Fumaric Acid
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Also known as Allomaleic-acidBoletic-acidE-297E297FEMA NO. 2488Fumaricum acidumINS NO.297INS-297NSC-2752fumarateSID17389670SID85148759SID69355ACIDE_FUMARIQUESID144213143SID144208967
Summary
Fumaric Acid (CHEMBL503160) is a phase-3 clinical-stage small-molecule geroprotector (ATC D05AX01); indicated across 2 conditions including psoriasis and cutaneous lupus erythematosus.
At a glance
- Status: Max clinical phase 3 (not approved)
- Modality: Small molecule
- ATC class: D05AX01
- Indications: 2 conditions
- Clinical trials: 11
- Chemistry: 116.07 Da · C4H4O4
Identifiers
Drug identity and classification
| Field | Value |
|---|---|
| ChEMBL ID | CHEMBL503160 |
| Name | Fumaric Acid |
| Type | Small molecule |
| Max phase | 3 |
| FDA approved | no |
| PubChem CID | 444972 |
| ChEBI | CHEBI:18012 |
| ATC | D05AX01 |
| Molecular formula | C4H4O4 |
| Molecular weight | 116.07 |
| InChIKey | VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-N |
SMILES: C(=C/C(=O)O)\C(=O)O
IUPAC name: (E)-but-2-enedioic acid
ChEBI definition: A butenedioic acid in which the C=C double bond has E geometry. It is an intermediate metabolite in the citric acid cycle.
Pharmacological roles (ChEBI): geroprotector.
Other ChEBI roles (chemical / environmental): food acidity regulator, fundamental metabolite.
Also known as: Allomaleic-acid, Boletic-acid, E-297, E297, FEMA NO. 2488, Fumaric acid, Fumaricum acidum, INS NO.297, INS-297, NSC-2752, fumarate, fumaric acid
Patent coverage: 268,451 distinct patent families (845,433 SureChEMBL compound mentions), from 4 matched compound structure(s). One matched structure accounts for 844,402 (100%) of the total. Mentions count patents naming the compound (not distinct inventions), so promiscuous / reference molecules inflate the mention figure — families are the dedup metric.
Targets
Targets
Broader ChEMBL bioactivity targets: 3 (assay-derived). Sample: Thyrotropin receptor, Egl nine homolog 1, Prolyl hydroxylase EGLN3.
Bioactivity
ChEMBL activities: 2 potent at pChembl ≥ 5 of 5 total. Top 30 by potency (10 = 0.1 nM, 6 = 1 µM):
| Target | pChembl | Type | Value | Unit | Activity ID |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| TSHR | 5.4 | Potency | 3981 | nM | CHEMBL_ACT_3917992 |
| TSHR | 5.4 | Potency | 3981 | nM | CHEMBL_ACT_4691130 |
Target pathways
No target-pathway data for this drug (no mapped target genes).
Indications & clinical
Indications
2 indications (1 at ChEMBL trial phase 4). Phase below is the highest clinical-trial phase recorded for this drug against each disease — not the molecule’s overall approval status (that is in the Summary).
| Indication | Trial phase | MONDO | EFO |
|---|---|---|---|
| psoriasis | 4 | MONDO:0005083 | EFO:0000676 |
| cutaneous lupus erythematosus | 2 | MONDO:0005282 | EFO:0003834 |
Clinical trials
Total trials: 11.
Phase distribution
| Phase | Trials |
|---|---|
| PHASE1 | 4 |
| Not specified | 3 |
| PHASE4 | 2 |
| PHASE3 | 1 |
| PHASE1/PHASE2 | 1 |
Top trials by phase / activity
| NCT | Phase | Status | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| NCT01996124 | PHASE4 | COMPLETED | Acute Effect of Pulmonary Desufflation on Cardiac Performance in COPD Patients |
| NCT05403047 | PHASE4 | UNKNOWN | Efficacy of Tenofovir Disoproxil on Mother-to-child Transmission of HBV in Tokombéré, Cameroon in Pregnant Women |
| NCT02474082 | PHASE3 | COMPLETED | Study of Secukinumab Compared to Fumaderm® in Adults With Moderate to Severe Psoriasis. |
| NCT06122454 | PHASE1/PHASE2 | UNKNOWN | A Phase Ic/IIb Study to Evaluate the Efficacy，Safety and Pharmacokinetics of HST in Patients With CHB |
| NCT07538973 | PHASE1 | NOT_YET_RECRUITING | A Clinical Study to Evaluate the Pharmacokinetics and Safety of Anecatibin Fumarate Capsules in Subjects With Impaired Liver Function Versus Normal Liver Function |
| NCT00004886 | PHASE1 | COMPLETED | MS 209 Plus Docetaxel in Treating Patients With Advanced Solid Tumors |
| NCT01322451 | PHASE1 | COMPLETED | Oral Bioavailability of Two Solid Formulations of GLPG0259. |
| NCT04309526 | PHASE1 | COMPLETED | Safety, Tolerability and Pharmacokinetics of NCO-48 Fumarate in Healthy Subjects |
| NCT06481787 | Not specified | NOT_YET_RECRUITING | Zuojin Wan Combined With Woonosan Fumarate for the Treatment of GRD Combined With Depression |
| NCT00631722 | Not specified | COMPLETED | Multicenter, Open-Label, Randomised, Haloperidol-controlled Study to Evaluate Seroquel as Mono-Therapy in the Treatment of Agitated Symptoms in the Patients With Acute Episode of Schizophrenia |
| NCT01812954 | Not specified | COMPLETED | Economic Evaluation of Systemic Treatments for Moderate-to-severe Psoriasis |
Clinical evidence (CIViC)
No CIViC predictive evidence (expected for non-precision-medicine drugs).
Pharmacology
Pharmacogenomics
No PharmGKB pharmacogenomic data curated for this drug.
Related molecules
Related molecules
No competitor molecules sharing a primary target (ChEMBL phase ≥2 or PubChem drug-class).
Related Atlas pages
- Diseases: psoriasis