Ethambutol
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Also known as EtambutolSS-EthambutolC0088618ETHAMBUTOL HYDROCHLORIDE
Summary
Ethambutol (CHEMBL44884) is an approved small-molecule antitubercular agent (ATC J04AK02); indicated across 9 conditions including tuberculosis and pulmonary tuberculosis.
At a glance
- Status: Approved (max clinical phase 4)
- Modality: Small molecule
- ATC class: J04AK02
- Indications: 9 conditions
- Clinical trials: 69
- Chemistry: 204.31 Da · C10H24N2O2
Identifiers
Drug identity and classification
| Field | Value |
|---|---|
| ChEMBL ID | CHEMBL44884 |
| Name | Ethambutol |
| Type | Small molecule |
| Max phase | 4 |
| FDA approved | yes |
| PubChem CID | 14052 |
| ChEBI | CHEBI:4877 |
| ATC | J04AK02 |
| Molecular formula | C10H24N2O2 |
| Molecular weight | 204.31 |
| InChIKey | AEUTYOVWOVBAKS-UWVGGRQHSA-N |
SMILES: CC[C@@H](CO)NCCN[C@@H](CC)CO
IUPAC name: (2S)-2-[2-[[(2S)-1-hydroxybutan-2-yl]amino]ethylamino]butan-1-ol
ChEBI definition: An ethylenediamine derivative that is ethane-1,2-diamine in which one hydrogen attached to each of the nitrogens is sutstituted by a 1-hydroxybutan-2-yl group (S,S-configuration). It is a bacteriostatic antimycobacterial drug, effective against Mycobacterium tuberculosis and some other mycobacteria. It is used (as the dihydrochloride salt) in combination with other antituberculous drugs in the treatment of pulmonary and extrapulmonary tuberculosis; resistant strains of M. tuberculosis are readily produced if ethambutol is used alone.
Pharmacological roles (ChEBI): antitubercular agent.
Other ChEBI roles (chemical / environmental): environmental contaminant, xenobiotic.
Also known as: Etambutol, Ethambutol, ethambutol, S, S-Ethambutol, ETHAMBUTOL, C0088618, ETHAMBUTOL HYDROCHLORIDE
Parent form; salt/anhydrous children: CHEMBL1628240, CHEMBL1788373, CHEMBL3140361
Patent coverage: 10,211 distinct patent families (32,690 SureChEMBL compound mentions), from 1 matched compound structure(s). Mentions count patents naming the compound (not distinct inventions), so promiscuous / reference molecules inflate the mention figure — families are the dedup metric.
Targets
Targets
Broader ChEMBL bioactivity targets: 2 (assay-derived). Sample: Cannabinoid receptor 1, Alpha-1A adrenergic receptor.
Bioactivity
No ChEMBL bioactivity rows at pChembl ≥ 5 (expected for biologics / antibodies).
Target pathways
No target-pathway data for this drug (no mapped target genes).
Indications & clinical
Indications
9 indications (1 at ChEMBL trial phase 4). Phase below is the highest clinical-trial phase recorded for this drug against each disease — not the molecule’s overall approval status (that is in the Summary).
| Indication | Trial phase | MONDO | EFO |
|---|---|---|---|
| tuberculosis | 4 | MONDO:0018076 | MONDO:0018076 |
| pulmonary tuberculosis | 3 | MONDO:0006052 | EFO:1000049 |
| anterior uveitis | 3 | MONDO:0006651 | EFO:1000811 |
| mycobacterial infectious disease | 3 | MONDO:0020590 | EFO:0009429 |
| AIDS | 2 | MONDO:0012268 | EFO:0000765 |
| Mycobacterium avium complex disease | 2 | MONDO:0005866 | EFO:0007386 |
| sarcoidosis | 2 | MONDO:0019338 | MONDO:0019338 |
| meningitis | 2 | MONDO:0021108 | MONDO:0021108 |
| lung disorder | 2 | MONDO:0005275 | EFO:0003818 |
Clinical trials
Total trials: 69.
