Erythromycin
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Also known as A/t/sAkne-mycinAknemycin plusC-solve-2E-baseE-gladesE-mycinE-solve 2EmgelEritromicinaEry-tabEryacne 2Eryacne 4ErycEryc 125Eryc sprinklesErycetteErydermErygelErymax
Summary
Erythromycin (CHEMBL532) is an approved small molecule (ATC S01AA17) targeting MLNR; indicated across 23 conditions including acne and bacterial infectious disease.
At a glance
- Status: Approved (max clinical phase 4)
- Modality: Small molecule
- ATC class: S01AA17 (+3 more)
- Targets: 1 (MLNR)
- Indications: 23 conditions
- Clinical trials: 66
- Chemistry: 733.9 Da · C37H67NO13
Identifiers
Drug identity and classification
| Field | Value |
|---|---|
| ChEMBL ID | CHEMBL532 |
| Name | Erythromycin |
| Type | Small molecule |
| Max phase | 4 |
| FDA approved | yes |
| PubChem CID | 12560 |
| ChEBI | CHEBI:42355 |
| ATC | S01AA17, J01FA01, D10AF02, D10AF52 |
| Molecular formula | C37H67NO13 |
| Molecular weight | 733.9 |
| InChIKey | ULGZDMOVFRHVEP-RWJQBGPGSA-N |
SMILES: CC[C@@H]1[C@@]([C@@H]([C@H](C(=O)[C@@H](C[C@@]([C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](C(=O)O1)C)O[C@H]2C[C@@]([C@H]([C@@H](O2)C)O)(C)OC)C)O[C@H]3[C@@H]([C@H](C[C@H](O3)C)N(C)C)O)(C)O)C)C)O)(C)O
IUPAC name: (3R,4S,5S,6R,7R,9R,11R,12R,13S,14R)-6-[(2S,3R,4S,6R)-4-(dimethylamino)-3-hydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxy-14-ethyl-7,12,13-trihydroxy-4-[(2R,4R,5S,6S)-5-hydroxy-4-methoxy-4,6-dimethyloxan-2-yl]oxy-3,5,7,9,11,13-hexamethyl-oxacyclotetradecane-2,10-dione
ChEBI definition: An erythromycin that consists of erythronolide A having 2,6-dideoxy-3-C-methyl-3-O-methyl-α-L-ribo-hexopyranosyl and 3,4,6-trideoxy-3-(dimethylamino)-β-D-xylo-hexopyranosyl residues attahced at positions 4 and 6 respectively.
Also known as: A/t/s, Akne-mycin, Aknemycin plus, C-solve-2, E-base, E-glades, E-mycin, E-solve 2, Emgel, Eritromicina, Ery-tab, Eryacne 2
Parent form; salt/anhydrous children: CHEMBL1200476, CHEMBL1200506, CHEMBL1200510, CHEMBL3545060, CHEMBL3786307
Patent coverage: 45,181 distinct patent families (141,173 SureChEMBL compound mentions), from 1 matched compound structure(s). Mentions count patents naming the compound (not distinct inventions), so promiscuous / reference molecules inflate the mention figure — families are the dedup metric.
Targets
Targets
Primary targets (GtoPdb curated mechanism): the Cancer dependency column is the DepMap CRISPR fitness signal (% of screened cell lines dependent on the target).
| Gene | Target | Action | pAffinity | Cancer dependency | UniProt |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| MLNR | motilin receptor | Full agonist | 6.5 | 0.1% | O43193 |
Broader ChEMBL bioactivity targets: 13 (assay-derived). Sample: Beta-lactamase, Cannabinoid receptor 1, Motilin receptor, 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2A, Bacterial 70S ribosome, Voltage-gated inwardly rectifying potassium channel KCNH2, ATP-dependent translocase ABCB1, Albumin, Aldehyde oxidase, Cytochrome P450 3A4.
