rather than the same therapeutic mechanism — the phase ordering surfaces bona-fide therapeutics first.

14 molecules share ≥1 primary target. Top 14 by shared-target count:

Molecule	Source	Status	Shared targets
MARIMASTAT	ChEMBL	Phase 3	MMP7, MMP8
PRINOMASTAT	ChEMBL	Phase 3	MMP7, MMP8
BATIMASTAT	ChEMBL	Phase 2	MMP7, MMP8
CIPEMASTAT	ChEMBL	Phase 2	MMP7, MMP8
CTS-1027	ChEMBL	Phase 2	MMP7, MMP8
ILOMASTAT	ChEMBL	Phase 2	MMP7, MMP8
TILUDRONIC ACID	ChEMBL	Phase 4 (approved)	MMP8
ZOLEDRONIC ACID	ChEMBL	Phase 4 (approved)	MMP8
EPIGALOCATECHIN GALLATE	ChEMBL	Phase 3	MMP7
LUTEOLIN	ChEMBL	Phase 2	MMP7
REBIMASTAT	ChEMBL	Phase 2	MMP7
SOLIMASTAT	ChEMBL	Phase 2	MMP7
Bortezomib	PubChem	Approved	MMP7
Gallic Acid	PubChem	Approved	MMP7