Phase distribution
| Phase | Trials |
|---|---|
| PHASE2 | 23 |
| PHASE3 | 19 |
| Not specified | 11 |
| PHASE4 | 9 |
| PHASE2/PHASE3 | 5 |
| PHASE1 | 2 |
Top trials by phase / activity
| NCT | Phase | Status | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| NCT04921943 | PHASE4 | RECRUITING | Hypertonic Saline for MAC |
| NCT07084402 | PHASE4 | RECRUITING | Short-term Bactericidal Effect of Contezolid in MAC-PD |
| NCT00002343 | PHASE4 | COMPLETED | A Study of Rifabutin, Used Alone or With Ethambutol in the Prevention of Mycobacterium Avium Complex (MAC) Bacteremia in Patients With AIDS |
| NCT00367913 | PHASE4 | COMPLETED | Clarithromycin v Ciprofloxacin Added to Rifampicin + Ethambutol, for Opportunist Mycobacterial Pulmonary Disease |
| NCT01048697 | PHASE4 | COMPLETED | Effect of Weight and/or Obesity on Ethambutol Drug Concentrations |
| NCT01782950 | PHASE4 | UNKNOWN | Evaluation of the Pharmacokinetics of Antituberculosis Drugs and Tuberculosis Treatment Outcomes |
| NCT02057796 | PHASE4 | COMPLETED | Systematic Empirical vs. Test-guided Anti-TB Treatment Impact in Severely Immunosuppressed HIV-infected Adults Initiating ART With CD4 Cell Counts <100/mm3 |
| NCT02477852 | PHASE4 | UNKNOWN | The Optimal Duration of Preoperative Anti-tuberculosis Treatment of Spinal Tuberculosis |
| NCT02901288 | PHASE4 | UNKNOWN | Shortened Regimens for Drug-susceptible Pulmonary Tuberculosis |
| NCT03236987 | PHASE3 | RECRUITING | CLArithromycin Versus AZIthromycin in the Treatment of Mycobacterium Avium Complex (MAC) Lung Infections |
| NCT04310930 | PHASE2/PHASE3 | RECRUITING | Finding the Optimal Regimen for Mycobacterium Abscessus Treatment |
| NCT04485156 | PHASE3 | NOT_YET_RECRUITING | Treatment Shortening of Drug-Sensitive Pulmonary Tuberculosis Using High Dose Rifampicin (Hi-DoRi-3) |
| NCT05454345 | PHASE3 | NOT_YET_RECRUITING | Sitafloxacin-containing Regimens for Shortening Tuberculosis Treatment |
| NCT05766267 | PHASE2/PHASE3 | ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING | Short-course Regimens for the Treatment of Pulmonary Tuberculosis |
| NCT06081361 | PHASE3 | ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING | Innovating Shorter, All- Oral, Precised, Individualized Treatment Regimen for Rifampicin Resistant Tuberculosis：Contezolid, Delamanid and Bedaquiline Cohort |
| NCT06253715 | PHASE3 | RECRUITING | Shortened Regimen for Drug-susceptible TB in Children |
| NCT00001033 | PHASE3 | COMPLETED | The Treatment of Tuberculosis in HIV-Infected Patients |
| NCT00001047 | PHASE3 | COMPLETED | Study of Four Different Treatment Approaches for Patients Who Have Mycobacterium Avium Complex Disease (MAC) Plus AIDS |
| NCT00002101 | PHASE3 | COMPLETED | A Three-Arm Comparative Trial for the Treatment of MAC Bacteremia in AIDS: A Clarithromycin/Ethambutol Regimen Containing Rifabutin (450 Mg) or Rifabutin (300 Mg) or Placebo |
| NCT00002140 | PHASE3 | COMPLETED | A Randomized, Double-Blind, Comparative Study of Azithromycin Versus Clarithromycin in Combination With Ethambutol for the Treatment of Disseminated Mycobacterium Avium Complex (MAC) Infection in AIDs Patients |
| NCT00130247 | PHASE3 | COMPLETED | Tuberculosis Treatment Shortening Trial |
| NCT00864383 | PHASE3 | COMPLETED | Controlled Comparison of Two Moxifloxacin Containing Treatment Shortening Regimens in Pulmonary Tuberculosis |
| NCT01154959 | PHASE3 | COMPLETED | Latency in Pulmonary Tuberculosis |