Bioactivity
ChEMBL activities: 23 potent at pChembl ≥ 5 of 34 total. Top 30 by potency (10 = 0.1 nM, 6 = 1 µM):
| Target | pChembl | Type | Value | Unit | Activity ID |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| P02358 | 7.96 | Kd | 11 | nM | CHEMBL_ACT_2663799 |
| P02358 | 7.82 | Kd | 15 | nM | CHEMBL_ACT_5305336 |
| P02358 | 7.54 | Kd | 29 | nM | CHEMBL_ACT_2663798 |
| KCNH2 | 7.41 | IC50 | 39 | nM | CHEMBL_ACT_2935360 |
| MLNR | 7.36 | IC50 | 43.65 | nM | CHEMBL_ACT_842289 |
| MLNR | 7.3 | EC50 | 50.12 | nM | CHEMBL_ACT_2387389 |
| MLNR | 7.3 | EC50 | 50.12 | nM | CHEMBL_ACT_2589630 |
| MLNR | 7.15 | IC50 | 70.79 | nM | CHEMBL_ACT_842290 |
| P02358 | 6.77 | IC50 | 170 | nM | CHEMBL_ACT_2663803 |
| CYP3A4 | 6.72 | IC50 | 190 | nM | CHEMBL_ACT_2387400 |
| MLNR | 6.4 | EC50 | 400 | nM | CHEMBL_ACT_1015266 |
| MLNR | 6.2 | EC50 | 631 | nM | CHEMBL_ACT_2589560 |
| P02358 | 6.12 | IC50 | 750 | nM | CHEMBL_ACT_14611102 |
| P02358 | 6.12 | IC50 | 760 | nM | CHEMBL_ACT_2663804 |
| MLNR | 6 | EC50 | 1000 | nM | CHEMBL_ACT_3525542 |
| MLNR | 6 | EC50 | 1000 | nM | CHEMBL_ACT_6203765 |
| CYP3A4 | 5.72 | IC50 | 1900 | nM | CHEMBL_ACT_2387398 |
| P02358 | 5.72 | IC50 | 1900 | nM | CHEMBL_ACT_2663800 |
| P00811 | 5.7 | Potency | 1995 | nM | CHEMBL_ACT_4689170 |
| P02358 | 5.66 | IC50 | 2200 | nM | CHEMBL_ACT_2663802 |
| HTR2A | 5.5 | AC50 | 3176 | nM | CHEMBL_ACT_25173577 |
| Q63921 | 5.42 | AC50 | 3800 | nM | CHEMBL_ACT_25174291 |
| CNR1 | 5.12 | AC50 | 7541 | nM | CHEMBL_ACT_25181567 |
Target pathways
Aggregated over 1 target gene(s): MLNR.
Top Reactome pathways
7 total, by targets touching each:
| Pathway | Targets | Genes |
|---|---|---|
| Signal Transduction | 1 | MLNR |
| Signaling by GPCR | 1 | MLNR |
| Class A/1 (Rhodopsin-like receptors) | 1 | MLNR |
| Peptide ligand-binding receptors | 1 | MLNR |
| GPCR downstream signalling | 1 | MLNR |
| G alpha (q) signalling events | 1 | MLNR |
| GPCR ligand binding | 1 | MLNR |
Dominant GO biological processes
| GO term | Targets |
|---|---|
| G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway | 1 |
| signal transduction | 1 |
Indications & clinical
Indications
23 indications (5 at ChEMBL trial phase 4). Phase below is the highest clinical-trial phase recorded for this drug against each disease — not the molecule’s overall approval status (that is in the Summary).