| NCT02409290 | PHASE3 | COMPLETED | The Evaluation of a Standard Treatment Regimen of Anti-tuberculosis Drugs for Patients With MDR-TB |
| NCT02563327 | PHASE3 | COMPLETED | Pharmacokinetic and Pharmacodynamic Study of High-Dose Rifapentine and Moxifloxacin for Treatment of Tuberculosis |
| NCT02581527 | PHASE3 | COMPLETED | A Randomised Trial to Evaluate Toxicity and Efficacy of 1200mg and 1800mg Rifampicin for Pulmonary Tuberculosis |
| NCT03474198 | PHASE2/PHASE3 | COMPLETED | Two-month Regimens Using Novel Combinations to Augment Treatment Effectiveness for Drug-sensitive Tuberculosis |
| NCT03672630 | PHASE2/PHASE3 | COMPLETED | Comparison of Two- Versus Three-antibiotic Therapy for Pulmonary Mycobacterium Avium Complex Disease |
| NCT04062201 | PHASE3 | COMPLETED | Building Evidence for Advancing New Treatment for Rifampicin Resistant Tuberculosis (RR-TB) Comparing a Short Course of Treatment (Containing Bedaquiline, Delamanid and Linezolid) With the Current South African Standard of Care |
| NCT04117698 | PHASE3 | UNKNOWN | Multicenter, Randomized Study Evaluating the Value of Antitubercular Treatment During Recurent Anterior Uveitis (URBA) |
| NCT04630145 | PHASE2/PHASE3 | COMPLETED | A Study of Bedaquiline Administered as Part of a Treatment Regimen With Clarithromycin and Ethambutol in Adult Patients With Treatment-refractory Mycobacterium Avium Complex-lung Disease (MAC-LD) |
| NCT04677543 | PHASE3 | COMPLETED | Validation of Patient Reported Outcome Measures in Participants With Nontuberculous Mycobacterial Lung Infection Caused by Mycobacterium Avium Complex |
| NCT04677569 | PHASE3 | COMPLETED | Study to Evaluate ALIS (Amikacin Liposome Inhalation Suspension) in Participants With Nontuberculous Mycobacterial Lung Infection Caused by Mycobacterium Avium Complex |
| NCT05383742 | PHASE2 | RECRUITING | Trial of a Six-Month Regimen of High-Dose Rifampicin, High-Dose Isoniazid, Linezolid, and Pyrazinamide Versus a Standard Nine-Month Regimen for the Treatment of Adults and Adolescents With Tuberculous Meningitis |
| NCT05556746 | PHASE2 | ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING | Ultra-Short Course Bedaquiline, Clofazimine, Pyrazinamide and Delamanid Versus Standard Therapy for Drug-Susceptible TB |
| NCT06192160 | PHASE2 | RECRUITING | Trial of Novel Regimens for the Treatment of Pulmonary Tuberculosis |
| NCT06917495 | PHASE2 | NOT_YET_RECRUITING | Short-Course Anti-tuberculosis Regimens for Mild Spinal Tuberculosis |
| NCT07485010 | PHASE2 | NOT_YET_RECRUITING | Testing a Novel Combination Treatment (Arm D) Versus Standard of Care for Intensive Phase Treatment for Mycobacterium Abscessus Pulmonary Disease in People With or Without Cystic Fibrosis in the Finding the Optimal Regimen for Mycobacterium Abscessus Treatment (FORMaT) Adaptive Platform Trial |
| NCT07595042 | PHASE2 | NOT_YET_RECRUITING | A Trial of Stratified Patient-Centered Treatment Regimens for Active TB (SPECTRA-TB) |
| NCT00000641 | PHASE2 | COMPLETED | A Phase II/III Trial of Rifampin, Ciprofloxacin, Clofazimine, Ethambutol, and Amikacin in the Treatment of Disseminated Mycobacterium Avium Infection in HIV-Infected Individuals. |
Clinical evidence (CIViC)
No CIViC predictive evidence (expected for non-precision-medicine drugs).
Pharmacology
Pharmacogenomics
No PharmGKB pharmacogenomic data curated for this drug.
Related molecules
Related molecules
No competitor molecules sharing a primary target (ChEMBL phase ≥2 or PubChem drug-class).