| Indication | Trial phase | MONDO | EFO |
|---|---|---|---|
| acne | 4 | MONDO:0011438 | EFO:0003894 |
| bacterial infectious disease | 4 | MONDO:0005113 | EFO:0000771 |
| eye infectious disorder | 4 | MONDO:0043885 | EFO:1001888 |
| pertussis | 4 | MONDO:0005077 | EFO:0000650 |
| HIV infectious disease | 3 | MONDO:0005109 | EFO:0000764 |
| non-small cell lung carcinoma | 3 | MONDO:0005233 | EFO:0003060 |
| pneumonia | 3 | MONDO:0005249 | EFO:0003106 |
| chlamydia trachomatis infectious disease | 3 | MONDO:0005701 | EFO:0007205 |
| epidermolysis bullosa | 3 | MONDO:0006541 | EFO:1000690 |
| colorectal adenocarcinoma | 2 | MONDO:0005008 | EFO:0000365 |
| gastroparesis | 2 | MONDO:0006769 | EFO:1000948 |
| chronic obstructive pulmonary disease | 2 | MONDO:0005002 | EFO:0000341 |
| bulimia nervosa | 2 | MONDO:0005452 | EFO:0005204 |
| gastric neoplasm | 2 | MONDO:0021085 | MONDO:0001056 |
| eating disorder | 2 | MONDO:0005451 | EFO:0005203 |
| hepatitis C virus infection | 1 | MONDO:0005231 | EFO:0003047 |
| B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia | 1 | MONDO:0004948 | EFO:0000095 |
| erectile dysfunction | 1 | MONDO:0005362 | EFO:0004234 |
| kidney failure | 1 | MONDO:0001106 | HP:0000083 |
| osteomyelitis | 0 | MONDO:0005246 | EFO:0003102 |
3 further indication records had no mapped disease name (EFO/MeSH-only) or were duplicates, and are omitted.
Clinical trials
Total trials: 66.
Phase distribution
| Phase | Trials |
|---|---|
| Not specified | 19 |
| PHASE1 | 15 |
| PHASE4 | 11 |
| PHASE3 | 10 |
| PHASE2 | 8 |
| PHASE2/PHASE3 | 2 |
| PHASE1/PHASE2 | 1 |
Top trials by phase / activity
| NCT | Phase | Status | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| NCT03024879 | PHASE4 | ENROLLING_BY_INVITATION | The Effect of Motilin on the Frequency and Amount of Food Intake |
| NCT03883269 | PHASE4 | RECRUITING | Anti-inflammatory Effects of Topical Erythromycin and Clindamycin in Acne Patients |
| NCT06396078 | PHASE4 | RECRUITING | Improvement of PPROM Management With Prophylactic Antimicrobial Therapy (iPROMPT) |
| NCT00318201 | PHASE4 | COMPLETED | The Effect of Concomitant Administration of Erythromycin and Diltiazem on CYP3A Activity in Healthy Volunteers |
| NCT00367419 | PHASE4 | COMPLETED | Use of Erythromycin in Mustard-Induced Bronchiolitis |
| NCT00368342 | PHASE4 | COMPLETED | Chronic Bronchiolitis or Resistant Asthma? |
| NCT00999232 | PHASE4 | COMPLETED | Assess the Effect of Erythromycin on the Rate of Success in Placement of a Self-propelled Feeding Tube |
| NCT01478256 | PHASE4 | COMPLETED | Comparative Study in the Efficacy of Topical Besifloxocin With Erythromycin for the Management of Acute Blepharitis |
| NCT02175914 | PHASE4 | UNKNOWN | Erythromycin Treatment for Readthrough of APC Gene Stop Codon Mutations in Familial Adenomatous Polyposis |
| NCT02212821 | PHASE4 | COMPLETED | Brain Mechanisms Underlying the Effect of the Motilin Receptor Agonist Erythromycin on Hunger in Normal Weight Subjects |
| NCT02354560 | PHASE4 | UNKNOWN | Erythromycin Treatment for Readthrough of APC Gene Stop Codon Mutation in Familial Adenomatous Polyposis-minors’ Adjusted Version |
| NCT06273891 | PHASE3 | RECRUITING | Erythromycin Versus Azithromycin for Preterm Prelabor Rupture of Membranes |
| NCT00000120 | PHASE3 | COMPLETED | Clinical Trial of Eye Prophylaxis in the Newborn |
| NCT00021671 | PHASE3 | COMPLETED | Antibiotics to Reduce Chorioamnionitis-Related Perinatal HIV Transmission |
| NCT00147667 | PHASE2/PHASE3 | UNKNOWN | Effects of Long Term Macrolide Antibiotic Therapy in Patients With COPD |
| NCT00259220 | PHASE3 | COMPLETED | HDUPE 2004: Gastro-Oesophageal Haemorrhage in Emergency : Gastric Préparation to Endoscopy |
| NCT00718315 | PHASE3 | COMPLETED | A Study of Verutex (Fusidic Acid), Eritex (Erythromycin) and Fisiogel in the Management of Tarceva-Associated Rash. |
| NCT01340235 | PHASE3 | UNKNOWN | Treatment of Dowling Maera Type of Epidermolysis Bullosa Simplex by Oral Erythromycin |
| NCT01379183 | PHASE2/PHASE3 | COMPLETED | Using Magnetic Resonance (MR) to Understand the Effect of Erythromycin on Bowel Motility |
| NCT01401179 | PHASE3 | COMPLETED | Antibiotics Study in Preterm Premature Rupture of the Membranes |
| NCT01556334 | PHASE3 | WITHDRAWN | Erythromycin Versus Azithromycin in Preterm Premature Rupture of Membranes |
| NCT01716572 | PHASE3 | UNKNOWN | Erythromycin Versus Gastric Lavage to Improve Quality of Endoscopy in Patients With Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding |
| NCT03060473 | PHASE3 | TERMINATED | Treatment of ppROM With Erythromycin vs. Azithromycin Trial |
| NCT06858618 | PHASE2 | ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING | FCN-338 in Combination With Azacitidine or Chemotherapy in Myeloid Neoplasms |
| NCT00304187 | PHASE2 | COMPLETED | Effectiveness of Antibiotic Treatment for Reducing Binge Eating and Improving Digestive Function in Bulimia Nervosa |
| NCT00467831 | PHASE1/PHASE2 | TERMINATED | Pilot Study of a Multi-Drug Regimen for Severe Pulmonary Fibrosis in Hermansky-Pudlak Syndrome |
| NCT00827216 | PHASE2 | COMPLETED | The Effect of Intravenous Erythromycin on Gastric Emptying in Non-fasted Patients Before Emergency Total Anesthesia |
| NCT01117376 | PHASE2 | TERMINATED | Methylnaltrexone vs Erythromycin for Facilitating Gastric Emptying Time in Critically Ill Patients |
| NCT01323582 | PHASE2 | TERMINATED | Comparison of Two Macrolides, Azithromycin and Erythromycin, for Symptomatic Treatment of Gastroparesis |
| NCT01659619 | PHASE2 | COMPLETED | Effect of Erythromycin Before Endoscopy of Patients With Subtotal Gastrectomy (STG), High Risk of Gastric Stasis |
| NCT01668498 | PHASE2 | COMPLETED | Comparison of Two Preemptive Treatment Strategies of Panitumumab Mediated Skin Toxicity and Assessment of QoL in Patient With Ras-wt Colorectal Cancer |
| NCT01946256 | PHASE2 | COMPLETED | Treatment of Antenatal Chlamydia Infection |
| NCT00002194 | PHASE1 | COMPLETED | An Open-Label Study in HIV+ Patients to Determine the Effects of Nevirapine (Viramune) on the Pharmacokinetics of Clarithromycin and Activity of Cytochrome 3A4. |
| NCT00770042 | PHASE1 | COMPLETED | To Evaluate The Effect Of Ketoconazole, Ritonavir and Erythromycin on the Safety and Pharmacokinetics of Avanafil |
| NCT01323257 | PHASE1 | COMPLETED | TMC435-TiDP16-C115 - A Study in Healthy Volunteers Investigating the Pharmacokinetic Interaction Between TMC435 and Erythromycin and Between TMC435 and Darunavir/Ritonavir (DRV/r) |
| NCT01338441 | PHASE1 | COMPLETED | Selections of Subjects With Important Changes in Their Cardiac Repolarization Parameters for the Procurement of Skin and Blood Samples |
| NCT01342198 | PHASE1 | COMPLETED | An Investigation of the Effects of Erythromycin on the Pharmacokinetics of the Pregabalin Controlled Release Tablet |
| NCT01589614 | PHASE1 | COMPLETED | A Study To Investigate The Effect Of Erythromycin On The Pharmacokinetics Of PH-797804 |
| NCT02251132 | PHASE1 | COMPLETED | Pharmacokinetics of Tipranavir Soft Elastic Capsules (SEDDS) and Ritonavir and Their Effects on Cytochrome P-450 (3A4) in Healthy Volunteers |
| NCT02381080 | PHASE1 | COMPLETED | Interaction Study of Ibrutinib and Cytochrome P450 (CYP) 3A Inhibitors in Participants With B-cell Malignancy |
Clinical evidence (CIViC)
No CIViC predictive evidence (expected for non-precision-medicine drugs).
Pharmacology
Pharmacogenomics
No CPIC/DPWG dosing guideline, but PharmGKB curates 2 clinical and 9 variant annotation(s) for this drug (gene-keyed; see PharmGKB).
Related molecules
Related molecules
Molecules sharing ≥1 of this drug’s curated primary targets, merged from two biobtree sources and ranked by shared-target count, then clinical phase: ChEMBL clinical-stage candidates (development phase ≥2) and PubChem drug-class bioactivity (approved / known drugs acting on the target). Deduplicated by drug name; the drug’s own salt forms are excluded. Note: for a drug with few primary targets a shared-target match can reflect off-target / promiscuous binding rather than the same therapeutic mechanism — the phase ordering surfaces bona-fide therapeutics first.
321 molecules share ≥1 primary target. Top 60 by shared-target count:
| Molecule | Source | Status | Shared targets |
|---|---|---|---|
| AMIODARONE | ChEMBL + PubChem | Phase 4 (approved) | MLNR |
| ATAZANAVIR | ChEMBL + PubChem | Phase 4 (approved) | MLNR |
| CANDESARTAN CILEXETIL | ChEMBL + PubChem | Phase 4 (approved) | MLNR |
| CARVEDILOL | ChEMBL + PubChem | Phase 4 (approved) | MLNR |
| CINACALCET | ChEMBL + PubChem | Phase 4 (approved) | MLNR |
| CLEMASTINE | ChEMBL + PubChem | Phase 4 (approved) | MLNR |
| CLOBETASOL PROPIONATE | ChEMBL + PubChem | Phase 4 (approved) | MLNR |
| CRIZOTINIB | ChEMBL + PubChem | Phase 4 (approved) | MLNR |
| FEDRATINIB | ChEMBL + PubChem | Phase 4 (approved) | MLNR |
| HYDROXYPROGESTERONE CAPROATE | ChEMBL + PubChem | Phase 4 (approved) | MLNR |
| PIMOZIDE | ChEMBL + PubChem | Phase 4 (approved) | MLNR |
| PONATINIB | ChEMBL + PubChem | Phase 4 (approved) | MLNR |
| SORAFENIB | ChEMBL + PubChem | Phase 4 (approved) | MLNR |
| TEGASEROD | ChEMBL + PubChem | Phase 4 (approved) | MLNR |
| TELOTRISTAT ETHYL | ChEMBL + PubChem | Phase 4 (approved) | MLNR |
| ACETOPHENAZINE | ChEMBL | Phase 4 (approved) | MLNR |
| AMPRENAVIR | ChEMBL | Phase 4 (approved) | MLNR |
| ARIPIPRAZOLE | ChEMBL | Phase 4 (approved) | MLNR |
| ASTEMIZOLE | ChEMBL | Phase 4 (approved) | MLNR |
| BAZEDOXIFENE | ChEMBL | Phase 4 (approved) | MLNR |
| BENPERIDOL | ChEMBL | Phase 4 (approved) | MLNR |
| BEPRIDIL | ChEMBL | Phase 4 (approved) | MLNR |
| CANNABIDIOL | ChEMBL | Phase 4 (approved) | MLNR |
| CHLORHEXIDINE | ChEMBL | Phase 4 (approved) | MLNR |
| CHLORPROTHIXENE | ChEMBL | Phase 4 (approved) | MLNR |
| CISAPRIDE | ChEMBL | Phase 4 (approved) | MLNR |
| DULOXETINE | ChEMBL | Phase 4 (approved) | MLNR |
| EBASTINE | ChEMBL | Phase 4 (approved) | MLNR |
| FENTICONAZOLE | ChEMBL | Phase 4 (approved) | MLNR |
| FLUSPIRILENE | ChEMBL | Phase 4 (approved) | MLNR |
| FLUTRIMAZOLE | ChEMBL | Phase 4 (approved) | MLNR |
| GLAFENINE | ChEMBL | Phase 4 (approved) | MLNR |
| INDOCYANINE GREEN ACID FORM | ChEMBL | Phase 4 (approved) | MLNR |
| ISRADIPINE | ChEMBL | Phase 4 (approved) | MLNR |
| LASOFOXIFENE | ChEMBL | Phase 4 (approved) | MLNR |
| NAFARELIN | ChEMBL | Phase 4 (approved) | MLNR |
| NEBIVOLOL | ChEMBL | Phase 4 (approved) | MLNR |
| NIMESULIDE | ChEMBL | Phase 4 (approved) | MLNR |
| NITAZOXANIDE | ChEMBL | Phase 4 (approved) | MLNR |
| NOSCAPINE | ChEMBL | Phase 4 (approved) | MLNR |
| OSIMERTINIB | ChEMBL | Phase 4 (approved) | MLNR |
| PERHEXILINE | ChEMBL | Phase 4 (approved) | MLNR |
| PROPIVERINE | ChEMBL | Phase 4 (approved) | MLNR |
| PYRVINIUM | ChEMBL | Phase 4 (approved) | MLNR |
| REBOXETINE | ChEMBL | Phase 4 (approved) | MLNR |
| RIFAXIMIN | ChEMBL | Phase 4 (approved) | MLNR |
| RIMONABANT | ChEMBL | Phase 4 (approved) | MLNR |
| RITONAVIR | ChEMBL | Phase 4 (approved) | MLNR |
| SERTINDOLE | ChEMBL | Phase 4 (approved) | MLNR |
| SERTRALINE | ChEMBL | Phase 4 (approved) | MLNR |
| SUNITINIB | ChEMBL | Phase 4 (approved) | MLNR |
| TACROLIMUS | ChEMBL | Phase 4 (approved) | MLNR |
| TIPRANAVIR | ChEMBL | Phase 4 (approved) | MLNR |
| TRIFLUOPERAZINE | ChEMBL | Phase 4 (approved) | MLNR |
| VILANTEROL | ChEMBL | Phase 4 (approved) | MLNR |
| VINDESINE | ChEMBL | Phase 4 (approved) | MLNR |
| AZELNIDIPINE | ChEMBL | Phase 3 | MLNR |
| BENIDIPINE | ChEMBL | Phase 3 | MLNR |
| CAMICINAL | ChEMBL | Phase 3 | MLNR |
| CILNIDIPINE | ChEMBL | Phase 3 | MLNR |
Related Atlas pages
- Genes: MLNR
- Diseases: acne, bacterial infectious disease, eye infectious disorder, pertussis, HIV infectious disease, non-small cell lung carcinoma, pneumonia, chlamydia trachomatis infectious disease, epidermolysis bullosa
- Drugs: Amiodarone, Atazanavir, Candesartan Cilexetil, Carvedilol, Cinacalcet, Clemastine, Clobetasol Propionate, Crizotinib, Fedratinib, Hydroxyprogesterone Caproate, Pimozide, Ponatinib, Sorafenib, Tegaserod, Telotristat Ethyl, Acetophenazine, Amprenavir, Aripiprazole, Astemizole, Bazedoxifene, Benperidol, Bepridil, Cannabidiol, Chlorhexidine, Chlorprothixene, Cisapride, Duloxetine, Ebastine, Fenticonazole, Fluspirilene, Flutrimazole, Glafenine, Indocyanine Green Acid Form, Isradipine, Lasofoxifene, Nafarelin, Nebivolol, Nimesulide, Nitazoxanide, Noscapine, Osimertinib, Perhexiline, Propiverine, Pyrvinium, Reboxetine, Rifaximin, Rimonabant, Ritonavir, Sertindole, Sertraline, Sunitinib, Tacrolimus, Tipranavir, Trifluoperazine, Vilanterol, Vindesine, Azelnidipine, Benidipine, Camicinal, Cilnidipine